7-24 LEGAL DESCRIPTIONS

38. A description of a parcel within Sec. 4, T2S, R3W Ute Meridian is said
to be "bounded on the south by Original Creek, a nonnavigable stream." The
1974 township plat indicates that Original Creek has been meandered. Which
statement best describes the location of the south boundary of the parcel?
(A) the thread, or middle, of the stream
(B) the meander line
(C) the high water line; nonnavigable streams are never meandered
(D) a straight line connecting the meander corners
(E) the meander line, unless the stream has since moved

Solution: Meander lines are not legal boundaries, unless expressly made so.
They are intended to determine the area of bodies of water, not to define title.
Nonnavigable streams over 3 chains wide are meandered under current instruc
tions, but the boundary, in most cases such as this, is the thread of the stream.

Answer is (A)

39. In researching a chain of title, a surveyor finds that land patented in a

particular township in 1919 as an aliquot part is now designated by the tract
number 37. An ofîcial resurvey of the township was conducted in 1980. What
type of survey was it?
(A) a retracement
(B) a dependent resurvey
(C) a contract survey
(D) an independent resurvey
(E) a completion survey

Soluticn: A dependent resurvey would not.have resulted in changing the aliquot

designation of patented lands. However, an independent resurvey would, most
often, protect bona fide rights within the township by creating tracts. Their
numbers would begin at 37 to avoid confusion with the section numbers.

Answer is (D)

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 GENERAL DEFINITIONS 8-7

12. What is the difference between z-tilt and y-tilt?

(A) z-tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis perpendicular to the flight
line, while y-tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis of the flight line.
(B) -tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis of the flight line, while y-tilt
is the angle of rotation around the axis perpendicular to the flight line.
(C) z-tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis described by the princi
pal point and the perspective center, while y-tilt is the angle of rotation
around the axis perpendicular to the flight line.
(D) z-tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis perpendicular to the flight
line, while y-tilt is the angle of rotation around the axis described by the
principal point and the perspective center.
(E) None of the above is true.

Solution: The t-axis is assumed to be the line described by fiducial marks that
most closely matches the flight Iine. The y-axis is nearly perpendicular to the
flight line. In other words, when the nose of the aircraft moves down, the result
would be described as a positive y-tilt.

Answer is (B)

radial line method

13. Which of the following assumptions is the basis for the
of plotting on aerial photographs?
they are as
(A) The photographs have such insignificant angles of tilt that
sumed to be truly vertical photographs.
point are identical.
(B) The principal point, the plumb point, and the pass
edge.
(c) The relief displacernent in the photograph is equal at each
(D) The z-parallax in the photograph is zero. pair
was made for a stereo
(E) The flight height at the moment the exposure
is considered.
drawn from the radial
Solution: In the radial line method of plotting, the angles
assumed to equal the corre
center to other points on an aerial photograph are on the assumption that the
sponding angles on the ground. The method is based exposure.
at the moment of
camera was perpendicular to the horizontal plane
magnitude of the tilt is often not
This condition is almost never met, but the
Significant enough to negate the plotting method.

Answer is (A)

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 FORMATS AND CAMERAS 8-9

FORMATS AND CAMERAS

16. What are the typical dimensions of the portion of the negative within the
focal plane of an aerial camera used for mapping?
(A) 8 in x 10 in
(B) 12 in x 12 in
(C) 4 in x 5 in
(D) 9 in x 9 in
(E) 3 in x 5 in

Solution: The usual format for aerial photographs used in topographic mapping
is 9 in >x 9 in (230 mm x 230 rmm).

Answer is (D)

17. What is the term used to describe a positive aerial photograph printed on a
transparent plate?

(A) a dioptric
(B) a trimetrogon
(C) a strip photograph
(D) a phototrig
(E) a diapositive

Solution: Aerial photographs are printed on glass plates in preparation for their
diaposi
projection in a stereoscopic plotting instrument or cormparator. These
compensate
tives are sometimes produced at a reduced scale, using lenses that
for the distortion of the camera lens used to make the photogTaphs.

Answer is (E)

aerial carmera?
18. Which of the following is not a typical component of an
(A) a magazine
(B) a cone
(C) a diaphragm
(D) a collimator
(E) a shutter

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