GARDEN HIGH SCHOOL

CLASS X
Half-Yearly Examination, 2019–20
Physics

Time: 2 hours Full Marks: 80

This Question Paper has five printed pages.
Answers must be written in the script/s provided. You will not be allowed to write for the
first 15 minutes. This time must be spent in reading the Question Paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing answers.

This Paper is divided into two sections.

Attempt all the questions of Section A and any four of Section B.
Maximum marks for a question or parts of a question are given in brackets [ ].

SECTION A (40 marks)

Answer all the questions.

Question No 1 [5 × 2 = 10]

(a) Which class of lever has a mechanical advantage always greater than one? Give two
examples of this class of lever.

(b) A body of mass ‘m’ has velocity ‘v’ and momentum ‘p’. Write the expression for the
change in momentum, when:
(i) v is almost equal to c, the speed of light;
(ii) v is very less than the speed of light.

(c) With reference to mechanical advantage, velocity ratio and efficiency of a machine,
name and define the term that will not change for a machine of a given design.

(d) Find the amount of work done when an object moves in a circular path but completes
half a revolution. Give a reason to justify your answer.

(e) A body of mass 5 kg moves with a velocity of 10 ms–1. What is the ratio of its initial to
final kinetic energy, if the mass of the body is doubled and its velocity is halved?

Question No 2 [5 × 2 = 10]

(a) The wavelength of waves produced on the surface of water is 20 cm. If the wave
velocity is 24 ms–1, calculate:

(i) the number of waves produced in one second, and

(ii) the time required to produce one wave.
 (2)

(b) State two ways in which the frequency of transverse vibrations of a stretched string
can be decreased.

(c) Why does the temperature of the surroundings start falling when ice of a frozen lake
starts melting?

(d) State the conditions for total internal reflection of light to take place.

(e) Draw a ray diagram to illustrate how to determine the focal length of a convex lens
using an auxiliary plane mirror.

Question No 3 [5 × 2 = 10]

(a) An electric heater is rated 4 kW, 220V. Find the cost of using this heater for
12 hours, if 1 kWh of electric energy costs `3.25.

(b) The electric gadgets used in a house such as bulbs, fans, etc are always connected
in parallel, not in series. Give two reasons for connecting them in parallel.

(c) Of the three connecting wires of the household circuit:

(i) which two of the three wires are at the same potential?
(ii) in which of the three wires should the switch be connected?

(d) Give one use of the electromagnetic radiations given below:

(i) Microwaves (ii) Infrared radiations

(e) Give two reasons why copper is preferred over other metals for making calorimeter.

Question No 4 [5 × 2 = 10]

(a) (i) Why is it more economical to transmit electrical energy at high voltage and low
current?
(ii) Calculate the ratio of kWh to MeV.

(b) (i) Define the SI unit of power of a lens.

(ii) State the condition for the first and second focal length of a equiconvex lens to
be unequal.

(c) Is it possible that the terminal potential difference across the terminals of a cell be
greater than its emf? Explain.

(d) Calculate the resistance of the resistor which must be connected to a 15Ω resistor to
provide an effective resistance of 6Ω.

(e) State the conditions for stable equilibrium of a body.

 (3)

SECTION B (40 marks)

Answer any four questions.

Question No 5 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) The rear view mirror of a motor bike starts vibrating violently at some particular
speed of the motor bike.
(i) Why does this happen?
(ii) What is the name of the phenomenon taking place?
(iii) What could be done to stop the violent vibration?

(b) (i) What is high tension wire?

(ii) Give two characteristics of high tension wire.

(c) Four cells of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.1Ω are connected in series. The
combination is connected in series to an ammeter of negligible resistance, a 1.6Ω
resistor and an unknown resistor R1. The current in the circuit is 2A. Draw a
labelled diagram for the above arrangement and calculate:
(i) the total resistance in the circuit.
(ii) the total emf.
(iii) the value of R1.
(iv) the potential difference across R1.

Question No 6 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) (i) Is moment of a force a scalar or a vector quantity? Justify your answer.

(ii) Why is the stone of a hand flour grinder provided with a handle near its rim?

(b) A uniform metre scale of weight 50 gf is balanced at the 60 cm mark, when a weight
of 20 gf is suspended at the 10 cm mark and 100 gf weight is suspended on the
other side of the scale. Find the position where the 100 gf weight is suspended.

(c) A pulley system has velocity ratio 3. Draw a labeled diagram of this pulley system.

Question No 7 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) (i) Write a relationship between angle of incidence and angle of refraction for a
given pair of media.
(ii) When a ray of light enters from one medium to another having different optical
densities it bends. Why does this phenomenon occur?
(iii) Write one instance where it does not bend when entering a medium of
different optical density.
 (4)

(b) A lens produces a virtual image between the object and the lens.

(i) Name the lens.

(ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of this image.

(c) A needle placed at 45 cm from a lens forms an image on a screen placed

90 cm on the other side of the lens.

(i) What is the type of the lens?

(ii) Find its focal length.

(iii) If the length of the needle is 5 cm, what is the length of the image of the needle?

Question No 8 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) (i) Define dispersion of light.

(ii) Draw a diagram to show that white light can split up into different colours.

(b) (i) Name an alloy which is used to make standard resistor.

(ii) State two characteristics of alloy that make it suitable for making standard resistors.

(c) Find the equivalent resistance between 4 the given circuit diagrams:
A A and B for 4

A r
(i) 16 16 8

4
r
B 4 4
r B

(ii)

Question No 9 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) (i) Define the term specific latent heat of vaporization.

(ii) At what temperature does water boil in a pressure cooker? Give a reason in
support of your answer.
 (5)

(b) A 60W immersion heater just keeps 500g of a metal in molten condition. The
temperature of the metal starts to fall 10 minutes after the heater is switched off. Find
the specific latent heat of fusion of the metal.

(c) Draw the circuit diagram of a dual control switch in: (i) switched on and (ii) switched
off state.

Question No 10 [3 + 3 + 4]

(a) A bulb is marked 100W, 220V and an electric heater is marked 2000W, 220V.

(i) What is the ratio between the resistances of the two?

(ii) How does the power-voltage rating of a device help us to decide about the type
of leads (connecting wires) to be used for it?

(iii) In which of the two, a thicker connecting lead or wire is required?

(b) Name the subjective property of:

(i) sound related to its frequency.

(ii) sound related to amplitude.

(iii) light related to wavelength.

(c) A mass of 60g is hanging from one end of a metre scale of negligible mass pivoted at
40 cm mark. An insect of mass 100g starts to crawl slowly with constant speed along
the scale from the other end. It takes 6s for the scale to attain equilibrium. Calculate
the speed of the insect.