National Green Tribunal

NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL
Introduction
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) is a specialized judicial body established in India under the
National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. It was set up to handle cases and disputes pertaining to
environmental protection, conservation of forests, and other related matters. The NGT operates
on the principle of expeditious disposal of cases to ensure timely justice and effective
enforcement of environmental laws. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) stands as a pivotal
institution in India's environmental governance framework, addressing a wide array of issues
related to environmental protection and conservation.
Jurisdiction and Powers

The NGT's jurisdiction encompasses a broad spectrum of environmental matters, ranging from
forest conservation to pollution control. Its authority extends to adjudicating civil cases
concerning environmental disputes and questions affecting the environment. With its powers to
hear appeals against regulatory decisions and issue orders for enforcement and compensation, the
NGT holds significant sway in shaping environmental policy and practice. The NGT has
original jurisdiction over all civil cases related to environmental issues and questions that affect
the environment. It hears cases dealing with issues such as:
1. Conservation of forests and other natural resources
2. Protection of wildlife
3. Prevention and control of pollution

4. Handling of hazardous substances
5. Implementation of environmental laws and treaties
The Tribunal possesses powers to hear appeals against orders and decisions of environmental
regulators and authorities. It can also issue orders and directions for the enforcement of
environmental laws and the compensation for damages caused to the environment.
Structure and Composition

At the helm of the NGT is a Chairperson, typically a retired Supreme Court judge, ensuring the
tribunal's adherence to judicial principles. Complementing the Chairperson are Judicial
Members, often retired High Court judges, and Expert Members possessing specialized
knowledge in environmental science and related fields. This blend of legal acumen and technical
expertise equips the NGT to tackle complex environmental issues with precision. The NGT
consists of both judicial and expert members who possess expertise in environmental matters.
Functioning
The NGT follows a quasi-judicial process similar to traditional courts but with certain procedural
relaxations for speedy disposal of cases. It conducts hearings, examines evidence, and delivers
judgments on environmental disputes. The Tribunal has powers to summon witnesses, order
investigations, and direct the concerned parties to take necessary actions for environmental
protection. Its proactive stance in directing parties towards environmental preservation
underscores its commitment to fostering sustainable practices.
Significance and Impact

The establishment of the NGT has significantly enhanced environmental governance in India.
The NGT's establishment has heralded a new era in environmental governance, offering a
platform for stakeholders to voice concerns and seek redressal. Its interventions have catalyzed
the enforcement of environmental laws, fostering stricter compliance with pollution control
measures and safeguarding ecologically fragile regions. By empowering communities and
organizations to hold violators accountable, the NGT fosters a culture of environmental
stewardship and accountability.
The Tribunal's interventions have led to the enforcement of environmental laws, stricter
implementation of pollution control measures, and the protection of ecologically sensitive areas.
Challenges and Criticism
However, the NGT is not immune to challenges, with delays in case disposal, infrastructural
deficiencies, and membership vacancies impeding its efficacy. Despite its achievements, the
NGT faces certain challenges and criticisms. Delays in the disposal of cases, lack of adequate
infrastructure, and vacancies in the Tribunal's membership have been cited as hurdles in its
effective functioning. Moreover, concerns persist regarding the enforcement of NGT directives
by state authorities and the necessity for enhanced stakeholder coordination. Addressing these
issues is imperative to bolster the tribunal's effectiveness and uphold the integrity of
environmental jurisprudence.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the NGT stands as a beacon of hope for India's environmental landscape,
championing the cause of sustainability and conservation. Through its specialized mandate and
proactive approach, the tribunal navigates complex environmental terrain, delivering justice and
fostering environmental stewardship. As India marches towards a greener future, the NGT's role
remains indispensable, necessitating concerted efforts to fortify its capacity and streamline its
functioning for the benefit of present and future generations.
The National Green Tribunal plays a crucial role in safeguarding India's environment and
promoting sustainable development. By providing a specialized forum for environmental
adjudication, the NGT contributes to the protection of natural resources, conservation of
biodiversity, and mitigation of pollution. Efforts to strengthen the Tribunal's capacity and
streamline its functioning are essential to ensure timely justice and effective enforcement of
environmental laws.

National Green Tribunal

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

National Green Tribunal

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

National Green Tribunal

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL

Jurisdiction and Powers

1. Conservation of forests and other natural resources

3. Prevention and control of pollution

5. Implementation of environmental laws and treaties

Structure and Composition

Significance and Impact

You might also like