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    Computer Software 1

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    lipzee15

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    Computer Software 1

    Uploaded by

    lipzee15
    6 views28 pages

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    computer software 1

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    6 views28 pages

    Computer Software 1

    Uploaded by

    lipzee15

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    COMPUTER

    SOFTWARE
    Computer Software
    The software is the set of
    programs that make the
    computer system active. In
    essence, the software is the set
    of programs that run on the
    computer.
    what is a program?
    A program is a series of
    coded instructions showing
    the logical steps the
    computer follows to solve a
    given problem.

    Classification of Computer
    Software
    The computer software could be
    divided into two major groups,
    namely
    system software (programs),
    application software
    (programs).
    Application Software
    Apply to real-world tasks
    Solves user problems
    Consists of instructions that direct
    a computer system to perform
    specific information processing
    activities and to provide
    functionalities for users
    PC Software Characteristics
     User-friendly

     Easy

     Intuitive

     Minimum training and documentation


    needed to use
    Software Types
    Packaged or Commercial
     Sold
    in stores, catalogs, or downloadable
    from the WWW
     Purchased from software publishers
     Must be installed
     Standard or custom installation
     The setup process copies some of all of the
    software to the hard disk
     May require the CD-ROM to be in the drive to
    run
    Acquiring Software
     Freeware
     Free to all (computer software that is
    available for use at no charge).
     Internet browsers, such as Mozilla Firefox
    and Google Chrome, Adobe acrobat pdf
    reader
     Shareware
     Freely distributed for a trial period
     Pay a nominal fee to register with the
    author
     Operating system, internet download
    manager
    Word Processing
     Uses
     Memos
     Reports
     Correspondence
     Minutes of meetings
     Anything to be typed
     Functions
     Create
     Edit
     Format
     Store
     Print textand graphics
    • Examples- Google docs, Libre Office writer
    , Microsoft word
    Desktop Publishing

     Uses
     Newsletters
     Reports
     Brochures
     Functions
     Handles high-level publishing needs

    • Examples – Microsoft Publisher, Adobe page maker


    Electronic Spreadsheets
     Uses
     Comparing mortgage interest rates
     Preparing budgets
     Tracking weight loss

     Functions
     Manipulates numbers in rows and columns
     Recalculates the results when a number is
    changed
    Examples : Microsoft Exel, Google sheets,
    Electronic Spreadsheets
    Database Management
     Uses
     Keep track of a large number of related facts
     Query the data for specific information
     Retrieve information in a variety of ways

     Functions
     Store data
     Update data
     Manipulate data
     Retrieve data
     Print data in many forms
     Report on data in a variety of ways
     Examples – MySQL, SQLite, Microsoft Access,
    Oracle
    Graphics
     Graphic design jobs involve the creative process
    of coming up with concepts and ideas and
    arrangements for visually communicating a
    specific message.
     Uses
     Maps
     Graphs
     Charts
     Helps to
     Compare data
     Spot trends
     Make decisions
    • Examples – Adobe photoshop, corel draw
    Presentation Graphics
     Uses
     Salestool
     Demonstrate a product
     Show cost/benefit projections on charts
     Present audio/video testimonials from satisfied
    customers
     May contain
     Text
     Graphics
     Audio
     Video
    System Software

    Types of System software


    - Operating System (OS)
    - Device drivers
    - Translators
    - Utility software
    DEVICE DRIVERS
    A device driver is a particular form of
    software application that is designed to
    enable interaction with hardware
    devices. Without the required device
    driver, the corresponding hardware
    device fails to work.

     There are device drivers keyboards,


    printers, scanners, digital cameras and
    external storage devices and so on.
    PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
    A programming language is a
    vocabulary and set of grammatical
    rules for instructing a computer or
    computing device to perform
    specific tasks.

     Examples – C, C++, Python, Java,


    Ruby
    PROGRAMMING
    LANGUAGES
     At the initial stage of computer
    development, programs were
    written in machine language
    conducting the binary system i.e. 0
    and 1. Such programs were hard to
    write, read, debug and maintain. In
    an attempt to solve these problems,
    other computer languages were
    developed.
    Language translators
     However, computers can run
    programs written only in machine
    language. There is therefore the
    need to translate programs written
    in these other languages to
    machine language. The suites of
    languages that translate other
    languages to machine language
    are called language translators.
    Language translators
     Assemblers
     An assembler is a computer
    program that accepts a source
    program in assembly language
    program and reads and translates
    the entire program into an
    equivalent program in machine
    language called the object
    program or object code.
    Assembly Language
     Assembly language is a low-level
    language created in the early days
    of computing as an alternative to
    machine language. Instead of using
    binary numbers for instructions,
    assembly language uses short words
    that are known as mnemonics.
    Assembly Language
    A mnemonic is an abbreviation for
    an operation. For example, in
    assembly language, the mnemonic
    add typically means to add
    numbers, mul typically means to
    multiply numbers, inc means
    increase by one, and mov typically
    means to move a value to a
    location in memory.
    Assembly Language
    When a programmer uses
    assembly language to write a
    program, he or she can write
    short mnemonics instead of
    binary numbers.
    Assembly Language
    A mnemonic is an alphabetical
    abbreviation used as memory aid. This
    means a programmer can use
    abbreviation instead of having to
    remember lengthy binary instruction
    codes. For example, it is much easier to
    remember L for Load, A for Add, B for
    Branch, and C for Compare than the
    binary equivalents i.e different
    combinations of 0s and 1s.
    Assembly Language
     Although, assembly language
    programming offers an improvement over
    machine language programming, it is still
    an arduous task, requiring the
    programmer to write programs based on
    particular computer operation codes. It is
    still required to rewrite every piece of
    code for every machine. Only computer
    specialists familiar with the architecture of
    the computer being used can use them.
    Language translators
    Interpreters:An interpreter is a
    program that accepts program
    from a source language, reads,
    translates and executes it, line
    by line, into machine
    language.
    Language translators
     Compilers: A compiler is a
    computer program that accepts a
    source program in a high-level
    language, reads and translates into
    an equivalent program in machine
    language, called the object
    program or object code. Such high-
    level languages include C, Fortran,
    or Java.

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