E-1000 Series User Manual PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC

E-1000 Series Spectrophotometer

User Manual and Maintenance Guide

PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC.

Version 1701
E-1000 Series User Manual PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC

CONTENTS

Section 1 Introduction ............................................................... 1

1.1 Basic working principle ....................................................... 1
1.1.1 The nature of absorption ................................................. 1
1.1.2 Absorption law ................................................................ 1
1.1.3 Influence factors ............................................................. 2
1.2 Applications ........................................................................ 4
1.3 Use conditions ................................................................... 4
Section 2 Product Features and Installation .............................. 4
2.1 Features ............................................................................. 4
2.2 Technical data .................................................................... 5
2.3 Installation .......................................................................... 6
Section 3 Display Description and Button Definition .................. 6
3.1 Display screen diagram ...................................................... 6
3.2 Display content description ................................................ 7
3.3 Panel diagram .................................................................... 7
3.4 Button Functions ................................................................ 7
Section 4 Programs .................................................................. 8
4.1 Transmittance .................................................................. 9
4.2 Absorbance ..................................................................... 9
4.3 Quantitation...................................................................... 10
4.3.1 Measure concentration with standard samples. .......... 10
4.3.2 Measure concentration with factor(coefficient)............ 11
4.4 Store and read data ....................................................... 11
4.5 Delete data .................................................................... 12
4.6 Print data ....................................................................... 12
E-1000 Series User Manual PEAK INSTRUMENTS INC

Section 1 Introduction

1.1 Basic working principle

1.1.1 The nature of absorption

Spectrophotometer is the method set up by the use of substances

to choose different wavelengths of light absorption properties.
Generally utilize a prism or grating to get monochromatic light, so
that monochromatic light passes through the solution continuously,
and absorption of the solution was measured at each wavelength to
obtain the absorption spectrum curve.

Absorption spectrum results from absorption of light from the

substance, which is the material macroscopic phenomena, and the
nature of the absorption is molecular internal movement and the
results of light mutual interaction. When the molecules absorb
certain energy or wavelength spectrum, among the transmission
spectrum, some wavelengths are absorbed to form the absorption
spectrum. The smaller the energy absorption is, the corresponding
wavelength of light, the absorption peak is at a longer wavelength.
When in the infrared region, infrared absorption spectrum formed, if
greater the energy absorption is, the shorter the wavelength of the
corresponding absorption peak is at a shorter wavelength. When
the absorption is in the UV region, ultraviolet absorption spectrum
produced.

1.1.2 Absorption law

Lambert-Beer's law: When a bunch of parallel monochromatic light

passes through a uniform solution, the solution absorbance is in
direct proportion to the product of concentration and thickness.
Its mathematical formula: A = KCL = LogI0 / I = -LogT

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The premise of absorption Law mathematical formula: ① the

incident light is monochromatic, ② in the absorption process no
interaction of each substance, the absorbance of each substance
has additive property, ③the role of light and matter is limited to the
absorption process, no fluorescent and photochemical scattering
phenomenon, ④ the absorbent is a uniform distribution and
continuous system.

1.1.3 Influence factors

1.1.3.1 Errors caused by non-absorption of radiation and material.

1.1.3.2 The effect of fluorescence and photochemical reactions, in
general, spectrophotometer measurement error generated
by fluorescence can be ignored. The fluorescence
efficiency of the color system is very small in most cases,
and the fluorescence emission is isotropic, only a small
portion along direction of the transmitted light goes into the
detector so that the absorbance was low, resulting in a
negative deviation. Fluorescence absorption effects on
measurements greatly depend on the instrument's
absorption cell and detector optical design,
1.1.3.3 Reflection and scattering, absorption law applies only to the
absorption system with uniform medium, the turbid solution
increases the measured absorbance because of scattering,
leading to deviations from Beer's Law.
1.1.3.4 Errors caused by non-ideality of the instrument.
1.1.3.5 Polychromatic light deviates from Beer's law, most of the
photometer can only get close to monochromatic light with
a narrow lumen, in fact, there is still a polychromatic nature
can lead to deviations from Beer's law. Two monochromatic
deviation depends on the molar absorptivity difference △ ε,
when | △ ε | is very small, can be approximately considered
as monochromatic light, at low concentrations, curve
remains linear; but at greater concentrations, with
concentration increases, A-C curve bend more seriously, so

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the Beer's law applies only to dilute solution.

1.1.3.6 Stray light, stray light is wavelength component which is not
required, but enters the detector and is outside the tested
spectral bandwidth range. It comes mainly from the
spectrometer dispersion element prism or a grating, mirrors,
scattering of lens surface, monochrome dust of inner wall
and reflection and diffuse of other elements scars, etc.
Stray light can cause serious measurement errors. When
the instrument energy is at the minimum wavelength, stray
light is usually at its maximum (e.g. deuterium lamp 220nm,
tungsten lamp 340nm).
1.1.3.7 Slit width, slit width not only affects the purity of the
spectrum, but also the absorbance values. In quantitative
analysis, in order to obtain sufficient measurement signal,
should use a larger slit, in the qualitative analysis a small
slit is used, when the exit slit width is equal to the width of
the entrance slit, error caused by slit width is minimal.
1.1.3.8 Wavelength gauge error, wavelength gauge is the
wavelength accuracy of the instrument, if the error is
considerably large or no error correction, the spectral
measurement will cause errors that affect the accuracy of
absorbance measurements (in the peak of absorption
spectrum is more significant).
1.1.3.9 The impact of non-parallel incident light, one of the
prerequisites in Beer's law is the use of a parallel incident
beam, to ensure that all the beam passing through the
same thickness of the absorbing medium, when incident
beam has large deviation from parallel light, obviously
lead to deviations from Beer law. If deviation of parallel
beam is in the instrument moderate, absorbance
measurement error is generally within 0.5%.
1.1.3.10 Luminosity scale error, the accuracy of transmittance, the
error size directly affects the accuracy of photometric
measurements.

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1.2 Applications

Discipline for physics, chemistry, medicine, biology, pharmacology,

geology and other scientific research, is one of the most important
quality control instruments which is widely used in chemical,
pharmaceutical, biological and chemical, metallurgy, light industry,
materials, environmental protection, medical tests and analysis of
industry and other industries, is an essential equipment in routine
laboratory.

1.3 Use conditions

The instrument should be installed away from the hot and humid
environment; the instrument should be used at 16-35 ℃, 45-80%
of humidity. Please try to stay away from the device which emits
magnetic field, electrical field and the high-frequency wave. Do not
install the instrument in the place where air chlorine, hydrochloric
acid gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, sulfurous acid gas and other
corrosive gases are seriously overweight. The instrument table
should be smooth, without vibrations; the instrument should spare
enough space close to the fan to exhaust smoothly. Instrument
would better use an independent power outlet; power should be
ensured good grounding. Otherwise may cause the instrument
does not work properly. If the local voltage is instable, instrument
should be equipped with stable power supply. The instrument
should avoid direct sunlight and avoid dusty environment.

Section 2 Product Features and Installation

2.1 Features

The new UV-Vis spectrophotometer adopts improved CT

monochromator, it has a wider spectral range and excellent quality.
Due to the strong role of the instrument concealed microprocessor
system, coupled with excellent optical, electrical systems, and

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reasonable mechanical structure, and the use of large-screen LCD,

it will provide very effective and intuitive means for the analytical
testing of every laboratory .

The menu on large-screen LCD selects and recognizes each

corresponding steps that the function you need to complete.

As an excellent practical UV/visible spectrophotometer, which has

a quick and easy method of analysis can be widely applied in
organic, inorganic, petroleum, pharmaceutical, environment,
biochemistry, medicine, food and other economic sectors. It is one
of the indispensable methods in routine quality control (QC) and
quality analysis (QA).

2.2 Technical data

Model E-1000V E-1000UV

Display 70*40mm blue backlit LCD
Wavelength Range 320 - 1020nm 190 - 1020nm
Slit Width 4nm 4nm
Wavelength
±2nm
Accuracy
Wavelength
≤1nm ≤1nm
Repeatability
Photometric
0.5%T
Accuracy
Photometric
0.2%T
Repeatability
Stray light ≤0.15%T@ 360nm
Stability 0.002A@ 500nm
Output Port RS232
Tungsten Halogen Tungsten Halogen/
Light Source
Lamp Deuterium Lamp
Power Requirements 220V/50HZ, 110V/60HZ

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2.3 Installation

2.3.1 After unpacking, carefully check the packing list whether the
things inside are complete and intact;
2.3.2 Ensure the working environment meets the above
requirements, environmental temperature is 10 ~ 35 ℃,
relative humidity is less than 85%, operating voltage (220 ±
22) V / (50 ± 1) HZ,
2.3.3 Place the instrument on a level platform, the instrument
should avoid direct sunlight, be away from electromagnetic
emitting devices and high-power electrical devices, there
can not be dust, corrosive gas and vibration;
2.3.4 There must not be any obstacles to the flow of air around the
instrument;
2.3.5 Use the company supplied power cord and make sure
electrical outlets have intact ground wire;
2.3.6 Turn on the instrument power supply. It can be used normally
after 30 minutes warm-up time.

Section 3 Display Description and Button Definition

3.1 Display screen diagram

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3.2 Display content description

Transmittance

Absorbance

Concentration

Factor

Test data display

Storage status display

3.3 Panel diagram

Screen

Function Buttons

3.4 Button Functions

<Esc>: exit
<Mode>: the key used to select the Transmittance, Absorbance,

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Concentration and Factor mode.

<0%T>: the key has two functions:

a. To set zero. It is effective only in T mode. Insert black block into
cell holder, then close the sample compartment cover. If it does not
show 0.0, Press the key, and it will show 0.0.
b. As the descending key. When in F and C mode, press the key
and the F (C) value will decrease by 1. Holding the key will speed
up the decrease. When the value reaches your target value, press
enter key immediately.

<100%T>: the key has two functions:

a. When in T (A) mode, press the key and it will read 100.0 (0.000),
it means to set 100%T under T mode, and set 0.000A under A
mode.
b. To be used as the ascending key. It is effective in F and C mode.
Press the key and the F (C) value will increase by 1. Holding the
key will speed up the increase. When the value reaches your target
value, press enter key immediately.

<Enter/Print>: the key has two functions:

a. Enter function. It is effective in F and C mode. Press the key after
setting F (C) value.
b. Print function. Press the key to print the current value under T
and A mode. Press the key to print C and F value under C mode.

<Save>: the key used to store /read

Section 4 Programs

Note: Please use black block to set zero one more time when
turning on instrument or changing wavelength. Then set
100%T/0.000Abs. Setting zero are totally different from setting
0.000A. Setting zero is used to calibrate the dark current and select
suitable magnification, while setting 0.000A is only for reference
solution. Actually it is to deduct the absorbance value of preparation
solution (reference solution), so as to test the correct absorbance of

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the substance to be tested, which dissolved in preparation solution.

4.1 Transmittance

4.1.1. Turn the instrument on. Allow the instrument to warm up for
30 minutes.
4.1.2. Put the reference solution and the solution to be tested into
cuvettes separately.
4.1.3. Open the sample compartment cover and Insert the black
block into the slot of cuvette, at the same time, put the
cuvettes containing reference solution and the solution to be
tested into the other slots of cuvette. Suggest Inserting black
block into the first slot of cuvette, reference solution into the
second slot and sample solution for the other 2 slots. Then
close the sample compartment cover.
4.1.4. Rotate the wavelength knob to set wavelength.
4.1.5. Press Mode key to T mode, pull the black block into light path.
Press 0%T key until display reads 0.0. Please note to set
zero one more time if wavelength make a change.
4.1.6. Pull reference solution into light path, press 100%T key until
display reads 100.0, then pull the solution to be tested into
light path, you can get the transmittance value for the
solution to be tested.

4.2. Absorbance

4.2.1. Turn the instrument on. Allow the instrument to warm up for
30 minutes.
4.2.2. Put the reference solution and the solution to be tested into
cuvettes separately.
4.2.3. Open the sample compartment cover and Insert the black
block into the slot of cuvette, at the same time, put the
cuvettes containing reference solution and the solution to be
tested into the other slots of cuvette. Suggest Inserting black
block into the first slot of cuvette, reference solution into the
second slot and sample solution for the other 2 slots. Then

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close the sample compartment cover.

4.2.4 Rotate the wavelength knob to set wavelength.
4.2.5 Press Mode key to T mode, pull the black block into light
path. Press 0%T key until display reads 0.0. Please note to
set zero one more time if wavelength make a change.
4.2.6 Press Mode key to A mode, pull reference solution into light
path, press 0Abs key until display reads 0.000, then pull the
solution to be tested into light path, you can get the
absorbance value for the solution to be tested.

4.3 Quantitation

4.3.1 Measure concentration with standard samples.

4.3.1.1 Press Mode key to ‘A’ mode.

4.3.1.2 Rotate the wavelength knob to set wavelength. Please
note to set zero one more time if wavelength changes.
4.3.1.3 Put reference solution, standard solution and the solution
to be tested into cuvettes separately.
4.3.1.4 Open the sample compartment cover and Insert reference
solution, standard solution and the solution to be tested
into the slots of cuvette separately. Suggest Inserting
reference solution into the first slot of cuvette. Then close
the sample compartment cover.
4.3.1.5 Pull reference solution into light path, press 0Abs key until
display reads 0.000.
Press Mode key to C mode.
4.3.1.6 pull standard solution into light path, press 0%T and
100%T key to increase or decrease to reach the
concentration value of the known standard sample. Then
press Enter key. The mode go to F mode automatically,
display reads F value. Then press Enter again, the mode
go to C mode accordingly.
4.3.1.7 Pull the sample to be tested into light path, display reads
the concentration value of samples to be tested.

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4.3.2 Measure concentration with factor(coefficient).

4.3.2.1 Press Mode key to ‘A’ mode.

4.3.2.2 Rotate the wavelength knob to set wavelength. Please
note to set zero one more time if wavelength make a
change.
4.3.2.3 Put reference solution and the solution to be tested into
cuvettes separately.
4.3.2.4 Open the sample compartment cover and Insert reference
solution and the solution to be tested into the slots of
cuvette separately. Suggest Inserting reference solution
into the first slot of cuvette. Then close the sample
compartment cover.
4.3.2.5 Pull reference solution into light path, press 0Abs key until
display reads 0.000. Press Mode key to F mode.
4.3.2.6 Press 0%T and 100%T key to increase or decrease to
reach the factor value of the known standard sample, then
press Enter key. The mode go to C mode automatically.
4.3.2.7 Pull the sample to be tested into light path, display reads
the concentration value of samples to be tested.

Note: it is required to input integer number for C and F value. If the

value is fractional, please convert fractional number into integer,
and convert it back after test finish.

4.4 Store and read data

Press Save key to store the displayed value after user get a test
data (A/T/C/F). At the moment, M+ is lighted and shows the storage
position number on the left.

RAM is lighted after holding ‘Save’ key. It shows the total storage
data quantity on the left. Press 0%T and 100%T key to select the
position you want to read. Display reads after press Enter key.
Press ESC key and return to the normal test interface.

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4.5 Delete data

Hold ESC key 3 seconds or more after turn on the instrument to

cancel all saved data.

4.6 Print data

Connect to thermo printer with serial port. Press Enter key to print
value under T/ A mode.

Connect to thermo printer with serial port. Press Enter key to print
value under the mode of storing and reading.

Note: printer is optional.

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