Final Assignment-2

Life Sciences/Grade 12 Formal Assignment 10 August 2023
NORTHERN CAPE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
GRADE 12
10 AUGUST 2023
ASSIGMENT
TOPICS:
Endocrine System
Homeostasis
Reaction to the Environment: Plants
Evolution
MARKS: 50
TIME: 60 minutes
This assignment consists of 7 pages.
Copyright reserved Please turn over

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. This ASSIGNMENT MUST be done individually and under controlled conditions.
2. Answer ALL questions.
3. Write ALL answers in your ANSWER BOOK.
4. Start the answer to EACH question at the top of a NEW page.
5. Number the questions correctly in accordance to the numbering system used in

the paper.
6. Present your answers according to the instructions of each question.
7. All drwaings must be done in pencil and labelled in blue or black ink.
8. Draw diagrams or flow charts ONLY when ASKED to do so.
9. Diagrams in this assignment are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.
10. You may use a non-programmable calculator and protractor when needed.
11. Write neatly and legibly.

QUESTION 1
Study the graph below showing the changes in the glucagon concentration during
exercise.
Changes in the blood glucagon concentration

over time
Blood glucagon concentration
picogram/ml
Time (minutes)
1.1 Name the exocrine gland which is sensitive to the amount of glucose in
blood. (1)
1.2 Distinguish between an endocrine and an exocrine gland. (2)
1.3 Describe the trend for the changes in the glucagon level over time. (3)
1.4 Explain the changes in the level of glucagon from 0 to 10 minutes. (3)
1.5 Taking into account the pattern for glucagon concentration from 0 to 10
minutes in the graph above, what will you expect to happen to the insulin
concentration for the same period? (1)
(10)

QUESTION 2
The table below shows how body temperature is regulated by heat production and heat
loss.
BODY HEAT PRODUCTION HEAT LOSS

TEMPERATURE (JOULES PER SECOND) (JOULES PER
(ºC) SECOND)
36,4 320 5
36,6 260 5
36,8 150 35
36,9 90 90
37,0 90 100
37,2 90 180
37,4 90 310
2.1 Name the part of the brain that controls body temperature. (1)
2.2 Are the blood vessels that supply blood to the skin constricted or dilated
when the body temperature is 36,4 ºC? (1)
2.3 Explain the advantage of the diameter of the blood vessels

(constricted/dilated) mentioned in your answer to QUESTION 2.2 (4)
2.4 Heat loss is the greatest at 37,4 ºC.

Explain the mechanism used by the body to increase heat loss. (4)
(10)

QUESTION 3
A learner conducted an investigation to determine the effect of auxins and the effect of
gravity on root growth in pea seedlings. He used the following procedure:
• He germinated pea seeds for seven days.

• He then took a sample of 15 seedlings and divided them into 3 groups (A to C) of 5
seedlings each.
• In each group 5 seedlings were placed horizontally on 3 different clinostats
A clinostat is a device which has a disc that rotates at a constant speed.

A diagram of a clinostat is shown below.
• He removed the root tips of all 5 seedlings at the same length in group B.
• In groups A and B the clinostats were left stationary (no rotation).
• In group C the clinostat was allowed to rotate.
• All 3 clinostats were placed in a dark cupboard
A summary of the learner's procedure is shown in the table below
GROUP A GROUP B GROEP C

Root tips No root tips Root tips
present present
Stationary Stationary Rotating
clinostat clinostat clinostat
After two days the direction of root growth was observed.

3.1 Which TWO groups were used to obtain information about:
(a) The effect of auxins on root growth (1)
(b) The effect of gravity on root growth (1)
3.2 Explain why the apparatus was placed in a dark cupboard. (2)
3.3 Describe the expected results for each of group’s B and C in this
investigation. (2)
3.4 Explain the expected results for group A. (2)
3.5 State TWO ways in which the learner ensured a high level of validity for
this investigation. (2)
(10)

QUESTION 4
Darwin noticed different species of tortoises on the Galapagos Islands. Two of these
tortoises, which are drawn to scale, are shown below.
Tortoise 1 Tortoise 2
4.1 Tabulate TWO visible differences between the two species of tortoises. (5)
4.2 The two species of tortoises shown above lived on different islands.
Darwin suggested that they might have evolved from a common ancestor.
Explain how this could have occurred. (5)
(10)

QUESTION 5
Three populations of butterflies, A, B and C live separately on three oceanic islands.

The butterflies on Island 2 and Island 3 originated from Island 1.
The islands experience strong prevailing winds from the north-west throughout the year.
Populations A and B can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Population B can mate with Population C, but the offspring are infertile. Mating does
not occur between Populations A and C at all.
5.1 How many species are represented by the three populations? (1)
5.2 Explain your answer to QUESTION 5.1. (1)
5.3 Populations A and B can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
(a) Distinguish between a species and population. (4)
(b) Why is it important that the offspring produced through interbreeding

between population A and B is fertile. (2)
5.4 What is the significance of the fact that mating does not occur between
organisms A and C (2)
(10)
TOTAL [50]

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Life Sciences/Grade 12 Formal Assignment 10 August 2023

NORTHERN CAPE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

This assignment consists of 7 pages.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This ASSIGNMENT MUST be done individually and under controlled conditions.

2. Answer ALL questions.

3. Write ALL answers in your ANSWER BOOK.

4. Start the answer to EACH question at the top of a NEW page.

5. Number the questions correctly in accordance to the numbering system used in

6. Present your answers according to the instructions of each question.

8. Draw diagrams or flow charts ONLY when ASKED to do so.

9. Diagrams in this assignment are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.

11. Write neatly and legibly.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

Changes in the blood glucagon concentration

1.2 Distinguish between an endocrine and an exocrine gland. (2)

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BODY HEAT PRODUCTION HEAT LOSS

2.3 Explain the advantage of the diameter of the blood vessels

2.4 Heat loss is the greatest at 37,4 ºC.

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• He germinated pea seeds for seven days.

A clinostat is a device which has a disc that rotates at a constant speed.

GROUP A GROUP B GROEP C

After two days the direction of root growth was observed.

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3.1 Which TWO groups were used to obtain information about:

(a) The effect of auxins on root growth (1)

(b) The effect of gravity on root growth (1)

3.4 Explain the expected results for group A. (2)

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Explain how this could have occurred. (5)

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Three populations of butterflies, A, B and C live separately on three oceanic islands.

Populations A and B can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

5.2 Explain your answer to QUESTION 5.1. (1)

5.3 Populations A and B can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

(a) Distinguish between a species and population. (4)

(b) Why is it important that the offspring produced through interbreeding

Copyright reserved Please turn over

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