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    Proofs of Baudhayana Theorem

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    Neeharika Sampathirao
    Arbs

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Proofs of Baudhayana Theorem

    Uploaded by

    Neeharika Sampathirao
    13 views3 pages
    Arbs

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    Arbs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views3 pages

    Proofs of Baudhayana Theorem

    Uploaded by

    Neeharika Sampathirao
    Arbs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    CBAPff• XXXVII

    PYTHAGORAX' THEOREM ETC.

    Modem Historical Research has revealed-and all the


    modem historians of mathematics have placed on record the
    historical fact tha l tl,e so-called "Pythogoraa' Theorem" was
    known to the ancient Indians long long before the time or
    Pythagoras and t.hat, just as although th e Arabs introduced the
    Indian system of numeralA into the West.em world and distinct-
    ly spoke of them as the "BJ.adu" numeralll, yet , the European
    importers thereof undit1Cemingly dubbed them as the Arabic
    numerals and they ore still described everywhere under that
    designation, airuilo.rly exactly it hu happened ihat, although
    Pythagoras introduced his theorem to the Western math~matical
    nml ,,dcntifl.c world long long afterwards, yet that Theorem
    continues to be known as Pythagoraa' Theorem!
    This theorem is constant ly in requisition in a vast lot of
    11ractfoal mathematical work and is acknowledged by all as
    practically the real foundational pre-requisite for Higher Geo-
    metry (including Solid Geometry), Trigonometry (both plane
    arid Spherical), Analytical Conics, Calculus (Differential and
    Integral) and various otherbranchcaof mathematics (Pure and
    Applied). Yet, the proof of such a basically important arid
    fundamental theorem (as presented, straight from the earliest
    sources known to the scientific world, by Eudid etc., and as still
    rxpounded by tl1t1 moet eminent moderu geometric-ians all
    the world over) is ultrauotorioua for i1 s tedious length, its
    clumsy cumbrousness etc., and for the 1ime aud toil entailed
    on it I
    There are several Vedic proofs, everyone of wbicb is much
    simpler than Euclids' etc. A few of them arc ah.own below:
    ( IIO I
    First Proof
    Here, the square AB=the squ~re KG
    the four congruent right-angled tra1ng)p,t all
    around it.
    Their areas are c•. n,-H) 1 1111rl 4Xl11h
    respectively .
    .·. c•-1.1 -2ah+l1'+'<l•b)=-•'+h'
    Q.E.D.
    Second Proof
    CONSTRUCTION :
    CD-AB=m ; and DE=BC-n .. ·. ABC

    d
    and CDE are Congruent ; and ACE is right-
    angled Isosceles. Now, the trapezium
    ABDE=ABC+cnE+AC'I! .·. tmn+th'+
    lmn-j(m+n)X(m+n)=lm'+mn+tn'
    ,·. fh 1-fm 1 +fn1 .·. A1==m•+•• Q.E.O.
    (N.B. Here we have utilised. the proposition that the area cf
    a trapezium=+ the altitudexthe sum of the parallel
    sides).
    l'llird Proof
    • Here, AE=Bl"=CG=DH-m and EB=
    '.l'C=GD=HA= 11.
    Now, the squae AC-the square EG +
    .. the 4 congruent right-angled triangles around
    it .·. h'+'{lmn)=(m+n) 1-m 1+2m11+11•
    ... l'=-••+11•Q.E.O.
    Founh Proof
    (The proposition to be used here is that the areas or
    similar triangles are proportional to the IQ\ol.NI on the homo-
    logous sides). Here, BD is .l to AC
    .·. The triangles ABC, ABO and BCD
    are similar .
    .·. As between (1) the fint two triancle1
    and (2) ihe first and third ones,
    (IOI)

    AB' _ADD . and BC'=~


    AO ~ - AC' A =
    By addition, ~ ~ = A D ~ • ~ = l

    .·. AB1 +BC'-AC1 Q.B.D,


    Fiji/I Proof
    (This proof is from Co-ordinate Geometry. And, as
    modem Conics and O>-ordinate Geometry (and even Trigono-
    metry) take their genesis from Pythagoras' Theorem, this
    process would be objectionable to the modem mathematician.
    But, as the Vedic Sfttru establish their Conics and Co-ordinate
    Geometry (and even their Calculus), at a very early stage, on
    thfl ha"lA of fint principles and not from Pythagoras' Theorem
    (sir), no ,mch objection can hold good in this case.
    The proposition is the one which
    g1ve1 us the distance between two
    point.a whose co-ordinates have been
    given. Let the points be A and B
    and let their co-ordinates be (a, 0)
    and (0, b) respectively.
    Then, RA v'(,.;•_c....,.O)~,-+-(o---b-)..-;;;-
    v'aiW .·. BA 1 = ••+b 1 Q.E.D.
    Note:-lh: :\polloniu•' Theorem, Ptolemy"• Theorem and a
    vast lot of other Theorems are similarly eaay to solve
    with the aid of the Vedic Sitru, We shall not
    however, go into an elaborate description thereof
    (except f:i the Apolloniue Theorem) just now but shall
    reserve them for a higher stage in the student's studies.

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