COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

Presented to

The Faculty of

PHINMA University of Pangasinan

College of Allied Health Sciences

Dagupan City

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirement for the Degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

BLOCK 1

MAY 2024
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The conductors of this Community Diagnosis would like to extend their utmost gratitude

to those who helped us make this study feasible.

First and foremost, we would like to thank our Almighty God for His guidance and for

providing us with the strength to complete this study.

To the Dean of the College of Health Sciences, Dean Rosario Charisse R. Venzon,

RMT, RN, MAN; to the program head of the Department of College of Nursing Dr. Sheree

G. Ganzon, RN, LPT; the Level 3 Coordinator Jhoan C. Mondala, RN, MAN; to the Level 3

BSN RLE Coordinator Virgie Bauzon, RN, CNN, MAN; and the Clinical Instructors of

3BSN1, for their effort and time in guiding and giving us more knowledge on making a good

Community Diagnosis.

To the families of the level 3 BSN students, we deeply appreciate your responses and

unwavering support for the academic pursuits of the future nurses. Your involvement in this

study is greatly appreciated.

We would also like to express our gratitude to our dear friends and classmates with

whom we shared our challenges. Their support and encouragement throughout our study

have been invaluable.

i
 Table of Contents

Acknowledgment………………………………………………………..………………………. i

Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………….. 1

Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………………. 4

Results and Discussion …………………………………………………………………………. 8

Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………. 71

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………….. 74

Community Diagnosis ………………………………………………………………………… 76

Recommendations …………………………………………………………………………….. 77

Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………... 78
 INTRODUCTION

Community is defined as the composition of people and eight subsystems

reinforcing the community. According to McEwen & Nies (2022), the center of attention

of community health nursing is health promotion and disease prevention, working with

clientele such as individuals, families, and the community. Furthermore, this will help

aggregates and communities work to create options for healthier environments with

crucial components of health, which include adequate education, socio-economic

improvements, and nutrition. In return, these will provide choices for behavioral

changes. According to the Department of Health (DOH), the primary goal of community

health nursing is self-reliance in the community's health. However, the ultimate goal is to

raise the citizenry's health level (Nisce et al., 2000).

As stated by Khaiwar (2024), community health nursing is essential as it plays a

pivotal role in a primary intervention that strengthens the well-being of an individual by

providing health education and immunization, which prevents diseases. Public health

nurses participate in strategic planning with the help of the city health mayor, barangay

health workers, and the people themselves. It necessitates applying the nursing

process, which can help benefit the different clientele levels in the community (Maglaya,

n.d.). Community health nursing targets broad clients who encounter difficulties in

accessing healthcare. This approach prioritizes the least fortunate, embodying equity.

However, it can also lead to equality, as everyone in the community receives the same

attention, and resources and services are distributed as necessary. What is unique

about community health nursing is that it brings healthcare to the people. As part of the

journey as nurses, we took an active role in immersing ourselves in the barangay.

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 Whether they are employed by hospitals, physician practices, or health clinics, all

nurses in a community can improve the health of that community. But because they take

the community or population as a whole into account, public health nursing specialists

offer something exceptional. In order to improve the population's health, they work with

the community to assess the general state of health and the elements that influence it,

such as the physical, biological, and sociocultural aspects of the environment (Stanhope

& Lancaster, 2016, p. 15). By doing so, they assist the community in making educated

decisions and taking active roles in their health and well-being. Because public health

nursing focuses on communities, groups, and families, there is a significant opportunity

to create improved and efficient nursing and healthcare delivery systems. These new

approaches emphasize preventative care and early intervention, which can greatly

minimize the occurrence of major health problems and their related costly

hospitalizations (Allender et al., 2014, p. 56). By customizing healthcare strategies to

the individual requirements of different populations, these systems increase the

relevance and efficacy of health treatments, resulting in better community health

outcomes and long-term well-being.

Community health nursing has a critical role in creating a sustainable future for our

communities by concentrating on prevention, education, and addressing social

determinants that influence one's health. A nursing student will develop skills in this

respective area of nursing to enable individuals and communities to be in charge of their

health, thereby lessening the medical care system’s load of nursing visits, thus making

health more readily accessible (Purdue Global, 2023).

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 While sometimes used interchangeably, community health nursing is a part of the

field of public health nursing. Public health nurses work at the population level to

implement measures to control diseases, advocate for health policies, and ensure

access to services. On the other hand, community health nurses provide hands-on care

within specific communities, offering services such as primary care, managing chronic

diseases, and supporting maternal and child health. However, that does not mean that

the two areas do not overlap; they embody the necessity for prevention and wellness

and the necessity not only to be a voice for the voiceless but also to be the ones who

may speak for them. However strange in certain usage, both areas intertwine and

convey the necessity of understanding community health nursing. It helps significantly in

building the future of accessible healthcare; thus, communities will thrive (Association of

Public Health Nursing, 2018).

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 METHODOLOGY

This chapter describes the methods we utilized to conduct the study. It includes the

following: study design, locale of the study, sources of data, research instrument, and

the data gathering procedure.

Study Design

This study will employ a quantitative survey research design. A survey research is

the process of gathering data from a sample of people by asking them relevant

questions. Many approaches to participant recruitment, data collection, and

instrumentation are possible with this kind of research. Survey research can employ

both qualitative and quantitative research methods, such as open-ended questions and

numerically rated items on questionnaires, or a combination of the two. Surveys are

widely employed in social, psychological, and health research because they are a

common tool for describing and examining human behavior and practices.

For this particular study, a quantitative approach is used because of its significance

in collating the data gathered and organizing it to show patterns and frequencies among

the respondents’ answers. The concluded numerical data will be based on the

respondents’, rather than the researchers’, perspectives regarding their health

behaviors, daily activities, and amenities available at their disposal.

Locale of the Study

The study was conducted at barangay Pogo Chico, located in Dagupan City,

Philippines. In selecting a community for our study, we opted for an oppressed

community that would likely benefit from the recommendations we plan to develop.

Barangay Pogo Chico was chosen for its suitability and strong recommendation as a

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potential study site that met our criteria. This place was selected to evaluate the

efficiency of the study among the families in Pogo Chico. The focus was on evaluating

the family service providers' understanding of health and social service needs, aiming to

assess the community's overall healthcare awareness and services for priority

populations in this barangay.

Sources of Data

For this study, the Level III BSN block 1 students gathered data from the residents

of Brgy. Pogo Chico, Dagupan City, Pangasinan. The interviews took place through

face-to-face interactions between the researchers and the respondents themselves.

Thus, the gathered data is considered primary as it has been collected from first-hand

sources. It was undertaken to gather information that supported the study's goal. As a

result, surveys were utilized to gather pertinent information necessary to examine,

identify, and prioritize the health concerns in this area of the community.

Research Instrument

The instrument used in the study is a Community Health Assessment Tool, a

questionnaire-made instrument that offers data that describes the profile of a

community, and the semi-structured interview which allows a mix of predefined

questions and open-ended responses, providing both structure and flexibility to explore

respondents' insights in depth.

The purpose of the Community Health Assessment Tool is to gather comprehensive

data about the health and well-being of the community. This data includes the

demographic profile, family types, length of stay, religions, occupations, educational

background, eating habits, family income, health status and history, health practices,

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preferred consultants for health concerns, home environment, waste disposal methods,

drainage systems, water supply, and family needs.

Collecting various information aims to develop a detailed community profile. This

data will be instrumental in identifying key health issues, understanding community

needs, and planning targeted interventions to improve overall health outcomes.

Additionally, it will offer information to address the problems they are facing, helping

them identify potential candidates or opportunities to serve as community facilitators

and non-governmental implementers.

Data Gathering Procedure

Before initiating the data collection process, the researchers sought approval from

the research advisor to proceed with the procedure. Once approved, the researchers

drafted a detailed informed consent letter tailored to the selected respondents, who

were the main focus of the study.

The researchers utilized a standardized survey provided by the institution, and the

researchers had the flexibility to complete the questionnaire at the selected

respondents’ convenience and in the comfort of the respondents’ own homes. Once the

completed questionnaires were gathered, the researchers tabulated and analyzed the

data to determine the frequency and percentage of responses, which laid the foundation

for the subsequent data analysis.

After completing the data analysis, the researchers drew conclusions based on the

findings, which led to the development of a community diagnosis and the formulation of

recommendations.

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 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Figure 1. Graphical Presentation of Family Types

Table 1. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Family Types

n=80

FAMILY NUMBER PERCENTAGE

NUCLEAR 50 62.5%

EXTENDED 30 37.5%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 1 and Table 1 depict the frequency distribution and proportion of the family

types. According to the data acquired, the nuclear family accounted for 50 of 80

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respondents, or 62.5% of the total population, while the extended family accounted for

30 of 80, or 37.5% of the whole population.

Implication

According to Abalos (2023), nuclear homes are still the most popular household type

in the Philippines. However, their relative share plummeted from 69.1% in 1990 to

64.9% in 2010, while the percentage of extended households grew from 22.9 to 25.2%

between 1990 and 2010.

The graph implies that although the percentage of nuclear families generally

decreased, it still exceeds extended families. This indicates that the nuclear family type

continues to be more prevalent in the Philippines.

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 Figure 2. Graphical Presentation of Employment

Table 2. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Employment

n= 80

EMPLOYMENT NUMBER PERCENTAGE

EMPLOYED 38 47.5%

UNEMPLOYED 28 35%

SELF-EMPLOYED 14 17.5%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 2 and Table 2 illustrate the frequency distribution and percentage of

employment. According to the data, the employed account for 38 out of 80 people, or

47.5% of the total population. However, the unemployed make up 28 out of 80, or 35%

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of the overall population. Furthermore, the self-employed have the lowest percentage,

accounting for 14 out of 80 or 17.5% of the overall population.

Implication

According to the data that was released by the Philippine Statistics Authority, it

shows that the employment rate in the Philippines increased in January 2024 with a

total of 95.5 percent. It was higher than the employment rate in 2023 in the same month

with 95.2 percent.

An employed personnel is someone who is hired to work and receives a salary or pay

for the services provided. It is characterized by the number of people engaged in

constructive activities that help our economy prosper.

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 Figure 3. Graphical Presentation of Monthly Income

Table 3. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Monthly Income

n=80

MONTHLY INCOME NUMBER PERCENTAGE

BELOW PHP 2,000 13 16.3%

PHP 2,000-5,000 18 22.5%

PHP 5,001-8,000 11 13.8%

MORE THAN PHP 8,000 38 47.5%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 3 and Table 3 show the frequency distribution and percentage of monthly

income. According to the data, households earning more than PHP 8,000 have the

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highest percentage, accounting for 38 out of 80 or 47.5% of the population. The PHP

2,000-5,000 has the second highest percentage, accounting for 18 out of 80 or 22.5%.

The third one, below PHP 2,000, accounts for 13 out of 80 or 16.3%. And lastly,

PHP5,001-8,000 has the lowest percentage of the total population accounting for 11 out

of 80 or 13.8%.

Implication

According to the Occupational Wages Survey | Philippine Statistics Authority |

Republic of the Philippines (2023), the average monthly wage in the Philippines is PHP

18,423.00, yet this varies depending on the industry, location, and abilities. The data

reveals that more households in the locality earn more than PHP 8,000 per month.

However, the data also illustrates that there are many households with a monthly

income between PHP 2,000 and PHP 5,000. According to Estrellado (2024), a worker's

salary is determined by their educational background, regional rates, cost of living,

bonuses, incentives, allowances, and industry.

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 Figure 4. Graphical Presentation for Food

Table 4. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Food

n=80

EXPENDITIES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

BELOW PHP50 1 1.2%

PHP50-75 7 8.8%

MORE THAN PHP70 72 90%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure and Table 4 above shows the graphical presentation and frequency

distribution and percentage of food of the total 80 households from Brgy. Pogo Chico. It

can be seen that 72 out of 80 households that account for 90% of the total population

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interviewed spend more than PHP 70 on their food expenditures, which has the highest

percentage of spending for food. Households that spend PHP 50-75 for their food

expenditure have achieved 8.8% which accounts for 7 out of 80 households and the

total population that spends below PHP 50 has accounted for 1% which refers to 1 out

of 80 households from Brgy. Pogo Chico.

Implication

According to the Commission on Population (2024), an average Filipino family

spends half of their resources per month on their food. The table shows that 72 families

have a high amount of expenditures out of the 80 households interviewed. This

indicates that the 72 families’ income primarily goes to buying food, with less money

allotted to clothing and other essentials. This also illustrates that there is a high number

of families prioritizing their nutritional needs, which implies that the community values

their health over material luxuries.

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 Figure 5. Graphical Presentation for Number of Times Buying Clothing

TABLE 5. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Number of Times Buying

Clothing
n=80

NUMBER OF TIMES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

ONCE A YEAR 22 27.5%

TWICE A YEAR 15 18.8%

THRICE A YEAR 43 53.7%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 5 and Table 5 above show the graphical presentation and frequency

distribution and percentage of how many times the total population of 80 households

from Brgy. Pogo Chico buys clothing in a year. It can be seen that 43 out of 80

households or 53.7% of the total population interviewed buy clothes thrice a year, which

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is the highest percentage of number of times buying clothes. While the total population

from Brgy. Pogo Chico which buys once a year accounts for 27.5% which is 22 out of 80

households, and lastly, the total population that buys twice a year accounts for 18.8%

which is 15 out of 80 households from Brgy. Pogo Chico.

Implication

The collation shows that 43 families out of the 80 households interviewed buy

clothes a higher amount of times. This indicates that the 43 family’s partial income is

used for buying clothes as compared to the remaining 37 households. This means they

have a higher income and can afford to buy clothes numerous times a year.

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 Figure 6. Graphical Presentation of Housing

TABLE 6. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Housing

n=183

HOUSING FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

WATER 78 97.5%

ELECTRICITY 80 100%

TELEPHONE 25 31.3%

TOTAL 183 228.8%

Interpretation

The data indicates that access to basic utilities among the respondents is generally

high, with 97.5% having access to water and 100% having access to electricity. This

suggests that the infrastructure for these essential services is well-developed and

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reliable. However, access to telephone services is significantly lower, with only 31.3% of

respondents having this facility.

Implication

The data suggests that access to electricity is universal among the respondents,

indicating a well-established infrastructure in that regard. Access to water is also high,

with only a small percentage lacking this service. However, telephone access is

significantly lower, implying potential barriers to communication or differing priorities and

resources for telecommunication services among the respondents.

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 Figure 7. Graphical Presentation of Home Type

Table 7. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Home

(type)
n=80

HOME TYPE NUMBER PERCENTAGE

CONCRETE 39 48.8%

WOOD 12 15%

MIXED 26 32.5%

MAKESHIFT 3 3.7%

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

The majority of respondents live in concrete homes (48.8%), indicating a prevalence

of more durable and possibly more permanent housing structures. A significant portion

lives in mixed-material homes (32.5%), suggesting some variability in housing quality.

Smaller percentages of respondents live in wood (15%) and makeshift homes (3.7%),

highlighting that a minority may face less stable living conditions.

Implication

The high percentage of concrete homes implies a general trend towards stable and

permanent housing among the respondents. However, the presence of wood and

makeshift homes indicates that there are still notable disparities in housing quality and

stability within the community.

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 Figure 8. Graphical Presentation of Home Ventilation

Table 8. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Home Ventilation

n=80

VENTILATION NUMBER PERCENTAGE

POOR 18 22.2%

GOOD 63 78.8%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

The majority, or 63 households (78.8%), of the respondents' ventilation is good,

while the other 18 households (22.2%) have poor ventilation.

Implication

The ventilation system is generally effective, with a majority indicating good

outcomes, while a minority report bad experiences. This suggests that while their

homes’ ventilation systems function well for most users, some may require improvement

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to address the concerns of those with negative feedback. Inadequate ventilation may

increase the risk of acquiring respiratory diseases, which has shown to be one of the

most concerning health problems in the Philippines.

Figure 9. Graphical Presentation of Home Lighting

Table 9. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Home Lighting

n=80

LIGHTING NUMBER Percentage

ADEQUATE 71 88.7%

INADEQUATE 9 11.3%

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

The data presented in Figure 9 highlights a promising trend in the accessibility of

lighting within the community of Pogo Chico, Dagupan City. With 88.7% of households

enjoying adequate lighting, it suggests a relatively high level of electrification and

economic stability within the area. However, the remaining 11.7% of households facing

inadequate lighting signifies a persistent challenge that requires attention.

Implication

During interviews with 80 families, it was found that 71 households (88.7%) in the

Pogo Chico area of Dagupan City have sufficient lighting, representing the majority.

These households can afford electricity and lighting due to their financial situation.

While many families have access to proper lighting, the expense of electricity can be a

burden, particularly for those with lower incomes. High electricity rates and installation

costs pose challenges for some individuals or communities in maintaining regular

access to lighting. The 9 households (11.3%) lacking adequate lighting may be cutting

costs by relying on natural sunlight, possibly because they prioritize other necessities

over purchasing lights.

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 FIGURE 10: Graphical Presentation of surroundings

Table 10: Frequency and distribution of surrounding

n=80

SURROUNDING NUMBER PERCENTAGE

CLEAN 65 81.2%

DIRTY 15 18.8%

Total 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 10 and Table 10 illustrate the cleanliness of the community's surroundings,

with 81.2% of the observed households, or 65, being clean, and 18.8% of the observed

dwellings, or 15 in total, having a dirty environment.

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Implication

This demonstrates that every home in the community has a clean environment, with

81.3% of the 80 total homes having this attribute. This indicates that the neighborhood

keeps up a healthy environment for cleanliness. Moreover, there may be a decreased

likelihood of contracting or acquiring any illnesses or diseases. Additionally, each

household in the community maintains a clean environment, which is something that all

members of the community need to observe.

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 FIGURE 11. Graphical Presentation of Source of Water Supply

TABLE 11. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Source of Water Supply

n=80

SOURCE OF WATER SUPPLY NUMBER PERCENTAGE

NAWASA 68 85%

ARTESIAN WELL 11 13%

DEEP WELL 1 2%

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

Figure 11 shows that a substantial majority of the population (85%) depends on

NAWASA for their water supply. This indicates that NAWASA is the primary and

possibly the most reliable source of water for the community. While artesian wells are

the next most common source at 13%, they are significantly less used than NAWASA.

The reliance on deep wells is minimal, with only one respondent (2%).

Implication

NAWASA as the primary and most reliable water source for the community shows

heavy dependence on a centralized water supply, which carries significant health

implications. In contrast to less regulated sources such as artesian and deep wells,

centralized systems like NAWASA likely provide better water safety and reduce the risks

of waterborne diseases. Centralized systems typically employ more stringent water

quality monitoring and treatment measures, as outlined in the World Health

Organization's Water Safety Plans (2011). These plans emphasize that centralized

water supply systems often offer more consistent and regulated water quality compared

to decentralized sources, resulting in a notable reduction in the prevalence of

waterborne infections.

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 FIGURE 12. Graphical Presentation of Storage of Drinking Water

TABLE 12. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Storage of Drinking Water

n=80

STORAGE OF DRINKING WATER NUMBER PERCENTAGE

REFRIGERATED 53 66%

COVERED 23 29%

UNCOVERED 4 5%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

Figure 12 presents that a significant proportion of households (66.3% or 53 out of 80

respondents) keep their potable water refrigerated. Moreover, 29% of the participants,

or 23 individuals, stated that they employ a covered method for water storage. Lastly, a

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minority of participants, precisely 5% or four individuals, indicated that their way of

storing drinking water is uncovered.

Implication

According to the data in Figure 12, it is clear that refrigerating potable water is a

common practice among the households surveyed. This suggests that the water

consumed by these households is safer than others because refrigeration helps to slow

down bacterial growth, as stated by USDA Food Safety and Inspection Services. In line

with this, the utilization of covered storage methods indicates a clear understanding of

the need to safeguard water from water pollutants. However, it appears that there is a

need for greater understanding regarding the vulnerability to contamination during

severe weather conditions, such as a high heat index. The Department of Health has

highlighted that these conditions can contribute to the rapid proliferation of harmful

microorganisms, potentially resulting in diarrheal disease. On the other hand, the small

number of respondents who choose not to use covered storage suggests a lack of

knowledge about the potential health hazards of exposing drinking water to pollutants.

This can lead to outbreaks of water-borne diseases, as stated by the Department of

Health in 2016.

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 FIGURE 13. Graphical Presentation of Containers Used

TABLE 13. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Containers Used

n=80

CONTAINERS USED NUMBER PERCENTAGE

PLASTIC 44 55%

BOTTLES 34 43%

CLAY JARS 1 1%

OTHERS 1 1%

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

Figure 13 shows the containers that were used for drinking water and it reveals that

the majority of people store their drinking water in plastic containers (55%), followed by

bottles (43%). However, only a small fraction of the population use clay jars (1%) and

other types of containers (1%). This indicates a heavy reliance on plastic for water

storage, with a significant portion also using bottles, while traditional and alternative

methods are scarcely used.

Implication

The data implies several key points. First, with 55% of people using plastic

containers for drinking water, there are potential health risks from chemical leaching,

especially if the plastic is low quality or exposed to heat. Additionally, the environmental

impact is significant, as plastic waste is a major concern due to its non-biodegradable

nature.

Second, the 43% using bottles might face bacterial contamination if these bottles are

reused without proper cleaning and sanitization. This practice could lead to waterborne

illnesses if not managed correctly. The very low usage of clay jars (1%) and other types

of containers (1%) indicates a shift away from traditional and potentially more

sustainable methods of water storage. Clay jars, for example, are typically safer and

more eco-friendly, but may be less convenient or accessible.

Overall, the reliance on plastic and bottles suggests a need for public health

campaigns to educate on safe usage practices and the benefits of alternative storage

solutions. Additionally, it highlights the importance of improving infrastructure to support

access to safer and more sustainable water storage options.

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 FIGURE 14. Graphical Presentation of Toilet Facilities (Sanitary)

FIGURE 14. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Toilet Facilities

(Sanitary)
n=92

TOILET FACILITIES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

OWNED 52 56%

FLUSH 34 37.1%

SHARED 5 5.2%

PIT PRIVY 1 1%

TOTAL 92 100%

Interpretation

The figure above shows the distribution of 80 responses across five categories

related to toilet systems. The categories are Owned, Flush, Shared, and Pit Privy.

Owned takes up the majority segment indicating that a big percentage of the responses

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(56%) fall into this category. Flush takes up the next big part, suggesting that a

significant portion of the responses (37.1%) prefer or use flush toilets. Moreover, the

Shared segment is small, indicating that a relatively small percentage of responses

likely (5.2%) use shared toilets. And Pit privy take up the smallest segments with

responses being only 1%. This indicates that these toilet systems are not common

among the respondents, and these are not preferred.

Overall, the majority of responses are concentrated in the Owned and Flush

category, with smaller portions in Pit Privy, and Shared categories. This indicates a

strong preference or prevalence of Owned toilets among the respondents. The majority

of responses are concentrated in the Owned and Flush categories, with very few in

Shared and Pit Privy.

Implication

Corresponding to the shown data in Figure 14, owned toilets are the majority kind of

toilets the people in the community have. This has several important health implications,

particularly when compared to shared or public sanitation facilities. It Reduces the Risk

of Infectious Diseases, owned toilets reduce the likelihood of spreading infectious

diseases, such as cholera, dysentery, and other gastrointestinal infections. These

diseases are often spread through contaminated surfaces and inadequate sanitation.

Moreover, It also minimizes Pathogen Exposure With fewer users, owned toilets have

less contamination and pathogen load compared to shared facilities. This reduces the

risk of disease transmission.

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 Figure 15. Graphical Presentation of Toilet Facilities (Unsanitary)

Table 15. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Toilet Facilities

(Unsanitary)
n=16

TOILET FACILITIES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

BALLOT SYSTEM 8 50%

N/A 8 50%

TOTAL 16 100%

Interpretation

The figure above presents a graphical representation of the toilet facilities in an

unsanitary condition, based on 16 responses. The data reveals that out of the 16

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responses, 50% have a ballot system for their toilet facilities, while the remaining 50%

do not have this system in place.

Implication

According to the data shown in Figure 15, the presence of a ballot system in half of

the surveyed facilities indicates an attempt to wrap the excreta in a piece of paper or

plastic and throw it away. On the other hand, the fact that half of the respondents

indicated that a ballot system is not applicable suggests a lack of proper management

and oversight. Without such a system in place, there is potential for misuse and neglect

of the facilities, leading to unsanitary conditions.

Furthermore, it highlights the importance of implementing effective systems and

protocols to ensure cleanliness and hygiene in public toilet facilities. It serves as a

reminder of the need for continuous monitoring and improvement in maintaining sanitary

conditions for all users.

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 Figure 16. Graphical Presentation of Garbage Disposal

Table 16: Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Garbage Disposal

n=80

GARBAGE DISPOSAL NUMBER PERCENTAGE

COLLECTION 70 87.6%

BURNING 6 7.5%

BURYING 3 3.7%

OPEN DUMPING 1 1.2%

GARBAGE CANS 0 0

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

Figure 16 shows that the majority of households, making up 70 families which is

87.6%, prefer garbage collection services for waste disposal. The second most common

method is burning, used by six households, or 7.5%. Burying waste is chosen by three

households with a percentage of 3.7%. Lastly, one family engaged in open dumping

with the percentage of 1.2%. No respondents reported using garbage cans as their

primary method, completing the study's total distribution.

Implication

The majority of households choose appropriate waste disposal techniques, such as

garbage pickup, demonstrating their willingness to comply with regulations and trust in

public sanitation services. Nevertheless, not all households dispose of waste properly.

Others might bury it, burn it, or throw it outside. The respondents do not primarily use

garbage cans, which indicates that improper disposal methods are used more

frequently. By identifying better solutions, such as providing public education, and by

demonstrating the significance of sustainable waste management techniques in

underserved areas, the implementation of education and regulation measures could

encourage a sustainable and ecologically friendly way of life. Overall, the findings show

that methods of appropriate waste management (collection) is preferred.

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 Figure 17. Graphical Presentation of Food Storage

Table 17. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Food Storage

n=80

FOOD STORAGE NUMBER PERCENTAGE

REFRIGERATED 44 55%

COVERED 35 43.8%

UNCOVERED 1 1.2%

TOTAL 80 100%

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Interpretation

Upon interviewing, a larger population of households in the community, which has a

percentage of 43.8%, or the equivalent of 35 households, uses covered materials as the

method of food storage. Furthermore, 55% of 80 homes, or 44 households, preferred

refrigeration as their method of food storage. Contrarily, with 1 household, or 1.25% of

the population, uncovered.

Implication

The study consisted of a survey, and about 1.25% of households had never received

training on food storage. Most households used refrigerators (55%), while others used

covered storage (43.8%). One of the main goals of community nurses is to secure food

safety. To achieve that, people in the community need to know that poisoning is

frequently caused by bacteria from foods that have been incorrectly stored, prepared,

handled, or cooked. Food contaminated with food poisoning bacteria may look, smell,

and taste normal. If food is not stored properly, the bacteria in it can multiply to

dangerous levels.

Page 39 of 131
 Figure 18. Graphical Presentation of the Presence of Animals

Table 18. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of the Presence of Animals

n=97

ANIMAL NUMBER PERCENTAGE

DOG 56 57.7%

CAT 32 33%

RABBIT 4 4.1%

OTHERS 3 3.1%

N/A 2 2.1%

TOTAL 97 100%

Interpretation

Page 40 of 131
 As illustrated in Figure 18, the majority of the households in the community have

dogs as their pets which has a percentage of 57.7%, 33% of the households owned

cats, and 4.1% of households owned rabbits. As for the other 3.1%, 1 family owned

ducks, 1 family owned chickens, and 1 family owned turtle. 2.1% of homes decided to

live animal-free.

Implication

Based on the data presented, most families in Brgy. Pogo Chico prefers to have

dogs in their households. Some of the reasons are that dogs make people feel safe

when they act as guard dogs, and they make people feel happy by improving their

emotional well-being. Following it, the next most popular pet in the household setting is

a cat. Owning a cat can bring unconditional love and companionship to your life. Having

a feline friend can also bring health benefits, helping to relieve stress and improve your

heart health. Four homes owned bunnies, one family owned ducks, one family owned

hens, and one family owned turtle. When compared to dogs and cats, these animals are

less prevalent, yet some of these provide eggs to eat, and some are for entertainment.

On the other hand, two households chose not to own any pets, suggesting that a small

percentage of respondents preferred to live without pets. Overall, this data sheds light

on the many kinds of pets that families own, with dogs being the most popular choice

and cats coming in second. Other pet varieties are less frequent. It also emphasizes the

variety of pet ownership choices, as some households choose to have no pets at all.

Page 41 of 131
 Figure 19.Graphical Presentation of Backyard Gardening

Table 19. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Backyard Gardening

n=68

BACKYARD GARDENING NUMBER PERCENTAGE

VEGETABLE 29 42.6%

HERBAL 8 11.8%

FRUIT-BEARING 20 29.4%

OTHERS 5 7.4%

N/A 6 8.8%

TOTAL 68 100%

Interpretation

Upon interviewing, figures show that the majority of households have backyard

gardening. A total of 29 responses or 42.6% have vegetables, other households also

Page 42 of 131
have herbal plants with a total of 8 or 11.8%, followed by fruit-bearing which has 20 or

29.4%. Moreover, the total number of households with other plants is 5 or 7.4%, and a

total of 6 or 8.8% of households do not have backyard gardening.

Implication

Based on the results, the high prevalence of vegetable gardens (42.6%), followed by

a significant interest in herbs (11.8%), suggests a potential shift towards homegrown

food production. While growing food is not always feasible for everyone, it offers a

range of potential benefits for health, the environment, and the community.

Firstly, we get to choose what goes in our food by avoiding pesticides, herbicides,

and other harmful chemicals that negatively affect our bodies and the environment.

Additionally, growing some of your food can lead to a decrease in food expenditure.

However, 6 households don’t have access to backyard gardening due to several factors,

such as living in apartments, lack of suitable outdoor space, or physical limitations that

prevent them from gardening. To address this, developing projects related to gardening

is recommended to ensure that the benefits of homegrown food are accessible to a

broader population, supporting health, environmental sustainability, and community

resilience.

Page 43 of 131
 Figure 20. Graphical Presentation of Health and Other Facilities

Table 20. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Health and Other Facilities
n=284

FACILITIES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

HEALTH CENTER 56 70%

BARANGAY HALL 48 60%

SCHOOL 32 40%

CHURCH 25 31.3%

PARK 15 18.8%

MARKET 25 31.3%

PRIVATE CLINIC 12 15%

PUBLIC HOSPITAL 43 53.8%

PRIVATE HOSPITAL 28 35%

TOTAL 284 355.2%

Page 44 of 131
Interpretation

Out of 80 respondents, 70% rely on the health center in their community. 60% of

households seek help from the barangay hall. Thirty-two respondents are still students,

twenty-five of them are active in church, fifteen respondents go to the park when they

are available, twenty-five respondents go to the market, twelve respondents, or 15% of

the population, go to the private clinic, forty-three respondents prefer to go to a public

hospital, and twenty-eight respondents go to a private hospital. One respondent prefers

self-medication.

Implication

The data suggests that community health centers and barangay halls are vital

support systems, with high reliance from 70% and 60% of respondents, respectively.

The significant number of students (32) and churchgoers (25) indicates key

demographics for targeted services. Recreational activities and market visits point to

these areas as potential venues for health outreach. Preferences for public hospitals

(43) over private ones (28), along with some opting for private clinics (12) , reflect varied

healthcare choices and potential areas for improving access and education on more

convenient healthcare options.

Page 45 of 131
Figure 21: Graphical Presentation of People Seeking Help from Indigenous Health
Workers

Table 21: Frequency Distribution and Percentage of People Seeking Help from
Indigenous Health Workers

n=97

INDIGENOUS HEALTH WORKER NUMBER PERCENTAGE

TRAINED “HILOT” 17 21.3%

“HERBULARYO” 13 16.3%

BARANGAY HEALTH WORKER 40 50%

UNTRAINED “HILOT” 11 13.8%

MEDICAL DOCTOR 6 7.7%

NONE 10 12.6%

TOTAL 97 121.7%

Page 46 of 131
Interpretation

With a total household of 80, 50% or 40 households seek help from barangay health

workers in their community, 21.3% or 17 households seek help from trained “hilot”,

16.3% or 13 households seek help from “herbularyo”, 13.8% or 11 households avail the

services of Untrained “hilot”, 12.6% or 10 households does not seek help from any

Indigenous health workers, and 7.7% or 6 households avail services from medical

doctors.

Implication

This implies that more than half of the surveyed population in the community seeks

help from health organizations for their health needs, less than half of the surveyed

population avails the services of the traditional health workers in their community, and

there are a few of them do not seek help for their needs in health resources and prefer

to do nothing.

Page 47 of 131
 Figure 22. Graphical Presentation of Source of Health Funds

Table 22. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Sources of Health Funds

n=80

SOURCES OF HEALTH NUMBER PERCENTAGE

FUNDS

GOVERNMENT 57 71.3%

PRIVATE 15 18.8%

NGOs/POs 4 5%

NONE 4 4.9%

TOTAL 80 100%

Interpretation

The figure above illustrates the percentage of Sources of Health Funds. The result

shows the Government is the Source of Health Funds in the community with a

Page 48 of 131
percentage of 71.3 or 57 households followed by Private with a percentage of 18.8 or

15 households. The NGOs/POs with a percentage of 5% or 4 households followed by

None with a percentage of 4.9 or 4 households.

Implications

The figure implies that most of the families’ source of health funds relies on the

government. The government has an important role in providing health funds in the

community, especially the public sector is generally funded through taxes, and Health

care in the Philippines is managed by the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation

(PhilHealth). It was created to deliver universal health insurance exclusively for all

Filipinos, and followed by Private that depend on their income as a source of health

funds.

Page 49 of 131
 Figure 23. Graphical Presentation of Food Preference

Table 23. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Food Preferences

n=107

FOOD PREFERENCE NUMBER PERCENTAGE

MIXED 63 78.8%

FRUITS 19 23.8%

FISH 16 20%

MEAT 9 11.3%

TOTAL 107 133.9%

Interpretation

The data presents the food preferences of 80 households, 16 out of 80 respondents

(20%) prefer fish, 19 out of 80 respondents (23.8%) prefer fruits and vegetables, 9 out

of 80 respondents (11.3%) prefer meat, and 63 out of 80 respondents (78.8%) have a

preference for a mixed diet. These percentages reflect that the majority of respondents,

Page 50 of 131
78.8%, prefer a mixed diet that likely includes various combinations of fish, fruits,

vegetables, and meat. The remaining preferences are for specific food groups, with

fruits and vegetables being the most preferred (23.8%) among these specific

categories.

Implication

The data implies that a significant majority of households (78.8%), prefer a diverse

diet that suggests a balanced nutritional approach among the households. Among those

who prefer specific food groups, fruits and vegetables are the most popular, followed by

fish and then meat. This information implies that while there is a strong inclination

towards varied diets, a notable portion of households still prioritizes plant-based options

over animal-based ones when considering specific food categories. This trend might

reflect growing health consciousness or environmental considerations among

households.

Page 51 of 131
 Figure 24: Graphical Presentation of Common Food Eaten

Table 24. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Common Food Eaten

n=

Common Frequency Distribution Percentage

Rice and Egg 66 82.5 %

Rice and Noodles 21 26.3%

Rice and Sardines 29 36.3%

Bread 2 2%

Rice and Hotdogs 1 1%

Matinong pagkain 1 1%

TOTAL 120 149.1%

Interpretation

The data above shows the number of Common Food preferences of each

household. 66 out of 80 households prefer Rice and Egg as their common food

preference, 21 out of 80 households prefer Rice and Noodles, 29 out of 80 prefer Rice

Page 52 of 131
and Sardines, 2 out of 80 households prefer Bread, and lastly, 1 out of 80 prefer Rice

and Hotdogs and Matinong Pagkain.

Implication

Most households in Pogo Chico prefer rice meal with egg, noodles, and sardines as

their common food preference. Rice is a central part of Filipino cuisine and food is often

considered incomplete without rice. This cultural preference is passed down through

generations, making rice an integral part of daily life. It is a good source of

carbohydrates, which are essential for energy. In a place where many people engage in

physically demanding work, foods high in energy play a key role in allowing them to

continue their work.

Page 53 of 131
 Figure 25: Graphical Presentation of Presence of Nutritional Disorder (Goiter)

Table 25. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Presence of Nutritional

Disorder (Goiter)
n=21

NUTRITIONAL DISORDER NUMBER PERCENTAGE

ENLARGEMENT OF THE NECK 1 4.7%

DYSPHAGIA 1 4.7%

NONE 19 90.5%

TOTAL 21 100%

Interpretation

The data from the family interviews indicates that among the 80 respondents, a total

of 21 or 4.7% have markedly associated with Goiter, 1 reported enlargement of the neck

and 1 reported dysphagia, while 19 marked 'N/A,'. This disease is most commonly

caused by an iodine shortage. Iodine is required by the body to make thyroid hormone.

If your diet is deficient in iodine, your thyroid will enlarge in an attempt to absorb as

much iodine as possible so that it can produce the proper quantity of thyroid hormone.

Page 54 of 131
Implication

The data shows that Barangay Pogo Chico has a particularly low prevalence of

goiter, with 21 reported cases accounting for 4.7% of the population. Goiter is a

condition where your thyroid gland grows larger. Your entire thyroid can grow larger or it

can develop one or more small lumps called thyroid nodules. This high prevalence rate

suggests a potential iodine deficiency or environmental factors contributing to thyroid

dysfunction in the area. Immediate public health interventions, such as iodine

supplementation and further investigation into dietary patterns and environmental

conditions, are critical to address and mitigate this significant health concern.

Page 55 of 131
 Figure 26. Graphical Presentation of Nutritional Disorder (Anemia Symptoms)

Table 26. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Nutritional Disorder (Anemia

Symptoms)
n=19

ANEMIA NUMBER PERCENTAGE

BODY WEAKNESS 17 89.5%

EASY FATIGABILITY 9 47.4%

PALLOR 2 10.5%

TOTAL 19 147.4%

Interpretation

The number of homes with anemia is depicted in Figure 26 above. Out of the 19

respondents, 17 or 89.5% suffer bodily weakness; the remaining 9 or 47.4% experience

easy fatigability; and the remaining 2, or 10.5% have pallor.

Page 56 of 131
Implication

According to the Mayo Clinic (2023), the lack of sufficient hemoglobin or healthy red

blood cells to deliver oxygen to the body's tissues is known as anemia. The molecule

called hemoglobin, which is present in red blood cells, transports oxygen from the lungs

to every other organ in the body. Breathlessness, weakness, and exhaustion are all

possible effects of anemia.

Anemia comes in a variety of types, each has a distinct reason. Anemia may be

acute or chronic. There are modest to severe variations. Anemia may indicate a more

serious medical condition, and treatments may include medical procedures or the use of

vitamins. Certain types of anemia may be avoided by eating a balanced diet. The

information from above illustrates the symptoms that the individuals encounter. This

demonstrates that the early signs and symptoms of anemia—pallor, easily fatigued, and

physical weakness—are indeed experienced by the respondents.

Page 57 of 131
 Figure 27. Graphical Presentation of Vitamin A Deficiency

Table 27. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Vitamin A Deficiency

n=12

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY NUMBER PERCENTAGE

NONE 10 83.3%

CATARACT 1 8.3%

“PILAK SA MATA” 1 8.3%

NIGHT BLINDNESS 0 0%

TOTAL 12 99.9%

Interpretation

The data presented in Figure and Table 27 illustrates the Vitamin A deficiency status

among residents of Pogo Chico. A significant majority, accounting for 83.3% of

respondents, do not exhibit signs of Vitamin A deficiency. However, the figures also

reveal that a small proportion, comprising 8.3% (16.6% combined) of the sample,

present symptoms such as cataracts or "pilak sa mata," indicating potential vitamin A

Page 58 of 131
deficiencies. Notably, none of the respondents reported experiencing night blindness,

suggesting either effective preventative measures or a low prevalence of this symptom

in the community.

Implication

The DOST-FNRI survey in 2021 revealed that 16.9% of residents in rural areas are

deficient in vitamin A. The implication of Figure and Table 27 shows that 2 out of 12

(16.6%) residents in Pogo Chico suffer from vitamin A deficiency; this data reflects the

need for targeted interventions in specific communities. It also illustrates that the

availability of eye healthcare services needs to be improved.

Page 59 of 131
FIGURE 28. Graphical Presentation of Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices

of Family (Do you utilize the Health Center?)

TABLE 28. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Health Knowledge, Attitude,

and Practices of Family

n = 80

FAMILY THAT UTILIZE THE NUMBER PERCENTAGE

HEALTH CENTER

YES 58 72%

NO 22 28%

TOTAL 80 100%

Page 60 of 131
Interpretation

Figure and Table 28 above show the graphical presentation, Frequency Distribution

and Percentage of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding the Health Center

utilization of the family. The data revealed that the family that answered 'Yes' accounted

for 58 out of 80 respondents or 72% of the total population, on the other hand, the

family that answered 'No' accounted for a total of 22 out of 80 or 28% of the population.

Implication

According to the National Association of Community Health Centers, health centers

improve the health and well-being of marginalized communities while empowering

people to actively participate in resolving problems specific to their needs and

communities.

The graph implies that most of the families in this community utilize the health center

and this presents community awareness of the services provided by their local health

center. The majority of families also see the health center as a reliable place to seek

care, yet healthcare delivery still needs improvement as 28% of the population still

avoids the health center.

Page 61 of 131
 Figure 29. Graphical Presentation of Services Utilized in the Barangay Health
Office

Table 29. Frequency and Relative Frequency of Services Utilized in the Barangay
Health Office
n=96
SERVICES NUMBER PERCENTAGE

ILLNESS 50 89.29%

PRENATAL 10 17.86%

FAMILY PLANNING 5 8.93%

POSTNATAL 5 8.93%

DENTAL 11 19.64%

NUTRITION 15 26.79%

TOTAL 96 162.51%

Interpretation

Page 62 of 131
 Figure 29 above shows the data on service usage at the barangay health office of

the residents of Pogo Chico, indicating a majority of 89.29% of interviewed residents

use it for illnesses, 26.79% use it for nutrition services, and 19.64% for dental services.

Lower usage rates are observed for prenatal care (17.86%), postnatal care (8.93%),

and family planning (8.93%). This suggests a higher demand for general illness

treatment and nutritional support than maternal and family planning services.

Implication

The data on service usage at the barangay health office reveals a critical need for

comprehensive medical care. Among 56 respondents, 89.29% sought services for

illness-related issues, underscoring the demand for general medical care—additionally,

26.79% utilized nutrition services, highlighting the importance of dietary support.

However, lower utilization rates for prenatal (17.86%), postnatal (8.93%), and family

planning (8.93%) services indicate a need to increase awareness and accessibility of

maternal and child health services.

Furthermore, the 19.64% usage rate for dental services reflects ongoing concerns

about dental health. To effectively address these needs, the barangay health office

should enhance illness-related services by allocating more resources and staff.

Expanding nutritional support by strengthening dietary programs is also essential.

Promoting maternal and child health through increased outreach, education, and mobile

clinics or community workshops will help raise awareness and accessibility. Focusing on

these areas will ensure that the health office can provide accessible, comprehensive,

and responsive care to the community.

Page 63 of 131
Figure 30: Graphical Presentation of First Person Consulted in Times of Illness

TABLE 30. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of First Person Consulted in

Times of Illness
n=80
FIRST PERSON IN NUMBER PERCENTAGE
TIMES OF ILLNESS

M.D 34 42.5%

NURSES 8 10%

MIDWIFE 0 0

HILOT 5 6.25%

HERBULARYO 7 8.75%

BHW 24 30%

MOTHER 2 2.5%

TOTAL 80 100%

Page 64 of 131
Interpretation

Figure 30 shows that medical doctors have the highest rate of being the first person

to consult in times of illness, and they account for 42.5% of the total population, which

indicates a high trust in formal medical practices. Being second to the highest rate,

nurses were also to be the first person to consult in times of illness and account for 10%

of the total population. 8.75% of the total population consults a herbalist, and 6.25% of

the total population consults a massage therapist, which indicates a notable reliance.

Barangay health workers (BHWs) are consulted for primary health care by 30% of the

population, indicating the importance of their role and accessibility. 2.5% of the total

population consults their mother, and no respondent consults midwives.

Implication

The data from Figure 30 reveals a complex healthcare landscape with a strong trust

in formal medical practices, as 42.5% of respondents consult medical doctors first.

Barangay Health Workers are also crucial, with 30% turning to them due to their

accessibility. Traditional healers like Herbularyos (8.75%) and Hilots (6.25%) remain

significant, reflecting ongoing cultural practices. Minimal consultation of mothers (2.5%)

and the absence of midwife consultations indicate a preference for professional or

community-based health services over traditional, non-formal practitioners. This

underscores the need to integrate modern and traditional healthcare providers to

effectively meet the population's diverse and complex health needs.

Page 65 of 131
 FIGURE 31. Graphical Presentation of Intervention for Usual Illness

TABLE 31. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Intervention for Usual

Illness
n=107

Illness Number Percentage

Self-medication 58 72.5%

Consultation 24 30%

Hospital 12 15%

Nurses 8 10%

Private Clinics 5 6.3%

Total 107 133.8%

Interpretation

Figure and Table 31 shows that 58 responses or 72.5% out of total responses

engage in self-medication, 24 responses or 30% prefer consulting a healthcare

provider, 12 responses or 15% seek treatments at hospitals, 8 responses or 10% rely

Page 66 of 131
on nurses for their healthcare needs, and 5 responses or 6.3% out of total responses

visit private clinics.

Implication

Overall, Figure and Table 31 reveal a predominant reliance on self-medication

among the group, with professional medical consultation being the next most common

choice. The least favored options are private clinics, hospitals, and nurses, which might

reflect barriers related to cost, accessibility, or perceived necessity. Reluctance to seek

care from professionals also indicates a problem regarding the delivery and quality of

care they receive. Therefore, this poses an issue since self-medication is not always

effective, and it can sometimes cause more harm than good.

Page 67 of 131
 FIGURE 32. Graphical Presentation of Other Usual Illness

TABLE 32. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Other Usual Illness

n=16

Other Diseases Number Percentage

TB 0 0%

Leprosy 0 0%

Skin disease 2 12.5%

Hepatitis 1 6.3%

None 9 56.3%

Hypertension 1 6.3%

Cataract 1 6.3%

Gastroenteritis 1 6.3%

Asthma 1 6.3%

TOTAL 16 100%

Page 68 of 131
Interpretation

From the data obtained from Figure and Table 32 shows that the other diseases

encountered by adults for the past two years were: Skin disease, Hepatitis,

Hypertension, Cataract, Gastroenteritis, and Asthma; Skin disease has affected 2

families (12.5%), no other usual illness has affected 9 families (56.3%). There were no

affected families with TB and Leprosy (0%). Meanwhile, Hepatitis has affected 1 family

(6.3%), as well as Hypertension (6.3%), Cataract (6.3%), Gastroenteritis (6.3%), and

Asthma (6.3%). 56.3% of the total population has not experienced any usual illnesses in

the past two years.

Implication

The most common other illness experienced by the residents in the community is

skin disease with 12.5%. Despite this, a large number of the population, or 56.3% of the

residents hasn’t experienced any other usual illnesses in the past two years. Skin

disease is prevalent in tropical climates, developing countries, people with poor

hygiene, and polluted areas (De Goma et al., 2020). The cleanliness of the environment

may need to be improved in order to minimize the presence of skin disease triggers.

This may include insects, dirt, pollution, and more.

Page 69 of 131
 FIGURE 33. Graphical Presentation of Immunization

Table 33. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Immunization

n=32

Immunization Number Percentage

BCG 8 25%

DPT 8 25%

OPV 8 25%

AM 8 25%

TOTAL 32 100%

Interpretation

Figure and Table 33 above shows the frequency distribution and percentage of the

respondents' submission of children (0-12mos) for immunization. The data unveils that

the children having BCG vaccine has accounted for a total of 8 out of 32 or 25% of the

total population, DPT vaccine having also a total of 8 out of 32 or 25% of the total

population, OPV vaccine has again accounted for a total of 8 out of 32 or 25% of the

Page 70 of 131
total population, AM vaccine making up the remaining 8 out of 32 or 25% of the total

population.

Implication

The data shows that there's an equal distribution of immunizations across the four

types: BCG, DPT, OPV, and AM. Each type of immunization accounts for 25% of the

total number, indicating a balanced approach to vaccination within the population or

dataset represented. Proper vaccination of infants and children lead to a healthier

community overall. Brgy. Pogo Chico residents are aware of the need to immunize their

children, and this shows competency in the care of the well-being of their family and

also proper dissemination of pediatric healthcare information.

Page 71 of 131
 FIGURE 34. Graphical Presentation of Family Planning

TABLE 34. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Family Planning

n=60

FAMILY PLANNING Number Percentage

YES 25 41.7%

NO 35 58.3%

TOTAL 60 100%

Interpretation

Figure and Table 34 above unveils that there are 41.7% or 25 out of 60 families who

are practicing family planning while there are 58.3% or 35 out of 60 families who do not

practice family planning. Other families, such as single parent families, did not respond

as they had no need for such services.

Implication

Page 72 of 131
 In line with the gathered data, the majority of the respondent families do not

practice Family Planning. It is evident in the data shown that 58.3% of the 60 families do

not utilize family planning. Some people may be unaware of the value of family planning

or the accessibility of contraceptive options. Unwanted births may result from a lack of

knowledge about reproductive health and contraception. This poses a risk for

overpopulation and also pollution due to the increased amount of waste associated with

an increase in population.

Page 73 of 131
Figure 35 A. Graphical Presentation of Natural Methods

Figure 35 B. Graphical Presentation of Artificial Methods

Page 74 of 131
 Figure 36 C. Graphical Presentation of Surgical Methods

Table 35. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Family Planning Methods

NATURAL METHOD NUMBER PERCENTAGE

WITHDRAWAL 1 4.76%

ABSTINENCE 6 28.56%

CALENDAR 1 4.76%

ARTIFICIAL METHOD

CONDOM 5 23.8%

IUD 1 4.76%

PILLS 1 4.76%

INJECTIBLE (DEPO) 0 0%

Surgical Method

LIGATIONS(BTL) 0 0%

VASECTOMY 0 0%

N/A 6 28.56%

TOTAL 21 100%

Page 75 of 131
Interpretation

Based on the data shown in Figures 35 A, B, C, and Table 35 In the Natural Method

of Family Planning, 4.76 or one family engages into the withdrawal natural method.

28.56 or 6 families practice abstinence as a natural method. While one family or 4.76%

uses the calendar method.

Moreover, in the artificial method of family planning, 5 families, or 23.8% use condoms.

Another resulted in 4.76% or 1 family who takes pills as an artificial method of family

planning. Again 4.76% or one family uses IUD as an artificial method of family planning.

As for the surgical method, none had chosen who had used a surgical method as a

way of family planning. And 6 families had no family planning methods which resulted in

28.56%.

Implication

It is very prominent in the data shown that 28.56% of the 21 families who agreed on

the usage of family planning opted for abstinence. Abstinence means avoiding all types

of intimate genital contact. Abstinence as a family planning method involves avoiding

sexual intercourse altogether, particularly during fertile periods, to prevent pregnancy.

Abstinence as a family planning method is promoted and practiced in the Philippines,

particularly within the context of natural family planning (NFP) programs. The

Philippines is a predominantly Catholic country, and religious and cultural values

strongly influence attitudes towards sexuality and contraception.

Abstinence, particularly before marriage and during certain periods of a woman's

menstrual cycle, is often encouraged as a form of family planning aligned with religious

teachings. Natural family planning methods, including abstinence, involve monitoring a

Page 76 of 131
woman's menstrual cycle to identify fertile and non-fertile days, thereby allowing couples

to avoid sexual intercourse during fertile periods when pregnancy is more likely.

The Philippine government, through the Department of Health (DOH), implements

various family planning programs that encompass both natural and modern

contraceptive methods to address the country's population growth and improve

maternal and child health outcomes. These programs aim to provide access to

comprehensive reproductive health services, including information and education on

family planning methods, counseling, and the provision of contraceptives.

However, it's essential to note that the promotion and practice of abstinence as a

family planning method in the Philippines can be influenced by various factors, including

cultural beliefs, socioeconomic status, access to education and healthcare services, and

individual or community preferences.

Page 77 of 131
 FIGURE 36. Graphical Presentation of Methods for Infant Feeding Methods

TABLE 36. Frequency and Distribution and Percentage of Infant Feeding Methods

n=22

METHODS NUMBER PERCENTAGE

BREAST 13 59.1%

BOTTLE 4 18.2%

MIXED (BREAST & BOTTLE) 5 22.7%

TOTAL 22 100%

Interpretation

Figure and Table 36 above shows the distribution of frequencies and percentages of

newborn feeding methods. Out of 80 households that have been interviewed, 22 of

them only have an infant. The data indicate that the breastfeeding method has the

Page 78 of 131
highest percentage, accounting for 13 out of 22 or 59.1% of the total population. The

bottle-feeding methods have accounted for 4 out of 22 or 18.2% of the total population;

furthermore, the mixed breast and bottle-feeding method has accounted for 5 out of 22

or 22.7% of the total population.

Implication

According to PhilHealth in 2011, breastmilk contains various nutrients and minerals

such as the right amount of fat, sugar, water, and protein, for the infant to continue to

grow and be able to protect the infant from various illnesses.

As displayed in Table 36, breast milk has the highest rate of being used in Barangay

Pogo Chico, as this can be easier for the parents, especially the moms, as it doesn't

require anything like bottles and bottle nipples. This will also help them to be efficient,

as they will not be sterilizing bottles and bottle nipples. When it comes to being

economical, breastfeeding saves parents the worry regarding their money as they will

not be buying formula milk and supplies, which could lessen their expenses. The table

also implies that 4 households use the bottle-feeding method and 5 households that use

the mixed-feeding method for their infants.

Page 79 of 131
FIGURE 37. Graphical Presentation of Subjects that the Citizens Want to Learn in
Health Education

TABLE 37. Frequency Distribution and Percentage of Subjects the Citizens Want
to Learn in Health Education

SUBJECTS NUMBER PERCENTAGE

DRUG ABUSE 20 29%

NUTRITION 40 58%

FAMILY PLANNING 23 33%

HERBAL PLANTS 24 34.8%

FIRST AID MEASURE 42 60.9%

TOTAL 149 215.7 %

Page 80 of 131
Interpretation

Figure and Table 37 above show the distribution frequency and the percentage of

subjects that they wish to study in health education. 69 out of 80 households want to

learn about health education. It can be seen that 20 out of 69 or 29% of the population

expressed interest in studying drug abuse. 40 out of 69 or 58% are interested in

nutrition, and 23 out of 69 respondents, or 33% want to learn about family planning. 24

out of 69 respondents or 34.8 are interested in herbal plants and 42 out of 69

respondents or 60.9% in the same population are keen on studying first aid measures.

Implication

This section shows the different kinds of subjects that they want to learn in health

education, which include drug abuse, nutrition, family planning, herbal plants, and first

aid measures. Table 37 shows that first aid measures and nutrition are the subjects that

the citizens of Barangay Pogo Chico want to learn in health education. With first aid

measures having the highest rate among the other subjects, this implies that the

families want to gather more information and knowledge about first aid measures for

them to be able to prevent the situations from becoming worse. As for nutrition coming

in second with the highest rate among the other subjects, this suggests that the families

wish to increase their understanding of nutrition and food choices, as doing so may help

them achieve better health results.

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 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter includes the summary of the study, the formulated community

diagnosis, the conclusion made, and recommendations of the study.

SUMMARY

The study's objective is to identify the specific health problems in Barangay Pogo

Chico, Dagupan City, and to determine the various health needs that exist to help the

community prevent these problems from worsening. Therefore, prioritizing the identified

health problems in Barangay Pogo Chico is essential.

When conducting the community health assessment, the researchers used

questionnaires to obtain the data necessary to validate and support the study. The

research approach for this study is a descriptive quantitative study (descriptive

normative study), wherein the researcher will gather information to generate data,

describe the object of the study, and analyze the object of the study to identify ways to

improve the problem in the study. The research population includes 80 household

families from Barangay Pogo Chico, Dagupan City.

Out of 80 household families that have been interviewed, nuclear families accounted

for 62.5% of the total population, and 37.5% of the total population accounted for

extended families.

With the rate of employment having the highest percentage rate. In the population,

most of the people in the community are employed, with a percentage of 47.5%.

However, unemployment made an impact on the community, with a percentage of 35%.

Page 82 of 131
 The majority of the monthly income of the families that were interviewed in the

community was more than PHP 8,000, with a percentage of 47.5% of the total

population. When it comes to the food that the population consumes, more than PHP 70

holds the highest percentage rate for about 90% of the population. About 53.8% of the

population buys their clothing three times a year, which holds the highest percentage of

time spent buying clothing.

The housing of each family shows that 97.5% of the total population has access to

water, which appears to be coming from NAWASA, which holds the highest source of

water supply used in the community and accounts for 85% of the total population. Each

household also has access to electricity, which accounts for 100% of the total

population, and only 31.3% of the total population has access to telephones. In

Barangay Pogo Chico, public schools have the highest percentage rate, accounting for

about 61.3% of the population, while private schools only have 38.7% of the population.

Concrete material type of housing has accounted for about 48.8% of the population

which is also the highest percentage in the Barangay Pogo Chico. 78.8% of the total

population has good ventilation while 22.5% of the population has poor ventilation which

contributes to their surroundings being clean, which accounts for 81.3% of the

population, and dirty surroundings account for 18.8% of the population. The percentage

of lighting for households shows that 88.8% of the total population has adequate

lighting.

For storage of drinking water, the refrigerator has the highest percentage rate which

accounts for 66.3% of the total population, while, for the containers used for drinking

water, plastic has the highest percentage rate which accounts for 55% of the total

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population. The percentage of toilet facilities shows that 65% of the total population has

owned toilets and 42.5% uses toilets with a flush. However, in the Barangay Pogo

Chico, 8 households use the "Ballot" system. For garbage disposal, about 87.5% of the

total population shows that their garbage is being collected through municipal garbage

collection.

At the largest rate, 55% of the population or households own a refrigerator for food

storage. Only 69, or 86.25%, of the 80 households we spoke with had an animal, with

dogs having the largest percentage which is 83.6%. Only 60% of the eighty households

do backyard gardening, and 60.4% of them cultivate vegetables in their backyards

which is the highest percentage. When ill, 70% of the population visit health centers,

which have the greatest rate; 60% visit barangay hall, which is the second-highest

proportion; and 53.8% of people visit public hospitals, which is the third-highest

percentage. When people are ill, 50% of the population approach barangay health

workers (BHW) which have the highest percentage, while the second-highest number or

percentage which is 21.3% of the population, goes to a trained “hilot”. The largest

percentage of people, 71.3%, receive their health funding from the government.

The percentage of food preference for each family shows that 78.8% of the total

population preferred mixed food and about 82.5% of the population chose rice and egg

for the common foods they preferred. In the presence of Nutritional Disorder specifically

in goiter, there are 1 each or 4.8% of the total population who has the symptoms of

enlargement of the neck and dysphagia, however, 90.4% of the population doesn't have

any symptoms that relate to goiter. In the presence of nutritional disorder in anemia, the

symptom of body weakness has the highest percentage which is 89.5%. However, 75%

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of the total population doesn’t experience vitamin A deficiency. There are also other

nutritional disorders such as hypertension, astigmatism, and diabetes.

In utilizing health centers, out of 80 households 58, or 72.5% answered yes, and 22

respondents, or 27.5 answered no. When it comes to services, illnesses have the

highest percentage which is 89.3%. The first person that the respondents consulted in

times of illness is the medical doctors who have 42.5%, followed by BHW which has

30%.

The percentage of Usual Illness in the Family shows how to treat their sicknesses,

72.5% use self-medication which has the highest total population, while Consultation is

30% of the total population. About 15% choose hospitals to treat their sickness, while

10% of the total population goes to nurses. And the lowest percentage 6.3% was in

Private Clinics. The percentage of other diseases of the family in barangay Pogo Chico

shows that the highest percentage was 56.4% of the population that doesn't have any

diseases. About 6.3% of the population are skin diseases, gastroenteritis, asthma, and

hepatitis. The TB and Leprosy measures have a 0% percentage.

The percentage of the children immunized from 0-12 months shows that 100% of the

population responded and were given a BCG, DPT, OPV, and AM immunization for the

children 0-12 months. The percentage of families that practice family Planning shows

that 58.3% of the total population answered “no” to practicing family planning. However,

41.7% of the total population responded yes to practicing family planning.

The percentage of the method of the family in practicing family planning shows that

28.5 % of the total population uses abstinence. About 23.8% of the population uses

condoms for contraception. However, 12.8% of the population uses contraception (pills).

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About 4.8% of the population is not in a relationship and about 4.8% of the total

population uses withdrawal. While 23.8% of the population doesn’t practice family

planning.

The percentage of infant feeding methods shows that 59.1% of the total population

is breastfed. The rate of first aid measures has the highest percentage; about 60.9% of

the population is willing to learn at their preferred seminar.

Page 86 of 131
 CONCLUSION

The comprehensive analysis of Barangay Pogo Chico community health data

provides insightful information about healthcare practices, service utilization, and

community educational needs. The data emphasizes how widely the community health

center is used and how important a role it plays in delivering healthcare to the local

population. Nonetheless, there are clear disparities in the use of family planning and

maternity care, suggesting that focused initiatives are required to improve the public's

knowledge and engagement with these essential services.

A comprehensive review of the community's most common illnesses also provides

insight into common health conditions like asthma, hepatitis, high blood pressure,

cataracts, gastroenteritis, and skin problems. Also, with a high percentage of

self-medication in the community, this highlights how the community's health

requirements are diverse and calls for an all-encompassing approach to healthcare

delivery.

In terms of healthcare-seeking behavior, the data indicates a preference for formal

medical practices, with a large percentage of respondents seeking medical doctors first

during illnesses. In addition, barangay health workers are essential to the delivery of

healthcare because of their dependability and accessibility to the community. Although

there is continued interest in midwives, traditional healers are not as frequently

consulted, suggesting a preference for professional or community-based health

services.

Additionally, the data on vaccination rates show a fair distribution of different vaccine

types, emphasizing a population-wide approach to vaccination. This emphasizes how

Page 87 of 131
important immunization campaigns are to stopping the spread of infectious illnesses

and preserving public health, especially for newborns. Furthermore, it's evident that the

community is interested in health education and is interested in learning about a variety

of health-related topics, such as drug abuse, nutrition, family planning, and first aid.

In conclusion, improving the overall health outcomes and well-being of Barangay

Pogo Chico residents involves addressing the gaps in health service utilization that

have been identified, encouraging integration between traditional and modern

healthcare practices, and putting comprehensive health education initiatives into place.

To develop lasting solutions and promote holistic health and wellness, community

members, healthcare providers, and local authorities must work together.

Page 88 of 131
 COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

Upon thorough analysis and processing of the collected data, the community where

the students of Level 3 BSN block 1 surveyed is a health-promoting environment.

Although there are some notable disparities in unsanitary Toilet Facilities, it is shown

that the community was involved in a multifaceted approach that addresses various

social, economic, and environmental determinants of health as evidenced by how they

execute their waste management, food storage, and how they greatly made use of

available healthcare services within the area. The community also gave significant

insights into healthcare practices, service utilization, and educational needs. By

addressing service gaps and a comprehensive healthcare approach, we can

furthermore strengthen healthcare delivery and promote health education.

It is shown that collaboration among community members, healthcare providers,

and local authorities is vital to developing sustainable solutions and promoting holistic

health and wellness.

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 IDENTIFIED HEALTH PROBLEMS

A. SUMMARY OF IDENTIFIED HEALTH PROBLEMS

LIST OF HEALTH PROBLEMS NATURE OF PROBLEM

1) Aversion to Local Health Center 1) Health Resources

2) Inadequate/ Lack of Health Knowledge 2) Health-Related

3) Body Weakness 3) Health Status

4) Prevalent Self-Medication 4) Health-Related

5) Improper Garbage Disposal 5) Health-Related

B. COMPUTING AND JUSTIFYING SCORES OF HEALTH PROBLEMS

Problem: Aversion to Local Health Center

Ranking: 1st

Criteria Standards Score Weight Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of the Health Status 3 Local Health Center is

Problem Health Resources 2 1 0.67 considered a health
Health-Related 1 resource problem.

2. Magnitude of 75-100% affected 4 70% of respondents

the Problem 50-75% affected 3 3 2.25 rely on the health
25-49% affected 2 center in the
>25% affected 1 community.

3. Modifiability of High 3 The community has

the Problem Moderate 2 4 4 the necessary
Low 1 resources needed to
Not Modifiable 0 improve healthcare
delivery and orient
locals regarding
available health
resources within their
community

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4. Preventive High 3 Preventing Aversion to
Potential Moderate 2 1 1 Local Health Centers
Low 1 can be done by
addressing underlying
reasons and finding
ways to make the
experience more
positive. Learning
about the service
offered, and seeking
recommendations can
help build confidence
in the facility and staff.

5. Social Concern Urgent 2 Aversion to local

Not Urgent 1 1 1 health centers is a
Not a Concern 0 problem and is
considered an urgent
community concern.
Prioritizing health is
important, and finding
a healthcare provider
and facility where
locals feel comfortable
and respected is the
key. Proactive steps to
address aversion are
necessary.

Total Score 8.92

Problem Interpretation

Upon data collection, the researchers identified Aversion to Local Health Center as a

community health resource problem. Since the majority portion of the community uses

services rendered by the health center, the magnitude of the problem scored 2.25.

Meanwhile, the modifiability of the problem scored 4 since the community can explore

the different ways to reduce the aversion towards their local healthcare center.

Furthermore, preventive potential scored 1 for the community is likely to prevent this

from happening if full cooperation and participation were achieved. Lastly, confidence in

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Healthcare facilities and staff are crucial to the locals and considered as an urgent

problem therefore Social concern scored 1. The overall total was 8.92.

Nature of the problem: Health Resources - ( ⅔) x 1 = 0.67

Magnitude of the Problem: (3/4) x 3= 2.25

Modifiability of the Problem: (3/3) x 4 = 4

Preventive Potential: (3/3) x 1= 1

Social concern: ( 2/2) x 1 = 1

Total: 8.92

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Problem: Inadequate/ Lack of Health Knowledge

Ranking: 2nd

Criteria Standards Score Weight Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of the Health Status 3 The issue is the lack of

Problem Health 2 1 0.33 proper knowledge
Resources 1 about different health
Health-Related emergencies. This is
considered to be
health-related as it can
exacerbate
illness-inducing
situations in the
community.

2. Magnitude of 75-100% affected 4 The magnitude of the

the Problem 50-75% affected 3 3 2.25 problem falls under
25-49% affected 2 50-74%. Data gathered
>25% affected 1 from the residents of
Brgy. Pogo Chico
shows that 60.9% of
respondents expressed
interest in first aid when
asked about topics that
concern them.

3. Modifiability High 3 The potential for

of the Problem Moderate 2 4 4 addressing this problem
Low 1 is high because
Not Modifiable 0 increasing health
knowledge can be
achieved relatively
easily through seminars
or workshops.

4. Preventive High 3 The preventive

Potential Moderate 2 1 1 potential of addressing
Low 1 this issue is significant,
as there is a strong
willingness within the
community to gain
health knowledge. This
suggests a high
likelihood of active

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 participation in
educational initiatives.

5. Social Urgent 2 The level of social

Concern Not Urgent 1 1 0.5 concern regarding this
Not a Concern 0 issue is moderate.
While the community
recognizes the problem
with their lack of
knowledge, they do not
perceive it as an
immediate concern.

Total Score 8.08

Problem Interpretation

With the data collected, the researchers identified Inadequate/Lack of Knowledge as

a community health-related problem. Based on the data, the majority of the community

finds first aid as an educational interest. The magnitude of the problem scored 2.25, and

the modifiability of the problem scored 4 since the community shows a willingness to

learn. Additionally, the preventive potential scored 1 since in the future, the community

will likely hold value to this kind of information and prevent lack of knowledge from

occurring again. Finally, the community shows awareness of the need to learn about

first aid, yet they feel no sense of urgency, therefore, Social concern scored 0.5. The

overall total is 8.08 for this problem.

Nature of the problem: Health-related - ( 1/3) x 1 = 0.33

Magnitude of the Problem: (3/4) x 3= 2.25

Modifiability of the Problem: (3/3) x 4 = 4

Preventive Potential: (3/3) x 1= 1

Social Concern: ( 1/2) x 1 = 0.5

Total: 8.08

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Problem: Body Weakness

Ranking: 3rd

Criteria Standards Score Weight Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of the Health Status 3 Body weakness is

Problem Health Resources 2 1 1 considered health
Health-Related 1 status, as it is a
general sense of
diminished vigor or
fatigue that hinders
the execution of tasks,
leading to a
diminished capacity
for the individual.

2. Magnitude of 75-100% affected 4 0.75 Based on the data

the Problem 50-75% affected 3 3 gathered, body
25-49% affected 2 weakness affected
>25% affected 1 21.25% of the
population within the
families surveyed in
Brgy. Pogo Chico,
Dagupan City,
Pangasinan.

3. Modifiability of High 3 4 Body weakness could

the Problem Moderate 2 4 be effectively modified
Low 1 by simple
Not Modifiable 0 interventions that the
community easily
executes.

4. Preventive High 3 1 Body weakness can

Potential Moderate 2 1 be prevented when
Low 1 interventions are
applied in the
community. Therefore,
it is graded as high.

5. Social Concern Urgent 2 0.5 Although the

Not Urgent 1 1 population does not
Not a Concern 0 view body weakness
as a serious issue, it is
still something to be

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 concerned about as it
requires management
to ensure optimal
everyday functioning.

Total Score 7.25

Problem Interpretation

According to the collected data, Body Weakness has been identified as a community

health status problem. This is because it has the potential to lead to disability,

decreased productivity, and compromised wellness. The magnitude of the problem, as

determined by the data, is 0.75, as it only impacts a relatively minor proportion (17 out

of 80) of the entire surveyed population. Furthermore, the problem was considered as

highly modifiable and has been quantified with a score of 4. This is due to several

interventions that may be undertaken, such as maintaining a healthy lifestyle specifically

engaging in regular exercise. Moreover, the problem yielded a score of 1 or high

preventive potential. By utilizing the interventions, it will reduce the risks associated with

body weakness. Lastly, the community perceives body weakness as not critical; yet,

analyzing the symptoms is crucial for management to improve functional capacities and

quality of life. As a result, the score is one. The overall total of the problem is 7.25

Nature of the problem: Health-related - (3/1) x 1 = 1

Magnitude of the Problem: (1/4) x 3= 0.75

Modifiability of the Problem: (3/3) x 4 = 4

Preventive Potential: (3/3) x 1= 1

Social Concern: (1/2) x 1 = 0.5

Total: 7.25

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Problem: Prevalent Self-medication

Ranking: 4th

Criteria Standards Score Weight Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of the Health Status 3 It is brought on by a lack

Problem Health Resources 2 1 0.66 of money and
Health-Related 1 insufficient reserves for
medical bills.

2. Magnitude of 75-100% affected 4 2.25 The magnitude of the

the Problem 50-74% affected 3 3 problem falls under
25-49% affected 2 50-74%. Data gathered
>25% affected 1 from the residents of
Brgy. Pogo Chico shows
that 72.5% of
respondents do
self-medication.

3. Modifiability of High 3 2.66 When it comes to

the Problem Moderate 2 4 medication, people have
Low 1 their preferences
Not Modifiable 0 because of the
difficulties of life, and
sometimes they don't
check up and would
rather buy cheap
medications.

4. Preventive High 3 0.66 Some people prioritize

Potential Moderate 2 1 finding a means to help
Low 1 their families over taking
care of themselves
because they find it
difficult to do so. And
they've been acting in
this manner since.

5. Social Concern Urgent 2 1 If the medication is not

Not Urgent 1 1 taken as prescribed, it
Not a Concern 0 may lead to drug
resistance, which makes
it potentially dangerous.

Total Score 7.23

Page 97 of 131
Problem Interpretation

Out of the 107 participants questioned, our researchers found that 58 (72.5%) of the

population or participants self-medicate. Acknowledging this, the participants are willing

to comply and take part in any program or activity that teaches them about the risks

associated with self-medicating without the guidance of a licensed medical expert.

Nature of the Problem: (2/3) x 1= 0.66

The Magnitude of the Problem: (3/4) x 3= 2.25

Modifiability of the Problem: (2/3) x 4= 2.66

Preventive Potential: (2/3) x 1= 0.66

Social concern: (2/2) x 1= 1

Total: 7.23

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Problem: Improper Garbage Disposal

Ranking: 5th

Criteria Standards Score Weight Actual Justification

Score

1. Nature of Health Status 3 Since improper disposal can

the Problem Health Resources 2 1 0.33 draw bugs that spread
Health-Related 1 disease, taint the air with
toxins from burning waste,
and contaminate water
sources, raising the risk of
waterborne infections, the
detected concern is classified
as health-related.
Inadequate waste
management may also cause
diseases to spread,
respiratory issues, and food
contamination.

2. Magnitude 75-100% affected 4

of the 50-75% affected 3 3 0.75 The identified problem affects
Problem 25-49% affected 2 less than 25% of the overall
>25% affected 1 population of Brgy.
Pugo-Chico

(% of residents doing
Improper waste disposal in
Brgy. Pugo-Chico: 12.5%

3. High 3 The identified problem has

Modifiability Moderate 2 4 4 high modifiability that can
of the Low 1 be done though several
Problem Not Modifiable 0 preventive interventions

4. Preventive High 3 The identified problem has

Potential Moderate 2 1 1 high preventive potential
Low 1 since communicable diseases
transferred by insects and
rodents can be prevented by
educating the residents about
proper waste disposal

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5. Social Urgent 2 The identified problem is
Concern Not Urgent 1 1 0.5 recognized as a problem
Not a Concern 0 but not needing urgent
attention for it can be
prevented by educating
residents about proper waste
disposal.

Total Score 6.58

Problem Interpretation

After gathering data, the researchers determined that improper waste or garbage

disposal is a health-related problem on which the score is 0.33. The magnitude of the

problem scored 0.75 because just 12.5% of the residents dispose of their waste

improperly. In the meantime, the problem's modifiability received a score of 4, meaning

that it can be fixed with a number of preventative measures. Furthermore, if complete

cooperation and engagement were attained, the community's preventative potential,

which was scored 1, is probably going to stop this from happening. Finally, social

concern received a score of 0.5 since effective waste disposal may be accomplished

through health education or by teaching the locals, and it is not an urgent issue. 6.58

was the total sum.

Nature of the Problem: (1/3) x 1= 0.33

The Magnitude of the Problem: (1/4) x 3= 0.75

Modifiability of the Problem: (3/3) x 4= 4

Preventive Potential: (3/3) x 1= 1

Social concern: (1/2) x 1= 0.5

Total: 6.58

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 RANKING IDENTIFIED HEALTH PROBLEMS

PRIORITY PROBLEM SCORE

1 Aversion to Local Health 8.92

Center

2 Inadequate/ Lack of 8.08

Health Knowledge

3 Body Weakness 7.25

4 Prevalent 7.23
Self-Medication

5 Improper Garbage 6.58

Disposal

Page 101 of 131

 COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PLAN
(Aversion to Local Health Center)

Health Family Goals Objectives Intervention Methods of Resources Evaluation

Problems Nursing methods Nursing required
Problems Family
Contact

Inadequate 1. There is a After nursing Short term 1. Establishing -Home Visit Human CRITERIA:
knowledge of general lack intervention goals: rapport with the -Virtual Sources The community
the community of trust and the following > The community locals Consultatio members had
regarding knowledge are expected members of can help build trust ns •Volunteers achieved the aim
available health about the to take the and alleviate -Via •Family of having
resources and services place: community concerns about Telephone/ members adequate
services as provided by 1. Raise can identify seeking care in local Cellphones •Community knowledge in
evidenced by the health the and health centers. members recognizing,
community center. community’s understand •Health comprehending,
members' 2. increased awareness the 2. Encourage workers and assessing
aversion lack of of the underlying community leaders •Assistants the underlying
towards their awareness available reasons to raise awareness •Midwives causes for their
local health regarding the health contributing about Local Health •Nurses aversion to the
center prevalence of resources to the Centers' services. •Doctors local health
conditions and services aversion. •Student center.
and diseases in their local 3. Organize Cultural nurses
Objective Cues that can be health center > The Sensitivity Training • Clinical STANDARD:
prevented in 2. Enha members of for local healthcare Instructors After several
• low patient the nce the the staff to understand visits, the
visit numbers community. community’s community the cultural beliefs, members of the
• survey results perception can evaluate practices, and Material community had
showing low and trust in their positive preferences of the Resources set a standard
awareness of the local experiences community they with regard to
available health health center at their local serve. •Visual aid / their knowledge

Page 102 of 131

services and its health posters on the available
• Feedback services center. 4. Enhance local •Flyers / resources and
indicating 3. Educa health facilities and leaflets services towards
negative te the equipment to •Vaccines their health
perceptions or community improve the quality •Technical center.
experiences about the Long term of care they can Materials
with the health benefits of goals: provide.
center utilizing > The
• reports of health members of 5. Offer free
common resources for the healthcare services
misconceptions their overall community like Routine
about the well-being will build Check-Ups,
health center's 4. Impro higher Vaccinations, Health
capabilities ve the patient Screenings, and
• low accessibility satisfaction Prescription refills.
attendance at and and
health convenience establish 6. Establishing
education of health trust in rapport with the
workshops and services for health care community locals
community the providers can help build trust
outreach events community and and alleviate
• public health 5. Involv institutions, concerns about
reports e the leading to seeking care in local
indicating gaps community consultation health centers.
in healthcare in health about
access and promotion medical 7. Gather feedback
utilization activities to advice and from the community
encourage decision-ma about their
the use of king to experiences with
local health follow local health centers.
resources treatment
plans. 8. Educate the
community about

Page 103 of 131

 the importance of
primary care and
prevention of
illnesses through
the use of
community events
and social media.

Page 104 of 131

 COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PLAN
(Inadequate/ Lack of Health Knowledge)

Health Family Intervention Methods of Resources

Problems Nursing Goals Objectives Methods Nursing Required Evaluation
Problems Family
Contact

Deficient 1) Inability to After the Short term 1) Assess the ● Home Material CRITERIA:
Knowledge apply nursing goal: family to better visit Resources: Community
related to pressure intervention After 6 hrs of understand the educational members
first aid dressing due information they materials, such successfully
, the nursing
measures to lack of need to know as illustrated demonstrate basic
evidenced knowledge following intervention: 2) Provide guides, videos, first aid techniques
by verbal on proper are 1) The clear and concise or online and can explain the
reports of wound care expected to Community will information using resources, to steps involved in
feeling techniques. take place: be able to simple language. reinforce key different emergency
unprepared 2) Inability to identify the Avoid medical concepts and situations.
to handle perform 1)Participat programs’ jargon to ensure procedures
emergencie CPR due to the family STANDARD:
e in the advantages and
s and fear of understands the Human Community
inability to making learning disadvantages health information Resources: members respond
demonstrate mistakes or process. in achieving without confusion. the presence appropriately to
basic first not knowing 2)Exhibit health-related 3) Give family and active simulated
aid skills. the correct increased objectives. easy-to-read participation of emergencies,
steps. interest 2) Communi pamphlets or the nurse along showing confidence
3) Inability to and ty will be able to brochures with with the and competence in
identify clear formatting, community their first aid skills.
assume create a plan to
signs and bullet points, and members Regular evaluations
symptoms of responsibi meet the visuals to help indicate improved
choking due lity for community’s them understand knowledge retention
to limited the information and application.

Page 105 of 131

 understandi their own recognized better.
ng of airway learning health needs. 4) Create a
emergencies by supportive
. learning
beginning Long term
4) Inability to environment to
control to look for goal: Ensure a quiet,
bleeding due informatio After adequate comfortable
to lack of n and ask nursing setting free from
knowledge questions. interventions: distractions while
on applying 3) Perform 1) The learning
pressure to necessary Community will 5) Encourage
specific an open dialogue
procedure be able to
points. where the family
s correctly demonstrate feels safe to ask
and behavior and questions and
explain lifestyle express concerns.
reasons modifications
for the towards the
action. improvement of
4) Initiate community
necessary health.
lifestyle
changes.

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 COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PLAN
(Body Weakness)

HEALTH FAMILY GOALS OBJECTIVES INTERVENTION METHODS RESOURCES EVALUATION

PROBLEMS NURSING METHODS OF NURSING REQUIRED
PROBLEMS FAMILY
CONTACT

Nursing ● Inability After the SHORT TERM 1. Assess ● Home Material CRITERIA:
Diagnosis of the family to nursing GOAL: patient’s Visit Resources: Family can articulate
● Body cope up in intervention, Within 1 hour ability to - Flyers at least one cause of
weakness maintaining the following of intervention perform /leaflets, body weakness and
family shows an
related to the healthy are the family will ADL’s, visual aid
increased
decrease lifestyle due to expected to be able to providing and low cost understanding of
metabolic comprehendin take place: identify the assistance as materials on factors contributing to
production and g the 1. Regul basis of body necessary health body weakness (e.g.,
decreased magnitude of ar physical weakness: especially teaching nutrition, physical
energy and the problem. activity to during tasks about body inactivity, medical
nutritional enhance 1. Reports requiring weakness conditions).
requirements muscle sense of ambulation
strength and interest in 2. Discuss with Human Family members
overall improving the Resources: report feeling more
Objective: fitness body community - Time energetic and can
identify specific
2. Timel weakness. the nature, and effort of
causes of body
● Muscular y access to signs, the student weakness. Family
weakness medical care After 8 hours symptoms nurse of the suggests practical
● Electrolyt and physical of nursing and family ideas to manage and
es imbalance therapy for intervention complications control body
● Weak those the family will that might Financial weakness (e.g.,
reflex experiencing report sense of rise due to Resources: dietary changes,
● Decrease body energy: body - Trans exercise plans,
body weakness weakness portation medical

Page 107 of 131

performance 3. Raise 1. Identify 3. Note resources of consultations).
awareness the basis of changes in the student
about the body balance/gait nurse to
causes and weakness and disturbance, conduct STANDARD:
After a few visits,
prevention ideas in areas muscle home visit
health education and
of body of control weakness. monitoring, the family
weakness 4. Provide/reco will be able to identify
mmend the basis of body
assistance weakness and the
with family will report a
activities/ sense of energy and
ambulation identify the basis of
as necessary body weakness along
5. Instruct the with ideas in areas of
patient to control.
change
position
slowly.
6. Elevate head
of bed as
tolerated.
7. Monitor BP,
pulse,
respiration
and skin
color during
and after
activity.

Page 108 of 131

 COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PLAN
(Prevalent Self-Medication)

HEALTH FAMILY GOALS OBJECTIVES INTERVENTION METHODS OF RESOURCES

PROBLEMS NURSING METHODS NURSING REQUIRED
PROBLEMS FAMILY
CONTACT

Prevalence of self I.Inability to Minimize the After the 1.Evaluate family's ● Home Material
medication as a recognize risk of adverse nursing familiarity with visit Resources:
health threat self-medication drug events by intervention: natural cures or ● Teaching
as a health treatments. Aids
related to limited promoting safe
threat due to ● family
access to health inadequate medication members will 2.Identity-curt ● Sample over
education. knowledge practices understand the methods techniques the counter drugs
about the effect within the
importance of executed by the that are
of family. consulting family within recommended for
self-medicating healthcare managing an ill simple conditions
. ● Promot professionals relative. (fever, cough)
before
e safe and
I.Inability to self-medicating. 3. Identify the ● Financial
make decisions appropriate reason why the resources (money
concerning medication ● family family for the nurse’s
taking use within the members will insists on home transportation fee)

Page 109 of 131

 CUES appropriate family by accurately treatment
health action addressing identify common Human
Subjective: due to: prevalent over-the-counte 4. Discuss wIth the Resources:
r medications family the ● Time and
“Umiinom nalang self-medicatio
a. Low and their Importance of drugs. effort on the part of
kami ng gamot salience of the n practices. appropriate the nurse and
pag may masakit problem uses. family
sa katawan namin b. Inacces
o di kaya sibility of ● family
nagpapakulo ng appropriate members will
mga dahon resources due demonstrate
to financial proper
dahon” as stated
constraints medication
by the respondent storage and
I.Failure to disposal
utilize practices.
Objective: community
The family does resources for
not follow any health care is
due to the
routine health
inability to see
screening or the benefits of
check-up. health care
services.

Page 110 of 131

 COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE PLAN
(Improper Garbage Disposal)

Health Family Intervention Methods of Resources

Problems Nursing Goals Objectives Methods Nursing Required Evaluation
Problems Family
Contact

Improper Inability to After the nursing After the 1. Educate the Community visit Material After the
Waste provide a intervention, the Community community on prepared time
Disposal resources:
home following are Nursing proper waste for the health
environment expected to take Intervention, disposal - Flyers, teaching plan,
conducive for place: the community practices, the posters, and the
health will be able to: importance of school visits community
maintenance 1. The community recycling, and to instruct was able to:
due to: will be able to a. Increase the people on
explain the value their environmental how to 1. Implement
a. Lack of of disposing of awareness impact of properly proper waste
knowledge waste properly, and expand improper waste dispose of disposal
about the using terms like their disposal. waste. practices and
effects of compost, landfills, knowledge 2. Provide more - Plan identify the
unsanitary/im recycling, and with regards to garbage bins in clean-up importance of
proper incinerator. proper public areas campaigns recycling the
disposal of garbage and ensure utilizing waste
garbage to 2.The locals' management. they are volunteers, materials.
health interest in and emptied garbage
involvement in b. Utilize regularly. bags, and 2. Distinguish
b. Lack of appropriate recycling and 3. Establish gloves. the difference
knowledge garbage disposal recycling of the

Page 111 of 131

about the management will waste disposal facilities and - By recyclable
importance of grow. facilities. encourage their establishing and non
proper use. partnerships, recyclable
garbage 3.The community c. Enhance 4. Organize providing materials.
disposal will be able to waste community recycling
explain how management clean-up events containers, 3. The
inappropriate or practices by and encourage and hosting community
unhygienic waste participating in volunteerism. seminars, individuals
disposal affects clean-up 5. Promote you can verbalized the
health, including drives and segregation of promote cause and
diseases brought recycling waste at the recycling. effect of
on by unclean programs. source by proper waste
Human
environments and providing resources: disposal and
the consequences separate bins the excellent
of garbage on the for different - Organize effect to the
environment. types of waste. health risk health of the
workshops in community.
4. The locals will places with
dispose of rubbish knowledgeab 4. The
properly both le speakers. community
within their homes - Organize knew the
and throughout health risk proper waste
the community. workshops in disposal.
places with
skilled
speakers.
- Encourage
improved

Page 112 of 131

 waste
management
practices by
working with
local
authorities
and
circulating
community
petitions.

Page 113 of 131

 HEALTH EDUCATION PLAN

(Aversion to Local Health Center)

Topic Aversion to Local Health Center

Purpose Provide public awareness regarding the services offered by local health centers
and openly communicate the source of aversion to the healthcare staff within the
community.

Date May 24, 2024

Participant Community, Healthcare Staffs

Reference

Learning Objectives Content Outline Methods of Time Instructional Methods of

Instruction Frame resources Evaluation

1. After the ● Service offered Lecture 30 > Powerpoint After 30 mins

presentation, the by the local health Method mins Presentation of health
community will be able to center. > Brochures resource
explore benefits and ● Benefits of teaching, the
advantages of seeking utilizing available community
healthcare services from resources. will be able to
the local health center ● Source of answer the
and utilize available Aversion following
resources. ● Alternative questions:
2. After the measures on how to
presentation, the reduce the aversion ● What
participating community and improve quality are the
will obtain accurate and services rendered by services
accessible information their local health center. offered by the
about the services local health
available at local health center?
centers, including ● What
preventive care, causes the
screenings, treatment aversion
options, and support among the
services. locals in the
3. After the community?
presentation, the ● What
participating community to expect
will be able to recognize during a visit
the accessibility of to their local
healthcare services within health
their community. center?
4. Following the ● What

Page 114 of 131

presentation, the are the
healthcare staff will importance of
exhibit increased accessing
awareness regarding the local health
aversion toward the local center and
health care center. itulizing
5. After the available
presentation, the resoruces?
healthcare staff will be
able to identify ways to
reduce the aversion of
locals and improve
quality health care
services.

Page 115 of 131

 HEALTH EDUCATION PLAN

(Inadequate/ Lack of Health Knowledge)

Topic: Comprehensive Education on Key Health Issues, Self-Medication Risks, and

First Aid Practices

Purpose: Educate each individual within the community to have essential knowledge
and skills to improve their understanding regarding health matters, reduce
self-medication risks, and enhance their ability to respond immediately to
health emergencies with the use of first aid skills.

Date: May 24, 2024

Participants: Community

Reference: Thenmozhi, B., & Sharmil, S. H. (2023). Self-medication Practices of the Rural
Community People: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian journal of community
medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social
Medicine, 48(4), 619–622.

https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_842_22

Basic first aid. (n.d.). Service Sanitation.

https://learn.servicesanitation.com/basic-first-aid

Learning Objectives Content Outline Methods of Time Instructiona Methods of

Instruction Frame l Resources Evaluation

Page 116 of 131

1. The participants will ● Introduction Brochure Audio-visual After the prepared
get a greater of inadequate 1 hour health time for health
comprehension of key health knowledge as learning teaching plan, the
health matters such as a limited materials community will be
nutrition, exercise, comprehension of able to:
preventive care, key health matters, 1. Gain
mental health as well resulting in possible knowledge about
as chronic disease health hazards. key health matters
treatment. such as nutrition,
● Assessment exercise,
2. Upon completion of and evaluation of preventive care,
the training program, methods to measure mental health as
participants will be knowledge well as chronic
able to acknowledge improvement and disease treatment.
how lack of proper awareness of health 2. Identify and
health understanding impacts on personal gain awareness of
affects their personal and community the health impacts
and community health health status on personal and
status. allowing them to community health
navigate 1 hour status.
3. As presented with health-related 3. Demonstrat
various health information and e interest and take
management issues, a services effectively charge of their
priority intervention is for their own and education by
to allow realization of others' well-being. starting to explore
the occurring problem. issues and share
Thus, it is anticipated ● Potential concerns about the
that the community health risks of community.
members will be able self-medication. 4. Identify
to define health 2 hours effects of
emergencies using Self-medication is self-medication
their own words. damaging to one's and its possible
health and can complications.
4. Meanwhile it is develop 5. Demonstrat
shown that complications such e basic first aid
self-medication among as liver damage. To such as
the residents of minimize the use of bandaging.
barangay Pogo Chico self-medication, the
continues to be general public
prevalent. In the long should get adequate
run, this can lead to health education.
complications such as
liver damage. ● Benefits of 1 hour
Therefore, the learning basic first
barangay stakeholders aid.
are expected to
enumerate 3-4 Basic first aid is
complications concerned with
associated with providing urgent
self-medication. medical treatment to

Page 117 of 131

 someone who is
5. Our exposure to the unexpectedly
said community wounded or unwell,
allowed us to conclude which might involve
that barangay healing burns,
members are eager to wounds, insect
learn about first aid. stings, and 30
Being said so, an providing assistance mins
objective involves during medical
proper demonstration crises, emphasizing
of basic first aid such the need of being
as bandaging. cool, assessing the
situation, and
stabilizing the
person.

Page 118 of 131

 HEALTH EDUCATION PLAN

(Body Weakness)

Topic: Prevention and Control of Body Weakness

Purpose: Educate family members within the community about the ways to control and
prevent body weakness, and provide public awareness of health-related
risks.

Date: May 24, 2024

Participants Community

Reference

Learning Objectives Content Outline Methods of Time Instructional Methods of

Instruction Frame Resources Evaluation

1. After the presentation, Lecture Method 30 ● Charts, After 30

the participating ● Definition mins to diagrams, and minutes to 1
community will of body weakness The lecture 1 hour posters hour of health
understand the common ● Causes method for illustrating teaching the
causes of body and contributing promoting causes and community
weakness, including risk factors health prevention of will be able to
nutritional deficiencies, ● Signs and education in a body answer the
dehydration, lack of symptoms community, weakness. following
physical activity, and ● Treatment specifically question:
chronic illnesses. and prevention focusing on the ● -
prevention and Brochures with ● What
2.After the presentation, control of body key information is body
the participating weakness, and tips. weakness?
community will involves a ● What
understand the role of structured and ● Short are the signs
regular physical activity in interactive videos on and
maintaining muscle presentation nutrition, symptoms of
strength and preventing designed to exercise, and body
body weakness. inform and mental health. weakness?
motivate the ● What
3.After the presentation, participating are the
the participating community. complications
community will develop of body
the ability to create a weakness?
balanced diet plan that ● What
includes essential are the
vitamins, minerals, and contributing
other nutrients necessary factors of
for muscle strength and body
energy. weakness?

Page 119 of 131

 ● How
4.After the presentation, to prevent
the participating body
community will foster a weakness?
proactive approach to
maintaining physical
health and preventing
conditions that lead to
body weakness.

5.After the presentation,

the participating
community will learn how
to perform
self-assessments to
monitor signs of body
weakness and take
preventive actions.

Page 120 of 131

 HEALTH EDUCATION PLAN
(Prevalent Self-Medication)

Topic Prevalent Self-Medication

To educate the Pogo Chico community by raising awareness about the risks
associated with prevalent self-medication practices, aiming to empower
Purpose individuals and their families to make informed decisions about their health
by providing evidence-based information and resources to promote safer
and more effective healthcare choices.

Date

Participants Pogo Chico Community

Reference
Bennadi, D (2014). Self-medication: A current challenge. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4012703/

Ruiz, M. (2010). Risks of self-medication practices. Retrieved from

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20615179/

Sansgiry, S. et al, (2016) Abuse of over-the-counter medicines: a

pharmacist’s perspective. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5774309/

Azhar, A. (2023, December 20). Medication safety: A critical component of

Patient Care. Core Prescribing Solutions.
https://coreprescribingsolutions.co.uk/blog/medication-safety/#:~:text=By%2
0focusing%20on%20the%20accuracy,errors%20and%20improve%20patien
t%20outcomes.

Page 121 of 131

 Methods Time Instructional Methods of
Learning Content Outline of Frame Resource Evaluation
Objectives Instruction

At the end of the ● Definition of Lecture 30 Infographics After the

program, the self-medication Method mins and Health prepared
community will - Self-medication Learning time for the
be able to: has traditionally been Materials health
defined as “the taking of teaching
1. Identify the drugs, herbs or home plan, the
risks of remedies on one's own community
self-medication. initiative, or on the advice were able to:
of another person,
without consulting a 1. Identify the
2. Recognize the
doctor." (Bennadi, 2014). risks
common
associated
over-the-counter
● Potential health with
medications that
risks of self-medication. self-medicati
are frequently
Potential risks of on.
misused through
self-medication practices 2. Recognize
self-medication
include: commonly
practices.
- incorrect misused
self-diagnosis over-the-cou
3.Demonstrate - delays in seeking nter
understanding of medical advice when medications.
the importance needed 3.
of consulting - infrequent but Understand
healthcare severe adverse reactions when to seek
professionals - dangerous Role of advice from
before healthcare professionals healthcare
self-medicating, in safe medication use professionals
as evidenced by - drug interactions .
their ability to - incorrect manner 4. Explain the
explain when it's of administration importance of
appropriate to - incorrect dosage consulting
seek medical and healthcare
advice. - risk of professionals
dependence and abuse. before
self-medicati
● Commonly ng.
Misused
Over-the-Counter
Medications
some of the Commonly
Misused
Over-the-Counter
Medications includes:
- Antihistamines
(Diphenhydramine)
- Cough medicines

Page 122 of 131

- Codeine-containin
g products
- Analgesics
(Aspirin)
- Hypnotics
(Sominex and nytol)
- Laxatives (oral
and rectal)
- Decongestants
(Pseudoephedrine)

● Role of healthcare
professionals in safe
medication use

- educates the
community
- prescribes
medication
- monitors therapy
- prevents errors

Page 123 of 131

 HEALTH EDUCATION PLAN

(Improper Garbage Disposal)

Topic: Improper Garbage Disposal

Purpose: Purpose:
A. To educate the community regarding the importance of responsible
waste management and its benefits.
B. To educate the community on different strategies and practical steps
towards zero-waste and guides that are applicable/suitable to them.
To educate the community that these awareness will help them increase and
expand their knowledge regarding recycling and environmental issues and
make them conscious about their environment.

Date: May 31, 2024

Participants: Community Members

Reference: Flores, R., Feratero, V., Kenneth, S., Gonzales, R. P. A., Burog, E., Alvarez,
C. J., & Bagus, D. (2017). (PDF) a case study about the improper waste
disposal in Barangay Mojon Tampoy. A Case Study about the Improper
Waste Disposal in Barangay Mojon Tampoy.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331702185_A_Case_Study_about_t
he_Improper_Waste_Disposal_in_Barangay_Mojon_Tampoy

Page 124 of 131

Learning Objectives Content Outline Methods of Time Instructional Methods of
Instruction Frame Resources Evaluation

At the end of 40 a. Definition of a. Lecture a. 5 - Pamphlet After the prepared

minutes of health proper waste mins - Audio visual time for health
teaching in the management and presentation teaching plan, the
community of the risk factors - Materials for community were
Barangay Pogo associated with demonstratio about to:
Chico, the community poor proper waste n 1. Enumerate the
will be able to; management definitions and
1. Understand the differences
Impact of Improper b. Discuss the b. Lecture b. 5 between
Garbage Disposal proper ways of mins Biodegradable and
garbage disposal: Non-Biodegradable
2. Identify Proper 3Rs (Reduce, .
Waste Segregation Reuse, Recycle) 2. Demonstrate the
and Disposal understanding of
Techniques c. Explain the c. Lecture c. 5 proper ways of
differences mins garbage disposal:
3. Distinguish between 3Rs (Reduce,
Biodegradable, and Biodegradable Reuse & Recycle).
Non-biodegradable, and Non- 3. Identify the risk
and Reuse, Reduce Biodegradable. factors associated
and Recycle with improper
d. Discuss the d. Lecture d. 10 waste disposal.
4. Enumerate factors practices that mins 4. Effectively show
that lead to the wrong leads to improper how to correctly
practices of waste disposal of waste place
disposal to the biodegradable and
community e. Discuss various e. Lecture e. 5 non-biodegradable
types of illness mins waste in
5. Verbalize the associated with designated
benefits of proper poor waste improvised waste
waste disposal and disposal bins.
segregation 5. Determine
f. Demonstrate the f. f. 10 factors that
6. Demonstrate identification of Demonstratio mins contribute to
where to place the proper use of n improper waste
Biodegradable and cleaning materials disposal practices
Non-biodegradable and recycling within the
garbage in an methods that can community.
improvised waste bin be helpful for their
community.

Page 125 of 131

 RECOMMENDATION

Based on the conclusion, the following recommendations are made:

1. A thorough and continuous education campaign about the importance of

maternal health care should be established by the appropriate government body, like

the Department of Health or a local government unit. Barangay conferences are one

way to accomplish this and increase awareness of the risks associated with failing to

provide adequate maternal care; these campaign programs should cover breastfeeding

properly, vitamins that mothers should take, and many other topics.

2. To help families who are unable to visit a clinic, trained community health workers

should make house calls and offer family planning advice, such as contraception.

Community health workers should offer individualized counseling and training based on

each family's unique needs and circumstances to provide more appropriate and

effective advice.

3. Authorities should set up awareness programs and educational campaigns to

inform the community about medications, particularly self-medication. These initiatives

should cover the dangers and repercussions of self-medication, such as improper

dosages, antibiotic resistance, and possible drug interactions.

Page 126 of 131

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Stanhope M. & Lancaster J. (2016). Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health

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How Temperatures Affect Food (2019, October 19) USDA: Food Safety and Inspection

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ortness%20of%20breath

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