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    CONGENITAL

    Uploaded by

    mirvatyouness76

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    CONGENITAL

    Uploaded by

    mirvatyouness76
    9 views4 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    9 views4 pages

    CONGENITAL

    Uploaded by

    mirvatyouness76

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    ASD:

    Left to right shunt


    Secundum ASD : septum secundum
    Primum: AV valves
    Sinous venosis: SVC
    Murmus, no cyanosis, pulmonary art inc R and P and V ,
    vasocons, rarely HF

    Foramen ovale:
    No septal defect, only patent
    If it is patent, it will open upon high pressure from right
    like in bowel movement/coughing, first blood volume
    decreases then increases suddenly and greatly so inc RA
    pressure--> r-l shunt for few seconds
    VSD:
    Membranous and infundibular
    Left to right shunt, RV kteer 3ale P w volume sar fiya ,
    pulmonary hypertension--> RV pressure inc--> right to
    left--> mix oxygenate with deoxygenated--> to peripheral
    tissues--> cyanosis
    Patent ductus arteriosis
    Btwn pulmonary trunk and arch of aorta lzm tsaker,
    bedal maftu7a [intrauterine life , blood pass from pulm
    artery to aorta][cz no lung]
    MACHINARY LIKE MURMUR , no cyanosis
    Left to right , if large shunt then obstructive pulmonary
    vascular disease
    RIGHT TO LEFT SHUNTS:
    TETROLY OF FALLOT:
    The four cardinal features of TOF are:
    1. VSD
    2. obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract
    (subpulmonic stenosis)
    3. aorta that overrides the VSD
    4. right ventricular hypertrophy
    BOOT SHAPED HEART
    Boot shaped heart due to hypertrophy of RV
    Stenosis of pulmonary valve--> inc RV pressure--> R-L
    shunt -> cyanosis
    If COMPLETE ATRASIA[CLOSURE OF VALVE]:
    Stenosis of pulmonary valve--> inc RV pressure--> R-L
    shunt -> cyanosis
    Transposition of great arteries:
    Pulmonary trunk tali3 from LV and aorta from RV
    RV hypertrophied to supply systemic circulation
    LV hypoplastic/atrophic
    Without surgery patient dies within few months
    Tricuspid atresia:
    Btwn RA and RV, hypoplasia for RV
    Right to left shunt , close of tricuspid
    Coarctation of aorta:
    More in males and females with turner syndrome
    ( different pulses in arms and lower limbs)
    Pulmonary Stenosis and Atresia:
    Closed pulmonary valve, PDA allows passage from aorta
    to pulmonary artery

    If complete closure: hypoplastic RV, also associated with


    ASD to help blood pass form RA- to LA
    If stenosis: mild, lives asymptomatically
    Aortic stenosis/Atresia:
    Leads to obstruction of LV outflow--> LV
    hypoplasia/atrophy

    Is mild stenosis: LV hypertrophy like usual stenosis sand


    lives normally. May damage conduction of heart-->
    sudden cardiac death by arrhythmia

    If closed completely: blood cant pass to aorta and severe


    symptoms upon birth

    Can occur: valvular, subvalvular, supravalvular

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