Installation Manual for

Bifacial PV Module

1
 Catalogue
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Scope of liability ..................................................................................................................................... 3
2 Regulations......................................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Safety Precautions ............................................................................................................................................. 3

3.1 General safety.......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Operation safety measures....................................................................................................................... 5
4 Handling, unloading and unpacking ............................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Transport and unloading .......................................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Demolition package................................................................................................................................. 9
4.3 Stack ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
5 Mechanical installation ................................................................................................................................... 11
5.1 Environment .......................................................................................................................................... 11
5.2 Tilt angle selection ................................................................................................................................ 12
5.3 Mounting Guide .................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.1 Bolted mounting ........................................................................................................................ 13
5.3.2 Clamped mounting .................................................................................................................... 13
5.3.3 Tracking bracket ........................................................................................................................ 23
6 Electrical Installation ...................................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Electrical characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 25
6.2 Electrical connection ............................................................................................................................. 26
6.3 Grounding.............................................................................................................................................. 27
7 Maintenance..................................................................................................................................................... 28
7.1 Routine Inspection................................................................................................................................. 28
7.2 PV module cleaning .............................................................................................................................. 28
Modified version and date ...................................................................................................................................... 29

2
 CHSM72N(DG)/F-HC CHSM66RN(DG)/F-BH
1 Introduction
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH CHSM72RN(DG)/F-BH
We appreciate for your trust and confidence towards
CHSM54RNs(DG)(BLH)/F-BH CHSM54RNs(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
the photovoltaic (PV) module products manufactured
by Astronergy. CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-BH CHSM54RNs(DGT)/F-BH

CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-HC
Please read all instructions and the electrical and
mechanical requirements in this manual carefully
1.2 Scope of liability
before installation. Specialized skills are required for
installing and operating PV modules, and only No warranty expressed or implied is made with regard
professionals are capable to perform this task. All to any information in this manual because how this
safety precautions in this manual shall be strictly manual is complied with is beyond the control of
observed during installation, and the manual shall be Astronergy. Astronergy shall not be liable for any
properly kept for further reference. The installer must form of loss, including but not limited to loss, damage,
inform the end customer (or consumer) accordingly. casualty or additional cost caused by improper
installation, operation, use and maintenance of PV
1.1 Purpose
modules and systems.
This document provides detailed instructions and
Astronergy reserves the right to update this manual
safety precautions regarding the installation, electrical
without prior notice. In case of any inconsistency
connection, and maintenance of following PV modules
between the description of different language versions
manufactured by Astronergy:
of this manual, the Chinese version shall prevail.
Table 1 This manual applies to photovoltaic module types
2 Regulations
CHSM48N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH

CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH The mechanical installation and electrical connection

of PV systems should be performed in accordance with
CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC
local laws, regulations and corresponding international
CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH and domestic standards including electrical codes,

CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH building codes and electrical connection requirements.

Such requirements may vary from different mounting
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH CHSM60M(DG)/F-HC
location, e.g. rooftop system and floating systems.
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH Requirements may also vary with system voltage and

CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH for DC/AC applications. Please contact local

authorities for detailed governing regulations.
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH

CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 3 Safety Precautions

3
 Astronergy’s modules are designed to meet the higher.
requirements of IEC61215 and IEC61730, and they
 It is forbidden to install the module on land < 50m
have been qualified for Application Class A
away from the sea (please contact the technical
(equivalent to Safety Class II requirements).
team of Astronergy for evaluation and confirmation
Modules can be applied to publicly accessible
within 50m), and the connector needs to be
systems operating at greater than 50V DC or 240W.
protected or added the dust plug when installing the
 The module design complies with IEC61730 and module in the area within 50~500m distance from
UL61730 standards and meets Class C fire rating the sea. Other anti-rust measures are also necessary
(IEC61730), type 29 fire rating (UL61730 for US to prevent the relevant components from rusting
market) and Class C fire rating (UL61730 for (please contact the technical team of Astronergy to
Canada market). confirm the specific protective measures). The
modules must be connected immediately after
！WARNING
removing the dust plug.

Read and understand all safety instructions before

 During the installation and turnover of modules at
installing, wiring, handling, maintaining PV modules.
the Project place，The rainproof measures should be
PV modules generate direct current electricity when
taken to prevent the outer box from getting wet.
they are exposed to sunlight or other light sources.
Whether the module is connected or not, direct contact  When installing or operating PV modules on rainy
with the live part of the module such as the wiring days or dewy mornings, take appropriate protective
terminal may cause personal injury or even death. measures to prevent moisture from penetrating the
connectors.
3.1 General safety
 Unauthorized personnel are prohibited from
 Before installation, please contact the relevant local
approaching the installation area or PV module
authority to make sure the installation permit and
storage area.
installation inspection requirements can meet the
local requirements. The installation process should  It is forbidden to install or use damaged PV
comply with the safety rules applicable to all modules.
components in the system, including cables,
 It is forbidden to repair PV modules by
terminals, charging monitors, batteries, inverters,
unauthorized personnel, including but not limited
etc.
to replacing any part of PV modules (such as
 Installation and maintenance must be completed by diodes, junction boxes, connectors, etc.).
professionally qualified engineers. During the
 It is forbidden to plug in connectors of different
installation, wear safety helmets, insulating gloves,
types and models.
safety shoes and use insulating tools to avoid the
direct contact with a DC voltage of 30V or even

4
 It is forbidden to expose PV modules to the factory). and confirm whether there is dust and
following substances: grease or organic ester dusty areas in the installation environment (metal
compounds (e.g. DOP, plasticizers), aromatics, dust factory roof exhaust windows, chemical plants,
phenols, ketones, halogenated substances, mineral etc.), to effectively avoid them, which will cause
oil, alkanes (e.g. gasoline, cleaning lubricants, the temperature of the covered solar cells will rise
electronic resurrection agents), alcohol, adhesive (hot spot effect), as well as power generation loss.
sheets that can generate oxime gas and potting glue And in serious cases, the photovoltaic modules may
(only for connectors), TBP (plasticizer), detergent, be burned and even cause fire.
etc., to avoid chemical damage and affect the
 For photovoltaic modules that are used in deserts,
electrical safety performance of PV modules.
windy and sandy areas, water surfaces, or need
 Photovoltaic module installation is prohibited on long-term transportation and storage, it is
windy days. recommended to use connector dust caps before
installation, or take other measures to prevent sand
 Avoid focusing sunlight on PV modules.
and dust from entering the connectors, otherwise it
may cause insertion problems or electrical safety
 It is forbidden to place PV Modules where
hazards.
flammable gas may be generated.

 After the modules are installed on the rack, it is

 It is forbidden to install PV modules on movable
recommended to plug in the connectors on the
platform, excepting tracking systems.
same day to prevent moisture or wind and sand
 It is forbidden to disassemble and move any part of from invading, causing mating or use problems.
the PV module; if the connector of the PV module
 For wiring connections, please use standard PV
is wet, do not perform any actions to avoid the risk
copper wires with a cross-section area of at least
of electric shock.
4mm2, and should be light-resistant and
 It is forbidden to connect or disconnect the PV temperature-resistant at a minimum of 90℃
module when there is electrical current or external
3.2 Operation safety measures
electrical current.

 Avoid package damaging and falling during

 The cover of the junction box should always be
transportation and storage. Ensure the packing
kept closed.
cases are well ventilated, water-proof and dry.
 The photovoltaic modules should be avoided to be After the arrival, carefully open the outer package
partially shaded for a long time (it is recommended and prevent scratches and bumps of PV modules.
to confirm the installation environment before When stacking PV modules, strictly follow the
installation, such as: parapet walls, chimneys, stacking requirements in chapter 4.3.
skylights and other obstructions on the roof of the
 Avoid impact or scratches on any part of the PV

5
 module, otherwise the reliability and safety of the ventilation between the PV modules and the
PV module will be affected; standing or walking on installation surface. In order to ensure the fire
the PV module is prohibited; at the same time, in rating on the roof, the minimum distance between
order to avoid glass damage, it is forbidden to the frame of the PV module and the roof surface is
apply excessive load or distorted PV modules. 10cm.

 Do not install or carry PV modules by one person.  The connectors must be fully mated when wiring. It
It is forbidden to pick up, drag, or move PV is recommended to attach the cable to the C-side
modules by grabbing the junction box (including bezel or to the side of the bracket with a
the box body, cables, and connectors); when UV-resistant nylon cable ties to avoid connector
placing a PV module on a flat surface, it must be detachment and direct sunlight. If the cable is too
operated carefully and be aware of bumps in the long, the bending radius of the wire should not be
corners. less than 48mm.

 When installing or repairing the PV system, do not  Avoid directly exposing cables and connectors to
wear any metal accessories to avoid the risk of sunlight. Please use anti-UV cables.
electric shock; if it is installed far above the ground,
 Do not disconnect the electrical connection when
please wear a seat belt.
there is a load.
 When operating PV modules in the sun, please use
 It is strictly forbidden to try to disassemble the PV
insulated tools, and wear rubber gloves and
module, and it is strictly prohibited to remove the
protective clothing. At the same time, in order to
nameplate of the PV module or other parts on the
avoid the risk of arc and electric shock, do not
PV module; it is strictly forbidden to paint or apply
directly touch the junction box and the end of the
any adhesive on the surface of the PV module.
output cable (connector) with bare hands.

 It is strictly forbidden to drill holes in the frame of

 For electrical connection, choose a dry and
the PV module.
weak-light morning or evening; or use opaque
materials to completely cover the surface of the PV
 It is strictly forbidden to scratch the anodized layer
modules to prevent current generation.
on the surface of the aluminum alloy frame, except
when it is connected to the ground. Scratches may
 A certain distance between the PV module and the
cause corrosion of the frame, affecting the frame's
installation surface should be kept to prevent the
load-bearing capacity and long-term reliability.
installation surface from touching the junction box.

 If the PV module glass or other packaging

 When installing on the roof, comply with the fire
materials are damaged, please wear personal
protection requirements of the building. It is
protective equipment to separate the PV module
recommended to install PV modules on a fireproof
from the site or the circuit. It is strictly forbidden to
and insulated roof covering, and ensure adequate

6
 touch wet PV modules, unless you are wearing project site, they must be packed in the packaging box
electric shock protection equipment that meets the provided by Astronergy, and they should be stored in
requirements. the original packaging box before installation. Please
protect the packaging from damage.
 When professionals replace or repair PV modules,
do not damage the surrounding PV modules or their It is necessary to ensure the safety when unloading PV
support structures. modules, especially when hoisting roof projects. The
PV modules should be placed in a protective device
 When cleaning PV modules, you must follow the
and then hoisted to the roof to prevent the packing box
cleaning requirements of PV modules.
from deforming and bumping against the wall during
the hoisting process.
 The connectors must be kept dry and clean to
ensure that they are in good working condition. Do
There are two packaging methods for Module of
not insert other metal objects into the connector or
210mm-wafer, vertical portrait package and vertical
make electrical connections in any other way.
landscape package. The requirements for unloading
and unpacking are also different. The packaging
4 Handling, unloading and unpacking
method is as follows:
 If the PV module is not in use, please do not open
the product packaging. The goods should be stored
in a dark, dry and ventilated place. If the PV
modules are stored in an uncontrollable
environment, the storage time must be less than 3
months when the outer packaging of the PV
modules is kept intact.

 It is recommended to unpack an appropriate

number of PV modules per day according to the Vertical portrait package Vertical landscape package

project progress, and the unpacked PV modules

should be installed within a day. If unpacking too Matters needing attention for unloading with crane:
many PV modules and being stacked on the ground,
1. Use specialized equipment for crane operation.
in severe weather such as heavy rain and typhoons,
Select suitable hoisting equipment with enough
the PV modules may be immersed in water for a
strength according to the weight and the size of the
long time affecting the reliability of the product or
load. Adjust the position of the sling to ensure the
be scraped away.
center of gravity is stable and keep moving at a

4.1 Transport and unloading stable speed. Place the package lightly on a flat
ground and right the package.
During the transportation of the PV modules to the
2. Do not unload the modules under conditions of

7
 wind over class 6, rain and snow. the pallet at least 3/4 of the pallet depth during
unloading(the forks length L ≥ 3/4 of pallet
3. For vertical portrait packages, do not lift up more
length),the backrest height should be not less than
than 2 pallets of modules at once. For vertical
1.7m and the backrest width should be not less
landscape packages, do not lift up more than 2
than 1.5m
pallets of modules at once. For lateral unloading,
remove the pallet stacking belts before unloading. 3. The contact position between the backrest and the
module package should be fixed with a buffer
material (preferably silicone, rubber, EPE) to
prevent the forklift from damaging the modules.

4. Since the packing box will block the sight of the

forklift driver, it is recommended to drive
backwards during the forklifting, and arrange for
Hoisting equipment
special supervision and command to prevent
bumping into people or items causing personal
injury or damage to the modules.

Vertical portrait package unloading with crane

Vertical portrait package unloading with forklift

Vertical landscape package unloading with crane

Matters needing attention for forklift unloading:

1. Unload from both sides of the truck.

2. Select a suitable tonnage forklift according to the Vertical landscape package unloading with forklift

module weight, the fork distance should be

adjusted to the maximum position without any
interference to the pallet, the forks should go into

8
 pressure ≥ 1.5 ton). When the entire module
package leans on the backrest, the backrest shall
not be deformed due to the pressure. the package
must be fixed using a safety rope with tensile
strength of ≥ 2000kgf, and place safety
guardrail on both sides of the forklift.
Backrest: height≥ 1.7m, width ≥ 1.5m

2. The forklift should be driven at a controlled

speed of ≤ 5 km/h in straight, and ≤ 3 km/h for
turning, so as to avoid sudden stop and rapid start

3. When using the hydraulic vehicle to transport

the modules, the distance between the upper
Cushion materials in front of the backrest
surface of the fork and the ground should be less
than or equal to 75mm.

！Special instructions

Due to the limitation of the height of the container,

when the photovoltaic modules are removed from the
container, the distance between the upper surface of
.
the forklift tines and the ground should be less than
50mm, otherwise collisions may easily occur, which Forklift operation

may damage the photovoltaic modules. Unload the

front-most package in turn.

Distance between the upper surface of the forklift tines and the

Unloading from container ground

Packaging turnover points are as follows: 4.2 Demolition package

1. When transporting the vertical portrait packages, Before unpacking, please make sure that the packaging
the entire module package shall prop against the box is in good condition, it is recommended to use art
backrest, backrest shall perpendicular to the fork, knife to remove the packing belt and wrapping film.
and the structure must be firm (withstand Violent removal is prohibited to avoid scratching the
modules in the box. It is strictly prohibited to unload

9
modules under the weather conditions of wind speed 6)push the module gently to tilt towards the stand
greater than Level 6, heavy rain or heavy snow. supporter.

Please follow the recommended unpacking steps to 7) Cut the remaining packing belts.
unpack the modules. When unpacking, it must be
8) Tear off the anti-fallen tape on the first module in
operated by two or more people at the same time.
the front, and then take out the modules in order.
Always wear insulating gloves when handling the
modules.

If the unpacked modules are not installed immediately,

they should be fixed to the stand supporter with a
safety rope. When the modules need to be temporarily
stored after unpacking, they should be neatly and
stably stacked on two pallets of appropriate size, the Vertical portrait package unpacking steps
number of stacked modules should not exceed 14.
3. A fixed support (wall, rack, stable unpacked module
1. Prepare the following tools before unpacking: art
pallets, etc.) must be ready for vertical landscape
knife (scissors), safety hat, stand supporter, safety
package unpacking, and the steps are as follows
shoes and anti-cutting gloves.
1) Remove the packing belts, wrapping film, top cover
and carton box.

2) Cut off the horizontal packing belts.

Safety helmet Pen knife Stand supporter
3) Cut off the vertical packing belts excepting two
2. Stand supporter must be used for vertical portrait inner belts, then push the module gently to tilt towards
package unpacking, and the steps are as follows: the stand supporter.

1) Remove the packing belts, wrapping film, top cover 4) Cut the remaining packing belts.
and carton box.
5) Take out the modules in order.
2) Place the stand supporter into the bottom of the
pallet from the front or back side

3) Insert fixed bolts into the front hole of the support.

4) Cut off the horizontal packing belts.

Vertical landscape package unpacking steps
5) Cut off the vertical packing belts excepting two
inner belts. 4.3 Stack

10
When taking out the PV module from the packing box, not place modules on area with poor water drainage.
put the cardboard on the ground first to prevent the PV
For long-term storage, it is recommended to store the
module from colliding and scratching with the cement
modules in a standard warehouse with regular
surface, hard object on the ground, color steel tile,
inspection, reinforce the package in a timely manner if
metal corrugated, etc.
any anomalies are found.
When the PV modules are stacked, they must be neatly
and stably stacked on a horizontal surface, and stacked
with the front side of the bottom module facing up, the
back side of other modules facing down. At the same
time, there must be cardboard bedding under the PV
modules, the number of piles should not exceed 14. At No soft ground and water No inclination angle > 4°
the same time, avoid installation tools and other
objects on the surface of the PV module. 5 Mechanical installation

Astronergy PV modules adopt high and low current 5.1 Environment

bins, and the handlers need to place them separately

 Recommended ambient temperature: -20°C to 50°C;
and mark them according to the markings on the
extreme operating ambient temperature for PV
power list on the PV module outer packaging (for
modules: -40 °C to 85°C.
example, 670W-L means low current bin; 670W-H
means high current bin; the current division method  Mechanical load on PV modules: under standard
required by other customers is similar); According to installation conditions, the maximum tested
the system design requirements, modules of the same snow/wind load is 5400 Pa/2400 Pa and the design
current bin are usually required to be installed in the load (considering a safety factor of 1.5 times) is
same array. 3600 Pa/1600 Pa. Refer to 5.3 for detailed
installation and mechanical loads.
If the customer requires PV modules to be
distinguished by color, the outer packaging box shall  PV modules are strictly forbidden to be installed
be marked accordingly, and the PV modules shall be and used in environments with excessive amounts
marked to prevent confusion when they are taken out of hail, snow, hurricanes, sand, soot, air pollution,
of the packaging box and stacked up. According to the and etc. PV modules are strictly forbidden to be
system design requirements, the color of PV modules installed or used in environments where there are
in the same row or the same array should be the same. strongly corrosive substances (e.g. salt, salt spray,
brine, active chemical vapors, acid rain, strong
Modules should be stored in a dry and ventilated
vapor confined environments or any other
environment on a flat ground. Do not place modules
substance that will corrode PV modules and affect
on soft ground to avoid damage or dumping of the
their safety or performance).
modules due to ground deformation or collapse. Do

11
 If the PV modules will be installed in special accumulation of large amounts of water on the glass
environments such as high temperature and high surface, which can affect the appearance and
humidity environments, humid salt-mist performance of the PV module.
environments (C3+areas specified in ISO 9223),
PV modules connected in series should be installed in
marine and floating environments and farms, the
the same orientation and angle. Different orientations
purchaser or user needs to inform Astronergy in
and angles may result in different amounts of solar
advance. The types of PV modules, BOM, and
radiation being received by each module, resulting in
warranty issues will be decided by mutual
power loss.
agreement between the parties.

5.3 Mounting Guide

 If the above precautions are not observed,
Astronergy’s warranty will be void.
 PV module mounting system must be composed of
durable, corrosion-resistant and UV-resistant
5.2 Tilt angle selection
materials, and it must be inspected and tested by a
The tilt angle of a PV module refers to the angle third-party testing organization with static
between the surface of the PV module and the ground mechanical analysis capabilities meeting national
surface, as shown in Fig. 1. The power output of a PV and regional regulations or corresponding
module is maximized. when it faces the sun directly. international standards.

 The PV module must be securely fastened to the

mounting system. If the PV module is mounted in a
snowy area, the height of the mounting system
should be designed in a way that the lowest end of
the PV module is not covered by snow. In addition,
it should be ensured that the lowest end of the PV
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of tilt angle
module is not shaded by surrounding trees or other
For northern hemisphere, PV modules should vegetation.
preferably face south. For southern hemisphere, PV
 When the PV module is mounted on a rack parallel
modules should preferably face north. For detailed
to the roof, the minimum clearance between the PV
mounting inclination, please follow local regulatory
module frame and the roof is 10cm, which is
guidelines or the recommendations of an experienced
necessary for air circulation to prevent wiring
installer. Astronergy recommends an installation tilt
damage of the PV module.
angle of no less than 10°, so that when it rains, the dust
on surface is easily carried away by the rainwater, thus
 The PV module frame will suffer thermal
reducing the number of times of clean; at the same
expansion and contraction effect, therefore the
time, it helps the water on the surface of the PV
space between two adjacent PV module frames
module to flow away, avoiding the long-term
should be no less than 10mm when mounted.

12
 For special installation areas (such as high altitude, match with M8 bolts, while the 7x10mm mounting
mountain tops, coastal areas, wind vents), project holes match with M6 bolts. 7x10mm mounting
sites with frequent strong winds, it is recommended holes are positioned with a hole pitch of 400mm.
to use square gaskets, anti-loosening nuts,
③ Make sure to use two stainless steel washers for
anti-loosening gaskets, thickened gaskets, etc.
each bolt, one on each side of the rack, the
 For specific installation methods, please refer to the minimum thickness of the washer is 1.5mm, and
following installation specifications, If the outer diameter is 16~18mm, but for 210 wafer
inappropriate fixtures or incorrect installation size modules, the outer diameter is 18~20mm, then
methods are used, the warranty of Astronergy will screw on the top of a stainless-steel spring washer
be invalid. or toothed lock washer. Finally, lock with a
stainless-steel nut. The tolerance requirements for
5.3.1 Bolted mounting
flat gaskets are in accordance with the A-level
standard in GB/T 3103.3-2020
All PV modules must be secured with at least 4 bolts.
The specific corresponding airborne values are shown
④ The tightening torque is recommended to be
in Table 2.
9~12Nm for M6 bolts and 17~23Nm for M8 bolts.
Due to the possible difference of bolt material, the
！ATTENTION
specific torque value is subject to the information
In order to achieve maximum safety precautions confirmed by the bolt supplier.
against wind and snow loads, it is recommended that
all available mounting holes should be used. The bolt ⑤ When using 30mm height frame module, it is
recommended to select fasteners ≤ 20mm length.
installation steps are as follows (Fig. 2).

5.3.2 Clamped mounting

When double-sided PV modules are installed, each PV

module must be fixed with at least 4 presses, as shown
in Figures 3 、4、5、6.
.

Fig. 2 Diagram of the bolt installation process

① Place the PV module on top of the rack.

② Insert 4 stainless steel bolts in corresponding

mounting holes. The 9x14mm mounting holes

13
 Fig.3 Rails overlapping the long-side frame  The above two diagrams show the mounting
method using aluminum clamps. "D" indicates the
mounting range. Table 3 shows the recommended
mounting position and corresponding machine
loads.

 Each aluminum clamp is equipped with an M8 bolt,

tow flat washer, a spring washer and an M8 nut.
The mounting steps are as follows:

① Place the module on the two supporting rails (not

provided by Astronergy) which should be made
Fig. 4 Rails vertical to the long-side frame
with stainless material and treated with an
anti-corrosion process (e.g. hot dipped galvanizing).
Each PV module needs at least four clamps to be
fixed. The module clamps should not come into
contact with the glass and should not deform the
frame, otherwise they may cause module damage.

② Be sure to avoid shadowing effects from the

module clamps. Weep holes on the module frame
must not be closed or obscured by the clamps. The
Fig. 5 Rails overlapping the short-side frame
clamp must have at least 8mm but no more than
11mm overlap with the frame of the module (The
clamp section can be changed under the premise of
ensuring reliable installation).

③ The top surface of the rail contacted with module

frame should be equipped with grooves compatible
with an M8 bolt.
Fig. 6 Four clamp mounting on short side of frame
④ If the grooves are not provided, holes of a suitable
diameter may need to be drilled to allow bolts
attaching to the rail at the same locations as
！ATTENTION： mentioned above.

 The length of the rack must be longer than the PV ⑤ Ensure that the mounting sequence of each clamp is
module, otherwise it should be confirmed by in the order of flat washer, spring washer and nut.
Astronergy in advance.

14
⑥ Figures 7 and 8 show the schematic diagram of the
clamp, while Figures 9 and 10 show the installation
schematic diagram of the clamp. The dimensions of
the clamp are a≥40 mm, b≥16 mm, c≥5 mm, d ≥8
mm, e ≥15 mm, Ø =9 mm, and the thickness of the
clamp is ≥3mm. For module of 182/210mm-wafer,
the size of mid and fringe clamp must meet a≥60
mm. The tightening torque is suggested to be
17~23Nm for Class 8.8 screw and bolts.

Fig. 9 Installation schematic diagram of fringe clamp

Fig. 7 Top view of fringe clamp Fig. 10 Installation schematic diagram of mid clamp

⑦ To prevent modules from coming off the fixed

device after installation, it is suggested to choose
fringe and mid clamps and make contact with the A
side of the frame with groove patterns. Suggest to
have 9 patterns with a space between 2 adjecent
patterns of 1.2mm and a depth of 0.6mm, as shown
in figure 8.

⑧ For the mounting shown in Figure 3, the overlap

Fig. 8 Cross section diagram of fringe clamp

between the C surface of the assembly and the rail
should be ≥ 25mm. Astronergy’s limited warranty
will be void if improper clamps or improper
installation is used.

15
 Table 2 Bolt installation diagram and corresponding mechanical load value

Module size Load

Module type Installation diagram
L*W*H (mm) value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa
CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm holes),
CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH 1722*1134*30
CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC
CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC
+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM54RNs(DG)(BLH)/F-BH
Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm holes),
CHSM54RNs(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-BH 1762*1134*30
CHSM54RNs(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-HC

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm

holes),guide rail coincides long side frame

16
 +5400Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm holes),
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH guide rails vertical long side frame
1755*1038*30
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60M(DG)/F-HC
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (990mm holes),

guide rail coincides long side frame

17
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module type Module size L*W*H (mm) Installation diagram Load value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm holes),

guide rails vertical long side frame
1903*1134*30
1908*1134*30

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH
Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1100mm holes),
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH
guide rail coincides long side frame
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),

guide rails vertical long side frame
2172*1303*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),

guide rail coincides long side frame

18
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module size L*W*H Load

Module type Installation diagram
(mm) value

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes), guide rails
vertical long side frame
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes), guide rail
coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1300mm holes), guide rails
2094*1038*30 vertical long side frame
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
2094*1038*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1300mm holes), guide rail
coincides long side frame

19
 Table 2 (Renewal)

Module type Module size L*W*H (mm) Installation diagram Load value

+5400Pa
CHSM48N(DGT)/F-BH
-2400Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH
2256*1133*35
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),
2278*1134*30
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH guide rails vertical long side frame
2278*1134*35
CHSM72N(DG)/F-HC
2382*1134*30
CHSM72RN(DG)/F-BH
2382*1134*35
CHSM72N(DG)/F-HC
CHSM72RN(DG)/F-BH
CHSM66RN(DG)/F-BH +3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1400mm holes),

guide rail coincides long side frame

+5400Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1500mm holes),

CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*30 guide rails vertical long side frame
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*35

+3600Pa
-2400Pa

Long side frame with 4 bolts mounting (1500mm holes),

guide rail coincides long side frame
(Note: For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please contact Astronergy for
confirmation.)

20
 Table 3 Range of clamp mounting and corresponding mechanical load value

Refer to
Refer to
Refer to Figure Figure 6
Module size Refer to Figure 4 for Figure 5 for
Module type 3for installation for
L*W*H (mm) installation method installation
method installation
method
method

CHSM54N(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH
CHSM54M(DG)/F-BH +1800Pa +1200Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
CHSM54N(DG)/F-BH -1800Pa -1200Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM54M(DGT)/F-BH 1722*1134*30 Installation Installation
Installation scope Installation scope
CHSM54N(DGT)/F-BH scope scope
266~466mm 266~466mm
CHSM54M(DG)/F-HC 150~250mm 0~250mm
CHSM54N(DG)/F-HC

CHSM54RNs(DG)(BLH)/F-BH +1800Pa +1200Pa

+3600Pa +5400Pa
CHSM54RNs(DGT)(BLH)/F-BH -1800Pa -1200Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-BH 1762*1134*30 Installation Installation
Installation scope Installation scope
CHSM54RNs(DGT)/F-BH scope scope
266~466mm 266~466mm
CHSM54RNs(DG)/F-HC 150~250mm 0~250mm

+1800Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
-1800Pa
CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa -2400Pa
1755*1038*30 Installation ---
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH Installation scope Installation scope
scope
1/4L±50mm 1/4L±50mm
150~250mm

CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH +1800Pa +900Pa

+3600Pa +5400Pa
CHSM60N(DG)/F-BH -1800Pa -450Pa
1903*1134*30 -2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH Installation Installation
1908*1134*30 Installation scope Installation scope
CHSM60N(DGT)/F-BH scope scope
320~520mm 320~520mm
CHSM60N(DG)/F-HC 150~250mm 0~250mm

+1800Pa
+3600Pa +5400Pa
-1800Pa
CHSM60M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa -2400Pa
2172*1303*35 Installation ---
CHSM60M(DGT)/F-BH Installation scope Installation scope
scope
375~425mm 375~425mm
150~250mm

+3600Pa +5400Pa
-2400Pa -2400Pa
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35 --- ---
Installation scope Installation scope
450~550mm 450~550mm
+5400Pa
+3600Pa/-2400Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa
2094*1038*30 Installation scope --- ---
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH Installation scope
1/4L±50mm
1/4L±50mm

21
 +5400Pa
+3600Pa/-2400Pa
2256*1133*35 -2400Pa
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH Installation scope --- ---
2278*1134*35 Installation scope
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH 400~500mm
400~500mm
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH
+5400Pa
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH +3600Pa/-2400Pa
-2400Pa
CHSM72N(DG)/F-HC 2278*1134*30 Installation scope --- ---
Installation scope
430~530mm
430~530mm

+5400Pa
+3600Pa/-2400Pa
CHSM72RN(DG)/F-BH -2400Pa
2382*1134*30 Installation scope --- ---
CHSM66RN(DG)/F-BH Installation scope
470~560mm
470~560mm

+5400Pa
CHSM78M(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*35 -2400Pa
--- --- ---
CHSM78N(DG)/F-BH 2465*1134*30 Installation scope
480~530mm

(Note: For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please contact Astronergy for
confirmation.)

22
 5.3.3 Tracking bracket

Astronergy’s components can be matched and installed with the industry's mainstream bracket systems, and the

matching test load is shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Installation diagram of the tracking bracket and corresponding mechanical load values

Module size Load

Installation method Module type Bracket type Mounting form value
L*W*H (mm)

400mm Pore Distance

+2100Pa/
CHSM66M(DG)/F-BH 2384*1303*35 M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
-2100Pa
(O.D.≥16mm)
400mm Pore Distance
2278*1134*30 +2100Pa/
NEXTracker M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
2278*1134*35 -2100Pa
(O.D.≥16mm)
790mm Pore Distance
+3200Pa/
2278*1134*30 M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
-2400Pa
(O.D.≥16mm)
guide rail：60*1.8*450
(H*T*L/mm)
+1800Pa/
2278*1134*30 Arctech Fix the hole position：400mm
-1800Pa
M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
(O.D.≥16mm)
guide rail：50*1.5*1450
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH
(H*T*L/mm)
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH +3200Pa/
2278*1134*30 Arctech Fix the hole position：1400mm
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH -2400Pa
M8 bolt +M8 Flat spacers
1P Tracking bracket CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH
(O.D.≥16mm)
guide rail：50*1.5*1450
(H*T*L/mm)
Fix the hole position： +2800pa/
2278*1134*30 Soltec
400+1400mm -2400pa
M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
(O.D.≥16mm)
guide rail：80*1.5*428
(H*T*L/mm)
2278*1134*30 +1800Pa/
PVH Fix the hole position：400mm
2278*1134*35 -1800Pa
M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
(O.D.≥16mm)

23
 guide rail：80*1.8*3808
CHSM72M(DG)/F-BH (H*T*L/mm)
CHSM72N(DG)/F-BH 2278*1134*30 Fix the hole position： +2600Pa/
Arctech
CHSM72M(DGT)/F-BH 2278*1134*35 1400+1400mm -2200Pa
CHSM72N(DGT)/F-BH M6 bolt +M6 Flat spacers
(O.D.≥16mm)

2P Tracking bracket

(Note: When the tracking bracket 1P is installed with 400 holes of the fixed assembly, the corresponding test load value
is the transparent backglass component. For other installation methods and load capacity not listed in the table, please
contact Astronergy for confirmation.)

24
 -16 ~ -20 1.18
6 Electrical Installation
-21 ~ -25 1.20
6.1 Electrical characteristics
-26 ~ -30 1.21
Module electrical ratings are measured under Standard -31 ~ -35 1.23
2
Test Conditions(STC: 1000W/m irradiance, AM1.5
-36 ~ -40 1.25
spectrum and a cell temperature of 25°C). Please refer
to the datasheet or the product nameplate for the main
Alternatively, a more accurate correction factor for the
electrical characteristics, maximum system voltage and
Voc can be calculated using the following formula:
tolerance of Isc, Voc and Pmpp.

Under certain conditions, the output current and/or Cvoc=1-αVoc x（25-Tmin）

voltage of the PV module may be higher than the value

under standard testing conditions. Therefore, the value Where: Cvoc is the correction factor of Voc. αVoc (%/°C)
of Isc marked on the module should be multiplied by
is the open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient of
1.25, and Voc on the module should be multiplied by a
the selected module (refer to corresponding datasheet).
correction factor (see table 5 below) when determining
Tmin(°C) is the expected lowest ambient temperature at
component ratings and capacities. Depending on your
the system installation site.
local regulations, an additional 1.25 multiplier for the
Isc(giving a total multiplier of 1.56) may be applicable The string voltage must not be higher than the
when sizing conductors and fuses. maximum system voltage, as well as the maximum
input voltage of the inverter and other electrical
Table 5 Correction factor of Voc at low temperature
equipment installed in the system. To ensure the above
Lowest Estimated Ambient Correction factor
requirements, the open-circuit voltage of the string
Temperature(℃) needs to be calculated using the following formula:

24 ~ 20 1.02
Maximum system voltage≥N*Voc* Cvoc
19 ~ 15 1.04
Where: N is the number of PV modules in a single
14 ~ 10 1.06 string. Voc is the open-circuit voltage of each PV

9~5 1.08 module (refer to the nameplate or product datasheet).

4~0 1.10 ！ATTENTION

-1 ~ -5 1.12
Depending on the maximum fuse ratings of the PV
-6 ~ -10 1.14 module, and the local electrical installation standards,

-11 ~ -15 1.16 the connection of parallel strings of PV modules needs

to be equipped with suitable fuses or preventive diodes

25
for circuit protection purposes.

Electrical calculations and design must be performed

by a competent engineer or consultant.

6.2 Electrical connection

To ensure the normal operation of the system, make

sure the polarity of cables is correct when connecting
modules or loads, such as inverters and batteries. If the
PV module is not connected correctly, the bypass Fig. 11 Schematic diagram of electrical connection

diode may be damaged. Fig. 11 shows how the PV

modules are connected in series and parallel. PV ！ATTENTION

modules can be wired in series to boost the voltage.

 If one PV module string (or PV array) is connected
Series connections are made by connecting the wire
to another with opposite polarity, irreversible
from the positive terminal of one module to the
damage can be caused to the PV module product.
negative terminal of the next module. PV modules can
Be sure to confirm the voltage and polarity of each
be wired in parallel to increase the current by
string before making a parallel connection. If
connecting the positive terminal of one module to the
measurements reveal opposite polarity or a voltage
positive terminal of the next module. If a module is not
difference greater than 10V between the strings,
connected correctly, the bypass diode may be
check their structural configuration before
damaged.
proceeding with the connection.

 The number of modules connected in series and

parallel should be reasonably designed according to
the system configuration. And if you have any
questions, please contact the manufacturer

 In case there is a reverse current exceeding the fuse

current rating, an overcurrent protection device of
the same specification must be used to protect the
module. Be aware that if there are two or more
strings parallelly connected, there must be an
overcurrent protection device on each string.

 PV modules with different electrical performance

models cannot be connected in one string.

 The system shall use special cables and connectors

26
 for PV system and ensure that all connections are so as to limit the heat and loss of the PV module.
securely fastened. The cable must be 4mm2 (i.e. 12 When a diode failure is suspected or found, please
AWG) and withstand the maximum possible contact Astronergy and do not attempt to open the
open-circuit voltage of the PV system. junction box cover.

 When fixing the cable to the rack, it is necessary to 6.3 Grounding

avoid mechanical damage to the cable or to the PV
The PV modules are designed with an anodised,
module. Do not press the cable hard. To secure the
corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy frame as a rigid
cable to the rack in the proper way, specially
support. To ensure safety and to avoid lightning strikes
designed UV-resistant coils and cable clips must be
and electrostatic damage to the PV modules, the PV
used. Avoid direct sunlight and water soaking to the
module frame must be earthed. The earthing device
cable.
must be in full contact with the interior of the
 Keep the connectors dry and clean and make sure aluminum alloy of the frame, penetrating the surface
that the nuts on the connectors are tightened before oxide film. The following is the specific grounding
connecting them. Do not connect the connectors method, as shown in Fig. 12.
when they are damp, contaminated or in other bad
conditions. Avoid exposing connectors to direct
sunlight and soaking in water. Avoid the connectors
falling on the ground or the roof. Do not plug or
unplug the connectors when the PV module is in
live state. When it is necessary to remove the
connectors, ensure that the PV module is not in
working condition and that professional unlocking
tools and safety measures are used. Direct dragging
and pulling is forbidden.

 The junction box of the PV module contains bypass

diodes connected in parallel to the string of the PV
module. The bypass diode in the junction box Fig. 12 Grounding the aluminum frame with copper wire
prevents module degradation due to shading or
covering. Refer to the junction box diode  The grounding requirements must be checked in

specification provided in the relevant product accordance with the applicable regulations and

datasheet for more details. I When the localized hot standards before work is started.

spot phenomenon occurs in the PV module due to

 Use the marked 5.5 mm grounding holes to ground
partial shading or coverage, the diode in the
the anodized frame. Use one M5 nut, two M5 cut
junction box will start to work, so that the module
washers, one M5 plain washer, one M5 spring
current will no longer flow through the hot spot cell,

27
 washer, and one M5 bolt and the copper wire. All figure out problems in time and ensure the safe and
nuts, bolts, and washers shall be of type M5 and effective operation of the PV system.
made of stainless steel (Fig. 18).
7.1 Routine Inspection
 Insert the bolt through the cup washer and wrap the
PV modules in PV arrays should be inspected regularly
copper wire around the bolt. (Note that the copper
for damages, such as glass breakage, cable breakage,
wire cannot be attached directly to the aluminum.)
junction box damage, cell cracks, and backsheet
 Insert the bolt through the cut washer and then breakage and other factors that cause functional and
through the hole in the aluminum frame. safety failures of PV modules. If any of the above
problems occurs, the supplier should be notified to
 Add the spring washer and nut on the other side of replace the broken module with a new one of the same
the bolt and tighten to secure all parts. The
type in time.
tightening torque should be 4~4.5N•m.
It is recommended to perform preventive inspection
！ATTENTION
every 6 months and not to replace the components of
PV modules without authorization. When conducting
 Use UL-467 certified bonding and grounding
inspection or maintenance in term of the electrical and
devices, including Burndy (formerly Wiley
mechanical performance, it is recommended that
Electronics) Washer Electrical Equipment Bonding
qualified professionals perform the work to avoid
(WEEB) and similar devices, such as barbed
electric shock or personal injury.
washers, that meet the requirements of UL-467 and
is suitable for electrical bonding and grounding of
Take routine maintenance to keep PV modules free of
PV modules.
snow, bird droppings, seeds, pollen, leaves, branches,
dust, stains, etc.
 Other grounding methods may be used when the
racking system is tested following the UL 2703
7.2 PV module cleaning
requirements.
If the PV module has a sufficient angle of tilt (at least
 Do not drill any additional grounding hole on the
15°), it is generally not necessary to clean the PV
frame of the modules. The frame rails have
module (as the rainfall will provide a self-cleaning
pre-drilled holes marked with a grounding sign.
effect). If there is a large accumulation of dirt on the
These holes should be used for grounding purposes
PV module surface that has seriously affected the
and should not be used for mounting the modules.
power production, the module can be rinsed with water
without detergent, and use a gentle sponge or brush to
7 Maintenance
clean the surface during the cooler hours of the day.
PV modules must be inspected and maintained Dust must not be scraped or wiped off under dry
regularly, especially during the warranty period, which conditions as this may result in tiny scuff marks. For
is the responsibility of the user. This helps to find and snow removal, the PV module surface can be cleaned

28
with a brush with soft bristles. For more details on Modified version and date
cleaning and maintenance, please refer to the PV
·Rev 1.0, released in September 2022.
Module Cleaning Manual.
·Rev 1.1, released in January 2023.

·Rev 1.2, released in June 2023.

·Rev 1.3, released in December 2023.

GLOBAL SERVICE CENTERS

Chint New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.

Add: No. 1 Jisheng Road, Jianshan New Zone Haining 314415 Zhejiang P.R. China

www.astronergy.com

29