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    Verification of Debye-Hückel-Onsager Equation

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    JOSEPH HERBERT MABEL
    The document describes an experiment to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation for a strong electrolyte (KCl). Potassium chloride solutions of varying molarity are prepared and their conductivities measured. A graph of conductivity versus the square root of concentration is plotted and should yield a straight line according to the equation. The y-intercept gives the conductivity at infinite dilution and the slope is related to characteristics of the electrolyte. The results are analyzed to check if they match predicted behavior for a strong electrolyte.

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    Verification of Debye-Hückel-Onsager Equation

    Uploaded by

    JOSEPH HERBERT MABEL
    19K views3 pages
    The document describes an experiment to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation for a strong electrolyte (KCl). Potassium chloride solutions of varying molarity are prepared and their conductivities measured. A graph of conductivity versus the square root of concentration is plotted and should yield a straight line according to the equation. The y-intercept gives the conductivity at infinite dilution and the slope is related to characteristics of the electrolyte. The results are analyzed to check if they match predicted behavior for a strong electrolyte.

    Original Title

    VERIFICATION OF DEBYE-HÜCKEL-ONSAGER EQUATION

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    The document describes an experiment to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation for a strong electrolyte (KCl). Potassium chloride solutions of varying molarity are prepared and their conductivities measured. A graph of conductivity versus the square root of concentration is plotted and should yield a straight line according to the equation. The y-intercept gives the conductivity at infinite dilution and the slope is related to characteristics of the electrolyte. The results are analyzed to check if they match predicted behavior for a strong electrolyte.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19K views3 pages

    Verification of Debye-Hückel-Onsager Equation

    Uploaded by

    JOSEPH HERBERT MABEL
    The document describes an experiment to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation for a strong electrolyte (KCl). Potassium chloride solutions of varying molarity are prepared and their conductivities measured. A graph of conductivity versus the square root of concentration is plotted and should yield a straight line according to the equation. The y-intercept gives the conductivity at infinite dilution and the slope is related to characteristics of the electrolyte. The results are analyzed to check if they match predicted behavior for a strong electrolyte.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The experiment aims to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation for a strong electrolyte (KCl) by measuring conductivity values at different concentrations and plotting them.

    The aim is to verify the Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation λc = λo – (A + B λo)√c for a strong uni-univalent electrolyte (KCl).

    The specific conductance of KCl solutions of different concentrations are measured.

    CL 201

    Date :

    Batch: ..... Roll No.: .. 9

    Name : .. EXPERIMENT VERIFICATION FOR STRONG OF

    DEBYE-HCKEL-ONSAGER EQUATION

    ELECTROLYTES

    AIM To verify the Debye-Hckel-Onsager equation for a strong uni-univalent electrolyte (KCl). THEORY Solutions of electrolytes (acids, bases and salts in water) conduct electricity. In these solutions, the passage of electric current is due to the migration of cations and anions in opposite directions.

    c = o (A + B o)c

    It is the valence, migration velocity and the concentration of the ions which determine the strength of the current flowing through a solution of an electrolyte. According to the Arrhenius theory, strong electrolytes (KCl, NaCl) dissociate completely at all dilutions. The increase in the molar conductance of solutions of strong electrolytes, with dilution, is mainly due to the increased mobility of the ions. Increase in dilution results in a decrease of inter ionic interactions, thereby increasing the migration speed of the ions, and hence the equivalent conductivity.

    The conductance behavior of strong electrolytes has been given by the Debye-Hckel-Onsager equation

    c = o (A + B o) c ,
    1

    where

    c B

    is

    the equivalent conductivity at

    concentration

    c,

    o A
    At A with

    is and

    the equivalent conductivity at are the

    infinite dilution,

    Debye Hckel Onsager coefficients. are

    25oC , plot of

    the values

    = 60.2 ,

    and

    = 0.229 . be linear,

    (y - axis) against

    (x - axis) should

    a slope =

    (A + B o).
    the y-axis would give

    The intercept on Hence,

    o .
    the graph to zero

    can be obtained by

    extrapolating

    concentration.

    MATERIALS

    REQUIRED pipettes, beakers, KCl, volumetric flasks.

    Conductometer (with cell),

    PROCEDURE 1. Prepare a stock solution of 0.1 N KCl weighing. 2. 3. 4. Standardize the conductometer using this 0.1 N KCl Measure the conductance of Dilute the stock solutions of the following the 0.1 N KCl solution. solution. obtain solution by exact

    solution of 0.1 N KCl, so as to concentrations of KCl :

    0.05 N ; 0.025 N ; 0.0125 N ; 0.00625 N ; 0.00312 N . 5. Measure the conductance of each solution prepared in Step 4.

    OBSERVATIONS Room Temperature = ..


    o

    Table 1. Conductivity of KCl solutions ____________________________________________________________

    c specific conductance Concentration of KCl (N) (c) ____________________________________________________________


    Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.0125 0.00625

    6 0.00312 ____________________________________________________________

    CALCULATIONS Plot a graph of

    AND GRAPH

    (y - axis)

    against

    (x - axis).

    Extrapolate to Calculate the Comment on RESULTS

    C = 0 value of the Slope and the Intercept. the values obtained.

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