TECHNICAL ISO/TS

SPECIFICATION 128-71

First edition
2010-09-01

Technical product documentation

(TPD) — General principles of
presentation —
Part 71:
Simplified representation for mechanical
engineering drawings
Documentation technique de produits (TPD) — Principes généraux de
représentation —
Partie 71: Représentation simplifiée applicable aux dessins industriels

Reference number
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

© ISO 2010
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

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 ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

Contents Page

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................vi
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................1
2 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................1
3 General principles and basic methods of simplified representation ...............................................1
3.1 Principles................................................................................................................................................1
3.2 Basic methods .......................................................................................................................................2
4 Examples ................................................................................................................................................2

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:

⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;

⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.

An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO/TS 128-71 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation,
Subcommittee SC 6, Mechanical engineering documentation.

ISO/TS 128 consists of the following parts, under the general title Technical product documentation (TPD) —
General principles of presentation:

⎯ Part 1: Introduction and index

⎯ Part 20: Basic conventions for lines

⎯ Part 21: Preparation of lines by CAD systems

⎯ Part 22: Basic conventions and applications for leader lines and reference lines

⎯ Part 23: Lines on construction drawings

⎯ Part 24: Lines on mechanical engineering drawings

⎯ Part 25: Lines on shipbuilding drawings

iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

⎯ Part 30: Basic conventions for views

⎯ Part 34: Views on mechanical engineering drawings

⎯ Part 40: Basic conventions for cuts and sections

⎯ Part 44: Sections on mechanical engineering drawings

⎯ Part 50: Basic conventions for representing areas on cuts and sections

⎯ Part 71: Simplified representation for mechanical engineering drawings [Technical Specification]

The presentation of shipbuilding drawings is to form the subject of a future part 15.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved v

ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

Introduction
This part of ISO 128 has been established to specify rules and guidance for the use of the simplified
representation on mechanical engineering drawings.

It is not the purpose of the simplified representation to present difficulties in understanding the drawing. When
its use could present such difficulties, it is intended that a complete representation in accordance with the
basic rules of ISO 128 be used.

vi © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

Technical product documentation (TPD) — General principles

of presentation —

Part 71:
Simplified representation for mechanical engineering drawings

1 Scope
This part of ISO 128 specifies general principles and basic methods for the application of the simplified
representation on mechanical engineering drawings.

The provisions of this part of ISO 128 are based on those of ISO 128-20, ISO 128-30, ISO 128-40, ISO 128-50,
ISO 129-1 (Technical drawings — Indication of dimensions and tolerances — Part 1: General principles) and
ISO 6411 (Technical drawings — Simplified representation of centre holes).

NOTE For the simplified representation of individual products, such as fastenings, springs, seals, gear wheels, racks,
worms, worm gear-wheels, splint joints and rolling bearings, see the relevant International Standards.

2 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
complete representation
representation drawn in accordance with the valid rules of projection for technical drawings

3.2
simplified representation
representation drawn in accordance with the valid rules of projection and on which individual elements of the
product are not shown, provided this does not present difficulties in understanding the drawing

3 General principles and basic methods of simplified representation

3.1 Principles

Simplified representation

a) shall not lead to misunderstanding or equivocation,

b) while making drawings easy to read and draw, should also emphasize the whole effect, and

c) while facilitating manual and computer drawing, should also consider the requirements of microcopy
drawing.

© ISO 2010 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

3.2 Basic methods

The basic methods for the use of simplified representation are

a) reducing the repeat structure drawing for identical components (see examples 7 to 10),

b) omitting the views, sections or cuts which are not necessary (see example 4), and

c) simplifying the elements of drawing when the structure is clearly expressed (see examples 1 to 6 and 11
to 15).

4 Examples
For comparison purposes, the following examples of the application of the principles and methods are given in
both their simplified and conventional/complete representations.

2 © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved

 Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
N o.
1 Only the products or their
features that are located in the
sectional plane beyond the
coiled spring need be shown.

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2 It is permitted that the features
shown on a detail section not
be depicted on the principal
view.

3
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)
4
Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
No.
3 Simple sections are permitted
not to be hatched.
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

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 Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
N o.
4 A local section is permitted to
be made on the principal cut
(section) view, provided the
local section is identified.

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5 Projections for circles or
circular arcs whose angle of
inclination with the projection
plane is less than equal to 30°
may be substituted by circles
or circular arcs.

5
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)
6
Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
No.
6 The easement curves of the
bodies of revolution are
permitted to be substituted by
circumferences.
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

7 In a part where there is a

certain number of identical,
evenly spaced features (teeth,
grooves, etc.), it is permitted to
depict only one or two of these
features on the simplified view,
with the remainder being
depicted using a narrow line
and with their total number(s)
indicated.

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 Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
N o.
8 Where there are groups of
repeated features on the
product, only one of the groups
need be shown in full on the
simplified view; the others may
be depicted using centre lines,
with their total number

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indicated.

9 Where the components (parts

and assemblies) are located in
a regular pattern on an
assembly drawing, only one
of the groups need be shown
in the simplified view, while
the arrangement of other
components may be depicted
using centre lines, with their
total number indicated.

7
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)
8
Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
No.
10 When there is a group of
identical components on an
assembly drawing, only one
group need be depicted, with
appropriate indication of the
rest.
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

11 Where the features of a part

are represented in full on one
view, they may be depicted in
simplified form on related
views.

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 Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
N o.
12 The form of a pipe may be
depicted with a centre line with
detail at each end.

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13 Where a component or
components of a product are
shown in complete form in one
view, it is permitted to depict
them in simplified form in other
views.

9
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)
10
Example
Simplified representation Conventional representation Description
No.
14 Standard and other widely
used parts may be shown in
outline.
ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

15 In an assembly drawing,
chamfers, ribs, knurls, draft
angles, etc., of the parts may
be omitted.

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ISO/TS 128-71:2010(E)

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