OIC

Organization of islamic cooperation

‫منظمة التعاون االسالمي‬

Organisation de la Coopération Islamique (OCI))

BASIC iNTRODUCTION

Membership = 57 States
Headquarter = Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)
Official Languages = Arabic, English, French
Head = Secretary General

Current Secretary General = Hissein Brahim Taha

(since 29 November 2020).
OIC Establishment = 25 September, 1969
Population = 1.9 Billion / 2 billion
Flag Logo
OIC MAP
Green = Members
Red = Observers
Blue = Blocked
Relationships between various international
organizations within OIC
…..………...OIC Location……….....
Member States
ASIA = South Asia, Central Asia, Far East, Middle East
AFRICA = North Africa, Southern Africa, Central
Africa, East Africa, West Africa
Europe = Eastern Europe
South (Latin) America = North-East (South America)
……..
Observer States
Asia = North Asia, South-East Asia
Europe = Eastern Europe
Africa = Central
Africa…………………………………………
Blocked States
Asia = South Asia, South-East
 Members’ Suspension
1. Afghanistan membership suspended, 1980- March 1989
2. Egypt membership suspended, May 1979-March 1984
3. Republic of Yemen as a member since 1990 when united
with People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen.
4. Pakistan has been blocking Indian membership in OIC.

Withdrawal
1. Zanzibar (Semi-autonomous region of Tanzania),
withdrew as a member from OIC in August 1993.
Observer States in OIC
 Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1994.
 Central African Republic since 1996.
 North Cyprus as “Turkish Cypriot State” since
1979. Its designation changed in 2004.
 Thailand since 1998.
 Russia since 2005.
Observer Muslim Community
 Moro National Liberation Front since 1977,
which has been blocking the Philippines’
membership


 Observer Islamic Institutions

 Parliamentary Union of the OIC member states
since 2000.
 Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and
Cooperation since 2005.
Observer International Organizations

 Arab League (AL) since 1975

 United Nations (UN) since 1976
 Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) since 1977
 Organization of African Unity (OAU), now
African Union (AU) since 1977
 Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
since 1995
 List of OIC Secretary Generals
 1. Tunku Abdul Rahman (Malaysia), 1971-1973
 2. Hassan Al-Touhami (Egypt), 1974-1975
 3. Amadou Karim Gaye (Senegal), 1975-1979
 4. Habib Chatty (Tunisia), 1979-1984
 5. Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada (Pakistan), 1985-1988
 6. Hamid Algabid (Niger), 1989-1996
 7. Azeddine Laraki (Morocco), 1997-2000
 8. Abdelouahed Belkeziz (Morocco), 2001-2004
 9.Dr. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu (Turkey), 2005-2013
 10. Iyad Ameen Madani (KSA) 2014 – 2016
 11. Youssef al-Utaymeen (KSA) 2016-2020

12. Hissein Brahim Taha 2020- todate

Current OIC Secretary General

 Youssef al-Utaymeen is a Chadian politician

and diplomat who briefly served in the
government of Chad as Minister of Foreign
Affairs in 2017. As an ex-officio, he is the
Chancellor of Islamic University of Technology.

 OIC Introduction
 OIC changed its name from Organization of Islamic
Conference ( ‫ )منظمة المؤتمر اإلسالمي‬to the Organization of
Islamic Cooperation (‫)منظمة التعاون االسالمي‬, on 28 June,
2011.
 OIC is the largest organization of the world after the
UN.
 It is for the unity of Muslim World (UMMAH), to protect
its interests through cooperation and do progress.
OIC Background
 Looking back to the glorious Muslim history and
existing weak status, some Muslim leaders
desired for Muslim unity and renaissance e.g.
Jamaluddin Afghani, Allama Iqbal.
 Desire intensified after the collapse of the
Ottoman Empire and “Islamic Caliphate.”
 Need of Muslim unity was felt more strongly after
Israel’s creation, Arab-Israel Wars, and Israel’s
setting on fire to Al-Aqsa Mosque.
OIC Charter, 25 September, 1969.

the OIC aims to preserve Islamic social and

economic values;
promote solidarity amongst member states;
increase cooperation in social, economic,
cultural, scientific, and political areas;
uphold international peace and security;
and advance education, particularly in the
fields of science and technology.
 OIC Main Bodies

1. Islamic Summit:

The highest level meeting, attended by members’ kings / heads of state

and /or government, after every three years.
2. Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers (ICFM):
It meets once a year to examine a progress report on the implementation of its
decisions taken within the framework of the policy defined by the Islamic
Summit.
3. Executive Committee:
Past, present and future chairpersons of the summit and ICFM plus
representative from the host country (KSA) and OIC Sec. General to make day
to day decisions.
4. Standing Committees
5. Permanent Secretariat:
It is the executive organ of the Organisation, entrusted with the implementation of the
OIC Standing Committees
 Al Quds Committee
 Standing Committee on Information and Cultural
Affairs (COMIAC).
 Standing Committee on Economic and Commercial
Cooperation (COMCEC).
 Standing Committee on Scientific and
Technological Cooperation (COMSTECH).

 OIC Subsidiary Organizations
 The under-mentioned Organs are
established within the framework of
OIC in accordance with the decisions
taken by the Islamic Summit or the
Council of Foreign Ministers.
 Member States shall automatically become

members of these organs and their

budgets shall be approved by the Council
of Foreign Ministers.
 There exist six subsidiary organizations of

OIC.
 OIC Subsidiary Organizations
 The
Statistical, Economic and Social Research and Training Centre for Islam
ic Countries

(SESRIC), located in Ankara, Turkey.

 The Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA),

located in Istanbul, Turkey.

 The Islamic University of Technology, located in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

 The Islamic Centre for the Development of Trade, located in Casablanca,

Morocco.

 The Intl. Islamic Fiqh Academy, located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

 OIC Specialized Institutions
 These are established within the framework of the
OIC in accordance with the decisions of the
Islamic Summit or Council of Foreign Ministers.
 Membership to these organs is optional and open

to OIC Member States.

 Their budgets are independent of the budget of

the Secretariat General and those of the

subsidiary organs and are approved by their
respective legislative bodies as stipulated in their
Statutes.
 OIC Specialized Institutions
 Islamic Development Bank (IDB) headquartered Jeddah (KSA).

 The Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

(ISESCO), located in Rabat, Morocco

 The Islamic BroadcastingUnion (IBU), headquartered Jeddah (KSA).

 the International Islamic News Agency (IINA), located in

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia headquartered in Jeddah (KSA).

 Islamic Committee of the International Crescent (ICIC)

headquartered at Tripoli (Libya).
 The Science, Technology and Innovation Organization (STIO)
headquartered in Islamabad (Pakistan).
 OIC Affiliated Institutions
 Membership to these institutions is optional and
open to institutions and organs of OIC Member
States.
 Their budgets are independent of the budget of

the Secretariat General and those of subsidiary

and specialized organs.
 Affiliated institutions may be granted observer

status by virtue of a resolution of the Council of

Foreign Ministers.
 They may obtain voluntary assistance from the

subsidiary and specialized organs as well as

from Member States.
 OIC Affiliated Institutions
 Islamic Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agric
ulture (ICCIA)
 Organization of Islamic Capitals and Cities (OICC)
 Islamic Solidarity Sports Federation (ISSF)
 World Federation of Arabo-Islamic International Sc
hools (WFAIIS)
 Organization of the Islamic Shipowners Associatio
n (OISA)
 Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and
Cooperation (ICYF-DC)

 OIC Affiliated Institutions
 International Union of Muslim Scouts (IUMS)
 Federation of Consultants from Islamic Countries (
FCIC)
 Islamic World Academy of Sciences (IAS)
 General Council for Islamic Banks and Financial Ins
titutions (CIBAFI)
 Federation of Contractors from Islamic Countries
(FOCIC)
 OIC Computer Emergency Response Team (OIC-CE
RT)

 OIC Affiliated Institutions
 Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic Coun
tries (SMIIC)
 Islamic Cement Association (ICA), Istanbul, Turkey
 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

 Association of Tax Authorities of Islamic Countries

(ATAIC)
 Real Estate Union in Islamic States (REUOS)
 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation Broadcasting
Regulatory Authorities Forum (IBRAF)

 OIC Affiliated Institutions
Islamic Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture (ICCIA), located in Karachi,
Pakistan.
World Islamic Economic Forum (WIEF), located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Organisation of Islamic Capitals and Cities (OICC), located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Sports Federation of Islamic Solidarity Games, located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Islamic Committee of the International Crescent (ICIC), located in Benghazi, Libya.
Islamic Shipowners Association (ISA), located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
World Federation of International Arab-Islamic Schools, located in Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia.
International Association of Islamic Banks (IAIB), located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and Cooperation,(ICYF-DC)located in
Istanbul, Turkey.
General Council for Islamic Banks and Financial Institutions,(CIBAFI)located in Manama
, Bahrain
 Islamic Universities

 Islamic University of Technology (IUT)

, Bangladesh - Subsidiary Organ
 Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU) - A
ffiliated Institution
 Islamic University Niger (IUN) – Affiliat
ed Institution
 International Islamic university Malays
ia (IIUM) – Affiliated Institution

LIST OF ISLAMIC SUMMIT CONFERENCES

# Date Country Place

1 1st. September 22–25, 1969 Morocco Rabat
2 2nd. February 22–24, 1974 Pakistan Lahore
3 3rd. January 25–29, 1981 Saudi Arabia Makkah and Taif
4 4th January 16–19, 1984 Morocco Casablanca
5 5th January 26–29, 1987 Kuwait Kuwait City
6 6th December 9–11, 1991 Senegal Dakar
7 7th December 13–15, 1994 Morocco Casablanca
8 1st Extraordinary March 23, 1997 Pakistan Islamabad
9 8th December 9–11, 1997 Iran Tehran
10 9th November 12–13, 2000 Qatar Doha
11 2nd Extraordinary March 5, 2003 Qatar Doha
12 10 October 16–17, 2003 Malaysia Putrajaya
13 3rd Extraordinary December 7–8, 2005 Saudi Arabia Makkah
14 11th March 13–14, 2008 Senegal Dakar
15
 4th extraordinary, Makkah, KSA,
(14-15 August 2012)
 12th Cairo, Egypt, (6-7 February, 2013)
 5th Extraordinary, Jakarta-Indonesia

(06 March 2016)

 13th Istanbul, Republic of Turkey

(14-15 APRIL 2016)


OIC Charter
Two and a half years after Rabat, in Muharram
1392H (February 1972), the Islamic Conference of
Foreign Ministers, meeting in its Third Session,
adopted the Charter of the Organization, whose
purpose is to strengthen solidarity and
cooperation among Islamic States in the political,
economic, cultural, scientific and social fields.
 OIC Charter
 Under the Charter, the Organization aims to:

1. Strengthen:

a) Islamic solidarity among Member States;

b) Cooperation in the political, economic, social, cultural and scientific fields:
c) The struggle of all Muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and
national rights.

2. Coordinate action to:

a) Safeguard the Holy Places;

b) Support the struggle of the Palestinian people and assist them in recovering their
rights and liberating their occupied territories.
OIC Charter
3. Work to:

a) Eliminate racial discrimination and all forms of colonialism;

b) Create a favorable atmosphere for the promotion of cooperation
and understanding between Member States and other countries.

The Charter also enumerates principles which OIC Member States

undertake to inspire themselves from, in order to achieve the
objectives of the Organization.
OIC Charter
The Charter also enumerates the principles governing OIC activities,
namely:

1. Full equality among Member States

2.Observation of the right to self determination and non-interference in the
internal affairs of Member States
3. Observation of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of
each State
4.The settlement of any dispute that might arise among Member States by
peaceful means such as negotiations, mediation, conciliation and
arbitration
5. A pledge to refrain, in relations among Member States, from resorting to
force or threatening to resort to the use of force against the unity and
territorial integrity or the political independence of any one of them
OIC and Kashmir Issue
 Pakistan has always used OIC as a platform to gather support
on the Kashmir conflict against the Republic of India. In 1969
King Hassan of Morocco invited the Government of India for
the 1969 Summit in Rabat. But after Pakistan then ruler Gen
Yahya Khan threatened to walk out, an embarrassed King
Hassan apologised and requested the Indian delegates not to
attend the meeting.
 During the OIC 1994 Conference in Tehran, Pakistan succeeded
in persuading the member countries to create the "OIC
Contact Group on Kashmir“.
 Ineffectiveness of OIC
 why the OIC has remained ineffective even though the Muslim world is
large in size and has important resources. Different observers offer
different answers.
 A pet explanation is that the anti-Muslim forces keep conspiring to
prevent Muslim unity. It is also argued that many rulers in Muslim
countries are like puppets that need to have close ties with the West in
order to remain in power. It is said that most Muslim countries do not
have genuine democracy. Their rulers do not represent the true
aspirations of their people. Only democratic leaders could infuse a new
spirit in the OIC.
 Interestingly, the record shows that the only time the Muslim world took a
firm stance against the West was in 1973 when King Faisal imposed the
oil embargo. He could not be described as a democrat.
Ineffectiveness of OIC
 There are some more valid reasons that explain the
ineffectiveness of the OIC.
 Firstly, the hard fact is that national interest is the driving force
in the Muslim world, as is the case with other states in the
world. To give an example, most Arabs feel sympathy for the
Kashmiri Muslims fighting against Indian occupation. But
when it comes to policies, Egypt, Syria, and the PLO give
primacy to their need to maintain good relations with India.
 Secondly, the Muslim world is not a homogenous entity. It is
spread over a large area. Hence, the various Muslim states
have differing preoccupations and priorities. Moreover, there
exist serious differences among the various Muslim countries.
Ineffectiveness of OIC
 The Gulf states have also been distrustful of Iran and their
concerns have been heightened even more since Islamic
revolutionaries came to power in that country and adopted a
republican, anti-West platform.
 Since then, the Shia-Sunni split has widened and has now
reached almost the proportions of a civil war in Iraq. The Iran-
Iraq War, the Gulf War (1990-91) and the US invasion of Iraq in
2003 have seen an accentuation of differences in the region.
 The sectarian split in Lebanon has divided the Arab states. In
North Africa, Morocco and Algeria have had serious differences
and Libya has been at odds with nearly everyone.
Ineffectiveness of OIC
 But it is not only in the Arab world that differences exist
between Muslims. Pakistan and Afghanistan have had a
strained relationship ever since Pakistan came into being. The
emergence of the Taliban in Afghanistan caused strains in
Kabul’s relations with all of its neighbours: at one time, Iran
seemed poised to go to war against the Taliban regime.

With all these ideological, political and sectarian differences,

the Muslim world rarely shows unanimity on key issues. The
OIC cannot act as a united and cohesive body when its
members remain so much divided.
Ineffectiveness of OIC
 Another reason for the ineffectiveness of the OIC has been that
some member states give a higher priority to their regional
bodies (Asean, GCC) as against the OIC.
 The Arab states seem to place a higher emphasis on the Arab
League as compared to the OIC. Perhaps they are worried
that a really effective OIC would eclipse the role of the Arabs
on issues of importance.
OIC Conventions
 General Agreement for Economic, Technical and Commercial Cooperation
among Member States of the Organization of the Islamic Conference.

 Agreement for the Promotion, Protection and Guarantee of Investment among

Member States of The Organization of the Islamic Conference.

 Framework Agreement on Trade Preferential System among the Member States

of the Organization of the Islamic Conference.

 Protocol on the Preferential Tariff Scheme for TPS-OIC (PRETAS)

OIC Conventions
 Statute for the Islamic Civil Aviation Council.
 Statute for the Standards and Metrology Institute for Islamic
countries (SMIIC).
 Statute of Islamic States Telecommunication Union (ISTU)
 Agreement Establishing the Islamic Commission of the
International Crescent
 Statute of the International Islamic Court of Justice
 Statute of the OIC Women Development Organization
 Covenant on the rights of child in Islam
 OIC Convention to Combat Terrorism (1999-1420H)
 Agreement on Immunities and privileges for The Organization
of The Islamic Conference
The End

‫شکريہ‬