SSC Physical Science Edge

Section-IV Q.No: 17 (Physics and Chemistry Part –AS3) 8 Marks

1. Suggest an experiment to prove that the presence of air and water is essential for corrosion. Explain
the procedure.
Ans: Aim: To prove that the presence of air and water are essential occurrences of corrosion.
Apparatus: Three test tubes, three corks, Distilled water, anhydrous calcium chloride, clean iron nails and
oil etc.
Procedure: 1.Take 3 test tubes and place clean iron nails in each of them. Label the test tubes A, B and C
2. Pour some water in test tube A and cork it.
3. Pour boiled distilled water in test tube B, and about 1ml of oil and cork it.
4. Put some anhydrous calcium chloride in test tube C and cork it.
5. Leave these test tubes for a few days and then observe.
6. After a few days, we will observe that iron nails rust in test tube A, but they do not rust in test tubes
B and C.
A B C

Conclusion: From the above experiment, we can prove that air and water are essential for corrosion.
2. Compounds such as alcohols and glucose contain hydrogen but are not categorized as acids.
Describe an activity to prove it.
Ans: i) Prepare solutions of glucose, alcohol, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid etc.,
ii) Connect two different coloured electrical wires to graphite rods separately in a 100 ml beaker as shown
in figure.
iii) Connect free ends of the wire to 230 volts AC plug and complete the circuit as shown in the fig by
connecting a bulb to one of the wires.
iv) Now pour some dilute HCl in the beaker and switch on the current.
v) We observe that the bulb glows.
vi) Repeat activity with dilute sulphuric acid and glucose and alcohol
solutions separately.
vii) You will notice that the bulb glows only in acid solutions but not
in glucose and alcohol solutions.
viii) Glowing of bulb indicates that there is flow of electric current
through the solution. Acid solutions have ions and the moment
of these ions in solution helps for flow of electric current through
the solution.
ix) The positive ion (cation) present in HCl solution is H+. This suggests
that acids produce hydrogen ions H+ in solution, which are responsible for their acidic properties.
x) In glucose and alcohol solution the bulb did not glow indicating the absence of H+ ions in these
solutions. The acidity of acids is attributed to the H+ ions produced by them in solutions.
3. What is meant by “water of crystallization” of a substance? Describe an activity to show the water of
crystallisation.
Ans: Water of crystallization is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit
of a salt.
Activity:
 i) Take a few crystals of blue colour copper sulphate in
a dry test tube and heat the test tube.
ii) We observed that blue colour salt turns white and
water droplets on the walls of the test tube.
iii) Add 2-3 drops of water on the sample of copper
sulphate obtained after heating.
iv) We observed that blue colour of salt is restored.
v) From this activity we conclude that some water molecules are
fixed in the blue coloured copper sulphate crystals.
4. Show that acids produce hydrogen gas when react with metals.
Ans: Aim: To show that acid produce hydrogen gas reacted with metals.
Materials required: test tube, delivery tube, glass trough, candle, soap water, dil. HCl, and zinc granules.
Procedure:
1) Set the apparatus as shown in figure.
2) Take about 10ml of dilute HCl in a test tube and
add a few zinc granules to it.
3) We observe a gas is evolved from the zinc granules
4) Pass the gas being evolved through the soap water.
5) We observe some bubbles formed in the soap solution.
6) Bring a burning candle near the gas filled bubble.
7) The candle turn off with a pop sound
8) The pop sound indicates that the gas evolved in H2
Acid + Metal  Salt + Hydrogen
2 HCl (aq) + Zn(s)  Zn Cl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
9) Repeat this experiment with remaining acids
Conclusion: We conclude that hydrogen gas is produced when acid reacts with metals.

Section-IV Q.No: 16 (Chemistry Part -AS1) 8 Marks

1. Explain the significance of three Quantum numbers in predicting the positions of an electron in an atom.
Ans: 1. Principal Quantum Number (n)
i) The principal quantum number gives the size and energy of the main shell and it is denoted by n.
ii) ‘n’ has positive integer values of 1, 2, 3,…
iii) As ‘n’ increases, size and energy of the shell increases.
iv) The shells are denoted by the letters K,L,M,N,...

2. The angular - momentum quantum number (l)

i) The angular momentum quantum gives the shape of sub-shells and it is denoted by l
ii) ‘l’ has integer values from 0 to n-1 for each value of ‘n’.
iii) The sub-shell are designated by the letters s,p,d,f...

3. The magnetic quantum number (ml)

i) It gives the information about the orientation of orbitals in the presence of magnetic field.
ii) The magnetic quantum number (ml) has integer values between -l and l, including zero.
iii) For given l value, ml has (2l+1)values
iv) s-orbital is spherical in shape, p-orbital is dumbell-shaped and d-orbital are double dumbell-
shaped
2. Define the modern periodic Law. Discuss the construction of the long form of the periodic table.
Ans: “The physical and chemical properties of elements are the periodic functions of the electronic
configurations of their atoms.”
1. Based on the modern periodic law, this modern periodic table is proposed.
2. The modern periodic table has 18 vertical columns known as Groups and 7 horizontal rows known as Periods.
3. 18 groups represented by using Roman numeral I through VIII with letters A and B in traditional
notation or 1 to 18 Arabic numerals.
4. 7 periods represented by 1 to 7 Arabic numerals.
5. 1st period contains 2 elements, 2nd and 3rd periods contains 8 elements each, 4th and 5th periods contains
18 elements each, 6th period contains 32 elements and 7th periods is incomplete.
6. The elements are classified as s,p,d and f block elements.
7. Inert or Noble or Rare gases elements are placed in 18th group.
8. Each period starting with metal and ending with inert gas.
9. Left side elements are metals and right side elements are non-metals.
10. s and p block elements are known as Representative elements.
11. d-block elements are called Transition elements.
12. f-block elements are called Inner transition elements. They are placed separately at the bottom of the table.
Advantage: 1. To study the properties of the elements easily
3. Explain the formation of BeCl2 molecule using hybridization.
Ans: Formation of BeCl2:-
a) Be(z=4) has electronic configuration 1s22s2
b) It has no unpaired electrons
c) It is suggested that excited Be atom in which an electron from
2s shifts to 2px level.
d) The excited electronic configuration of Be is 1s2 2s1 2p1x
e) Electronic configuration of Cl(z=17) is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2x 3p2y 3p1z
f) If Be forms two covalent bonds with two Chlorine atoms, one bond should be σ2s-3p due to the
overlap of 2s orbital of Be, the 3pz orbital of one Chlorine atom.
g) The other bond should be σ2s-3p due to the overlap of 2px orbital of Be atom the 3p orbital of the
other Chlorine atom and bond angle is 1800
4. Explain the formation of BF3 molecule using hybridization.
Ans: Formation of BF3:-
a) B(z=5) has electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p1x
b) The excited electronic configuration of B is 1s2 2s1 2p1x2p1y
c) As it forms three identical B-F bonds in BF3
d) It is suggested that excited B atom undergoes hybridization.
e) There is an intermixing of 2s, 2px, 2py orbitals and their redistribution
into three identical orbitals called sp2 hybrid orbitals
f) For three sp2 orbitals to get separated to have minimum repulsion the
angle between any two orbitals is 1200 at the central atom.
g) Now three fluorine atoms overlap their 2pz orbitals containing unpaired electrons.
[F (z=9) 1s22s22p2x2p2y2p1z] the three sp2 orbitals of B that contain unpaired electrons to form.

Section-IV Q.No: 15 (Physics Part -AS1) 8 Marks

1. Explain the following terms.
a) Temperature b) Heat c) Evaporation d) Condensation
Ans: a) Temperature: The degree of hotness or coldness of the object is known as temperature.
It is denoted by T. SI unit is Kelvin.
b) Heat: Heat is energy. Its flows from a body at higher temperature to a body at lower temperature.
It is denoted by Q. SI unit is Joule.
c) Evaporation: The process of escaping of molecules from the surface of a liquid at any temperature is
called evaporation.
It is a cooling process. It depends on its surface area, temperature and humidity.
d) Condensation: The process of the phase change from gas to liquid is called condensation.
It is a warming process.
2. Explain the formation of mirages?
Ans: i) During a hot summer day, air just above the road surface is very hot
and the air at higher altitudes is cool.
ii) It means that the temperature decreases with height.
iii) As a result density of air increases with height.
iv) We know that refractive index of air increases with density.
v) Thus the refractive index of air increases with height. So, the cooler air at
the top has greater refractive index than hotter air just above the road.
Light travels faster through the thinner hot air than through the denser cool air
vi)When the light from a tall object such as tree or from the sky passes through a medium just above the
road, whose refractive index decreases towards ground, it suffers, refraction and takes a curved path
because of total internal reflection.
vii) This refracted light reaches the observer in a direction shown in Figure.
viii) Hence we feel the illusion of water being present on road which is the virtual image of the sky
(mirage) and an inverted image of tree on the road
3. How do you correct the eye defect Myopia?
Ans: i) Some people cannot see objects at long distances but can see nearby objects clearly.
This type of defect in vision is called “Myopia”
ii) It is also called “Near sightedness”
iii) If person with myopia his maximum focal length is less than 2.5 cm
iv) If person with myopia, form an image before the retina

v) The point of maximum distance at which the eye lens can form an image on the retina is called “far
point(M)”
vi) A person with myopia can see objects clearly up to far point. After far point cannot see the objects
clearly
vii) To correct this myopia by using bi-concave lens
vii) Focal length of bi-concave lens is f = -D

4. Explain the correction of the eye defect Hypermetropia.

Ans: i) Some people cannot see objects at near distances but can see distant objects clearly. This type of
defect in vision is called”Hypermetropia”
ii) It is also called “Far sightedness”
iii) If person suffering from hypermetropia, his maximum focal length is more than 2.27cm
iv) If person suffering from hypermetropia, form an image beyond the retina

v) The point of minimum distance at which the eye lens can form an image on the retin is called “near
point(H)”
vi) A person with hypermetropia can see objects clearly after near point. Cannot see the objects clearly
between Least distance of distinct vision(L) and near point(H)
vii) To correct this hypermetropia by using bi-convex lens
viii) Focal length of bi-concave lens is f = 25d/(d-25)
5. Explain the formation of rainbow.
Ans: i) The rainbow are due to dispersion of the sunlight by millions of tiny water
droplets.
ii) Let us consider the case of an individual water drop.
iii) The rays of sunlight enter the drop near its top surface.At this first refraction,
the white light is dispersed into its spectrum of colours, violet being deviated
the most and red the least.
iv) Reaching the opposite side of the drop, each colour is reflected
back into the drop because of total internal reflection.
v) At the second refraction the angle between red and violet rays
further increases when compared to the angle between those at first refraction.
vi) The angle between the incoming and outgoing rays can be anything between 00 and about 420.
vii) We observe bright rainbow when the angle between incoming and outgoing rays is near the
maximum angle of 420.
Section-III Q.No: 12 (Physics and Chemistry – AS5) 4 Marks
1. Draw a neat diagram showing acid solution in water conducts electricity.
Ans:

2. Draw a diagram showing the increasing value of (n+l) of orbitals (OR)

Draw moeller chart of filling order of atomic orbitals
Ans:

3. Draw Reverberatory furnace and label its parts. (OR) Which furnace is generally used for
roasting? Draw a neat diagram and label the parts of this furnace

4. Which method is suitable to enrich sulphide ores? Draw a neat diagram and label the parts (OR)
Draw the diagram showing Froth floatation method and label its parts.
5. Draw the d-orbitals (OR) Draw the shapes of orbitals with l = 2

6. Draw pH value as shown by different colour in universal indicator

= Section-I Physics and Chemistry – AS5 1 Mark

1.
1. Draw
Draw the
the shape
shape of
of s-orbital
s-orbital 5. Represent Calcium atom using Lewis notation.

6. Observe figure. a) What is the direction of current

b) What type of magnetic pole formed at the face

2. Draw the shape of any one of p-orbital

a) Into page b) North pole

7. Draw any one type of lens.

3. Draw the simple figure of a soap molecule.

8. Draw the symbols of

a) Resistance b) Resistor c) Battery d) Rheostat

Ω
4. Complete the ray diagram

M.SRINIVASA RAO, SA(PHYSICS)

GUDIVADA
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