8468022022 www.visionias.

i n

2024

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 01/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 02/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 03/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in
Protected Area of India (As on July, 2023)
Legal Status of Protected Area Nos. Total Area (sq.km.) Coverage % of Country
National Park 106 44,402.94 1.35
Wildlife Sanctuary 573 127,197.55 3.87
Community Reserve 220 1,455.15 0.04
Conservation Reserves 123 5,585.05 0.17
Total PAs 1022 1,78,640.69 5.43

Governing authority: Chief Wildlife Warden of the State

Restrictions: Agriculture and Hunting prohibited, collection of
non-timber forest produce allowed.

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 04/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

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 8468022022 www.visionias.in

Supreme Court (SC) Judgment regarding ESZ

2022: Supreme Court (SC) directed that every protected forest, national park and wildlife sanctuary in the country
should mandatorily have a minimum 1 km ESZ, from their demarcated boundaries.
SC then modified the order to specify that minimum 1 km ESZ will not be applicable:
To ESZs for which draft and final notifications have been issued by Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate
Change (MoEF&CC) and in respect of proposals which have been received by Ministry.
Where national parks and sanctuaries are located on inter-state borders or share common boundaries.
Other Highlights of the order:
No mining would be allowed, either within national parks and sanctuaries or in a 1-km radius.
Any developmental activities undertaken within ESZs should follow the MoEF&CC 2011 guidelines and also provisions
of the 2022 Office Memorandum by MoEF&CC.

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 06/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 07/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

(Total 45)

Karnataka Nallur Tamarind Grove

Hogrekan
University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru
Ambaraguda
Maharashtra Glory of Allapalli
Bambarde Myristica Swamps
Ganeshkhind Garden
Landorkhori
Schistura Hiranyakeshi
West Bengal (Highest) Tonglu BHS
Dhotrey BHS
Chilkigarh Kanak Durga
Baneswar Shiva Dighi
State Horticulture Research and Development Station
Namthing Pokhari
Char Balidanga
Amkhoi Wood Fossil Park
Haldir Char Island
Birampur-Baguran Jalpai
Manipur Dialong Village
Telangana Ameenpur lake

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 08/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in
Assam Majuli
Hajong Tortoise Lake
Borjuli Wild Rice Site
Uttar Pradesh Ghariyal Rehabilitation Centre
Meghalaya Khlaw Kur Syiem KmieIng
Odisha Mandasaru
Mahendragiri hill
Gandhamardan Hill
Gupteswar Forest
Goa Purvatali Rai
Madhya Pradesh Naro Hills
Patalkot
Amarkantak
Kerala Asramam
Himachal Pradesh Sacred Grove at Sural Bhatori Monastery
High Altitude Meadow @ HUDAN BHATORI
Birch-pine Forest Patch @ Nain Gahar
Tripura Baramura waterfall
Unakoti
Silachari Caves
Debbari or Chabimura
Betlingshib & its surroundings
Tamil Nadu Arittapatti
Sikkim Tungkyong Dho

92
State Distribution of
Jammu and Kashmir Sacred Groves in India
329

Himachal Pradesh

Punjab 133 159

57
Uttarakhand
Haryana Arunachal Pradesh
16
Delhi
560 32 29
Sikkim
Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh 43 105 Assam Nagaland
166
Meghalaya
Bihar
Manipur
170
Jharkhand Tripura
Gujarat 63 562 Mizoram
Madya Pradesh 29
rh

42
West Bengal
ga
tis
at
hh

Odissa
C

188
Maharashtra 57
2820
Telangana
Disappearance of the traditional belief systems
93
677
Rapid urbanization and developmental interventions.
Goa
1476 Andhra Pradesh 'Sanskritisation' or the transformation of the primitive forms of nature worship into
Karnataka 108
formal temple worship
Puducherry Invasion by exotic weeds such as Eupatorium odoratum, Lantana camara and Prosopis
1096 1275
Lakshadeep Juliflora
Kerala
Tamil Nadu Pressures due to increasing livestock and fuelwood collection

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 09/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 10/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

Jammu and
Kashmir
Dihang-Dibang
Nanda Devi
Manas
Himachal Wildlife
Cold Desert Pradesh Achanakmar- Sanctuary
Punjab
Amarkantak
Uttarakhand
Haryana Kangchenjunga Arunachal
Delhi Pradesh
Sikkim
Great Rann of Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Assam
Kutch Bihar Meghalaya
Pune Manipur
Nokrek
Jharkhand Tripura
Gujarat West Mizoram
rh

Madya Pradesh Bengal

ga

Dibru-Saikhowa
tis
at
hh

Sunderbans
C

Odissa
Pachmarhi
Maharashtra
Simlipal
Indian Telangana National Park
Ocean
Bay of
Goa Bengal
Andhra Pradesh

Karnataka Seshachalam Hills

Nilgiri
Puducherry
Culf of Mannar
Kerala Tamil
Nadu
The Sites of India Included in Agasthyamalai
Man & Bio-sphere (MAB) of
UNESCO
Great Nicobar

554

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 11/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

There are 42 World Heritage sites in India out of which 34 are Cultural Properties and 7 Natural
and 1 Mixed Properties.

Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas (Karnataka)

(West Bengal)
Shantiniketan

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 12/13
 8468022022 www.visionias.in

Hot Spot in India- 4 out of 36 in India

Himalaya: Includes the entire Indian Himalayan region (and that falling in Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar)
Indo-Burma: Includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos,
Cambodia and southern China)
Sundalands: Includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines)
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka: Includes entire Western Ghats (and Sri Lanka)

AHMEDABAD | BENGA LURU | BHOPAL | CHANDIGARH | DELHI | GUWAHATI | HYDER ABAD | JAIPUR | JODHPU RL | UCKNO WP | RAYAGRAJ | PUNE | RANCHI 13/13