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    Trigonometry

    Uploaded by

    Clive Nyabuti
    The document provides an overview of trigonometry including trigonometric ratios, calculating angles using trigonometric functions, Pythagoras' theorem, and angles of elevation and depression. It includes examples of calculating sides and angles of triangles using trigonometric functions and Pythagoras' theorem.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Trigonometry

    Uploaded by

    Clive Nyabuti
    9 views7 pages
    The document provides an overview of trigonometry including trigonometric ratios, calculating angles using trigonometric functions, Pythagoras' theorem, and angles of elevation and depression. It includes examples of calculating sides and angles of triangles using trigonometric functions and Pythagoras' theorem.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    The document provides an overview of trigonometry including trigonometric ratios, calculating angles using trigonometric functions, Pythagoras' theorem, and angles of elevation and depression. It includes examples of calculating sides and angles of triangles using trigonometric functions and Pythagoras' theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views7 pages

    Trigonometry

    Uploaded by

    Clive Nyabuti
    The document provides an overview of trigonometry including trigonometric ratios, calculating angles using trigonometric functions, Pythagoras' theorem, and angles of elevation and depression. It includes examples of calculating sides and angles of triangles using trigonometric functions and Pythagoras' theorem.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Trigonometry

    Outline
    - Trigonometry
    - Pythagoras theorem
    - Angles of elevation and depression

    Trigonometry
    Trigonometric ratios
    - Sine
    - Cosine
    - Tangent

    SOHCAHTOA
    𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
    Sin x = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
    𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
    Cos x = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

    𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
    Tan x = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

    Calculate the size of the marked angle x° in each of the following


    diagrams.

    tan x = 7/6 = 1.167

    x = tan-11.167 = 49.40

    tan x = 13/10.5 = 1.2381


    X = tan-1 1.2381 = 51.0730 ✔
    tan x = 15/12 = 1.25

    x = tan-1 1.25 = 51.3400✔

    Calculate the length of the marked side in each of the following diagrams.

    sin 24 = l / 6
    L = 6 sin 24✔
    L = 2.4404cm✔

    sin 60 = q / 16
    q = 16 sin 60✔
    q =13.856cm✔

    sin 49 = c / 8.2✔
    C = 8.2 sin 49
    C = 6.189cm✔

    Calculate the marked side or angle in each of the following diagrams

    cos 26 = a / 40✔
    a = 40 cos 26
    a = 35.952cm✔
    cos 15 = 14.6 / y
    y = 14.6/cos 15✔
    y = 15.1150cm✔

    cos x = 12 / 18✔
    cos x = 0.6667
    x = cos-1 0.6667 = 48.187✔

    Pythagoras’ theorem
    Pythagoras’ theorem states the relationship between the lengths of the three sides of a
    right-angled triangle.
    Pythagoras’ theorem states that:
    a2 = b2 + c2

    Worked examples
    a) Calculate the length of the side BC.

    Calculate the length of the side BC.


    Using Pythagoras:
    a2 = b2 + c2
    a2 = 82 + 62
    a2 = 64 + 36 = 100
    a = 100 = 10
    In each of the diagrams in Questions 1 and 2, use Pythagoras’ theorem to calculate the length
    of the marked side.

    a2= b2 + c2
    42 + 32 = 25
    = 25
    = 5 cm✔

    a2 = b2 + c2
    92 + 72 =130
    = 130
    =11.4018mm✔

    b2= c2 - a2
    152 - 92 = 144
    = 144
    = 12cm✔

    a2+b2=c2 10.29562+42=121.999
    92+52=106 = 121. 999
    = 106 =11.0453cm
    =10.2956cm✔

    a2+b2=c2 132+72= 218


    122+52=169 = 218
    = 169 =14.765cm
    =13cm
    a2+b2=c2 162-82= 192 13.856-6=7.856
    2 2
    10 -8 =36 = 192 g=7.856cm✔
    = 36 =13.856cm✔
    =6cm✔

    a2+b2=c2 6.70822+32= 53. 910


    92 - 62= 45 h=7.342cm
    = 45
    =6.7082cm

    Angles of elevation and depression


    The angle of elevation is the angle above the horizontal through which a line of view is raised.
    The angle of depression is the angle below the horizontal through which a line of view is
    lowered.

    Worked examples
    a) The base of a tower is 60 m away from a point X on the ground. If the angle of elevation of
    the top of the tower from X is 40°, calculate the height of the tower

    Give your answer to the nearest metre.


    b An aeroplane receives a signal from a point X on the ground. If the angle of depression of
    point X from the aeroplane is 30°, calculate the height at which the plane is flying. Give your
    answer to the nearest 0.1 km.

    Work To Do
    1. A and B are two villages. If the horizontal distance between them is 12 km and the
    vertical distance between them is 2 km, calculate:
    a) the shortest distance between the two villages,

    b) the angle of elevation of B from A.

    2.
    X and Y are two towns. If the horizontal distance between
    them is 10 km and the angle of depression of Y from X is 7°,
    calculate:
    a the shortest distance between the two towns,

    b the vertical height between the two town

    3. A girl standing on a hill at A can see a small boat at a point B on a lake

    If the girl is at a height of 50 m above B and at a


    horizontal distance of 120 m away from B, calculate:
    a the angle of depression of the boat from the girl,

    b the shortest distance between the girl and the boat.


    4.

    Two hot air balloons are 1 km apart in the air. If the angle of
    elevation of the higher from the lower balloon is 20°, calculate,
    giving your answers to the nearest metre:
    a the vertical height between the two balloons,

    b the horizontal distance between the two balloons.

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