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    Kaplanlearn - Key Concepts 14

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    The document discusses key concepts related to several common probability distributions including the uniform, binomial, Poisson, normal, lognormal, t, chi-squared, and F distributions. It also covers mixture distributions which combine parametric and nonparametric distributions.

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    Kaplanlearn - Key Concepts 14

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    Loic Mbakop
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    The document discusses key concepts related to several common probability distributions including the uniform, binomial, Poisson, normal, lognormal, t, chi-squared, and F distributions. It also covers mixture distributions which combine parametric and nonparametric distributions.

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    The document discusses key concepts related to several common probability distributions including the uniform, binomial, Poisson, normal, lognormal, t, chi-squared, and F distributions. It also covers mixture distributions which combine parametric and nonparametric distributions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views2 pages

    Kaplanlearn - Key Concepts 14

    Uploaded by

    Loic Mbakop
    The document discusses key concepts related to several common probability distributions including the uniform, binomial, Poisson, normal, lognormal, t, chi-squared, and F distributions. It also covers mixture distributions which combine parametric and nonparametric distributions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    27/01/2023, 11:07 Kaplanlearn - Key Concepts

    SCHWESERNOTES - BOOK 2

    Key Concepts

    LO 14.a
    A continuous uniform distribution is one where the probability of X occurring in a
    possible range is the length of the range relative to the total of all possible values.
    Letting a and b be the lower and upper limit of the uniform distribution, respectively,
    then for a ≤ x1 ≤ x2 ≤ b,

    (x2 −x1 )
    P (x1 ≤ X ≤ x2 ) =
    (b−a)

    The binomial distribution is a discrete probability distribution for a random variable, X,


    that has one of two possible outcomes: success or failure. The probability of a specific
    number of successes in n independent binomial trials is:
    n! n−x
    x
    p (x) = P (X = x) = p (1 − p)
    (n−x)!x!

    where p = the probability of success in a given trial


    The Poisson random variable, X, refers to a specific number of successes per unit. The
    probability for obtaining X successes, given a Poisson distribution with parameter λ, is:
    x −λ
    λ e
    P (X = x) =
    x!

    The normal probability distribution has the following characteristics:


    The normal curve is symmetrical and bell-shaped with a single peak at the exact
    center of the distribution.
    Mean = median = mode, and all are in the exact center of the distribution.
    The normal distribution can be completely defined by its mean and standard
    deviation because the skew is always 0 and kurtosis is always 3.
    A standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard
    deviation of 1. A normal random variable, x, can be normalized (changed to a standard
    normal, z) with the transformation z = (x – mean of x) / standard deviation of x.

    A lognormal distribution exists for random variable Y, when Y = eX, and X is normally
    distributed.
    The t-distribution is similar, but not identical, to the normal distribution in shape—it is
    defined by the degrees of freedom and has fatter tails. The t-distribution is used to
    construct confidence intervals for the population mean when the population variance is
    not known.

    https://www.kaplanlearn.com/education/dashboard/index/e9dd25b9e32c472ab22c9826b025996f/course/73233533/node/5021661 1/2
    27/01/2023, 11:07 Kaplanlearn - Key Concepts

    Degrees of freedom for the t-distribution is equal to n − 1; Student's t-distribution is


    closer to the normal distribution when df is greater, and confidence intervals are
    narrower when df is greater.
    The chi-squared distribution is asymmetrical, bounded below by zero, and approaches
    the normal distribution in shape as the degrees of freedom increase.
    The F-distribution is right-skewed and is truncated at zero on the left-hand side. The
    shape of the F-distribution is determined by two separate degrees of freedom.

    LO 14.b
    Mixture distributions combine the concepts of parametric and nonparametric
    distributions. The component distributions used as inputs are parametric while the
    weights of each distribution within the mixture are based on historical data, which is
    nonparametric.

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