Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions

SECTION A: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following is a solution?
A. Fresh apple juice B. Steel
C. Coffee D. Mud

2. Which of the following factors affect the solubility of a substance?

l. Type of solvent ll. Temperature
Ill. Size of particles
A. l, Il D Ill, Il

3. Paint can be dissolved completely in turpentinebut not in water. Which statement is not
true?
A. It shows that the type of solvent affects the solubility of the paint.
B. Turpentine is the only solvent which can dissolve the paint.
C. No residue is observed in filtrationafter paint is placed in the turpentine.
D. Stirring the paint in turpentinedecreases the time taken for the paint to dissolve
completely in the solvent.

4. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. An increase in the temperature of a solvent will decrease the time taken for a solute
to dissolve completely.
B. An increase in the size of a solute will increase the rate of dissolving of the solute.
C. A decrease in the stirring effect will increase the time taken for a solute to dissolve in
a solvent.
D. An increase in the size of a beaker will have no effect on the rate of dissolving of a
solute.

5. Which of the following applications does not depend on water as the solvent?
A. Making alcoholic drinks B. Making cooking oil
C. Making detergent D. Making shampoo

6. A mixture of chalk powder and water can be separated by using filtration.Which of the
following is true about this mixture?
A. It is a homogenoussolution. B. It is a heterogeneoussolution.
C. It is a homogenous suspension. D. It is a heterogeneoussuspension.

7. Which of the following substances is not a solute in air?

A. Carbon dioxide B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen D. Argon

8. Which action does not increase the rate of dissolving of fine sugar crystals in water?
A. Increase the amount of the solvent
B. Increase the temperature of the solvent
C. Increase the rate of stirring
D. Use lumpsugar crystals instead

SCIENCE A & B 73
O WiseMann Publishing ComprehensiveGuide LOWER SECONDARY
 The solubility against time graph below
shows an experiment to investigate a factor
affecting the rate of solubility of two different
solutes in the same solvent.

Solubility of solute
(glin 100 g water)

40

5 10

Time taken (min)

shown on the graph?

Which statement is not possible about the differentresults
of experiment Il.
A. The temperaturein experiment I is higher than that
solute is used in experiment 11.
B. Powdered solute is used in experimentI but lump
on a stirring device.
C. ExperimentI is leftundisturbedbut experimentIl is placed
in experiment ll.
D. The volume of the solvent is greater in experiment I than

10. Which of the followingsubstances cannot be removed easily by water?

A. Shower gel B. Sun-tanning oil
C. Shampoo conditioner D. Facial wash

11. Whenan acid and an alkali is mixed, a salt solution is formed. Which statement is not

A. The salt solution allows light to pass through it.

B. There are salt particles sinking to the bottom of the beaker after a period of time.
C. There is no residue left on the filter paper when the solution is filtered.
D. Salt is evenly mixed with water in every part of the solution.

12. Which of the followingstatements is correct about a solution?

A. The solutemust always be a solid which dissolves in a liquid solvent.
B. The solventcan only dissolve differentsolutes one at a time when they are added
into it together.
C. The volumeof solvent does not affect the solubility of a solute.
D. A solution always allows light to pass through.

4
O WiseMann Publishing
 Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions
13. In which conditions will salt dissolve
the slowest?
Particle size Temperature of solvent CC) Volume of solvent (cd)
A. Coarse 60 50
B. Fine
70 100
c. Fine
60 50
D. Coarse 70 100

14. Which statement is not correct about a solute and

a solvent?
A. When the solvent dissolves the solute completely, there will be no suspension
formed.
B. The volume of a solvent always forms the bulk of a
solution.
C. The maximumamount of solute which can dissolve in a given amount of solvent
forms a concentrated solution.
D. A solute is a substance which is being dissolved by a solvent.

15. Silver chloride and sodium chloride are accidentally mixed together. When the mixture is
placed in water, only sodium chloride can dissolve in it. Which statement is not correct?
A. The residue is silver chloride when filtrationis carried out.
B. After water is added, the mixture contains a solution and a suspension
before
filtration.
C. Stirring the mixture after adding the water can dissolve both substances.
D. When the mixture is filtered, the filtrate allows light to pass through it.

16. Which of the following is a solution formed by a solid-solid mixture?

A. Alloys B. Fizzy drinks C. Salt water D. Petrol
17. Which of the following statements about salt solution and muddy
water is correct?
A. Only the salt solution has a fixed boiling point.
B. Only the salt solution shows uniform density throughout.
C. The substances in both of them cannot be separated by filtration.
D. Both scatter light when light shines on them.

18. Which of the following statements about solubility is correct?

A. It is the solvent particles combined chemically with the
solute particles.
B. It is the two or more substances that are not evenly mixed
throughout.
C. It is how well a solvent dissolves in a given amount of
solute.
D. It is how well a solute dissolves in a given amount of solvent.

O WiseMann Publishing ComprehensiveGuide LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE A & B 75

 19.* Study
the solubility curve below.

80

70

60
50
nnnnpz60n
40
o
30

20

10 zoannæoao
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Temperature
CC)

Which statement about this solubility curve is not correct?

A. At the temperatureof pure boiling water, 80 g of solute can dissolve in 100 g water.
B. The solubility curve of the solute remains the same when the solvent is replaced by
100 g toluene.
C. 70 g of solute remains undissolved in the solution when temperature decreases from
o o
100 c to O c.
D. 40 g of solute dissolved in 100 g water at 50 oc produces a concentratedsolution.

20.* Which of the following is the best way to show that a solution has reached saturation?
A. The colour of the solution becomes darker
B. The solution becomes very difficultto flow
C. Residue is collected when the solution is filtered
D. The solution cannot allow light to pass through anymore

21.* The solubility data for four different salts in water at 70 oc is shown below. Which salt is
the most soluble at this temperature?
A. 15 g solute dissolved in 50 g water B. 20 g solute dissolved in 60 g water
C. 30 g solute dissolved in 110 g water D. 50 g solute dissolved in 120 g water

76 o WiseMann Publishing
 Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions
22.* In an experiment, there are 20 g solute left undissolved in 100 g water when 60 g of solute
is added at 50 oc. Which solute is used in this experiment based on the solubility curve
below?

80

70

60

50

40
o c
E 30

20

10

o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TemperatureCC)

23. A mixture containing crystals of table salt and sugar is added to water and stirred until all
solids have dissolved. Which deduction can be made from the resulting mixture?
A. It is a homogeneous and can be separated by filtration.
B. It is a homogeneous and cannot scatter light.
C. It is a heterogeneous and can be separated by filtration.
D. It is a heterogeneous and can scatter light.

SCIENCE B 77
@ WiseMann Publishing ComprehensiveGuide LOWER SECONDARY
 Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions

Study the solubility curve of solute Y.

80

70

60

50

40

E 30
20

10

o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TemperatureCC)

What is the amount of water needed to dissolve 120 g of solute X at 30 oc?

A. 30 g B. 100 g
C. 200 g D. 400 g

ECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

(a) What is meant by solubility of a substance?

(b) Solubility of a substance is an importantfactor in chromatography.Explain why it is

importantto choose the appropriate solvent for this process to be successful.

(c) Describe briefly, using an appropriate example of a solute, how solubility of a

substance is affected by the temperature.

SCIENCE A & B 79
WiseMann Publishing Comprehensive Guide LOWER SECONDARY
2. (a) Define
(i) solute

(Il) solvent

(b) List four main solutes that dissolve in air.

(c) Give two examples of solid-solid solutions.

3.* The graph below shows the solubility of four different substances against
temperature in
water.

100

80

60

40

20

10 20 30 40 50
TemperatureCC)

80
WiseMann Publishing
 Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions
From the graph, state and explain your answer,
the solubility of the substance is most affected by temperature

(ii) the solubilitythe substance is least affected by temperature

(b) Which substances shows the same solubilityof the solute at 20 oc?

(c) From the graph, predict the amount of substance Q that can dissolve in 100 crn3of
water at 35 oc.

4. A sample of table salt and a sample of chalk powderare mixed together.To separate
them, the mixture is first added to water.
(a) List three ways to increase the rate of solubility of table salt.

Explain why the mixture is heterogeneous before chalk powder is removed.

Describe two characteristics of the nature of the mixture named in (b)(i).

(c) What is the nature of the mixture after chalk powderis removed?

SCIENCE A & B 81
C WiseMann Publishing Comprehensive Guide LOWER SECONDARY
 Chapter 5 Solutions and Suspensions
(c) Identify,and explain your answer clearly, the following items in this experiment:
(i) solute

(ii) solvent

(d) Give two characteristics of the mixture in experiment I after 5 minutes.

A student carries out an experimentto investigatethe solubilityof copper(ll) sulfate.

He performsa series of experimentsby dissolving copper(ll) sulfate until a saturated
solution is formed at differenttemperatures. The solubility curve shows the results of the
experiment.

80

aaoaaaaaora
60
70

50

o oooaazonno
E 30
40

20

10

aaaoooaaaa
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
TemperatureCC)

(a) What is meant by a saturated solution?

O WiseMann Publishing ComprehensiveGuide LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE A & B 83

 (b) Using this amount of copper(ll) sulfate needed to for,
solubility curve, estimate the
a saturated solution in 100 g at
(i) O OC

(ii) 100 oc

The student
(c) The solutionis cooled from100 oc in the open air in an enclosed flask.
manage to recover 53 g of copper(ll) sulfate only.

7. The table shows the conditions for each experiment carried out by a student to dissolve
the same amount of salt crystals in a fixed amount of water.

Experiment Temperature CC) Size of crystals Rate of stirring

1 40 lump slow
2 30 lump fast
3 40 fine slow
4 50 fine fast
(a) Why do the smaller size of salt crystals
dissolve faster generally in water?

(b) Whichexperimentshows
the highest rate of dissolving of the salt crystals?

o WiseMann Publishing