UNDERSTANDING THE SELF: PHYSICAL SELF those around them, usually resulting in viewing their

own bodies harsher.

Physical Self – one of the most personal concerns;
concrete dimension and tangible aspect of a person;
directly observed and examined.
BODY IMAGE & SELF-ESTEEM
Beauty – combination of qualities (shape, color, form);
pleases the aesthetic senses (sight) Wilder states that how people view themselves, or their
body image, can vastly affect their self-esteem, or
Halo Effect – cognitive bias, judgement, discrepancy in overall feeling of worth.
which our impression of a person dictates the
assumptions we make about that individual. According to Jung and Lee (2006), the lower or more
THE PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS STEREOTYPE negative one’s body image, the lower his or her self-
esteem. In addition, the more optimistically one feels
- Attractive people are perceived to be smarter, about his or her appearance, the more optimistically he
funnier, and more likable than less attractive or she will feel about him or herself overall.
people.
BEAUTIFUL IS BEST CULTIVATING A HEALTHY SELF BODY IMAGE
ATTRACTIVE PEOPLE: 1. Focusing on your unique qualities
2. Focusing on your education - Learning gives
- Afforded higher pay.
you the power to make a difference in your life
- More opportunities
and in the lives of others.
- Special treatment
3. Participating in a variety of sports or
- Free pass
activities - This can be a great way to stay
- Hired sooner, get promoted quickly.
healthy and fit, which adds to a positive body
- Receive extra benefits and perks.
image.
PREFERENCE FOR ATTRACTIVENESS 4. Taking up a new hobby or learning to play an
instrument. - Have you ever wanted to play the
guitar? Maybe you want to learn how to play
THE IMPACT OF CULTURE IN BODY IMAGE chess. Take time to find your hidden talents!
5. Setting and reaching new goals - Having
Body Image – perception of ourselves and our own something to look forward to can give you a
body; the way we feel about our body. sense of pride and help you work through
different challenges throughout your life.
Influenced by the environment in which we are
6. Being an inspiration to others - If you thought
immersed in, biological make up, and genetic
of your own ways to cope with social situations
predisposition.
and find confidence, you may find it rewarding
Culture has a significant impact on how we feel about to share advice and offer encouragement to
ourselves and the way we think about our body. Many
UNDERSTANDING THE SELF: SEXUAL SELF
cultural traditions also contribute to body image and can
influence either negative or positive body image and SEXUALITY – sexual feelings, thoughts, attractions,
self-esteem. and behaviors towards people.
Ideal standards of body sizes are culturally specific (Mei BIOLOGICAL
Yam, 2013)
- Assigned sex at birth, including sex organs such
Americans, thinness as ovaries (female) or testes (male).
Black Americans, bigger, thicker, voluptuous SEX HORMONES
Asians, extreme thinness even more than White - Females and males have the same hormones, but
Americans differs in level of amount, production sites,
blood concentrations, and interactions with
different organs, systems, and apparatus.
THE IMPACT OF BODY IMAGE TO SELF-
FEMALE MALE
ESTEEM
Estrogen and
SELF-ESTEEM Testosterone
Progesterone
According to K. Wilder (2008), body image is an Women do produce Men also produce small
increasingly important topic in this day and age. Today’s small amounts of amounts of estrogen
society displays immense pressures to be thin, fit, and testosterone and progesterone
beautiful. The constant measures of thinness and beauty
lead people to scrutinize their own appearance as well as
DIFFERENCE OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
 - Term used when a person is born with 5 – Mostly homosexual, only slightly heterosexual
reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit
6 – Exclusively homosexual
the typical definitions of female or male.
Types of Sexual Orientation
Intersex – another term for DSD,
hermaphrodite, describes people with 1. Heterosexual – attracted to different gender /
differences of sex development. opposite sex.
2. Homosexual - attracted to people of the same
ADOLESCENCE STAGE gender, often call themselves as gay or lesbian.
3. Bisexual – attracted to both men and women.
- Secondary sex characteristics have unusual
4. Pansexual – attractions span across many
development or absence of it (menstruation,
different gender identities.
male breast growth)
5. Asexual – doesn’t express any sexual attraction
ADULTHOOD for anyone.
- Discover upon trying to conceive (having two
uterus, undescended testes)
SOCIAL
- Social aspect of sexual self, composing of:
PSYCHOLOGICAL
1. Gender Roles
- Scientific examinations of our thoughts, o Set of social expectations about
emotions, behavior, both individually and behaviors, characteristics, and thoughts
culturally. for what is considered masculine and
feminine.
GENDER IDENTITY (Intrapersonal)
2. Gender Stereotypes
- Refers to how you feel inside and how you o Can cause unequal and unfair treatment.
express your gender through clothing, behavior, Stereotypes - widely accepted judgement or
and personal appearance; isn’t about who you bias about person or a group
are attracted to, but who you are.
Sexism – lies at the root of gender
inequality.
1. CISGENDER – people who identify with their
sex assigned at birth (Cisgender Female & 3. Human Relationships
Cisgender Male) o Innate need for human connection
2. TRANSGENDER – people whose gender
identity do not coincide with their sex TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE
(Transgender Female & Transgender Male) - Explains the topic of love in an interpersonal
SEXUAL ORIENTATION (Interpersonal) relationship.
- Robert Sternberg’s three different scales:
- Gender(s) you are sexually attracted to and intimacy, passion, and commitment.
want to have relationships with. - Relationships based on a single element is less
- Who you feel drawn to romantically, likely to survive than one based on two or more.
emotionally, and sexually.
- Not necessarily something that’s noticeable to Intimacy Closeness, connectedness, and
others. bondedness
- Gay, Lesbian, Straight, Bisexual, Asexual Passion Feelings and desires, physical
attraction, romance, and sexual
Alfred Kinsley fulfillment
Commitment Feelings that lead a person to
- Sexual orientation is continuum. remain with someone
- Sexual orientation is fluid.
Kinsley Scale / Kinsley Six Scale UNDERSTANDING THE SELF: SPIRITUAL SELF
X – No sociosexual contacts or reactions SPIRITUAL SELF
0 – Exclusively heterosexual -
1 – Mostly heterosexual, only slightly homosexual RELIGION
2 – Mostly heterosexual, but more than slightly -
homosexual
RITUAL
3 – Equally heterosexual and homosexual
-
4 – Mostly homosexual but more than slightly
heterosexual
RELIGION SPIRITUALITY