POP 25 Ways To Prevent Situational Crime

POP; 25 ways to prevent
situational crime
https://www.omicsonline.org/editor-pdf/G_S_Bajpai.pdf
SCP
 1. Primary crime prevention.
 2. The art and science of reducing opportunities for
crime
 3. Based on new crime theories:
 ◦Rational choice
 ◦ Routine activity
 SCP seeks to influence the offender’s decision or ability

to commit crimes at particular Places and times by way
of particularly designed measures
SCP
 Situational crime prevention refers to how, in certain

situations, adaptations can be made to prevent criminal
acts. It involves looking at what crimes people commit,
and where they commit them, and what can be done in
that situation to prevent the crimes from happening.
 [https://www.tutor2u.net/sociology/reference/situatio
nal-crime-prevention]
 “opportunity makes the thief” (opportunity
theory) and that the offender (or would-be
offender) makes choices (rational choice
theory) in order to make the best of those
opportunities.
10 principles of crime opportunity
1. Opportunities play a role in causing all crime, not just common
property crime-For example,studies of bars and clubs show
how their design and management play an important role in
generating violnce or preventing it.
2. Crime opportunities are highly specific-For example the theft of
cars for joyriding has a different pattern of opportunity than
theft for car parts. Crime opportunity theory helps sort out
these differences so responses can be appropriately tailored.
3. Crime opportunities are concentrated in time and space-
Dramatic differences are found from one address to another
even in a high crime area. Crime shifts greatly by the hour and
day of the week,reflecting the opportunities to carry it out.
 4.Crime opportunities depend on everyday movements
of activityOffenders and targets shift according to
routine activities (e.g. work, school, leisure). For
example burglars visit houses in the day when the
occupants are out at work or school.
 5. One crime produces the opportunities for another-
For example,a successful break-in may encourage the
offender to return in thefuture or a youth who has his
bike stolen may feel justified in taking someone else's
as a replacement.
 6. Some products offer more tempting crime
opportunities-For example easily carried electrical
items such as DVD players and mobile phones are
attractive to burglars and robbers.
 7.Social and technological changes produce new crime
opportunities-Products are most vulnerable in their 'growth'
and'mass marketing'stages, as demand for them is at its highest.
Most products will reach a 'saturation' stage where most people
have them and they then are unlikely to be stolen.
 8.Crime can be prevented by reducing opportunities-The
opportunity reducing methods of situational crime prevention
can be applied to all aspecs of everyday life, but they must be
tailored to specific situations.
 9. Reducing opportunities does not usually displace
crimeWholesale displacement is very rare and many studies have
found little if any crime displacement.
 10. Focused opportunity reduction can produce wider declines in
crime-Prevention measures in one area can lead to a reduction in
another nearby, a 'diffusion of benefits'. This is because offenders
might overestimate the reach of those measures.
5 Ways to Modify a Situation
 Increasing the effort involved in crime by making the targets harder to get at or
hindering the commission of crime (e.g., target hardening, access control, exit and
entrance screening) the offender must make to carry out the crime.
 Increasing the risks whether real or perceived, of detection and apprehension (e.g.,
surveillance, screening, profiling the offender must face in completing the crime
 Reducing the rewards or benefits the offender expects to obtain from the crime. ,
(e.g., target removal, property marking, merchandise ink-tags)
 Reducing or avoiding provocations that may tempt or incite offenders into criminal
acts
 Removing excuses that offenders may use to “rationalize” or justify their actions.
1. Increasing the Efforts
1. Target harden
 Making a structure more difficult or less attractive target
for terrorists
 Anti robbery screen
 Physical modifications, such as secure locks and motion
lights.
 General access control or biometrics.
2. Control access to facilities
 Entry phones
 Electronic card access
 Baggage screening
Types
 Discretionary access control (DAC)[It allows for multiple administrators to
control access to a property]
 Mandatory access control (MAC)[cannot be overridden or bypassed, and
they determine who is granted access to a property]
 Role-based access control (RBAC)[residents tend to move in and out of a
building depending on the terms of their lease]
 Rule-based access control (RuBAC)[adjusting access permissions for an
amenity such as a pool or gym that’s only open during daylight hours.]
3. Screen exits
 The electronic methods of screening in entry and

exit checking are in use in all important points
 Don't let people leave without consideration, observation
or control of their departure.
 Ticket needed for exit
 Export documents
 Electronic merchandise tags
4. Deflect offenders
 Street closures
 separate public facilities for women
 Street closures
 Special rooms for women
 Disperse pubs
5. Control tools
 Disabling stolen cell phones

 Toughened or plastic material glasses be used in the
pubs and beer bars
 Gates, locks, walls and other fortress options.
2. Increasing the risks
6. Extend guardianship
 known monitoring may reduce the desire and opportunity
to offend
 Take routine precaution
 Go out in group at night
 leave signs of occupancy
 Carry phone
7. Assist natural surveillance
 You can't prevent and protect what you can't see

 Improved street lighting
 Defensible space design
 Support whistleblowers
8. Reduce anonymity
 Meet, greet, document and engage with

everyone.
 Everyone may be welcome, but everyone is also
acknowledge and observed.
 Nameless, anonymous people and practices are
minimized.
 Drivers ID’s
9. Utilize place managers
 Accountability and responsibility creates purpose and action.

 Dedicated people to manage space, place and activities act as
guardians and apply active management, control and practices to
environments.
 CCTV for double decks buses
 Two clerks for convenience stores
10. Strengthen formal vigilance
 The police
 Red light camera
 Burglar alarms
 Security guards
 CCTV
3. Reducing Rewards
11. Conceal targets
 Don't let everyone see the valuable stuff or all
that makes value
12. Remove targets
 Removable car radio
 Women’s refuges
 Pre-paid cards for pay phones
13. Identify property
 Property marking
 Vehicle licensing and parts marking
 Cattle branding
14. Disrupt markets
 License street vendors

 Controls on classified ads
15. Deny benefits
 Ink merchandise tags

 Graffiti cleaning
 Speed humps
4. Reducing Provocation
16.Reduce frustration and stress
 Efficient queues and polite service
 Expended seating
 Gently and calmy music/muted lights
 17. Avoid disputes
 18. Reduce emotional arousa
 19. Neutralize peer pressure
 20. Discourage imitation

5. Remove excuses
21. Set rule

22. Post instructions
23. Alert conscience
 Roadside speed display boards
 Signatures for customs declaration
 Shoplifting
 Stealing
24. Assist compliance
 Easy library check out

 Public bus, fresh room
 Availble bins
 25. Controls drugs and alcohols
Triangle
 when a crime occurs, three things happen at the same time and in the
same space:
 1. a suitable target is available.
 2. there is the lack of a suitable guardian to prevent the crime from
happening.
 3. a motivated offender is present.

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POP; 25 ways to prevent

 SCP seeks to influence the offender’s decision or ability

 Situational crime prevention refers to how, in certain

 The electronic methods of screening in entry and

 Disabling stolen cell phones

 You can't prevent and protect what you can't see

 Meet, greet, document and engage with

 Accountability and responsibility creates purpose and action.

 License street vendors

 Ink merchandise tags

 18. Reduce emotional arousa

 19. Neutralize peer pressure

 20. Discourage imitation

21. Set rule

 Easy library check out

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