Ata Vol-02

PI 653 CERTIFICATION COURSE FOR
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API 653- STORAGE TANK INSPECTOR
PREPARATORY COURSE
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VOLUME-2
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QUESTION BANK
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Practice Questions for API 653 Preparatory Course
( Covering all Codes and Standards)
1) __________ is a change from previous operating conditions involving different properties of the
stored product such as specific gravity or corrosivity and / or different service conditions of
temperature and / or pressure"
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(a) Re-rating; (b) Change in service;
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(c) Repair; (d) Reconstruction
REF : API-653, - 3.7
ANS : (b)
2) A __________ is a device used to determine the image quality of a radiograph.
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(a) A step wedge comparison film; (b) A densitometer;
(c) A penetramter (d) All of the above.
REF : ASME Section V, T-233

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ANS : (c)
3) A corroded roof plate is found to have an average thickness of 0.1" measured over an area of
100 sq. inches. This area shall be :-
(a) Repaired or replaced; (b) Found to be acceptable;

(c) Repair is prohibited; (d) Replacement is mandated
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REF : API-653, 4.2.1.2
ANS : (b)
4) A double-welded butt joint is defined as :-

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(a) A joint between two members that intersect at an angle between 0 degrees (a butt joint)
and 90 degrees (a corner joint).
(b) A joint between two abutting parts lying in approximately the same plane that is welded
from both sides.
(c) A joint whose size is equal to the thickness of the thinner jointed member.
(d) A joint between two overlapping members in which the overlapped edge is welded.
REF : API 650, 3.1.1.1
ANS : (b)
5) An external floating roof shall be provided with at least one manhole having a minimum
inside diameter of __________ inches.
(a) 18; (b) 15; (c) 24; (d) 30.
REF : API 650, APP. C. 3.11
ANS : (c)
6) A formal Visual External inspection by a qualified inspector shall be done atleast :-
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(a) Every 5 years of ¼ CR life whichever is less
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(b) Every 5 years of ½ CR life whichever is less
(c) Every 2 years
(d) Every 1- years or ¼ CR life whichever is greater
REF :API 653, 6.3.2.1
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ANS : (a)
7) A full hydrostatic test (when required) shall be held for __________ hours :-
(a) 24; (b) 8; (c) 18; (d) 12
REF : API 653, 12.3.1.1

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ANS : (a)
8) A full-fillet weld is a weld that :-
(a) not less than 1/3 the thinner plate;

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(b) the legs equal the thickness of the thinner plate;

(c) the largest isosceles triangle that can be inscribed within the cross section of the weld
(d) is atleast the thickness of the thicker plate
REF : API 650 3.1.1.7
ANS : (b)
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9) A hot tap in a 1.25" thick tank with a minimum metal temperature of 65oF at time of hot tap,
without having material toughness data is :-
(a) not permitted; (b) permitted;

(c) not enough information; (d) not addressed by the code
REF : API 653 – 9.13.4 & Fig. 9-5
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ANS : (a)
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10) A hydrostatic test for a relocated tank :-
(a) may be waived by the Owner / Operator; (b) is required;

(c) may be waived by the Inspector; (d) is not necessary
REF : API 653, 12.3.1.1 (a)
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ANS : (b)
11) A liquid penetrant examiner must have vision to enable him to read Jagger Type 2 standard
chart at a distance of not less than 12 inches and is capable of distinguishing and
differentiating contrast between colours used. Examiners shall be checked __________ to
ensure that they meet these requirements :-
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(a) Quarterly; (b) Semi-Annually;
(c) Annually; (d) Bi-Annually.
REF : API 650, 6.4.3 (a)

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ANS : (c)
12) A procedure qualification record (PQR) shall address :-
(a) non-essential variables;

(b) (b) essential variables;
(c) supplemental essential variables (when required);
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(d) (d) both (b) and (c)
REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-200.2
ANS : (d)
13) A radiograph is made using an X-ray source and two films in each film holder. For composite
viewing, each film of the composite shall have a minimum density of :-
(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3
REF : ASME Section V, T-282.1
ANS : (d)
14) A reconstructed tank with a total height of 25' has been determined to have an out-of-
plumbness of 2-3/4". This is :-
(a) acceptable; (b) unacceptable;

(c) not covered by the code (d) corrected by eternal strengthening
REF : API-653, 10.5.2.1
ANS : (a)
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15) A riveted tank shell with a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency ?
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(a) 0.75"; (b) 0.85"; (c) 0.90; (d) 0.91.
REF : API-653, Table 4-2
ANS : (b)
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16) A SAW welding operator is attempting to quality by radiography on a 6 inch thick test
coupon. Elongated slag inclusions are measured to be 0.2 inch long.
(a) Must weld 2 additional coupons; (b) meets the requirements (passes)
(c) slag must not exceed 0.5" (d) slag is not acceptable.
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REF : ASME Section IX, QW-191.2.2
ANS : (b)
17) A self-supporting cone roof :-

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(a) is formed approximately to the surface of a right cone;

(b) both a and d
(c) has columns and / or rafters on trusses
(d) is supported at the periphery.
REF : API 650 3.10.1 (a)

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ANS : (b)
18) A shell to bottom fillet weld for a Grade IV material shall be
(a) made with atleast 2 passed; (b) may be made with 1 pass
(c) shall be atleast 3 / 16" (d) both (a) and (c) above
REF : API 650 3.1.5.7 c
ANS : (a)
19) A single film technique was used to make a radiograph using a Cobalt-60 source. The
minimum permitted density in the area of interest is :
(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3.
ANS : (b)
20) A supported cone roof :-
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(a) is formed approximately to the surface of a right cone;
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(b) both (a) and (c);
(c) has columns and / or rafters on trusses;
(d) is supported at the periphery
REF : API 650 3.10.1 (a)
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ANS : (b)
21) A tank bottom depression is 9.125" deep, radius of depression is 22.5 feet. What is the
maximum depth of depression ?
(a) 7.825"; (b) 8.062"; (c) 8.125"; (d) 8.325"

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REF : 653 APP. “B” B-6
ANS : (d)
22) A tank bottom lining with a measured thickness of 15 mils should be tested with :-
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(a) A high voltage detector in accordance with NACE RP0188;

(b) A low voltage (67.5 volts) wet sponge detector;
(c) A calibrated Ultrasonic tester;
(d) An Eddy Current lift-off detector;
REF : API-652, 7.3.2

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ANS : (b)
23) A weld shall be unacceptable by Visal Inspection if the inspection shows which of the
following ?
(a) The weld has no crater cracks or other surface cracks.

(b) Undercutting exceeds the limits given in 5.2.1.4 for vertical or horizontal butt joints.
(c) The frequency of surface porosity in the weld does not exceed one cluster (one or more
pores) in any four inches of length, and the diameter of each cluster does not exceed 3/32
inch.
(d) All of the above;
REF : API 650 6.5.1

ANS : (b)
24) A weld with a nominal thickness of 1.5 inch is to be radiographed using a film side
penetrameter, hole type. The penetrameter designation should be :-
(a) 25; (b) 30; (c) 35; (d) Both (a) and (b) are responsible;
ANS : (a)
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25) A welder may deviate from the parameters specified in WPS if they are nonessential
variables :-
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(a) Provided authorisation from inspection is documented;
(b) Provided the welding supervisor approves;
(c) No;
(d) Nonessential variables only apply to PQRs
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REF : ASME Section IX, QW-200.1
ANS : (c)
26) A welder qualifies in the 3G position on a plate coupon, he is then qualified to weld in the
position(s) on NPS 6 pipe :-
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(a) F, V; (b) F only; (c) F, V, O; (d) ALL
ANS : (b)
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27) A welder who is qualified using a double-groove weld :-
(a) is also qualified to make a single V-groove weld without backing;

(b) is also qualified to make a single V-groove weld with backing;
(c) may weld in the 6G position;
(d) must requalify every 2 months
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ANS : (b)
28) A welder's ID must be placed at intervals not exceeding along completed welds :-
(a) One foot; (b) One and a half feet;

(c) Two feet; (d) Three feet.
REF : API-653, 11.2.2
ANS : (d)
29) A welding procedure qualified on ¼ inch thick plate can be used to weld groove welds in
materials from to :-
(a) 3/16 to 3/4; (b) 1/16 to 3/4;

(c) 3/8 to 3/4; (d) 1/16 to 1/2.
ANS : (d)
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30) A welding procedure qualified on 3/8" thick plate can be used to weld groove welds in
materials :-
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(a) 3/16 to 3/4; (b) 1/16 to 3/4;
(c) 3/8 to 3/4; (d) 1/16 to 3/8.
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ANS : (b)
31) A welding procedure qualified under the 1965 ASME Code Section IX :
(a) Is obsolete;
(b) Is still applicable;
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(c) Must be re-qualified every 3 years when code is re-issued;
(d) is not addressed by the code
REF : ASME Section IX Forward
ANS : (b)
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32) Above-ground storage tank is defined as a stationary container with a barrel capacity greater
than :-
(a) 2000 barrels; (b) 300 barrels;

(c) 500 barrels; (d) 750 barrels.
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REF : API 651-1.2.1
ANS : (c)
33) Acceptance standards for MT examination shall be per :-
(a) AWS D-1.1;

(b) SNT-TC-1A;
(c) Appendix 6 of ASME Sect VII, div. 1
(d) Article 7 of ASME Sect V
REF :API 650 6.2.4
ANS : (c)
34) All tanks shall be given a formal visual external inspection by an inspector at least :-
(a) every 3 years or at quarter corrosion rate;

(b) every 5 years or at quarter corrosion rate;
(c) every 3 years or at half corrosion rate;
(d) every 5 years or at half corrosion rate.
REF : API-653-6.3.2.1
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ANS : (b)
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35) inspection only when :-
(a) operations dictate;

(b) construction allows external access to the tank bottom to determine thickness;
(c) all insulation is removed from the tank;
(d) no alternate is allowed.
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REF : API 653 6.5
ANS : (b)
36) Anticipated minimum thickness of tank bottom where bottom / foundation design provides
for leak detection and containment is :-
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(a) 0.10"; (b) 0.05"; (c) 0.09";
(d) same as without leak detection and containment.
REF : API 653 Table 6-1

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ANS : (b)
37) Radiographic location markers are to be placed
(a) on the exposure holder / cassette; (b) on the part;

(c) between the part and the film; (d) either (b) or (c) above
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REF :ASME Section V-T375
ANS : (d)
38) At what design metal temperature must impact tests be made for all weld metal and
procedures to be used ?
(a) Below 32oF; (b) Below 20oF; (c) Below 15oF; (d) Below 10oF.
REF : API 650-7.2.2.4
ANS : (b)
39) At what level is the atmosphere considered oxygen-deficient ?
(a) less than 19.5 %; (b) less than 21.9 %;

(c) less than 24.9 %; (d) less than 16.0 %
REF : API 2015 – 3.3
ANS : (a)
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40) Base metals are grouped into groupings according to their welding characteristics :-
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(a) F-number; (b) AWS;
(c) A-number; (d) P-number.
REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-421
ANS : (d)
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41) Based on a measured corrosion of 0.006" annually and using a corrosion allowance of 0.120",
how long before the next UT thickness measurements are required ?
(a) 10 years; (b) 36.5 years;

(c) 20 years; (d) 15 years.
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REF : API-653 6.3.3.2
ANS : (d)
42) Based on variable-design point method, calculate the first course thickness, exclusive of CA,
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for a 200 foot diameter tank, purchaser specified specific gravity of 1, 56 feet in height, using
96 inch courses with material stress of 23,000 psi. Design is based on test conditions :-
(a) 0.853; (b) 0.934; (c) 1.239; (d) 1.220
REF : API 650-3.6.4

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ANS : (c)
43) Before elevating the operating temperature of a shell tank to a temperature above 200 degrees
F, what document must be considered ?
(a) API RP 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage;

(b) API 650, Appendix M;
(c) API RO 650, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Tanks;
(d) Publication 2207, Preparing Tank Bottoms for Work.
REF : API-653, 4.2.4.4
ANS : (b)
44) Bimetallic corrosion can occur when :-
(a) A bronze check valve is joined to steel piping;

(b) Either stainless steel or copper is connected to a steel tank;
(c) Neither (a) or (b);
(d) Both (a) and (b).
REF : API 651 2.2.2
ANS : (d)
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45) Bottom leak detection :-
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(a) can be detected by installation of cathodic protection;
(b) can be detected by observation at a tell-tale hole;
(c) is a hazard that can not be detected;
(d) never happens when lining are properly installed.
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REF : API 651 2.2.2
ANS : (b)
46) Bottoms exceeding 100' diameter in tanks operating above 200oF shall have :-
(a) butt-welded annular bottom plates;

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(b) be made of a Group IV, V or VI material;
(c) have a modulus of elasticity of 30,000,000;
(d) all of the above.
REF : API 650 App M.4.1

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ANS : (a)
47) Hot water is defined as :-
(a) Work than can lead to fever;

(b) an operation that can produce a spark or flake hot enough to ignite flammable vapours;
(c) an atmosphere between the LEL and UEL;
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(d) both (a) and (c) above.
REF : API 2207, 1.1
ANS : (b)
48) Cathodic protection is achieved by directing the flow of current from :-
(a) A cathode to an anode; (b) An anode to a cathode;

(c) Both installations are unacceptable; (d) Neither (a) or (b).
REF : API 651 5.2.1
ANS : (b)
49) Concrete rings shall be inspected for :-
(a) broken concrete, spalling, cracks; (b) vegetation against tank;

(c) holidays in paint; (d) only (a) and (b).
REF : API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.1
ANS : (d).
50) Construction, inspection and repair records shall be maintained by the :-
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(a) Manufacturer; (b) Inspector;
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(c) Owner / Operator; (d) Jurisdiction.
REF : API 653, 13.2.1
ANS : (c)
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51) Describe how a liquid penetrant examination should be performed in order to detect
discontinuities, which are open to the surface :-
(a) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, remove excess penetrant, inspect
the part, clean the part;
(b) clean the part, apply the penetrant, remove excess penetrant, apply the developer, inspect
the part, clean the part;
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(c) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part, remove excess
penetrant, clean the part;
(d) clean the part, apply the developer, apply the penetrant, inspect the part, clean the part.
REF : ASME Section V-T620

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ANS : (b)
52) Tank with 17 mils of the original 25 mils corrosion allowance still remaining after 15 years ?
(a) 5 years; (b) 15 years; (c) 23.875 years; (d) 31.875 years.
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REF : API 653, 6.3.3.2 (c)
ANS : (b)
53) Determine the maximum allowable height for a 90 foot diameter tank based on a maximum
shell plate thickness of 0.5 inch and maximum allowable stress of 21,000 psi, with a joint
efficiency of 0.85, and no corrosion allowance :-
(a) 29.6; (b) 35.3; (c) 39.1; (d) 43.9
REF : API 650-Table A-4
ANS : (c)
54) Differential settlement leads to :-
(a) potential floating roof hang up; (b) lack of circularity at the top;
(c) oval shape at the top; (d) all of the above.
REF : API 653 Appendix B.2.2.3
ANS : (d)
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55) Distorted anchor bolts may indicate :-
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(a) overpressure uplift condition; (b) foundation settlement;
(c) both (a) and (b) above; (d) anchor bolts do not distort.
REF : API 653, 4.5.3
ANS : (c)
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56) During an inspection, you are required to calculate the retirement thickness for the bottom
course of a tank. The information available is as follows :-
Diameter = 150 feet
Height = 40 feet
Specific gravity of contents = 0.77
Joint efficiency = 0.7
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Material tensile strength is unknown
Material tensile strength is unknown;
Material maximum allowable stress is unknown.
(a) 0.050; (b) 0.7141; (c) 0.500; (d) 0.5625

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REF : API 653, 4.3.3.1
ANS : (c)
57) During hydrostatic test, no less than ______ settlement measurement points shall be surveyed :-
(a) 8; (b) 10; (c) 15; (d) 5.

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REF : API 653, 12.5.1.2
ANS : (a)
58) E7018 electrodes are classified as F number :-
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 4; (d) 5.
REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-432
ANS : (c)
59) Essential variable on a welding procedure specification :-
(a) those in which a change, as described in the specific variables, is considered to affect the
mechanical properties of the weldment;
(b) variable are listed in section IX of the ASME CODE;
(c) both (a) and (b) above.
(d) are the same for all procedures.
REF : ASME Section IX, QW 251.2
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ANS : (c)
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60) Examiners who perform ultrasonic examinations under API-650 shall be qualified and certified
by the manufacturers as meeting the requirements of certification as outlined in ?
(a) ASME; (b) ASNT-TC-1A; (c) API-650; (d) API-653.
REF : API 650, 6.3.3
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ANS : (b)
61) Except as modified in Section 6 of API-650, the radiographic method employed shall be in
accordance with which Section and article of the ASME code ?
(a) Section II, Article 2; (b) Section III, Article 1;

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(c) Section V, Article 2; (d) Section IX, Article 1.
REF : API 650, 6.1.3.1
ANS : (c)
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62) Exclusive of corrosion allowance, what is the minimum nominal thickness for all new
construction bottom plates?
(a) 1/2 inch; (b) 1/4 inch; (c) 3/16 inch; (d) 5/8 inch.
REF : API 650-3.4.1

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ANS : (b)
63) Existing shells shall be analyzed by experienced personnel for :-

(a) Fluid static head, internal and external pressure, wind loads, settlement and business
needs;
(b) Wind loads, settlement, fluid static head, internal and external pressure and nozzle loads;
(c) Internal and external pressure, wind loads, fluid static head, settlement and if it
convenient.
(d) Only (a) and (b) above.
REF : API 653, 4.3.1.2
ANS : (b)
64) External tank bottom inspection is permitted :-
(a) when required by the inspector;
(b) only when reassembly is being done.
(c) where construction, size or other aspects allow;
(d) is not permitted.
REF : API-653, Table 6-1; 6.5
ANS : (c)
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65) Find the capacity of a small tank, with a joint efficiency of 0.85, specific gravity = 1.0, no
corrosion allowance, diameter is 40 feet, height is 30 feet with 5 completed 72" courses.
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(a) 5,370; (b) 5,140; (c) 6,710; (d) 7,350.
REF : API 650 – Appendix A.2.2 Table A-1
ANS : (c)
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66) Flaws such as cracks in the weld in shell-to-bottom of a tank are :-
(a) not critical;
(b) acceptable if length is less than twice the width;
(c) to be removed and repaired;
(d) welded over without needing to be removed.
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REF : API-653, 4.3.6
ANS : (c)
67) Floating root anti-rotation devices shall be evaluated for :-

(a) needed repairs; (b) replacement;
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(c) ultrasonically for flaws; (d) only (a) and (b) above.
REF : API 653, 4.2.3.3
ANS : (d)
68) For a 30 inch shell manhole, 0.5 inches thick shell and reinforcing plate, what minimum neck
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thickness is required ?
(a) 3/16; (b) 3/8; (c) 1/2; (d) 5/16.
REF : API 650 – 3.7.5.1 (Table 3-5)
ANS : (d)
69) For an existing 150 foot diameter storage tank, which has been in service for 28 years, known
joint efficiency is 1.0, contents have been the same, with a specific gravity of 1.0, material
yield of plate is 30,000 and tensile strength is 55,000, liquid fill level is 50 feet, calculate the
minimum allowable thickness for the second course :-
(a) 0.6789; (b) 0.7962; (c) 0.8056; (d) 0.8156.
REF : API 653, 4.3.3.1 2.6 (150) (49)

23,430
ANS : (d)
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70) For butt-welded joints in which the thinner shell plate is 3/8 inch or less, how many spot
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radiographs shall be taken in the first 10 feet of completed vertical joint of each type and
thickness welded by each welder or welding operator ?
(a) One; (b) Two; (c) Three; (d) Four.
REF : API 650 – 6.1.2.2
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ANS : (a)
71) For dome roofs that are flanged, the radius of curvature is limited by the depth of the roof,
including the crown and knuckle depth. What is t he maximum roof depth for a shop
assembled cone roof 10 feet in diameter?
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(a) 2.0"; (b) 3.5"; (c) 5.5"; (d) 8.0
REF : API 650 – J.3.5.3 (Table J-1)
ANS : (c)
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72) For impact testing materials, what is the minimum transverse value of Group IV materials,
1.5" thick ?
(a) 13 foot – pounds; (b) 15 foot – ponds;

(c) 20 foot – pounds; (d) 25 foot – pounds;
REF : API-650 Table 2-4

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ANS : (c)
73) For impact testing materials, what is the minimum longitudinal value for a 1.8" thick A-516-70
as rolled material for a WPS ?
(a) 50 foot – pounds;

(b) (b) 15 foot – pounds;
(c) 42 foot – pounds;
(d) (d) 40 foot – pounds.
REF : API 650, 7.2.2.5 or Table 2-3
ANS : (c)
74) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints, how many radiographs shall be taken for each 50
feet of horizontal joint, not including those required at intersections of vertical and horizontal
joints ?
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 3; (d) 5.
REF : API 653 – 12.2.1.2
ANS : (a)
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75) For welds that attach nozzles, manholes, cleanout openings and permanent attachments,
undercut shall not exceed ______ inch.
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(a) 3/32; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/16; (d) 1/64.
REF : API 650, 6.5.1
ANS : (d)
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76) Foundations of relocated tanks specified as true to horizontal plane without ring walls shall be
true :-
(a) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/4" in the total circumference;

(b) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
(c) ± 1/8" in any 10' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
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(d) ± 1.4" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference.
REF : API 653, 10.5.6.2 b
ANS : (c)
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77) From what type of material should shims be fabricated when they are to be used to radiograph
welds ?
(a) Malleable materials capable of being drilled;
(b) From the same heat number as the material being inspected;
(c) Fabricated of radiographically similar material to the object to be inspected;
(d) All of the above.
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REF : ASME Section V, T277.3
ANS : (c)
78) Generally, tank bottom linings cover the entire tank bottom and extend ____ inches up the shell
of the tank :-
(a) 10 – 15 inches; (b) 12 - 18 inches;

(c) 18 – 24 inches; (d) 24 – 30 inches.
REF : API 652 4.4
ANS : (c)
79) Hot taps are not permitted :-
(a) on the roof of a tank or within the gas / vapour space of a tank;
(b) where heat of welding may cause environmental cracking;
(c) hot (a) and (b);
(d) (a) only.
REF : API 653 – 9.13
ANS : (c)
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80) Safe entry administrative controls include :-
(a) an emergency plan;
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(b) atmospheric testing;
(c) ventilation procedures;
REF : API 2015, 2.1
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ANS : (d)
81) How does the calculation of minimum thickness for a riveted tank shell differ from that of a
welded tank shell :-
(a) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same
as for a welded tank shell except that the maximum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs /
sq. inch and the efficiency equals 1 for the shell plate 6 inches away from rivets;
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(b) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is exactly the
same for a welded tank;
(c) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same
as for a welded tank shell except the minimum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs /s q.
inch and the efficiency equals 0.85 for the shell plate 6 inches away from the rivets.
(d) API does not set minimum thickness.
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REF : API-653, 4.3.4.1
ANS : (a)
82) How many equally spaced measurement are required for the thickness averaging technique ?
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(a) 2; (b) 5; (c) 4; (d) 3.
REF : API 653, 4.3.2.1
ANS : (b)
83) How many impact specimens must be broken for an average value for P1, Group 1, 2, 3 material?
(a) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 6.
REF : API-650, 2.2.8.3
ANS : (b)
84) How many inches must project beyond the outside edge of the weld attaching t he bottom sketch
plate to the shell plate ?
(a) atleast 1/2 inch; (b) atleast 2 inches;

(c) atleast 9/16 inch; (d) atleast 1.0 inch
REF : API 650 – 3.4.2
ANS : (d)
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85) How many settlement measurement points are required for a tank that measures 200 ft. in
diameter ?
35
(a) 30; (b) 8; (c) 21; (d) 10.
REF : API 653, APP. “B” B-2
ANS : (c)
25
86) How many specimens and impact tests must be performed from a single test coupon or test
location ?
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 3; (d) 4.
REF : API 650 2.2.8.3

83
ANS : (c)
87)How many specimens must be broken for an average value for P1, Group 1, 2, 3 material ?
(a) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 6.

10
REF : API 650, 2.2.8.3
ANS : (b)
88) Hydrochloric acid may be formed by :-

80
(a) Sodium and potassium; (b) Magnesium and calcium chlorides;

(c) Calcium chlorides and sodium; (d) Potassium and Magnesium.
REF : API Chapter II, 202.022
ANS : (b)
89) Hydrostatic tests shall be held for ____ hours :-
(a) 2; (b) 8; (c) 24; (d) 72.
REF : API 653, 12.3.1.1
ANS : (c)
90) If penetrameters are not placed adjacent to the welds, what rules apply ?
(a) The penetrameter should be placed on the source side of the material being radiographed.
(b) The penetrameter may be placed on the film side of the material being radiographed.
(c) Lead letter "F" at least as high as the identification number is placed adjacent to the film
side penetrameter;
REF : ASME Section V, T277
ANS : (d)
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91) In a radiographic film of a weld, how is film sensitivity or quality measured?
35
(a) by use of a penetrameter;
(b) by film density;
(c) comparing to known defects;
REF : ASME Section V, T282, T283
25
ANS : (a)
92) In a riveted tank shell, a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency ?
(a) 0.75; (b) 0.85; (c) 0.90; (d) 0.91.

83
REF : API 653, Table 4-1
ANS : (b)
93) In accordance with ASME Section V, intensifying screens :-

(a) Can always be used;
10
(b) Can be used unless restricted by the referencing Code;

(c) Can never be used;
(d) Can be used only with Type 1 film.
REF : ASME Section V T-232
ANS : (b)
80
94) In general, if shell thickness does not exceed ____ inch, it does not require further assessment for
brittle fracture :-
(a) 0.25; (b) 0.75; (c) 1.00; (d) 0.50
REF : 653, Notes for FIG. 5-1
ANS : (d)
95) In tank floors, the maximum depth of bulge or edge settlement is dependent upon :-
(a) Floor thickness; (b) The radius of an inscribed circle in the area;
(c) tank diameter; (d) Tank height.
REF : API 653 APP. “B”
ANS : (b)
96) Information needed when determining the rate of corrosion :-
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(a) Original thickness or last inspection thickness;
(b) Current thickness;
35
(c) Length of time in service;
REF : API 653,
ANS : (d)
25
97) Inspection history as required in the tank records is :-
(a) all measurements taken, condition of all parts inspected and a record of all tests and
examinations;
(b) personnel certification;
(c) training records;
(d) the as built record from the erector.
83
REF : API 653, 6.8.3
ANS : (a)
98) _____ inspection may be substituted for a program of external UR thickness measurements:-
10
(a) Hydrostatic;
(b) External;
(c) Acoustic;
(d) Internal.
REF : API 653, 6.3.3.3

80
ANS : (d)
99) Inspection of emergency P/V hatches includes :-
(a) Servicing;
(b) (b) Removing oil from seals;
(c) Action to prevent chattering;
(d) (d) Only (a) and (c) above.
REF : API 653, appendix C.2.7.4
ANS : (d)
100) Inspection of insulation :-
(a) is not required;
(b) is done in routine in-service inspections;
(c) requires material traceability records;
(d) only (b) and (c) above.
REF : API 653, 6.3.1.3
ANS : (b)
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101) Insulated tanks shall have their insulation removed :-
(a) completely prior to inspection;
35
(b) yearly;
(c) from welded joints only;
(d) to extent necessary to determine the external condition.
REF : API 653, 6.3.2.2
25
ANS : (d)
102) Interference current problems in cathodic protection are can be approached by :-
(a) drainage of collected current to sacrificial anodes;

(b) design to mimnimise exposure;
(c) provide metallic return of collected current to a foreign structured;
83
REF : API 651, 8.4.1
ANS : (d)
10
103) Internal inspection intervals are determined by corrosion rates. Normally, the corrosion rates
govern :-
(a) roof;
(b) upper shell;
(c) bottom;
(d) lower shell.
80
REF : API 653 6.4.2.1
ANS : (c)
104) Internal inspection intervals normally :-
(a) are controlled by bottom corrosion rates;

(b) shall not exceed 20 years;
(c) owner / user is free to set any convenient material;
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
REF : API 653 6.4.2.1
ANS : (d)
105) Internal inspection is primarily to :-
(a) all of the below;
(b) Ensure that the bottom is not corroded and leaking;
(c) Gather data for assessment;
(d) Identify and evaluate bottom settlement.
REF : API – 653, 6.4.1
ANS : (a)
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106) Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the corrosion rate. Normally,
bottom corrosion rates control the inspection interval. However, in no case shall the interval
35
inspection interval exceed ____ years :-
(a) 10; (b) 15; (c) 20; (d) 25.
REF : API 653 – 6.4.2.1
25
ANS : (c)
107) Letters and numerals on nameplates shall not be less than inch high.
(a) 5/32; (b) 5/16; (c) 3/16; (d) 1/8.
REF : API 650 8.1.1

83
ANS : (a)
108) Liquid penetrant examiners shall be qualified in accordance with ____ :-

(a) ASME Section VIII, div. 1 Appendix 8.
(b) API 650;
10
(c) ASNT proc. SNT-TC-1A

(d) ASME SECTION V, Art 6.
REF : API 650, 6.4.3
ANS : (b)
80
109) Magnetic particle examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure that
is in compliance with the requirements of :-
(a) ASME Section V, Art. 7; (b) ASME Sectin IX, Art. 2;

(c) SNT-TC-1A; (d) Appendix C, API 653.
REF : API 650, 6.2.1
ANS : (a)
110) Measurement of film thickness of tank bottom linings are taken :-
(a) only when the film has completely dried;
(b) both before and after the film has dried;
(c) in accordance with ASNT;
(d) only if there is reason to believe it is thin.
REF : API-652, 7.3.2.2
ANS : (b).
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111) Minimum spacing between toes of welds for a radius (R) on a penetration and other welds of
1.25" plate must be :-
35
(a) 6"; (b) 7.5"; (c) 3"; (d) 1.25"
REF : API 653 Figure 9-1
ANS : (b)
25
112) Minimum thickness calculation for shells of tanks 200 ft. or less in diameter shall be done
using ____ :-
(a) the variable design point method fo API 650;

(b) ASME section VII, div. 1;
(c) the formula given in API 653;
83
(d) either (a) or (c) may be used.
REF : API 653, 4.3.3.2
ANS : (d)
10
113) Acceptance criteria for NDT of reconstructed tanks are to be in accordance with :-
(a) ASME Section VIII; (b) ASME Section V;
(c) API 653; (d) API 650.
REF : API 650, 6.1.5, 6.2.4, 6.3.4
ANS : (d)
80
114) Of the following welding processes, which one is not permitted for welding on above ground
storage tanks :-
(a) SMAW; (b) GMAW; (c) OFW; (d) SAW.
REF : API 650, 5.2.1.1
ANS : (c)
115) On plates more than 3/16 inch thick, the fillet weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the
thickness of the thinner plat at the joint and shall be atleast :-
REF : API 650 – 3.1.3.3
ANS : (c)
116) On the drawing that the manufacturer shall furnish the purchase, you would expect to see which
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of the following information :-
(a) The required shell thickness for both the design condition (including corrosino
35
allowance) and the hydrostatic test condition;
(b) The nominal thickness used;
(c) The material specification and allowable stresses;
(d) All the above.
REF : API 650, 3.6.1.8
25
ANS : (d)
117) Opening in tank shells larger than required to accommodate a _____ inch standard-weight
coupling shall be reinforced :-
(a) 1.0 inch; (b) 1.5 inch; (c) 2.0 inch; (d) 2.5 inch.
83
REF : API 650 – 3.7.2.1
ANS : (c)
118) Pan-type, pontoon-type and double-deck-type are examples of :-

10
(a) internal roofs;

(b) external roofs;
(c) both internal and external roofs;
(d) roofs on tanks < 200' in dia.
REF : API 650 appendixes C & H

80
ANS : (c)
119) Per API 650, calculation of shell thickness by the 1-foot method cannot be used for tanks :-
(a) under 200 ft. in diameter; (b) over 200 ft. in diameter;
(c) under 150 ft. in diameter. (d) of any size.
REF : 650 3.6.3.1
ANS : (b)
120) Pinhole leaks or porosity in tank bottom joints may be repaired by :-
(a) grinding and out area; (b) penning over affected area;
(c) applying additional weld bead over area; (d) mechanical caulking.
REF : API 650 – 5.4.2
ANS : (c)
121) Piping connections such as nozzles shall be inspected for :-
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(a) structural adequacy; (b) thickness of component;
35
(c) reinforcement; (d) all of the above.
REF : API 653, 4.3.9
ANS : (d)
25
122) Plate material thicker than ____ inches shall be normalised or quench tempered, killed, made to
fine grain practice and impact tested :-
(a) 2.00; (b) 1.75; (c) 1.50; (d) 1.00
REF : API 650, 2.2.1.4

83
ANS : (c)
123) Plates found to be thinner than those in the course above it are :-
(a) not allowed;
(b) permitted;
(c) permitted provided they were so designed;
10
(d) need to be calculated for suitability for service.
REF : API 650, 3.6.1.5
ANS : (a)
124) Procedure qualification for welding on a tank of unknown or obsolete material shall be done
80
using test coupons of :-
a) any P-1 material;

b) any similar type material;
c) material from the same P number grouping;
d) actual material from the tank.
REF : API 653, 11.1.2
ANS : (d)
125) Procedure requirements for ultrasonic examination of welds :-
(a) shall be performed to a written procedure; (b) approved by ASNT;
(c) proven to the satisfaction of the inspector; (d) both (a) and (c) above.
REF : ASME Section V, T150 c
ANS : (d)
126) Pure hydrocarbon fluids :-

(a) usually cause corrosion;
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(b) require special corrosion control;
(b) both (a) and (b);
35
(c) (d) are usually not corrosive.
REF : API-651, 1.1.3
ANS : (d)
25
127) Radiographic acceptance standards are found in :-
(a) ASME Section VIII, div. 1, para UW-51;
(b) ASME Section V, Article 2;
(c) API 650, Section 3;
(d) API 653, Appendix D.
REF : API 650 6.1.5

83
ANS : (a)
128) Reinforcement pads shall be tested by applying pressure between the tank shell and
reinforcement plate using the telltale hole. How much pressure is used to perform this
inspection:-
10
(a) 15 psig hydrostatic pressure; (b) 15 psig pneumatic pressure;

(c) 5 psig hydrostatic pressure; (d) 5 psig pneumatic pressure.
REF : API 650 – 5.3.5
ANS : (b)
80
129) Repairs of cracks in the shell-to-bottom :-
(a) are only necessary if they exceed 0.25" in length;

(b) are performed on an individual basis, according to extent of damage;
(c) may be welded over and left as is without reinspection;
(d) both (b) and (c) above.
REF : API-653, 4.3.6
ANS : (b)
130) Resistivity of surrounding soil may be used to determine the probability of corrosion on tank
bottoms. Which of the following resistivity ranges is considered to be very corosive :-
(a) < 500; (b) 500 – 1000; (c) 1000 – 2000; (d) < 10,000
REF : API 651 – 3.3.1.3 (Table – 1)
ANS : (a)
131) Rewelding vertical joints requires cutting horizontal welds back from the joint a minimum of
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____ inches :-
35
(a) 1/2; (b) 1; (c) 2; (d) 12.
REF : API 653 Figure 9-1
ANS : (d)
25
132) Flame arresters are to be inspected :-
(a) semi-annually;
(b) annually;
(c) at intervals determined by experience locally;
(d) every 5 years.
83
REF : API Chapter XIII 13.4.2.11
ANS : (c)
133) Routine visual inspection by Owner / Operator personnel shall be done at least :-
10
(a) annually; (b) bi-monthly; (c) monthly; (d) semi-annually.
REF : API 653, 6.3.1.2
ANS : (c)
134) With a vertical sweep board 36 inches long, banding on reconstructed tanks shall not exceed
80
____ inch(s) :-
(a) 1/2";
(b) 3/4";
(c) 1";
(d) 1 ½".
REF : API-653, 10.5.5
ANS : (c)
135) Scheduled external inspections shall be performed at least :-
(a) the lesser of every 5 years of 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(b) the lesser of every 5 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(c) the lesser of every 10 years or 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(d) the lesser of every 10 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life.
REF : API 653, 6.3.2.1
ANS : (c)
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136) Seal material shall be placed :-
35
(a) between the outer periphery of the roof and the tank shell;
(b) around columns, ladders and gauge pipes that penetrate the deck;
(c) the seal shall be flexible;
25
REF : API 650 Appendix H.3.5
ANS : (d)
137) Shell penetrations experiencing corrosion must be assessed and :-
(a) tank rerated;

83
(b) repair procedures established;
(c) tank removed from service;
REF : API 653, 4.3.9

10
ANS : (d)
138) Small punctures in floating roof systems :-
(a) may be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;

(b) shall be repaired;
(c) shall be replaced;
80
(d) either (b) or (c) above.
REF : API-653, 4.2.3.1
ANS : (d)
139) Tack welds shall be made using a procedure qualified in accordance with ASME Section IX :-
(a) Fillet weld; (b) Groove or fillet weld;

(c) Special; (d) Butt weld.
REF : API 650, 5.2.1.8
ANS : (b)
140) Tank grounding shunts shall be inspected :-
(a) visually; (b) infrared camera;

(c) by a certified electrician; (d) need no inspection.
REF : API 653, 6.3.2.4
ANS : (a)
141) Tanks reconstructed in accordance to API-653 shall be identified with a corrosion-resistant
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metal nameplate with letters not less than ____" high :-
35
(a) 5/32; (b) 7/32; (c) 9/32; (d) 3/32.
REF :- API 653, 13.1.1
ANS : (a)
25
142) Tests for leaks in reinforcing plate welds require ____ psig :-
(a) upto 2.5; (b) upto 15; (c) upto 21; (d) upto 30.
REF : API 653/12.4 & 650 5.3.5
ANS : (b)
83
143) The "critical zone" for tank bottom repairs is the area within the annular plate ring, within
inches of the shell or within inches of the inside edge of the annular plate ring:-
(a) 12, 6; (b) 6, 12; (c) 12, 12; (d) 6, 6

10
REF : API 653, 9.9.11
ANS : (c)
144) The "L" in actual thickness determination for each shell course :
80
(a) may be greater than 40";

(b) is valid only when corroded area is less than 40";
(c) applies even if corroded area is greater than L;
(d) requires converting "D" from feet to inches.
REF : API 653, 4.3.2.1 See Note
ANS : (c)
145) The 6 G position for welding is a :-
(a) Qualification position;

(b) Production welding position;
(c) Rod position;
(d) Rank position.
REF : ASME Sec IX QW-120
ANS : (a)
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146) The API 653 standard covers the maintenance inspection, repairs, alteration, relocation and
35
reconstruction of tanks constructed to which one of the following standards :-
(a) ASME; (b) API 651; (c) API 65; (d) API 650.
REF : API 653, 3.1.1
25
ANS : (d)
147) The assessment period for inspection of tank bottom integrity is :-
(a) is always 5 years;

(b) is fixed by corrosion rate;
(c) less than or equal to the appropriate internal inspection interval given in API-653
83
6.4.2
(d) determined by the designer.
REF : API-653, 4.4.1
ANS : (c)
10
148) The complete or partial removal and replacement of more than 12 inches of a vertical weld
joining shell plates is considered a :-
(a) minor alteration; (b) minor repair;

(c) major alteration; (d) major repair.
80
REF : API 653, 12.3.1.2 (c)
ANS : (d)
149) The definition of a confined space is :-
a) large enough to enter;

b) restricted means of entry;
c) not designed for continuous occupancy;
d) all of the above are required.
REF : API 2015 1.4
ANS : (d)
150) The determining factor for intervals between internal and external inspections :-
(a) Change of service to a higher specific gravity;

(b) Tank service history provided earlier inspection is not required by special
reasons;
(c) Corrosion activity either known or suspected.
(d) Governmental regulations
REF : API 653, 6.4.2.1
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ANS : (b)
35
151) The difference between peaking and banding is :-
(a) peaking pertains to the roof;

(b) banding is external to the tank;
(c) peaking pertains to vertical weld seams, banding pertains to horizontal weld
25
seams;
(d) peaking pertains to horizontal weld seams, banding pertains to vertical weld
seams.
REF : General Knowledge
ANS : (c)
83
152) The first checks for tanks out-of-service are :-
(a) (b) and (d) below;

(b) cleaned, gas freed and safe for entry;
(c) hammer test the roof;
10
(d) complete isolation.
REF : API 653 Table C-2.1 a & b
ANS : (a)
153) The flammable range is when a vapour exists :-

80
(a) above the ambient temperature;

(b) between the lower flammable limit and the upper flammable limit;
(c) between the extremes of the lower flammable limit;
(d) between the extremes of the upper flammable limit;
REF : API 20151.3.10
ANS : (b)
154) The formula for maximum bulge or depression of a tank bottom is :-
(a) B = 0.37 R, gives an Answer in feet;

(b) B = 0.37 R gives an Answer in inches;
(c) B + 0.37" is the minimum;
(d) B = 0.37 + R
REF : API 653, B.3.3
ANS : (d)
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155) The general shape of gas cavities on a radiograph :
35
(a) appear darker in contrast with areas of defect-free material;
(b) are generally round in shape;
(c) are acceptable;
(d) both a and b.
25
ANS : (d)
156) The Heat Affected Zone is :-
(a) that portion of the base metal which has not been melted;
83
(b) whose mechanical properties or micro structures have been altered by the heat of
welding;
(c) is least likely to contain discontinuities;
REF : ASME Section IX, QW-492

10
ANS : (d)
157) The inspection interval for a tank is determined by :-
(a) size; (b) service history; (b) the manufacturer; (d) type of tank.
80
REF : API 653, 6.2.2
ANS : (b)
158) The lower flammable limit (LFL) is the concentration of a glammable vapour in air that will
ignite :-
(a) approximate; (b) maximum; (c) average; (d) minimum.
REF : 2015 1.3.1
ANS : (d)
159) The maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in repaired or altered horizontal welds
is :-
(a) 1/64"; (b) 1/32"; (c) 1/16"; (d) 1/8"
REF : API-653, 10.4.2.5
ANS : (b)
160) The maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in vertical welds is :-
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(a) 1/64"; (b) 1/32"; (c) 1/16"; (d) 1/8,
35
REF : API-653, 10.4.2.5
ANS : (a)
161) The maximum interval between internal inspections shall not exceed ____ years :-
25
(a) 10; (b) 20; (c) 5; (d) 15.
REF : API 653, 6.4.2.1
ANS : (b)
83
162) The maximum spacing between settlement measurement points shall be :-
(a) 30 ft.; (b) 20 ft.; (c) 40 ft.; (d) 25 ft.

10
ANS : (a)
163) The minimum dimension for replacement shell plate is 12 times t or ____ inches :-
(a) 8; (b) 18; (c) 6; (d) 12.
REF : API 653, 9.2.2.1

80
ANS : (d)
164) The minimum interval for external inspection by a qualified inspector is ____ years or at the
quarter corrosion-rate life of the shell, whichever is less :-
(a) Twenty; (b) Five; (c) Ten; (d) Fifteen.
REF : API-653, 6.3.2.1, 6.4.2.1
ANS : (b)
165) The minimum size of a fillet weld is which of the following :-
(a) On plate 3/16 inch tick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 3/16 inch
thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at the
joint and shall be atleast 3/16 inch.
(b) On plate 5/16 inch thick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 5/16
inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at
hte joint and shall be atleast 3/16 inch.
(c) On plate 3/16 inch thick, the weld shall be a full-fillet weld, and on plates more than 5/16 inch
thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the thinner plate at the
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joint and shall be atleast 5/16 inch.
(d) On plate 1/4 inch thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than 1/3 the thickness of the
35
thinner plate at the joint and shall be atleast 1/4 inch.
REF : API-650 3.1.3.3
ANS : (a)
25
166) The minimum thickness of an annular plate ring is usually greater than :-
(a) 0.10; (b) 0.25; (c) 0.0625; (d) 0.1875.
REF : API 653 4.4.8.1
ANS : (a)
83
167) The permissible exposure limit (PEL) is the maximum ____ time-weighed average of any
airborne contaminant to which an employee may be exposed :-
(a) 8 hour; (b) 24 hour; (c) 4 hour; (d) 1 hour.

10
REF : 2015 1.3.8
ANS : (a)
168) The proper method for dismantling tank bottoms that are to be reused shall be cut by:-
(a) deseaming of lapwelds;

80
(b) cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 2 inches from existing welds;
(c) cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 3 inches from existing welds;
(d) Both (a) and (b) are acceptable.
REF : API 653-10.3.2.1
ANS : (d)
169) The purchaser has not specified the use of 1-foot method for calculating thickness and L/H ≤
2, therefore, what is the shell plate thickness for the first course for the following tank
design?
Height = 40 feet Diameter = 260 feet

Stress @ test condition = 30,000 psi
Specific gravity = 1.0 Course Length = 8 feet
Corrosion Allowance = 0 Joint Efficiency = .0
(a) 1.209"; (b) 1.171"; (c) 0.856"; (d) 1.038"
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REF : 650 3.6.4.3 Table K-2
35
ANS : (c)
170) The purpose of electrical grounding of A/C power connections is :-
(a) protect against lightening; (b) corrosion control for tank bottoms;
25
(c) personal safety; (d) corrosion control for tank shells;
REF : API 651, 1.1.1
ANS : (c)
83
171) The root opening for square grooves for butt-welded bottom plate shall not be less than :-
REF : API 650 – 3.1.5.5

10
ANS : (b)
172) The sequence of welding of the shell-to-bottom :-
(a) is the welder's option;

(b) is not addressed;
(c) is completed after the bottom joints are fully welded;
80
(d) must be completed before the welding of bottom joints.
REF : API-653, 10.4.3.2
ANS : (d)
173) The shell plate formula tmin =

(a) only (b) and (c) below; (b) is only valid if tmin is not les than 0.1";
(c) applies only to tanks less than 200' in dia; (d) does not apply to riveted construction.
REF : API 653 4.3.3.1
ANS : (c)
174) The tank shall be cleaned and ____ prior to commencement of dismantling :-
(a) gas-freed; (b) inspected; (c) surveyed; (d) cleaned;
REF : API-653, - 10.2
ANS : (a)
175) The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking the tank design after
reconstruction shall be based on measurements taken within ____ days prior to relocation :-
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(a) 45; (b) 90; (c) 180; (d) 360.
35
REF : API-653, 8.4.1
ANS : (c)
176) The types of tanks covered by API 653 are :-
25
(a) non-refrigerated;
(b) vertical, cylindrical, above ground closed and open top;
(c) built to API 650 and 12 C;
REF : API 650-1.1.1 and 653-3.1.1

83
ANS : (d)
177) The upper flammable limit (UFL) is the concentration of a flammable vapour in air that will
ignite :-
(a) approximate; (b) maximum; (c) average; (d) minimum.

10
REF : 2015 1.3.2
ANS : (b)
178) The variable design point method shall be used for tanks greater than ____ in diameter :-
80
(a) 50'; (b) 200'; (c) 150'; (d) 200'.
REF : API-653, 2.3.3.3

ANS : (d)
179) Thick-film internal linings :-

(a) are frequently used as an alternative to replacing the steel bottom;
(b) are prohibited from use as an alternative to replacing the steel bottom;
(c) removes the need for external cathodic protection;
(d) removes the need for external anodic protection.
`REF : API 651 3.4.4
ANS : (a)
180) Thickness readings taken on a tank shell after 5 years of service show a minimum thickness
of 0.420 inches. The data sheet shows the original thickness as 0.5 inches. What is the
corrosion rate for the tank :-
(a) 0.008; (b) 0.0016; (c) 0.016; (d) 0
REF : API-653 6.3.3.22
ANS : (c)
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181) Three different methods of conducting "Visual Examinations" (VT) :-
35
(a) Direct, indirect and previously recorded;
(b) Translucent, direct and previously recorded;
(c) Translucent, direct and indirect or (remote visual examination)
REF : ASME Sec. V, T940, T941, T942, T943
25
ANS : (c)
182) Three types of external inspections are :-
(a) scheduled, routine and liquid penetrant;

(b) scheduled, routine and UT thickness;
83
(c) scheduled out of service, routine and UT thickness;
(d) unscheduled, routine and liquid penetrant.
REF : API 653-6.3.1, 6.3.2 & 6.3.3
ANS : (b)
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183) To be an alteration a nozzle must be :-
(a) 12" or greater NPS nozzles; (b) greater than 12" NPS nozzles;
(c) greater than 2" NPS nozzles; (d) greater than 10" NPS nozzles.
REF : API 653, 3.5.1 (a)

80
ANS : (b)
184) To be certified under the program which of the following educational and experience
requirements must be met :-
(a) A degree in engineering plus 6 months of experience in inspection of tanks,

pressure vessels, or piping;
(b) A two-year certificate in engineering or technical college and two years of
experience in construction, repair, operation, or inspection of tanks, pressure
vessels or piping;
(c) The equivalent of a high school education and three years of experience in
construction, repair, operation or inspection of which one year must be in
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inspection of tanks, pressure vessels or piping;
(d) Four years of experience in the inspection of above ground storage tanks in
35
petroleum / chemical industries.
REF : API 653, 6.10
ANS : (c)
25
185) To evaluate tank settlement, elevation measurements are performed and compared with
measurements marked just after construction. Where are these measurements made ?
(a) Tank circumference, tank height; (b) Tank diameter, tank height;
(c) Tank height, tank base; (d) Tank circumference, tank diameter.
REF : API-653, Appendix B.2.

83
ANS : (d)
186) To qualify a GMAW, short circuit transfer, welding procedure :-
(a) Radiography may be used;

10
(b) Tension tests and transverse bend test are required;

(c) May be omitted if another manufacturer has a qualified WPS;
(d) Require bend tests only.
ANS : (b)
80
187) Top decks of external floating roofs (double deck or pontoon type) which are designed with
are designed with a permanent slope for drainage shall have a minimum slope of ____ inch in
12 inches :-
(a) 3/16; (b) 1/2; (c) 1/4; (d) 3/8.
REF : API-650 APP-C C.3.3.4
ANS : (a)
188) Under-run on plate not more than inch from the computed design thickness or minimum
permitted thickness is acceptable :-
(a) 0.01; (b) 0.02; (c) 0.03; (d) 0.04.
REF : API 650, 2.2.1.2.3
ANS : (a)
189) Unless otherwise agreed to by the purchaser, what is the minimum nominal width of a shell
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plate ?
35
(a) 36 inches; (b) 48 inches; (c) 72 inches; (d) 96 inches.
REF : 650 3.6.1.2
ANS : (c)
25
190) UT examination methods shall be in acordance with :-
(a) ASME Code Section V, Article 5;

(b) ASME Code Section II, Article 5;
(c) API 653;
(d) ASME Code Section IX, Article 2.
83
REF : API 650 6.3.1
ANS : (a)
191) Vertical welds must be fully radiographed if the shell thickness exceeds inches :-
10
(a) 3/4; (b) 1; (c) 1 1/4; (d) 1 1/2.
REF : API-650 6.1.2.2 (C)
ANS : (b)
80
192) Visual examination shall be done in accordance with :-
(a) ASME Section V, Article 9;

(b) API 650;
(c) AWS Guidelines;
(d) ASME B-31.1, Chapter VI.
REF : API 650 5.2.1.8 & 6.5
ANS : (b)
193) Welded joints that have experienced metal loss due to corrosion :-
(a) must be X-Rayed prior to further use;

(b) may be repaired by welding;
(c) may be repaired by grinding;
REF : API 653, 9.5.3
ANS : (b)
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194) Welder identification is not required for :-
35
(a) lap welds; (b) corner joints;
(c) fillet welds around opening; (d) roof plate welds.
REF : API 650 7.4
ANS : (d)
25
195) Welder or welding operator's identification marks shall be located adjacent to completed
welds at intervals not exceeding :-
(a) 9 feet;
(b) 6 feet;
(c) 3 feet;
83
(d) As identified on the approved welding procedure specification.
REF : API 653 – 11.2.1
ANS : (c)
10
196) Welders qualifications shall expire as they do not weld :-
(a) within a given process for a 6 month period;

(b) using a given procedure for a 6 month period;
(c) on a tank for 6 months;
(d) for a 3 month period.
80
ANS : (a)
197) Welding filler metals are grouped into groupings based on their AWS classification:-
(a) P-numbers; (b) F-numbers;

(c) Z-numbers; (d) ASTM spec.
ANS : (b)
198) Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS), and welders and welding operators must be
qualified in accordance with ____ :-
(a) API-653; (b) API-650;

(c) Section V of the ASME; (d) Section IX of the ASME
REF : API-653, 11.1.1
ANS : (d)
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199) Welding procedures are qualified in accordance with ____
35
(a) ASME Section IX, Art. 3; (b) ASME Section V, Art. 2;
(c) ASME Section IX, Art. 2; (d) AWS D-1.1
REF : ASME IX Article 2
ANS : (c)
25
200) Why are penetrameters used for? :-
(a) A penetrameter is used for evaluating radiographic technique in that it serves as

an image quality indicator;
(b) It indicates the magnetic properties of the materials;
(c) Is the same as penetration in Ultrasonic Inspection;
83
REF : ASME SECTION V, T233, T262
ANS : (a)
10
201) What are the two general approaches for determining minimum thicknesses of tank bottom
plate and briefly describe their differences :-
(a) Deterministic and Probabilistic;

(b) Probabilistic and Actualistic;
(c) Actualistic and Deterministic;
(d) Variable design and Actual thickness determination.
80
REF : API-653, 4.4.7
ANS : (a)
202) What are the two methods of guided-bend tests permitted by ASME Section IX ?
(a) Bottom ejection method and Wrap around method;
(b) Top ejection method and Bottom ejection method;
(c) Side ejection method and Wrap around method;
(d) All to the above.
REF : ASME Section IX, QW-162
ANS : (a)
203) What diameter bolt circle is required and how many bolts for a 24 inch roof manhole?
(a) 26.0 inch diameter bolt circle and 18 bolts;

(b) 25.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 20 bolts;
(c) 27.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 16 bolts;
(d) 27.5 inch diameter bolt circle and 20 bolts.
REF : API 650 – 3.8.4
ANS : (d)
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204) What F number is E70T1 electrodes classified as :-
35
(a) 1; (b) 2; (c) 4; (d) 6.
REF : ASME Sec IX,QW-432
ANS : (d)
25
205) What is calcination :-
(a) An accumulation of a mineral coating on the lining of the tank;

(b) Increase of water of hydration;
(c) Loss of water of hydration;
(d) Form of tank deterioration.
83
REF : API-653, 4.5.1.2
ANS : (c)
206) What is meant by "non destructive examination" of a welded joint ?

10
(a) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose surface and sub-surface
discontinuities without physical harm to the welded joint;
(b) An examination of a bolted joint;
(c) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose surface and sub-surface
discontinuities that may cause physical harm to the welded joint.
(d) An examination of a welded joint that will disclose only surface discontinuities
without physical harm to the welded joint.
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REF : ASME Section V, T110
ANS : (a)
207) What is MRT2 as used by the deterministic method ?

(a) Minimum remaining thickness due to maximum internal pitting and average
external pitting;
(b) Maximum remaining thickness that can be used for calculations;
(c) Maximum reported thickness minus all corrosion;
(d) Min remaining thickness due to average internal pitting and max external pitting.
REF : API 653, 4.4.7.1

ANS : (a)
208) What is the 42 gallon barrel capacity of a tank 110 feet in diameter, 24 feet high, joint
efficiency is 0.85, specific gravity = 1.0, corrosion allowance = 0.
(a) 34,303; (b) 38,909; (c) 39,910; (d) 40,656.
REF : API 650 – Appendix A Table A-1 C = 0.14D2H
ANS : (d)
209) What is the allowable stress at root of anchor bolt threads for a tank with a design pressure up
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to 2.5 psig ? Uplift is based on tank design pressure and wind.
35
(a) 15,000; (b) 20,000; (c) 25,000; (d) 30,000.
REF : API 650 – F.7, Table F-1
ANS : (b)
25
210) What is the capacity of a tank 110 feet in diameter, 24 feet high, joint efficiency is 0.85,
specific gravity is 1.0, corrosion allowance = 0 ?
(a) 34,303; (b) 38,909; (c) 39,910; (d) 40,656.
REF : API 650 Table A-1

83
ANS : (d)
211) What is the distance from the centre pipe to shell for a 3 inch nominal pipe size, 36 diameter
drawoff sump, which is 18 inched deep ?
(a) 2.1875'; (b) 3.2343'; (c) 5.0000'; (d) 5.3780'
10
REF : API 650 - 3.8.6
ANS : (c)
212) What is the distance in inches, that both a roof plate or a shell bottom must be cut from the
weld when dismantling a shell tank :-
80
(a) One; (b) Two; (c) Four; (d) Six.
REF : API-653, 10.3.2; API-653, 10.3.4.1
ANS : (b)
213) What is the expected service life for a properly applied tank bottom lining ?
(a) 5 – 10 years; (b) 10 – 15 years;

(c) 10 – 20 years; (d) 20 – 30 years.
REF : API 652 3.6 and 8.1
ANS : (c)
214) What is the flammable range for Methane ?
(a) 1 – 5; (b) 2 – 8; (c) 2 – 9; (d) 5 – 15.
REF : 2015 – 3.2 (Table – 1)
ANS : (d)
215) What is the maximum acceptable undercutting of new constructed base metal for vertical butt
joints?
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35
REF : API 650 - 5.2.1.4
ANS : (d)
216) What is the maximum acceptable undercutting of new construction base metal for horizontal
25
joints ?
REF : API 650 – 5.2.1.4
ANS : (c)
83
217) What is the maximum depth of a depreciation, oval in shape, which measures 18 feet long by
11 feet wide?
(a) 6.6"; (b) 24.42"; (c) 4.07"; (d) 2.035".

10
REF : API 653 APP. “B” B-5
ANS : (d)
218) What is the maximum depth of edge settlement if the distance from the inside of the shell to
the bend point of the depression is 7 feet ?
80
(a) 2.59"; (b) 1.295"; (c) 5.18"; (d) 31.08".
ANS : (a)
219) What is the maximum interval between external UT thickness measurements for a tank,
given the following information ? Remaining CA = 0.064", Corrosion rate is 0.008" per year.
(a) 5 yrs; (b) 4 yrs; (c) 8 yrs; (d) 3 – 1/2 yrs.
REF : API 653, 6.3.3.2
ANS : (b)
220) What is the maximum out-of-plumbness of a new tank from the top of shell relative to the
bottom of the shell ?
(a) 1/100 of the total tank height; (b) 1/50 of the total tank height;
(c) 1/60 of the total tank height; (d) 1/200 of the total tank height.
REF : API 650 – 5.5.2
ANS : (d)
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221) What is the maximum reinforcement allowed on a 1/2" thick vertical butt weld made on a
reconstructed tank ?
35
(a) 3/16; (b) 3/32; (c) 1/8; (d) 1/4.
REF : API-653, 10.4.2.6
ANS : (b)
25
222) What is the maximum spacing between settlement measurement points?
(a) 20 feet; (b) 30 feet; (c) 35 feet; (d) 50 feet.
REF : API 653 – 12.5.1.2

83
ANS : (b)
223) What is the maximum thickness of weld reinforcement for a 0.5625 inch plate ?
(a) 1/16; (b) 3/32; (c) 1/8; (d) 3/16.

10
REF : API 650 – 6.1.3.4
ANS : (b)
224) What is the minimum acceptable shell plate thickness for a tank shell made of A 283 grade C
material, 70 feet in diameter and 50 feet high ? Specific gravity of contents is 0.8. Original
joint efficiency was 100 %.
80
(a) 0.356; (b) 0.339; (c) 0.480; (d) 0.304.
REF : API-653, 4.3.3.1
ANS : (d)
225) What is the minimum allowable density through the image of the penetrameter for
radiographs made with a 2000 kv tube ?
(a) 1.8 – 4.0; (b) 1.3 – 2.8; (c) 2.0 – 4.0; (d) 1.3 – 1.8;
REF : ASME Sec. V, T-282.1 ANS (a)

REF : ASME Sec. V, T-282.1
ANS : (b) 2.0 – 4.0 (for any gamma source – anything besides a tube)
226) Windgirders are evaluated for :-
(a) Corrosion of structural elements; (b) attachment welds;
(c) the same evaluation as for shell stiffeners; (d) all of the above.
REF : API 653, 4.3.7
ANS : (d)
227) What is the minimum nominal shell thickness required when the normal tank diameter is less
than 50 feet?
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(a) 3/16; (b) 1/4; (c) 5/16; (d) 3/8.
35
REF : API-650 3.6.1.1
ANS : (a)
228) What is the minimum nominal thickness for bottom plates, exclusive of any corrosion
25
allowance?
REF : API 650, 3.4.1
ANS : (b)
83
229) What is the minimum number of settlement measurement points ?
(a) 4; (b) 6; (b) 8; (d) 10.
REF : API 653 – 12.5.1.2

10
ANS : (c)
230) What is the minimum permissible design metal temperature for a 280 foot diameter tank, 75
feet high, tank radius is 1,680 inches, plate material ordered is 1.125" (including corrosion
allowance) A 516 – 555 as rolled, killed fine-grain practice without impact testing :-
80
(a) + 8; (b) 0;
(c) – 4; (d) All Material must be impact tested.
REF :API 650 - 2.2.9.2 (Fig. 2-1)
ANS : (c)
231) What it the minimum permitted density of radiographic film using an Iridium source ?
(a) 2.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 1.3; (d) 4.0
REF : ASME Sec V-T282.1
ANS : (a)
232) What is the minimum required number of settlement measurement points for a 200' diameter
tank ?
(a) 10; (b) 8; (c) 21; (d) 20.
REF : API 653 – 12.5.1.2
ANS : (c)
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233) What is the minimum thickness of bolting flange and cover plate for a 24 × 24 size flush-type
cleanout to be installed in a tank having maximum h eight of 53 feet :-
35
(a) 1/16; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/16; (d) 9/16.
REF : API 650 – 3.7.7 (Table 3-12)
ANS : (d)
25
234) What is the calculated minimum thickness of shell plates from the stress on vertical joints for
a field-erected small capacity tank, which has a diameter of 30 feet, height of 36 feet, joint
efficiency is 0.85, specific gravity is 1.0, with a corrosion allowance of 0.125 ?
(a) t = 0.1529; (b) t = 0.1875;

(c) t = 0.2779; (d) t = 0.3125.
83
REF : API 650 – A.4 (See 3.6.1.1)
ANS : (c)
235) What is the minimum weld length that must be shown on

10
each radiograph ?
(a) 2 inches; (b) 3 inches; (c) 4 inches; (d) 5 inches.
REF : API 650 – 6.1.2.8
ANS : (b)
80
236) What is the most common protective cushion for aboveground storage tanks ?
(a) Clean sand; (b) Clay; (c) Gravel; (d) Carbonaceous.
REF : API – 651, Section 3
ANS : (a)
237) What is the nominal shell thickness required when the nominal tank diameter is less than 50
feet ?
REF : API 650 3.6.1.1
ANS : (a)
238) What is the radii tolerance measured at 1 foot above the shell to bottom for a reconstructed
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125 foot diameter tank ?
35
(a) +/- 1/2; (b) +/- 3/4; (c) +/- 1; (d) +/- 1 1/4.
REF : API 653, 10.5.3
ANS : (b)
25
239) What is the title of API Publication 2015A ?
(a) "Guide for Controlling the Lead Hazard Associated with Tank Entry and
Cleaning."
(b) "Cleaning Open-Top and Covered Floating-Roof Tanks"
(c) "Guidelines for Confined Space Work in the Petroleum Industry"
(d) "Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage"
83
REF : API-653, 3.6
ANS : (a)
240) What must be done to the tank prior to dismantling to insure proper alignment after the tank
10
is reconstructed ?
(a) Atleast four sets of matching centre punch marks should be placed at the top and
bottom edges of each shell plate.
(b) Atleast two sets of matching centre punch marks shall be placed at the top and
bottom edges of each shell plate.
(c) Atleast three alignment tabs shall be tack welded to the top and bottom edges of
80
the each shell plate.

(d) Atleast two sets of matching centre punch marks may be placed at the top and
side edges of each shell plate.
REF : API-653, 10.3.5.2
ANS : (b)
241) What are NDE methods and to what extent shall they be used for the examination of repairs
to butt welds ?
(a) MT and PT over full length; (b) MT and PT spot;

(c) UT and RT over full length; (d) UT or RT over full length.
REF : API 653 – 12.1.3.2
ANS : (d)
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242) What of the following are not principal causes of shell distortion :-
35
(a) Thinning caused by corrosion; (b) Foundation settlement;
(c) Over-or under-pressuring; (d) High wind.
REF : API-653, 4.3.5
ANS : (a)
25
243) What percentage of selected spot radiography shall be at junctions of vertical and horizontal
joints ?
(a) 15 %; (b) 20 %; (c) 25 %; (d) 50 %.
REF : API 650 – 6.1.2.2

83
ANS : (c)
244) What size diameter cover plate is required for a 20 inch roof manhole ?
(a) 22 inch; (b) 24 inch; (c) 26 inch; (d) 28 inch.

10
REF : API 650 3.8.4
ANS : (c)
245) What size penetrameter is required for RT of a tank 0.75 inches thick ?
80
(a) 17; (b) 20; (c) 25; (d) 1.
REF : ASME Sec V Article 2
ANS : (a)
246) What spacing must be used for a settlement survey of a 100’ diameter tank ?
(a) 31.4’; (b) 30’; (c) 28.56’; (d) 31’4”.
REF : API 653 4.3.3.1
ANS : (c)
247) When a new nameplate is attached, the existing nameplate :-
(a) is removed;
(b) is covered by the new name plated;
(c) is located next to the new name plate;
(d) is left for the owner / user to keep on file
REF : API-653, 13.1.2
ANS : (c)
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248) When alternative inspection intervals are selected, the owner / user :-
35
(a) shall document the procedure and make it part of the permanent record;
(b) alternatives are not allowed;
(c) alternative method shall include method for determining bottom plate thickness;
25
REF : API 653, 6.4.3
ANS : (d)
249) When calculating the maximum liquid level for reconstructed tanks, the required corrosion
allowance shall be :-
83
(a) deducted from the actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(b) added to actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(c) not be considered when calculating maximum liquid level;
(d) deducted from the original design thickness.
REF : API 653 – 8.4.4

10
ANS : (a)
250) When changing a non-essential variable on a welding procedure, the procedure must be :-
(a) revised; (b) re-qualified;

(c) no action required; (d) re-written as a new procedure.
80
REF : ASME Sec IX QW-200.1
ANS : (a)
251) When concrete ring walls are provided under the shell, the top of the ring wall shall be level
with ______ inch in the total circumference measured from the average elevation :-
(a) 1/4; (b) 1/8; (c) 3/8; (d) 5/16.
REF : API 650 – 5.5.5.2 a
ANS : (a)
252) When determining average thickness in a corroded area of a shell, a minimum of equally
paced measurements shall be taken over a length of L.
(a) 10; (b) 5; (c) 8; (d) 6.

REF : API 653 4.3.2.1 (c)
ANS : (b)
253) When evaluating roof support systems, special attention should be paid to:
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(a) Rafters; (b) Prior repairs;
(c) Distortions; (d) The possibility of severe internal corrosion of pipe
35
columns.
REF : API – 653, 4.2.2
ANS : (d)
254) When is pitting an important factor in determining tank shell acceptability ?
25
(a) When pits are 1/4" in diameter;
(b) When the pits are 1/8” in diameter.
(c) When the pits are present in a severe form in close proximity.
(d) Pitting always represents a significant threat.
REF : API-653, 4.3.1.3; 4.3.2.2

83
ANS : (c)
255) When liquid penetrant is specified, the method of examination shall be in accordance with
one of the following :-
10
(a) ASME, Section V, Article 6; (b) API-650, Section 6;

(c) API-653, Section 6; (d) ASME, Section 8, Article 6.
REF : API 650 6.4.1
ANS : (a)
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256) When preparing the surface for lining, the abrasive blasting should not be performed if the
temperature of the steel surface is less than ____ above the dew point or if the relative
humidity is greater than ____ %.
(a) 10 degrees, 75 %; (b) 5 degrees, 80 %;

(c) 10 degrees, 80 %; (d) 5 degrees, 75 %.
REF :API-652, 5.4
ANS : (b)
257) When replacing rim-mounted shoe seals on a floating roof, no more than ____ of the seal
should be out of service at any one time.
(a) 1/4; (b) 1/2; (c) 1/3; (d) 1/8.
REF : API-653 9.12.1
ANS : (a)
258) When required, a set of Charpay V-notch impact specimens shall be taken :-
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(a) Before heat treatment; (b) After heat treatment;
35
(c) Either before or after; (d) Both before and after heat treatment.
REF : API 650 2.2.8.1
ANS : (b)
25
259) When required, how long shall a full hydrostatic be held ?
(a) 18 hours; (b) 24 hours; (c) 36 hours; (d) 38 hours.
REF : API 653 – 12.3.1.1
ANS : (b)
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260) When reusing the entire bottom in the intact condition, the shell cut shall be a minimum of
____ inch(es) above the top of the bottom plate :-
(a) 1/2; (b) 6 except where crossing existing welds;

(c) 12; (d) 12 is the maximum.
10
REF : API 653 10.3.2.2
ANS : (c)
261) When reviewing a radiograph, a dark image of the letter B can be seen on the film
80
(a) This is cause for rejection;

(b) This is not cause for rejection;
(c) This is the same as a light letter B;
(d) An unusual safety hazard existed during the exposure.
ANS : (b)
262) When the corrosion rate is not known or determinable from similar service experience, actual
bottom plate thickness shall be determined by inspection within the next ____ years of
operation :-
(a) 10; (b) 7; (c) 5; (d) 3.
REF : API 653 6.4.2.2
ANS : (a)
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263) When the tank is out of service, additional bottom plate examination includes :-
35
(a) All of the below; (b) ultrasonic;
(c) hammer testing; (d) turning of coupons.
REF : API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.4
ANS : (a)
25
264) When two (2) welders weld opposite sides of the same butt joint :-
(a) 2 spot radiographs shall be taken;

(b) heat generated by twin arc removes the need to radiograph;
(c) shall be inspected by ultrasonics;
(d) 1 spot radiograph shall be taken .
83
REF : API 650 – 6.1.2.5
ANS : (d)
265) When two or more tanks are installed concurrently in the same location for the same
10
purchase :-
(a) spot radiographs to be taken is based on each tanks footage of the welds;
(b) spot radiographs may be omitted in tank # 2 if no defects were found in tank # 1;
(c) spot radiographs may be taken based on the aggregate footage of the welds of the
same type and thickness;
(d) spot radiographs to be taken be based on the aggregate footage of the welds
80
regardless of weld type and thicknesss;
REF : API 650 – 6.1.2.5
ANS : (c)
266) When ultrasonic thickness measurements are used to take in-service thickness measurements,
what is the maximum interval for reinspection on a tank corroding at a rate of 1.13 mils per
year and has a remaining corrosion allowance of 22 mils ?
(a) 5 years; (b) 9 years; (c) 15 years; (d) 20 years.
REF : API 653 – 6.3.3.2
ANS : (b)
267) When used, in-service UT thickness measurements shall be taken :-
(a) 10 years after commissioning;

(b) 15 year intervals where corrosion rate is unknown;
(c) the smaller of RCA/2N or 15 years;
REF : API 653, 6.3.3.2
ANS : (c)
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268) When vacuum testing is performed, a partial vacuum of at least psig should be used :-
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(a) 2; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 5.
REF : 650 5.3.3.4
ANS : (a)
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269) Which below best describes how surfaces shall be prepared for Ultrasonic examination :-
(a) The finished contact surfaces shall be free from weld splatter and any roughness
that would interfere with free movement of the search unit or impair the
transmission of ultrasonic vibrations;
(b) The weld surfaces shall be finished so they cannot mask or be confused with
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reflections from defects, and should merge smoothly into the surfaces of the
adjacent base materials;
(c) The volume of base material through which the sound will travel in angle beam
examination shall be completely scanned with a straight beam search unit to
detect reflectors which might affect interpretation of angle beam results;
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REF : ASME Section V, T-542.7.1
ANS : (d)
270) Which below option Thin-Film lining system shall be used for the following service
conditions; Temperature 200 degrees F, product contents are distillates,
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(a) Coal tar epoxy; (b) Epoxy amine;

(c) Epoxy polyamide; (d) Epoxy Polyamidoamine
REF : API 652 – 4.3, Table 1
ANS : (b)
271) Which is not a factor in determining intervals between internal inspections for storage tanks:-
(a) Measured during previous inspection;

(b) Based on experience with similar tanks;
(c) Anticipated corrosion rate;
(d) Consistent with conditions at a particular site.
REF : API-653, 6.4.2
ANS : (d)
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272) Which item is not found on a gauge well?
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(a) hold-off distance; (b) marker vapour control float;
(c) blow-down valve; (d) pipe seal system.
REF : API 653, Appendix C.2.1.1.1
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ANS : (c)
273) Which of the following equations refer to an anodic reaction:-
(a) O2 + 2 H2) + 4 e- > 4 OH-

(b) Fe + 2 e- ____ Fe2
(c) H2O2 + Fe > 2 e
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(d) Fe --> Fe-2 +2 e-
REF : API-651, 2.1.1
ANS : (d)
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274) Which of the following is a cause for tank bottom failure?
(a) Erosion corrosion; (b) Concentration Cell corrosion;

(c) Sulphate-reducing bacteria; (d) All are causes.
REF : API-652, Section 2

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ANS : (d)
275) Which of the following is a factor in the effectiveness of cathodic protection :-
(a) Concrete foundation;

(b) An impervious lining between tank anode such as a secondary containment
system
(c) High resistance soil or rock formations;
(d) All are factors.
REF : API-651 3.1.4
ANS : (d)
276) Which of the following is a principle cause of concrete foundation deterioration :-
(a) Attack by frost; (b) Rusting; (c) Wind load; (d) Floods.
REF : API-653, 4.5
ANS : (a)
277) The difference between peaking and banding is :-
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(a) peaking pertains to the roof;
(b) banding is external to the tank;
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(c) peaking pertains to vertical weld seams, banding pertains to horizontal weld
seams
(d) peaking pertains to horizontal weld seams, banding pertains to vertical weld
seams.
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ANS : (c)
278) Which of the following is not a cause of bottom failure :-
(a) Stresses placed on the bottom plates by roof support loads and shell settlement;
(b) Inadequate drainage;
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(c) Rock or gravel foundation pads with inadequately filled-in surface voids;
(d) Operating conditions.
REF : API-653, 4.4.2
ANS : (d)
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279) Which of the following is not a factor in determining suitability for service of shell tanks :-
(a) Internal corrosion due to the product or water bottoms;

(b) Location relative to other tanks;
(c) Chemical analysis and mechanical properties of the materials of construction;
(d) Tank foundation, soil and settlement conditions.
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REF : API-653, 4.1.3
ANS : (b)
280) Which of the following is not a shell distortion ?
(a) undersize weld; (b) out of roundness;

(c) flat spots; (d) buckled areas.
REF : API 653, 4.3.5.1
ANS : (a)
281) Which of the following is not required information on a nameplate :-
(a) Edition and revision number;
(b) Shell material for shell course;
(c) Nominal diameter;
(d) Test Pressure.
REF : API-653, 13.1.1
ANS : (d)
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282) Which of the following is not true regarding dismantling of the shell :-
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(a) Temporary attachments welds must be ground flush;
(b) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be removed;
(c) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be left
attached;
(d) Temporary attachments welds need not be ground flush.
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REF : API-653, 10.3.3.2
ANS : (d)
283) Which of the following is not true regarding small punctures in a floating roof plate :-
(a) May be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;

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(b) Shall be repaired;
(c) Shall have affected sections replaced;
(d) Is considered a change from the original condition.
REF : API-653 4.2.3.1

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ANS : (a)
284) Which of the following types of welds do not need welder identification ?
(a) Shell vertical welds; (b) Roof Plate welds;

(c) Flange-to-nozzle-neck welds; (d) Both (b) and (c)
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REF : API-653, 11.2.2
ANS : (d)
285) Which thin-film lining system shall be used for the following service conditions :
Temperature 200 degrees F, product contents are distillates :-
(a) Coal tar epoxy; (b) Epoxy amine;

(c) Epoxy polyamide; (d) Epoxy polyamidomine.
REF : 652 6.3 Table 1
ANS : (b)
286) Which tool would least likely be used in an in-service inspection ?
(a) UT thickness device; (b) X-ray equipment;

(c) Steel rule; (d) paint or crayon.
REF : API Chapter XIII 13.4.1
ANS : (b)
287) Who is responsible for preparing the Welding Procedure Specification ?
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(a) Purchasing; (b) Erector / Manufacturer / Repairer;
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(c) Weld Testing Laboratory; (d) A qualified welder
ANS : (b)
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288) Who is responsible for qualifying the welders used to repair an above ground storage tank ?
(a) The tank manufacturer; (b) The repair concern;

(c) The inspector; (d) The test laboratory.

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ANS : (b)
289) Who is responsible for stating the design metal temperature (based on ambient temperatures),
the design specific gravity, the corrosion allowance (if any), and the design wind velocity ?
(a) PURCHASER; (b) FABRICATOR;

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(c) INSPECTOR; (d) ERECTOR.
REF : API 650 XIII
ANS : (a)
290) Widely scattered pits may be ignored provided that the sum of their dimensions along any
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vertical line does not exceed 2 inch in an 8 inch length and no pit depth results in a shell
thickness of less than of the minimum thickness exclusive of corrosion allowance :-
(a) 5/8; (b) 3/4; (c) 1/2; (d) 2/3.
REF : API-653 4.3.2.2
ANS : (c)
__________oooooOOooooo_____________
API 650 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Section 1 – Scope
1. API 650 covers the design, materials, fabrication, erection, and testing of aboveground
steel storage tanks. What is the maximum internal pressure for tanks not covered by
appendix F of this standard?
a) Maximum pressure shall not exceed 15 psig
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b) Maximum pressure shall not exceed 15 psia
c) Maximum pressure shall not exceed the weight of the roof plates
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d) Maximum pressure shall not exceed the weight of the floor plates
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.1
2. API-650 applies only to tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported and tanks in
___ that have a maximum operating temperature of _____°F.
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a) Any petrochemical service and temperature not exceeding 120°F
b) Non-refrigerated service and temperature not exceeding 200°F
c) Non-refrigerated service and temperature not exceeding 120°F
d) Any petrochemical service and temperature not exceeding 200°F

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3. An aboveground storage tank is to be subjected to a small internal service pressure. To
which standard or Code may the tank be designed?
a) API-650 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
b) API-653 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
c) ASME-Section VIII, Div. 1 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
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d) ASME-Section VIII, Div. 2 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
4. According to Table 1-1, what is the status of Appendix O?

a) This Appendix is a Recommendation
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b) This Appendix is a Requirement

c) This Appendix is Mandatory
d) This Appendix is Purchaser’s option
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.19 and Table 1-1
5. What is the purpose of the ( ) next to a paragraph number?

a) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the API
b) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the Inspector
c) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the purchaser
d) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the fabricator
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.2 and Note

Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 1, Scope
Question Number Answer

1 C
2 B
3 A
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4 D
5 C
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.
25
83
10
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Section 2 – Materials
1. API-650 lists materials to be used in the construction of tanks covered by the standard. Is
it permissible to use materials other than those listed in the standard?
a) No only materials listed in API-650 may be used in tank fabrication
b) Yes as long as the manufacturer accepts full liability for tank failure
c) Yes providing it is certified as meeting all requirements of a material listed in
API-650 and is approved by the API-653 Inspector
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d) Yes providing it is certified as meeting all the requirements of a material listed in
API-650 and is approved by the purchaser
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2. If a new or unused plate cannot be completely identified, may it still be used in the
construction of tanks within the scope of API-650?
a) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in Appendix S
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b) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in Appendix N
c) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in ASME Section V
d) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in ASME Section VIII, Div. 2

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3. What is the maximum permitted underrun for shell, roof, and bottom plates?
a) 0.10 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted thickness
b) 0.01 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted thickness
c) 0.001 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted thickness
d) 0.02 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted thickness
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.1.2.3
4. Shell plates are limited to what maximum thickness?

a) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.250 inches
b) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.875 inches
c) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.750 inches
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d) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.075 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.1.4
5. Which of the following is not a requirement for shell plates that are thicker than 1.5
inches?
a) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be free of mill scale and painted
b) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be made to fine-grain practice
c) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be impact tested
d) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be normalized or quench tempered

6. What is the maximum shell plate thickness permitted for a tank fabricated of ASTM A 36
material?
a) This plate material is limited to 1.750 inches
b) This plate material is limited to 1.075 inches
c) This plate material is limited to 1.050 inches
d) This plate material is limited to 1.500 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.2 a
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7. What is the maximum shell plate thickness permitted for a tank fabricated of ASTM A
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285, Grade C material?
a) This plate material is limited to 1.000 inches
b) This plate material is limited to 1.250 inches
c) This plate material is limited to 1.500 inches
d) This plate material is limited to 1.750 inches
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.2 d
8. All welding to repair surface defects shall be done with ______.

a) Cellulose coated electrode
b) High nickel content electrode
c) Low-hydrogen electrode
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d) Gas tungsten process
9. When conducting impact tests, how many specimens are required from a single test
coupon?
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a) Impact tests shall be performed on a single specimen taken from a single test
coupon
b) Impact tests shall be performed on two specimens taken from a single test coupon
c) Impact tests shall be performed on three specimens taken from a single test
coupon
d) Impact tests shall be performed on four specimens taken from a single test coupon
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10. In situations where it is not possible to obtain full size specimens, what is the required
width along the notch for subsize specimens?
a) 60% of the material thickness
b) 80% of the material thickness
c) 90% of the material thickness
d) 75% of the material thickness

11. Unless data is available to justify a different temperature, what must the design metal
temperature be for an aboveground storage tank to be installed in Birmingham, Alabama?
a) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 25°F
b) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 15°F
c) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 20°F
d) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 10°F
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.9.3 and Figure 2-2
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12. Unless data is available to justify a different temperature, what must the design metal
temperature be for an aboveground storage tank to be installed in Indianapolis, Indiana?
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a) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 5°F
b) The design temperature shall be assumed to be -5°F
c) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 0°F
d) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 10°F
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.9.3 and Figure 2-2
13. What is the required average longitudinal impact value of three specimens taken from a
1.375 inch thick A 516M-60(415) normalized Group IIIA test coupon?
a) 30 foot-pounds
b) 20 foot-pounds
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c) 15 foot-pounds
d) 13 foot-pounds
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.10.2 and Figures 2-3 and 2-4
14. What is the required average longitudinal impact value of three specimens taken from a
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1.5 inch thick A 516M-70(485) as rolled Group V test coupon?

a) 35 foot-pounds
b) 25 foot-pounds
c) 20 foot-pounds
d) 30 foot-pounds
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15. Longitudinal impact tests are performed on three specimens, taken from a 1.5 inch thick
A 516M-70(485) as rolled test coupon with the following results: Specimen #1 – 42 foot-
pounds, Specimen #2 – 18 foot-pounds, Specimen # 3 – 31 foot-pounds. Is the impact test
acceptable?
a) Yes the average impact value exceeds 30 foot-pounds
b) Yes only one specimen is less than 2/3 the specified minimum value
c) No the average impact value of Specimen # 1 exceeds 2/3 the required average
impact value and one specimen is less than 2/3 the specified minimum value
d) No Specimen #2 is less than 2/3 the specified minimum

Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 2, Materials

1 D
2 B
3 B
4 C
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5 A
6 D
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7 A
8 C
9 C
10 B
11 C
12 A
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13 C
14 D
83 15 D
10
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Section 3 – Design
1. According to API-650, tack welds _______
a) May be installed by welders who need practice
b) Can be considered as adding to the strength of a welded joint
c) Are not considered as having any strength value in the finished structure
d) Have strength value in the finished structure provided they are performed by a
qualified welder to a qualified welding procedure
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2. What is the minimum size fillet weld permitted when joining a 1” thick plate to a ¾”
thick plate?
a) 3/16”
b) 1/4”
c) 3/8”
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d) 1/2”
3. For lap-welded joints that are tack welded, what is the minimum amount of lap
permitted?
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a) The lap need not exceed 2”
b) The lap need not exceed 1”
c) The joint shall be lapped at least 5 times the minimum required thickness of the
thinner plate
d) The joint shall be lapped at least 5 times the nominal thickness of the thinner plate
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4. The welded joint pictured here is defined as what type of joint?

a) Double-V butt joint
b) Square-groove butt joint
c) Double-U butt joint
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d) Double-square butt joint
5. Vertical shell joints may be partial penetration groove welds welded from both sides.
a) True
b) False
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.2 a

6. API 650 requires the vertical joints in adjacent shell courses to be offset. What is the
minimum required offset between the first course of an AST, which is 1.25” thick and the
second course which is 1” thick?
a) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the second shell course height
b) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the thickness of the second course
c) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the first shell course height
d) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the thickness of the first shell course
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.2 b
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7. Three-plate laps in tank bottoms shall be at least ____ from each other, from the tank
35
shell, from butt-welded annular-plate joints, and from joints between annular plates and
the bottom.
a) 1.2 inches
b) 12 inches
c) 1.2 feet
d) 12 feet
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8. What is the maximum size of fillet weld permitted in the attachment between the lowest
course shell plate and the bottom plate?
a) 3/8 inch
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b) 5/16 inch
c) 1/2 inch
d) 1/4 inch

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9. What is the minimum size fillet weld required on each side of the shell plate attaching
shell plate to the annular plate? The shell plate is 1.25” thick.
a) 3/8 inch
b) 3/16 inch
c) 1/4 inch
d) 5/16 inch
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10. A 110 ft diameter tank shall have a top angle not less than ____ inches.
a) 2 X 2 X 3/8
b) 2 X 3 X 3/8
c) 3 X 3 X 3/8
d) 3 X 2 X 3/8

11. The ______ shall state the design metal temperature, the design specific gravity, the
corrosion allowance, and the design wind velocity.
a) The purchaser
b) The fabricator
c) The Inspector
d) Erector
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12. According to API-650, tanks meeting the minimum requirements of the standard may be
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subjected to a partial vacuum of _____.
a) One inch of mercury
b) One inch of water pressure
c) One pound per square inch absolute
d) One centimeter of water pressure
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13. An AST is 116 ft in diameter and constructed of A 516M-70(485) Group V as rolled

material. How many hardness tests are required on one circumferential weld?
a) One
b) Two
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c) Three
d) Four
14. The purchaser orders an aboveground storage tank and insists on a corrosion allowance in
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the bottom plates of .125 inches. What is the minimum thickness permitted for bottom
plates in this tank?
a) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 1/4 inch
b) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 1/2 inch
c) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 3/8 inch
d) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 5/16 inch
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15. What is the minimum projection, of trimmed bottom plates, beyond the outside edge of
the weld attaching bottom to the shell?
a) Minimum projection is 0.01 inch
b) Minimum projection is 0.10 inch
c) Minimum projection is 1.00 inch
d) Minimum projection is 10.0 inch

16. Annular bottom plates shall have a radial width that provides at least ____ between the
inside of the shell and any lap-welded joint in the remainder of the bottom.
a) 12 inches
b) 24 inches
c) 1.2 inches
d) 2.4 inches
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17. How far must annular bottom plates project outside the shell?
a) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 1 inch when trimmed
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b) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 1/2 inch beyond the edge of the weld
c) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 2 inches outside the shell
d) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 5t (t = thickness of the shell course)
outside the shell
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18. The thickness of the first shell course of an aboveground storage tank is 1&5/8th inches.
The hydrostatic test stress in the first shell course is 33,000 psi. What is the minimum
permissible thickness of the annular bottom plates?
a) Minimum permitted thickness is 5/8th inch
b) Minimum permitted thickness is 9/16th inch
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c) Minimum permitted thickness is 3/4 inch
d) Minimum permitted thickness is 11/16th inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.5.3 and Table 3-1
19. According to API-650, what is the minimum allowable nominal shell thickness of an
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AST that is 86 feet in diameter?

a) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 3/16th inch
b) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 1/4 inch
c) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 9/32nd inch
d) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 5/16th inch
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20. Unless otherwise agreed to by the purchaser, what is the minimum nominal width of shell
plates?
a) Minimum width of shell plates is 84 inches
b) Minimum width of shell plates is 96 inches
c) Minimum width of shell plates is 72 inches
d) Minimum width of shell plates is 120 inches

21. Aboveground storage tank manufacturers are required to furnish a drawing to the
purchaser listing all but which of the following for each course?
a) The material specification
b) The allowable stress
c) The nominal thickness used
d) The nominal thickness of coatings
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22. In calculating the net plate thickness for an AST fabricated of A 516M Grade 450(60)
material, what would be the product design stress value used in the calculation?
35
a) 24,000
b) 21,300
c) 32,000
d) 23,300
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.6.2.1 and Table 3-2
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23. The fabricator of an AST obtains the approval of the purchaser to use the alternative shell
design permitted in Appendix A in the design of a 60 foot diameter tank using 3/8th inch
A 516M Grade 450(60) plate. What allowable stress would be used in the design
calculations?
a) 21,300
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b) 24,000
c) 21,000
d) 32,000

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24. What is the maximum diameter of tank that permits the 1-foot method of calculation for
required thickness?
a) Tanks 50 feet in diameter and less
b) Tanks 120 feet in diameter and less
c) Tanks 180 feet in diameter and less
d) Tanks 200 feet in diameter and less
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25. Openings in tank shells, larger than that required to accommodate a ____ flanged or
threaded nozzle shall be reinforced.
a) 2 inch
b) 2.5 inch
c) 3 inch
d) 3.5 inch

26. When installing openings in a shell plate, the edge of the fillet weld around the periphery
of the reinforcing pad shall be spaced at least the greater of _______ from the centerline
of any butt-welded shell joints.
a) Eight inches or ten times the weld size
b) Eight times the weld size or ten inches
c) Eight times the weld size or six inches
d) Eight inches or six times the weld size
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.3.1 a
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27. When installing openings adjacent to each other, how much space must there be between
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the welds around the periphery of the reinforcing plate?
a) Eight times the larger weld or ten inches from each other
b) Eight inches or six times the larger weld from each other
c) Eight times the larger weld or six inches from each other
d) Eight times the larger weld or eight inches from each other
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.3.1 b
28. A minimum distance of ____ shall be maintained between the toe of a weld around a
non-reinforced penetration and the toe of the shell-to-bottom weld.
a) Ten inches b) Eight inches

c) Six inches
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29. Subject to the acceptance of the purchaser, the manufacture may locate a circular shell
opening in a horizontal butt-welded shell joint provided ______.
a) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a liquid penetrant examination of the
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welded joint is conducted

b) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a radiographic examination of the
c) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and an ultrasonic examination of the
d) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a magnetic particle examination of the
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30. All flush-type clean-out fittings and flush-type shell connections shall be thermally stress
relieved after assembly and prior to installation in the tank. What are the temperature
range and time requirements for this stress relief activity?
a) 1100°F to 1200°F for 1 hour per inch of reinforcing plate thickness
b) 1100°F to 1200°F for 1/2 hour per inch of shell thickness
c) 1100°F to 1200°F for 1 hour per inch of shell thickness
d) 1100°F to 1200°F for 1 & 1/2 hour per inch of shell thickness

31. Subject to the acceptance of the purchaser, the fabricator may stress relieve at a
temperature of 1000°F when it is impractical to stress relieve at a minimum temperature
of 1100°F providing _____.
a) The shell plate is first pre-heated to 300°F
b) The holding time is increased to 2 hours per inch of thickness
c) The holding time is increased to 4 hours per inch of thickness
d) The holding time is increased to 10 hours per inch of thickness
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32. What is the minimum required thickness for a manhole cover plate to be used with a 24
35
inch manhole? The maximum design liquid level of the tank is 45 feet.
a) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 9/16th inch
b) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 5/8th inch
c) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 1/2 inch
d) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 11/16th inch
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33. What is the bolt circle diameter for a cover plate used with a 30 inch diameter manhole?
a) 32 ¾ inch
b) 36 ¼ inch
c) 38 ¾ inch
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d) 42 ¼ inch
34. The purchaser has ordered a 36 inch manhole to be installed in the first course of an AST.
The thickness of the shell plate and the reinforcing plate is 1.375 inches. What is the
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required hole diameter that must be cut in the tank to accommodate this manhole?
a) 36 & 1/4 inch
b) 36 & 1/2 inch
c) 36 & 3/4 inch
d) 36 & 5/8 inch
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35. API 650 requires telltale holes in reinforcing plates. What is the required dimension of
this hole and what should be done with it after the initial re-pad pressure test?
a) The hole shall be 3/8 inch diameter and shall be left open to the atmosphere
b) The hole shall be 1/4 inch diameter and shall be left open to the atmosphere
c) The hole shall be 3/8 inch diameter and shall be closed after testing
d) The hole shall be 1/4 inch diameter and shall be closed after testing

36. What is the maximum size un-reinforced opening permitted in flat cover plates without
increasing the thickness of the cover plate?
a) 4 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than ¼ the height
or diameter of the opening closer to the center of the cover plate
b) 3 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than ¼ the height
c) 2 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than ¼ the height
d) 1 & ½ inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than ¼ the
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height or diameter of the opening closer to the center of the cover plate
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37. What is the maximum size opening that may be placed in a cover plate?
a) 12 inches pipe size
b) 8 inches pipe size
c) 6 inches pipe size
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d) 3 inches pipe size
38. An aboveground storage tank has a design liquid height of 40 feet. The purchaser intends
to install product mixing equipment in the cover plate of a 30 inch manhole. What is the
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required minimum thickness of the cover plate?
a) The minimum thickness shall be at least .625 inches
b) The minimum thickness shall be at least .75 inches
c) The minimum thickness shall be at least .9375 inches
d) The minimum thickness shall be at least .875 inches
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39. A 24 inch manhole is to be installed in a roof plate and it is anticipated that work may be
carried on through the manhole while the tank is in use. What is the diameter of the
opening to be cut in the roof plate and what is the outside diameter of the reinforcing
plate?
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a) The diameter of the opening is 24.625” and the OD of the reinforcing plate is 42”
b) The diameter of the opening is 24.625” and the OD of the reinforcing plate is 46”
c) The diameter of the opening is 24.750” and the OD of the reinforcing plate is 42”
d) The diameter of the opening is 24.750” and the OD of the reinforcing plate is 46”
40. What is the minimum thickness permitted for rectangular roof opening cover plates?
a) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .875 inches
b) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .750 inches
c) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .625 inches
d) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .500 inches

41. Stiffening ring splice welds shall be located at least _____ from any vertical shell weld.
a) 24 inches
b) 18 inches
c) 12 inches
d) 6 inches
42. When stiffening rings are to be used as walkways, what is the required width of the
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stiffening ring?
a) The width shall be not less than 36 inches clear of the projecting curb angle on the
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top of the tank shell
b) The width shall be not less than 3 feet 6 inches clear of the projecting curb angle
on the top of the tank shell
c) The width shall be not less than 24 inches clear of the projecting curb angle on the
top of the tank shell
d) The width shall be not less than 2 feet 4 inches clear of the projecting curb angle
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on the top of the tank shell
43. How far below the top of the curb angle should a stiffening ring, that is to be used as a
walkway, be located?
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a) 3 feet 6 inches
b) 36 inches
c) 6 feet 3 inches
d) 63 inches

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44. All roofs and supporting structures shall be designed to support dead loads plus a uniform
live load of not less than _____ of projected area
a) 25 pounds per square inch
b) 25 pounds per square foot
c) 25 pounds per square yard
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d) 25 pounds per square meter
45. What is the minimum nominal thickness permitted for roof plates?
a) 3/16 inch or 5.76 pounds per square foot
b) 3/16 inch or 6.75 pounds per square foot
c) 3/16 inch or 7.65 pounds per square foot
d) 3/16 inch or 12-gauge sheet

46. A roof where the continuous fillet weld between the roof plates and the top angle does
not exceed 3/16", the slope at the top angle attachment does not exceed 2" in 12", and the
shell-to-roof compression ring details are limited to Figure F-2 (a)-(d) may be considered
what type of roof?
a) A 1 in 6 roof
b) A dangerous roof design and should be avoided
c) A roof with inherent compensation
d) A frangible roof
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 3.10.2.5.1
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47. Rafters shall be spaced so that in the outer ring, their centers are not more than _____
apart measured along the circumference of the tank.
a) 3π feet or 9.42 feet
b) 2π feet or 6.28 feet
c) 4π feet or 12.56 feet
d) 2.5π feet or 7.85 feet
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Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 3, Design
Question Answer Question Answer

Number Number
1 C 24 D
2 B 25 A
3 D 26 B
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4 A 27 C
5 B 28 D
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6 D 29 B
7 B 30 C
8 C 31 C
9 D 32 A
10 C 33 B
11 A 34 C
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12 B 35 B
13 D 36 C
14 C 37 A
15 C 38 D
16 B 39 B
17 C 40 D
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18 A 41 D
19 B 42 C
20 C 43 A
21 D 44 B
22 B 45 C
23 C 46 D
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47 B
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Section 4 – Fabrication
1. What method(s) is/are permitted for straightening material?
a) Pressing or other non-injurious method prior to layout or shaping
b) Heating and hammering after layout or shaping
c) Jacking into shape after final assembly
d) Jacking into shape and holding with tack welds
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2. When plates are to be butt-welded, shearing is limited to what maximum thickness?
a) 5/8th inch
b) 3/8th inch
c) 3/16th inch
d) Shearing is not permitted
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3. When plates are to be used in lap-welded joints, shearing is limited to what maximum
thickness
a) 3/16th inch
b) 3/8th inch
c) 1/2 inch
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d) 5/8th inch
4. What are the requirements regarding mill test reports according to API-650?
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a) No material shall be used in the construction of an AST unless it is accompanied

by a mill test report
b) Mill test reports are required only on shell plate material
c) Mill test reports shall be furnished to the purchaser only when specified in the
original purchase order
d) Mill test reports shall be furnished to the purchaser prior to final acceptance of the
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AST
5. Mill and shop inspection releases the manufacturer from responsibility for replacing
defective material.
a) True
b) False

Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 4, Fabrication

1 A
2 B
3 D
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4 C
5 B
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Section 5 – Erection
1. What welding process is not permitted when impact testing of the material is required?
a) Shielded metal-arc
b) Gas metal-arc
c) Oxyfuel
d) Submerged arc
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2. Welding may be performed manually, automatically, or semi-automatically according to
the procedures described in ____ of the ASME Code.
a) Section VIII, Division 1
b) B31.3
c) Section VIII, Division 2
d) Section IX
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3. No welding of any kind shall be performed when the temperature of the base metal is less
than ____°F
a) Sixty
b) Thirty-two
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c) Zero
d) Negative fifteen

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4. When base metal thickness is greater than 1.25 inches or the base metal temperature is
0°F -32°F, what requirement must be met?
a) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be heated
to a temperature warm to the hand
b) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be heated
to a temperature of not less than 200°F
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c) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be heated
d) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be heated
5. What is the maximum acceptable undercut for horizontal butt joints?

a) 1/64th inch
b) 1/32nd inch
c) 3/64th inch
d) 3/32nd inch
6. What is the maximum acceptable undercut for vertical butt joints?
a) 3/32nd inch
b) 3/64th inch
c) 1/32nd inch
d) 1/64th inch
7. What is the maximum permissible weld reinforcement for a vertical joint in plate
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thickness 1.25”?
a) 3/16th inch
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b) 1/8th inch
c) 1/4th inch
d) 3/32nd inch
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8. When tack welds are used during the assembly of vertical joints, what requirement is
stipulated by API-650?
a) Tack welds that are to be removed do not require a qualified procedure or welder
b) Tack welds that are to be left in place shall be made using a qualified procedure
only
c) Tack welds that are to be removed may be made using a welder in training
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d) Tack welds that are to be left in place shall be made using a qualified procedure
and welder
9. What is the requirement when protective coatings are used on surfaces to be welded?
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a) The coating must be removed prior to welding

b) The coating shall be included in the welder’s performance qualification tests
c) The coating shall be included in the welding procedure qualification
d) The coating shall be identified on the purchase order

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10. The welding of the ____ shall be practically complete prior to welding-out the bottom
joints.
a) Nozzle reinforcement periphery welds
b) Shell-to-bottom weld
c) All vertical and horizontal shell welds
d) All external attachment welds

11. In a vertical joint of an AST, what is the maximum misalignment of 1.5” thick plate?
a) Maximum misalignment is .150 inch
b) Maximum misalignment is .145 inch
c) Maximum misalignment is .135 inch
d) Maximum misalignment is .125 inch
12. In a horizontal joint of an AST, what is the maximum projection of an upper plate beyond
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the face of the plate below it? The plate thickness is .25 inch.
a) Maximum projection is .0625 inch
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b) Maximum projection is .0500 inch
c) Maximum projection is .1250 inch
d) Maximum projection is .09375 inch
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13. Multi-pass weld procedures are required for circumferential and vertical joints in tank
shell courses constructed of material that is more than 1.5 inches thick. What is the
maximum weld pass size permitted and what is the minimum pre-heat temperature?
a) No weld pass over ¾ inch with a minimum pre-heat of 300°F
b) No weld pass over ½ inch with a minimum pre-heat of 200°F
c) No weld pass over ¾ inch with a minimum pre-heat of 200°F
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d) No weld pass over ½ inch with a minimum pre-heat of 300°F
14. The initial weld pass inside the shell of the shell-to-bottom weld shall be cleaned and
examined for its entire circumference. This examination shall be visually and by which of
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the following?
a) Magnetic particle or ultrasonic or suitable liquid penetrant process
b) Magnetic particle or suitable liquid penetrant process or a vacuum box and bubble
method
c) Magnetic particle or radiography or vacuum box and bubble method
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d) Magnetic particle or acoustic emission or eddy current
15. The required examination of the initial weld pass as described in API-650 may be waived
subject to agreement between the purchaser and the AST manufacturer provided all but
which of the following examinations are performed on the entire circumference of the
weld(s)
a) Examine either side of the finished weld by MT, PT, or right angle vacuum box
b) Visually examine the initial weld (inside and outside)
c) Visually examine the finished joint welded surfaces (inside and outside the shell)
d) Examine either side of the finished weld by MT, PT, UT, or RT

16. What are the dimensions of a standard vacuum testing box?
a) 6” wide by 30” long
b) 6” wide by 24” long
c) 6” wide by 36” long
d) 6” wide by 32” long
17. In an examination of a tank’s bottom weld seams by vacuum box testing, what is the
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required partial vacuum pressure?
a) At least 1 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
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b) At least 2 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
c) At least 3 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
d) At least 4 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
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18. If an alternative to vacuum box testing is used, whose approval is required?
a) The Manufacturer
b) The API-653 Inspector
c) The local jurisdiction
d) The purchaser
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19. After fabrication is completed but prior to filling an aboveground storage tank with test
water, reinforcing plates shall be tested. What method of test and pressure shall be used?
a) A hydrostatic pressure test at up to 15 lbf/in2 (psig)
b) A pneumatic pressure test at up to 15 lbf/in2 (psig)
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c) A vacuum test at a partial pressure of 2 lbf/in2 (psig)

d) A pneumatic pressure test at up to 25 lbf/in2 (psig)
20. A new aboveground storage tank must be tested. If water is available for testing the shell,
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the tank shall be filled to any of the following levels except?

a) To the maximum design liquid level
b) Tanks with tight roofs, to 2 inches above the weld connecting the roof plate of
compression bar to the top angle of the shell
c) To overflowing to ensure all air is vented from the tank
d) To a level lower than specified in a) or b) when restricted by overflows or
freeboard agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser

21. The purchaser of an AST that is designed to be gas tight required the roof to be tested
pneumatically. What maximum pressure would be applied to a tank with ¼” thick roof
plates?
a) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .053 psi
b) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .071 psi
c) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .083 psi
d) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .091 psi
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.3.7.1 and 3.10.2.2
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Solution: 3/16” thick plate = 7.65 lb/ft ∴1/16” = 2.55 lb/ft
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22. During the filling of an aboveground storage tank for testing, leakage was observed in a
horizontal seam. Repairs are to be completed with the test water in the tank. The tank is
61 feet high and the leak is discovered 29 feet below the top of the tank. Where must the
water level be during the repair?
a) The water level shall be not less than 30 feet from the top of the tank
b) The water level shall be not more than 32 feet from the bottom of the tank
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c) The water level shall be at the maximum design liquid level
d) The water shall be removed from the tank
23. A 60 foot high aboveground storage tank is designed with an internal floating roof. What
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is the maximum out-of-plumbness permitted on the 54.5 foot fixed roof columns?
a) 2.94 inches
b) 3.27 inches
c) 1.31 inches
d) 1.18 inches
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24. What is the maximum roundness tolerance (radius tolerance) permitted on an AST that is
110 feet in diameter and where is this tolerance applied?
a) ¾” measured 10 feet above the bottom corner weld
b) ¾” measured 1 foot below the top shell angle joint
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c) ¾” measured 1 foot above the bottom corner weld

d) ¾” measured 10 feet below the top shell angle joint
25. Peaking at vertical welds and banding at horizontal welds shall not exceed ____.
a) 1 inch
b) ¾ inch
c) ½ inch
d) ¼ inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.5.4 (a and b)

26. Peaking and banding are determined using a horizontal sweep board for peaking and a
straight edge vertical sweep board for banding. What is the required length of these
sweep boards?
a) 48 inches
b) 24 inches
c) 42 inches
d) 36 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.5.4 (a and b)
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27. The top of the concrete ringwall (where installed) of an AST must be level within ± 1/8”
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in any 30 feet of circumference. What is the total circumferential tolerance measured
from the average elevation?
a) ±1/8”
b) ±3/16”
c) ±1/2”
d) 1/4”
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.2 (a)
28. Where a concrete ringwall is not provided, the foundation under the shell shall be level to
within what tolerances?
a) ±1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumference
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measured from the average elevation
b) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/2” in the total circumference
c) ±1/8” in any 10’ of the circumference and ±1/4” in the total circumference
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d) ±1/8” in any 30’ of the circumference and ±1/4” in the total circumference
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.2 (b)
29. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the actual elevation shall
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not deviate from the calculated differences by more than which of the following where
concrete ringwalls are provided?
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.3 (a)

30. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the actual elevation shall
not deviate from the calculated differences by more than which of the following where
concrete ringwalls are not provided?
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.3 (b)
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Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 5, Erection
Question Number Answer Question Number Answer

1 C 16 A
2 D 17 C
3 C 18 D
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4 A 19 B
5 B 20 C
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6 D 21 B
7 A 22 A
8 D 23 B
9 C 24 C
10 B 25 C
11 D 26 D
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12 A 27 D
13 C 28 B
14 B 29 D
15 D 30 B
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Section 6 – Methods of inspecting Joints
1. With regards to radiographic examination of welded joints, API-650 considers plates to
be the same thickness when the difference in their specified or design thickness is not
greater than ____.
a) 1/32nd inch
b) 1/16th inch
c) 3/32nd inch
d) 1/8th inch
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1
2. Which of the following joints do not require radiographic examination?

a) Bottom-plate welds
b) Shell butt welds
c) Flush-type connections with butt welds
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d) Annular-plate butt welds
3. Vertical butt welds in plates not greater than 3/8th inch thick, require one spot radiograph
to be taken in the first _____ of completed vertical joint of each type and thickness by
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each welder or welding operator.
a) 100 feet
b) 50 feet
c) 25 feet
d) 10 feet
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(a)
4. One additional spot radiograph shall be taken in each additional ____ of vertical joint of
the same type and thickness.
a) 10 feet
b) 200 feet
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c) 100 feet
d) 25 feet
5. What percentage of the selected spot radiographs must be at junctions of vertical and
horizontal welded joints?
a) 25 percent
b) 50 percent
c) 75 percent
d) 15 percent

6. For butt welded joints in plates over 3/8” to not over 1” in thickness are required to be
radiographically examined to the same extent as plates 3/8” and less. What additional
spot examination does API-650 require for these welded joints?
a) 50 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
b) 75 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
c) 100 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
d) 25 percent of all horizontal joints between the first and second course
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(b)
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7. The radiographic film for all junctions of vertical and horizontal joints shall show at least
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____ of weld length on each side of the vertical intersection.
a) 3 inches
b) 2 inches
c) 1 inch
d) 4 inches
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Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(b) and (c)
8. The butt weld around the periphery of an insert manhole or nozzle shall be ____.
a) Completely examined by liquid penetrant methods
b) Completely examined by ultrasonic methods
c) Completely examined by magnetic particle methods
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d) Completely examined by radiographic methods
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(d)
9. After the initial spot radiograph in the first 10 feet of horizontal butt joint, additional spot
radiographs shall be taken at what increment?
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a) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 200 feet

b) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 100 feet
c) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 300 feet
d) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 150 feet

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10. What is the minimum weld length that must be clearly shown on each radiograph?
a) 2 inches
b) 3 inches
c) 6 inches
d) 8 inches

11. Personnel who perform and evaluate radiographic examinations according to API-650
shall be qualified and certified by the manufacturer as meeting the requirements as
generally outlined in _____.
a) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1B
b) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1B
c) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1A
d) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1A
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12. The acceptance standards for radiographic examinations shall be in accordance with
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which of the following?
a) Paragraph UW-51(b) in Section VIII of the ASME Code
b) Paragraph PW-51(b) in Section I of the ASME Code
c) Paragraph 341.3.2 in B31.3 Process Piping of the ASME Code
d) Paragraph RB-3233 in the National Board Inspection Code (NBIC)
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13. If a section of weld is shown by a radiograph to be unacceptable under the provisions of

API-650, paragraph 6.1.5 or the radiograph does not define the limits of the deficient
welding, which of the following requirements apply?
a) One additional spot shall be taken and at least 3” of weld shall be represented
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b) Two spots adjacent to the section shall be examined by radiography
c) Two spots ten feet from each side of the original radiography shall be examined
d) Two spots, chosen randomly by the purchaser’s inspector, shall be examined by
radiography
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.1.6

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14. After an aboveground storage tank is completed, what shall be done with the
radiographs?
a) They shall become the property of the insurance company
b) They shall become the property of the manufacturer
c) They shall become the property of the purchaser
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d) They shall become the property of the API
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.1.8.2
15. According to API-650, magnetic particle examination shall be performed to a written

procedure. The examiner shall have his/her vision checked and be able to read which of
the following?
a) The magnetic particle written procedure at a distance not less than 12 inches
b) A Jaeger Type 3 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
c) A Jaeger Type 1 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
d) A Jaeger Type 2 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.2.2 and 6.2.3 (a)

16. Ultrasonic examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure.
Examiners shall be qualified and certified by the manufacturer as meeting the
requirements of certification as generally outlined in which of the following?
a) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1B
b) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1B
c) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1A
d) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1A
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.3.2 and 6.3.3
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17. Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure.
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The examiner shall have his/her vision checked and be able to read which of the
following?
a) The liquid penetrant written procedure at a distance not less than 12 inches
b) A Jaeger Type 2 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
c) A Jaeger Type 1 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
d) A Jaeger Type 3 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.4.2 and 6.4.3 (a)
18. Undercutting of welds attaching nozzles, manholes, cleanout openings, and permanent
attachments shall not exceed which of the following?
a) Undercutting shall not exceed 1/64th inch
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b) Undercutting shall not exceed 3/32nd inch
c) Undercutting shall not exceed 1/32nd inch
d) Undercutting shall not exceed 3/64th inch
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.5.1 (b)

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Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 6, Methods of Inspecting Joints

1 D
2 A
3 D
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4 C
5 A
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6 C
7 B
8 D
9 A
10 C
11 D
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12 A
13 B
14 C
15 D
16 D
17 B
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18 A
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Section 7 – Welding Procedure and Welder Qualifications
1. Who is responsible for preparing the welding procedure specification, performing the
qualification tests, and preparing the procedure qualification record?
a) The welding operator or welder
b) The purchaser’s inspector
c) The purchaser’s welding engineer
d) The erection manufacturer or the fabrication manufacturer if other than the
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erection manufacturer
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2. The manufacturer has the approval of the purchaser to use a material listed in API-650
but not included in the applicable table of ASME Section IX. What Group number would
this material be included in if the minimum tensile strength is specified at 73,000 psi?
a) This material would be included in Group number 2
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b) This material would be included in Group number 1
c) This material would be included in Group number 3
d) This material can not be used in AST construction

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3. When impact tests of the heat-affected zone are required, how shall this requirement be
treated?
a) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be a non-essential variable
b) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be an essential variable
c) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be a supplementary essential
variable
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d) Heat treated condition of the base metal does not need to be addressed on the
welding procedure specification
4. If a protective coating has been applied to weld edge preparations, how is this condition
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treated on the welding procedure specification?

a) The coating shall be removed and does not affect the weld and therefore does not
need to be addressed
b) The coating shall be included as an essential variable
c) The coating shall be included as a non-essential variable
d) The coating shall be included as a supplementary essential variable

5. Materials to be used at a design metal temperature below ____, the qualification of the
welding procedure for vertical joints shall include impact tests of the weld metal.
a) 50°F
b) 32°F
c) 60°F
d) 0°F
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6. Welder qualification tests conducted by one manufacturer shall not qualify a welder or
welding operator to do work for another manufacturer.
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a) True
b) False
7. Traceability to a welder or welding operator, either by welder’s identification stamp or
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“weld map”, is required on all but which of the following?
a) Shell horizontal weld joints
b) Shell vertical weld joints
c) Annular plate butt welds (when annular plates are required)
d) Roof plate welds and flange-to-nozzle neck welds
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.4
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Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 7, Welding Procedure and Welder
Qualifications

1 D
2 A
3 C
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4 B
5 A
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6 A
7 D
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Section 8 - Marking
1. A nameplate shall identify aboveground storage tanks made in accordance with API-650.
Where must this nameplate be located on the completed tank?
a) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole or to a
manhole reinforcing plate immediately to the right of the manhole
b) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a vertical weld joint
at least 48” above the shell-to-bottom weld joint
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c) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole or to a
manhole reinforcing plate immediately above the manhole
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d) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole or to a
manhole reinforcing plate immediately below the manhole
2. The manufacturer of an AST is required to certify to the purchaser that the tank has been
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constructed in accordance with API-650. How is this certification accomplished?
a) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with a U-1 Data Report form
b) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with letter
c) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with an ASME acceptable
“Certificate of Compliance”
d) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with a notarized certificate of
compliance
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Reference API-650, Paragraph 8.3
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Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 8, Marking

1 C
2 B
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35
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Appendix A – Optional Design Basis for Small Tanks
1. What is the maximum shell thickness including corrosion allowance permitted for tanks
that comply Appendix A of API-650?
a) 7/8th inch
b) 3/4th inch
c) 5/8th inch
d) 1/2 inch
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Reference API-650, Paragraph A.2.1
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2. What is the maximum tensile strength, before the joint efficiency is applied, permitted in
the design of small tanks in accordance with Appendix A of API-650?
a) 21000 psi
b) 21500 psi
c) 21000 ksi
d) 21500 ksi
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3. When computing the tension in each ring (course) of a small tank designed in accordance
with Appendix A of API-650, where is this tension computed?
a) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the course in
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question
b) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the lower
horizontal joint of the course in question
c) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the tank in
question
d) The tension shall be computed 12 inches below the centerline of the upper
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horizontal joint of the course in question
4. What joint efficiency factor shall be used in the design of small tanks designed in
accordance with Appendix A of API-650 when spot radiographic examination is applied?
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a) 1.00 b) 0.90 c) 0.85 d) 0.70
5. What joint efficiency factor shall be used in the design of small tanks designed in
accordance with Appendix A of API-650 when spot radiographic examination is omitted?
a) 1.00
b) 0.90
c) 0.85
d) 0.70

Answers to API-Standard 650
Appendix A - Optional Design Basis for Small Tanks

1 D
2 A
3 B
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4 C
5 D
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25
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API 651- CATHODIC PROTECTION QUESTIONS
Section 4 - Corrosion of Above Ground Steel Storage Tanks

1. According to API Recommended Practice - 651, there are four components in each
corrosion cell. Theses components are an anode and all but which of the following?
a) DC current supplied by batteries
b) A cathode
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c) A metallic path connecting the anode and cathode
d) An electrolyte
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Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1
2. The base metal goes into solution (corrodes) by releasing electrons and forming positive
metal ions. This statement describes what takes place at what component of a corrosion
cell?
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a) The cathode
b) The electrolyte
c) The metallic connection between the cathode and the anode
d) The anode
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(a)

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3. Which of the following is the most correct statement regarding the cathode?
a) Moderate corrosion takes place at the cathode
b) No corrosion takes place at the cathode
c) All corrosion takes place at the cathode
d) A chemical reaction takes place using electrons released at the electrolyte
10
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(b)
4. The electrolyte contains ions and conducts positive current from the anode to the cathode.
The most common electrolyte for external tank bottom surfaces is _______, while the
most common for internal surfaces is _________.
80
a) Water, sludge and moist soil

b) Moist soil, water and sludge
c) Acidic soil, water and sludge
d) Moist soil, product and sludge
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(d)
5. The two most common types of corrosion to tank bottoms are ______ and ______.
a) Stress corrosion and galvanic
b) Erosion and erosion/corrosion
c) General and pitting
d) Stray current and bimetallic
6. Which type of corrosion results in relatively uniform metal loss?
a) Erosion and erosion/corrosion
b) Stray current
c) General
d) Pitting
7. Which type of corrosion may only affect relatively small areas, while substantial areas of
W
the surface are unaffected by corrosion?
a) Galvanic
35
b) General
c) Brittle
d) Pitting
25
8. Composition of the metal is a factor in determining which areas become anodes and
which become cathodes. What else can cause corrosion?
a) Differences between weld metal, heat affected zone, and parent metal
b) Differences in thickness between adjacent plates
c) Improper fit-up of the welded joint
d) Slag inclusion in the weld metal
83
9. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding oxygen concentration of the

electrolyte.
a) Oxygen concentration in the electrolyte has no impact on the corrosion cell
10
b) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become anodic and areas of higher

concentrations become cathodic.
c) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become cathodic and areas of higher
concentrations become anodic
d) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become acidic and areas of higher
concentrations become alkaline
80
10. Soil characteristics substantially affect what?

a) What type of product may be stored in the tank
b) What the maximum fill height of the tank is
c) The type and rate of corrosion on a structure in contact with soil
d) Perk rate for dissipation of small leaks from the tank bottom

11. What is another term used for "stray currents"?
a) Short circuits
b) Positive currents
c) Impressed currents
d) Interference currents
12. The most common and potentially the most damaging stray currents are:
W
a) Direct currents
b) Alternating currents
35
c) Intermittent currents
d) Close proximity alternating currents
13. Which of the following is not likely to be a source of stray currents?
25
a) Static electricity
b) Welding machines
c) Impressed current cathodic protection systems
d) Railroads

83
14. Two metals with different compositions connected in an electrolyte is a general
description of:
a) A battery
b) A current suppressor
c) A short circuit
10
d) Galvanic corrosion
15. All but one of the following is listed as major factors which influence the severity of
internal corrosion. Which is not a factor?
80
a) The pH level of the fluid in contact with the steel bottom

b) The amount of nitrogen in the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
c) Suspended solids in the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
d) Conductivity of the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
16. Three major types of internal corrosion to be considered are general corrosion, pitting
corrosion, and to a lesser extent in tanks, environmental cracking.
a) True
b) False

Answers to API-651 Section 4, corrosion of Aboveground Steel Storage Tanks

1 A
2 D
3 B
4 B
W
5 C
6 C
35
7 D
8 A
9 B
10 C
11 D
12 A
25
13 A
14 D
15 B
16 A
83
10
80
Section 5 - Determination of Need for Cathodic Protection
1. API Recommended Practice 651 states that the need for cathodic protection must be
determined for all storage facilities. Decisions governing the need for cathodic protection
should be based on all but which of the following?
a) Data from corrosion surveys and operating records
b) National Board and ASME recommendations
c) Prior test results with similar systems in similar environments
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d) National, state, and local code requirements and the recommendations in API-651
35
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1
2. When should corrosion control by cathodic protection for new ASTs be provided?
a) After final welding and before hydrostatic testing
b) After all stress relief has been carried out
c) In the initial design
25
d) After the tank is in service for 6 months
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1.1
3. Generally tanks in petroleum service use ______ on the internal surfaces to control
internal corrosion.
83
a) AC Current instead of DC current cathodic protection systems
b) Coatings
c) Cathodic protection in conjunction with coatings
d) Since pure hydrocarbon fluids are usually not corrosive experience shows that
internal corrosion will never occur therefore, corrosion control is not necessary
10
4. Cathodic protection is an effective means of corrosion control only if it is possible to pass

electrical current between what two components?
a) Anode and cathode
b) Tank shell and roof support system
80
c) Roof to bottom through roof support structures

d) Tank shell and tank bottom
5. A full evaluation of tank history should be performed prior to _______.

a) Filling the tank for the 25th time
b) Painting the exterior surface of the tank
c) Temporarily removing the tank from service
d) Determining the need for cathodic protection

6. Such items as site plan, soil properties, previous repairs, existing cathodic protection of
nearby structures, maintenance history, and expected life should be investigated and
determined when conducting the ____________.
a) Evaluation of the location of a refinery
b) Probability study of tank settlement
c) Evaluation of tank design/construction history
d) Evaluation of tank repairs and alterations
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.2.1.1
W
7. Of the following items which is not an item that should be investigated and determined in
35
the evaluation of types of service?
a) Type of product stored
b) Product temperature
c) Ambient temperature
d) Presence and depth f water bottoms
25
8. Such items as tank inspections per API Standard 653, corrosion rate records, stray current
problems, design and performance of previous protection systems, and structure-to-soil
potential surveys should be investigated and determined when conducting the ______.
a) Evaluation of tank repair/alteration/construction history
83
b) Evaluation of tank design/construction history
c) Evaluation of types of service
d) Evaluation of inspection/corrosion history

10
9. The cushion material under the tank has a significant effect on external corrosion of the
tank bottom. The material can also influence:
a) The effectiveness and applicability of external cathodic protection
b) The effectiveness and applicability of internal cathodic protection
c) The decision to use or not use a rectifier or DC generator set to supply current
d) The type of product that may be stored in the tank
80
10. What is an advantage of using fine particles for the cushion material?
a) The fine particles should be uniform which makes it easier to transport
b) Fine particles provide a more dense cushion to help reduce the influx and outflow
of oxygen
c) Fine particles will not permit the passage of product should a leak occur in the
tank bottom
d) Fine particles will hold moisture longer permitting it to stabilize and prevent acid
from forming in the electrolyte

11. What is the main disadvantage in using large size particles in the soil cushion material?
a) The large particles may puncture the tank bottom
b) The large particles may trap moisture and allow general corrosion to form
c) If large particles are used, differential aeration corrosion may result where the
particles contact the tank bottom
d) The large particles are more difficult to transport
W
12. A soil resistivity of about 1250 OHM-CM would indicate the soil is probably ____.
a) Mildly corrosive
35
b) Very corrosive
c) Corrosive
d) Moderately corrosive
25
13. The results of soil resistivity surveys can be used to determine ________.
a) When it is time to replace the cushion material under the tank bottom
b) The need for cathodic protection
c) The amount of compression of the cushion material under the tank
d) The best place to install a corrosion test bed
83
14. A properly designed concrete tank cushion constructed on stable, properly prepared
subsoil may be effective in all but which of the following?
a) Cracks in the tank bottom weld seams
b) Intrusion of groundwater
10
c) Soil-side corrosion
d) The need for cathodic protection
15. Cracks through the concrete cushion may permit water and contaminants to permeate to
80
the steel tank bottom and provide a path for proper electrical current flow.
a) True
b) False
16. Corrosion of the steel tank bottom installed on a concrete cushion may result from
moisture accumulation caused by all but which of the following?
a) Condensation
b) Blowing snow or rain
c) Humidity in the air surrounding the tank
d) Flooding

17. Why would it be more important to provide proper support under cushions of new asphalt
than for concrete?
a) Asphalt is inherently alkaline and therefore does not have the potential of
preventing corrosion
b) Asphalt is not inherently alkaline and therefore does not have the potential of
preventing corrosion
c) Asphalt may degrade and become a corrosive substance
d) Asphalt may crack allowing moisture to reach the tank bottom where it will react
violently with the asphalt and the steel tank bottom
W
35
18. How can the condition of the external surface of tank bottom and the asphalt cushion be
determined?
a) Raise the entire tank and inspect the tank bottom and the asphalt
b) Take a core sample from the asphalt for testing. This test will reveal the amount
of steel that has gone into solution and been trapped in the asphalt
25
c) Conduct a soil resistivity survey around the periphery of the tank containment
d) By cutting coupons from the tank bottom
19. A soil analysis reveals the pH of a native soil cushion to be 6.25. This soil is considered
83
to be:
a) Moderately corrosive
b) Mildly corrosive
c) Corrosive
d) Very corrosive
10
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.4.1 and Table 2
20. A soil analysis reveals the sulfates level of a native soil cushion to be 5525ppm. This soil
is considered to be
a) Moderately corrosive
b) Mildly corrosive
80
c) Corrosive
d) Very corrosive
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.4.1 and Table 2
21. What is the most common material used as a cushion beneath storage tank bottoms?
a) Clean concrete
b) Clean sand
c) Clean Asphalt
d) Clean modified aggregate

22. The use of oiled sand beneath tank bottoms does not eliminate the need for cathodic
protection and in fact may cause cathodic protection to be less effective because:
a) The oiled sand has higher resistivity
b) The sand is unable to conduct electrical current
c) The oil acts as an insulator and blocks all current flow
d) The oil creates a vapor bearer entrapping water and contaminants next to the tank
bottom
W
23. There are several ways the tank cushion can become contaminated. Three of the
35
following are methods of cushion contamination, which one is not?
a) In coastal areas salt spay may be washed down the side of the tank
b) Fertilizer from spraying operations in rural areas
c) Airborne chemicals from industrial operations
d) Residual build-up of electrons in the sand cushion
25
24. Leakage of product from the tank bottom can cause accelerated corrosion by creating
____.
a) Stray current corrosion
b) Corrosion cells where none existed before
83
c) More positively charged electrons
d) A film that would block electrical current flow
25. When a layer of crushed-limestone or clam-shell is used for the tank cushion, why is it
10
important to ensure the particles are fine and uniform?

a) Large particles could puncture the tank bottom
b) Differential aeration corrosion cells will cause pitting at contact areas between the
large particles and the metal
c) Large particles may allow the formation of dissolved gas pockets which could
become a hazard if hot tap work is performed on the tank bottom
80
d) Large particle will eventually fracture and create voids in the tank cushion
26. What is an advantage of using crushed-limestone or clam-shell under tank bottoms?

a) This material is plentiful and relatively inexpensive
b) Contamination is easier to detect because of discoloration
c) Water from rain or groundwater makes the environment under the tank alkaline,
which may reduce corrosion
d) The use of this material eliminates the need for cathodic protection

27. Heated tanks or tanks storing hot product can cause:
a) Increased water intrusion due to causing snow to melt and run down the tank sides
b) Excessive drying out of concrete foundations resulting in premature deterioration
and failure
c) Accelerated corrosion on the internal surface especially in tanks with water
bottoms
d) Accelerated corrosion on the external surface due to elevated temperature is the
area is wet
W
35
28. There are a variety of methods for secondary containment, which of the following is not
an accepted method of secondary containment.
a) Dual bottom tank design
b) Sand bags
c) Use of impervious clay pad in tank dike
d) Impervious nonmetallic membrane
25
29. During the installation of a new steel bottom over an existing steel bottom, which has
been repaired, if water or other electrolyte intrudes into the annulus, what can happen?
a) A galvanic cell may form which will cause the new steel tank bottom to corrode
83
at an accelerated rate
b) An electrochemical reaction may take place creating hazardous gasses
c) A galvanic cell may form which will cause the old tank bottom to corrode at an
accelerated rate
d) A galvanic cell may form which will turn the old tank bottom into an anode
10
30. With the installation of _____ in a diked area prior to new tank construction, most
cathodic protection systems are rendered ineffective.
a) A secondary containment system utilizing a perforated impervious membrane
b) A secondary containment system utilizing an impervious membrane
80
c) A secondary containment system utilizing a metallic impregnated screen

membrane
d) A secondary containment system utilizing a non-impervious membrane

Answers to API-651 Section 5, Determination of Need for Cathodic
Protection

1 B
2 C
3 B
W
4 A
5 D
35
6 C
7 C
8 D
9 A
10 B
11 C
25
12 D
13 B
14 A
15 B
16 C
17 B
83
18 D
19 C
20 D
21 B
22 A
23 D
10
24 B
25 B
26 C
27 D
28 B
80
29 A
30 B
Section 6- Methods of Cathodic Protection for Corrosion Control
1. What is the basic principle that makes cathodic protection effective.
a) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the entire
surface of the metal to be protected act as the rectifier
b) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the entire
surface of the metal to be protected act as the corrosion cell
c) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the entire
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surface of the metal to be protected act as the cathode
d) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the entire
35
surface of the metal to be protected act as the anode
2. What are the two systems of cathodic protection?

a) Galvanic and repressed current
25
b) Galvanic and impressed current
c) Galvanic and reversed current
d) Galvanic and induced current

83
3. Galvanic cathodic protection systems use a metal, that is more active than the structure to
be protected, to supply the current required to stop corrosion. What is another term(s)
used to describe this material?
a) Anode, commonly referred to as a galvanic or sacrificial anode
b) Cathode, commonly referred to as a galvanic or sacrificial cathode
c) Ribbon cathode, commonly referred to as a sacrificial ribbon cathode
10
d) Impressed current anode, commonly referred to as the impressed anode
4. Where on the galvanic series is clean and shiny mild steel?

a) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of –1.1 volts
80
b) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of –1.0 volts

c) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of –0.8 volts
d) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of –0.5 to -0.8 volts
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 6.2.1 and Table 3
5. The most common metals used as galvanic anodes in soil are:

a) Lead and copper
b) Aluminum alloy (5% zinc) and Mild steel (clean and shiny)
c) Magnesium and zinc
d) Mild steel in concrete and cast iron

6. Of the following, which is not an advantage of galvanic cathodic protection systems?
a) No external power is needed
b) Capital investment is low for small-diameter tanks
c) Method is limited to use in low-resistivity soils
d) Interference problems (stray currents) are rare
7. Impressed current cathodic protection systems use:
W
a) Alternating current
b) Direct current usually provided by a rectifier
35
c) Direct current usually provided by a dry cell battery
d) Either direct current or alternating current depending upon which is available
8. Of the following, which is not a disadvantage of impressed current cathodic protection
25
systems?
a) High current output
b) High maintenance costs
c) High operating costs
d) High capital cost for small installations
83
9. A cathodic protection rectifier has two major components; what are they?
a) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying elements
to convert DC to AC output
b) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying elements
to convert AC to DC output
10
c) A step-down transformer to reduce the DC supply voltage and rectifying elements

to convert DC to AC output
d) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying elements
to regulate the AC output

80
10. Impressed current anodes used in soil are not made of:
a) Graphite
b) High silicon cast iron
c) Zinc
d) Mixed metal oxides on titanium
11. Impressed current anodes may be installed underneath the tank.

a) True
b) False
Answers to API-651 Section 6, Methods of Cathodic Protection for Corrosion
Control

1 C
2 B
3 A
W
4 D
5 C
35
6 C
7 B
8 A
9 B
10 C
11 A
25
83
10
80
Section 8 – Criteria for Cathodic Protection
1. API-651 provides criteria for determining the adequacy of cathodic protection of
aboveground storage tanks. What document is referenced for a more detailed description?
a) ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination
b) API-Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
c) API-Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
d) NACE RP-01-69
W
35
2. In determining if adequate cathodic protection is being achieved, which of the following
would be correct?
a) A negative (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with cathodic current applied
b) A positive (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with cathodic current applied
c) A negative (cathodic) potential of at least 85.0 mV with cathodic current applied
25
d) A positive (cathodic) potential of at least 85.0 mV with cathodic current applied
3. How must the required negative potential be measured?

a) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper sulfate
83
reference electrode (CSE) contacting the metal tank bottom
b) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper sulfate
reference electrode (CSE) contacting the electrolyte
c) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper sulfate
reference electrode (CSE) contacting the metal casing of the rectifier
d) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper sulfate
10
reference electrode (CSE) contacting the positive terminal of the power source

would be correct?
80
a) Negative polarized potential of at least 8.50 mV relative to a CSE

b) Negative polarized potential of at least 85.0 mV relative to a CSE
c) Negative polarized potential of at least 850 mV relative to a CSE
d) Negative polarized potential of at least .850 mV relative to a CSE
5. Name a common method of measuring polarized potential.

a) Measuring the distance between the tank bottom and the anode
b) Measuring the AC current relative to the DC current
c) Using the “instant on” method
d) Using the “instant off” method
would be correct?
a) A minimum of 1000 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
bottom metallic surface and a standard reference electrode contacting the
electrolyte
b) A minimum of 850 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
electrolyte
c) A minimum of 100 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
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electrolyte
35
d) A minimum of -0.85 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
electrolyte
25
7. The standard method of determining the effectiveness of cathodic protection on a tank
bottom is the __________ measurement
a) Resistivity
b) DC current
c) Tank-to-soil
d) Interference current
83
8. How is the tank-to-soil potential measurement performed?

a) This measurement is performed using a low-impedance voltmeter and a stable,
reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
10
b) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and a stable,

regenerative reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
c) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and a stable,
reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
d) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and an
unstable, non-reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
80
9. Tank-to-soil potential measurements are typically taken with current applied; however,
corrections for ______ in the soil must be made.
a) IW drop(s)
b) IR drop(s)
c) ER drop(s)
d) IE drop(s)

10. Correction for IR drop in the soil is often necessary for measurements made at the tank
perimeter even if the reference electrode is placed immediately adjacent to the tank. This
is especially true if ______ is/are close to the tank.
a) Distributed anodes
b) The cathodic protection power supply rectifier
c) The sacrificial anode
d) The DC power supply (battery)
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11. Monitoring the actual structure-to-soil potential under the tank should be considered.
35
How can this be accomplished?
a) Permanently installed reference electrode or by burying reference electrode every
20 feet around the perimeter of the tank
b) Inserting a reference electrode under the tank through a perforated tube or
attaching a reference electrode to the tank shell
c) Permanently installed reference electrode or by inserting a reference electrode
25
under the tank through a perforated tube
d) Permanently installed bare copper wire connected to the tank bottom or by
inserting a reference electrode under the tank through a perforated tube

83
12. Other standard reference electrodes may be substituted for the saturated copper/copper
sulfate reference electrode. Which of the following is not a common substitute?
a) Reference electrode ➪ Zinc, Voltage ➪ +0.25
b) Reference electrode ➪ Saturated KCI calomel Voltage ➪ -0.78
c) Reference electrode ➪ Silver/silver chloride Voltage ➪ -0.80
d) Reference electrode ➪ Aluminum alloy (5% zinc) Voltage ➪ +0.08
10
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 8.4 and Table 4

80
Answers to API-651 Section 8, Criteria for Cathodic Protection

1 D
2 A
3 B
4 C
W
5 D
6 C
35
7 C
8 C
9 B
10 A
11 C
12 D
25
83
10
80
Section 11 –
Operation and Maintenance of Cathodic Protection Systems
1. Why is it important to conduct potential surveys when there is an adequate liquid level in
a tank?
a) Bottom-to-electrolyte potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
portion of the tank in contact with the soil but when the tank is full and all of the
bottom is in contact, protection may not be sufficient
W
b) Bottom-to-anode potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
35
c) Bottom-to-cathode potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
d) Bottom-to-electrolyte potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
25
bottom is in contact, protection may be far more than necessary
2. Measurements of the native structure-to-soil potential should be made ________.

a) Immediately after any cathodic protection system is energized
83
b) Within two days after any cathodic protection system is energized
c) Within 6 months after any cathodic protection system is energized
d) Prior to energizing a new cathodic protection system

10
3. After a system has been energized, it may take _____ for polarization to a steady state to
take place.
a) Two and a half years
b) One year
c) Several months
d) Fifteen minutes
80
4. To ensure the effectiveness of cathodic protection, how often should cathodic protection
surveys be taken?
a) Every two years
b) Annually
c) Bi-annually
d) Quarterly

5. How often should all sources of impressed current be checked?
a) At intervals not exceeding two years
b) At intervals not exceeding one year
c) At intervals not exceeding two months
d) At intervals not exceeding two weeks
W
6. Tank bottoms shall be examined for evidence of corrosion at least once each year by
conducting an internal inspection and taking coupon cutouts.
35
a) True
b) False
7. Records to demonstrate the need for corrosion control measures should be retained for
25
a) 5 years
b) 10 years
c) 15 years
d) As long as the facility remains in service

83
8. Records related to the effectiveness of cathodic protection should be retained for a
______ period unless a shorter period is specifically permitted by regulation
a) 5 years
b) 10 years
c) 15 years
10
d) As long as the facility remains in service

80
Answers to API-651 Section 11,
Operation and Maintenance of Cathodic Protection Systems

1 A
2 D
3 C
W
4 B
5 C
35
6 B
7 D
8 A
25
83
10
80

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PI 653 CERTIFICATION COURSE FOR

REF : API-653, - 3.7

2) A __________ is a device used to determine the image quality of a radiograph.

REF : ASME Section V, T-233

(a) Repaired or replaced; (b) Found to be acceptable;

REF : API-653, 4.2.1.2

4) A double-welded butt joint is defined as :-

REF : API 650, 3.1.1.1

(a) 18; (b) 15; (c) 24; (d) 30.

REF : API 650, APP. C. 3.11

6) A formal Visual External inspection by a qualified inspector shall be done atleast :-

REF :API 653, 6.3.2.1

(a) 24; (b) 8; (c) 18; (d) 12

REF : API 653, 12.3.1.1

8) A full-fillet weld is a weld that :-

(a) not less than 1/3 the thinner plate;

(b) the legs equal the thickness of the thinner plate;

REF : API 650 3.1.1.7

(a) not permitted; (b) permitted;

REF : API 653 – 9.13.4 & Fig. 9-5

(a) may be waived by the Owner / Operator; (b) is required;

REF : API 653, 12.3.1.1 (a)

REF : API 650, 6.4.3 (a)

12) A procedure qualification record (PQR) shall address :-

(a) non-essential variables;

(d) (d) both (b) and (c)

REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-200.2

(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3

REF : ASME Section V, T-282.1

(a) acceptable; (b) unacceptable;

REF : API-653, 10.5.2.1

REF : API-653, Table 4-2

17) A self-supporting cone roof :-

(a) is formed approximately to the surface of a right cone;

REF : API 650 3.10.1 (a)

18) A shell to bottom fillet weld for a Grade IV material shall be

REF : API 650 3.1.5.7 c

(a) 4.0; (b) 1.8; (c) 2.0; (d) 1.3.

REF : ASME Section V, T-282

20) A supported cone roof :-

REF : API 650 3.10.1 (a)

(a) 7.825"; (b) 8.062"; (c) 8.125"; (d) 8.325"

(a) A high voltage detector in accordance with NACE RP0188;

REF : API-652, 7.3.2

(a) The weld has no crater cracks or other surface cracks.

REF : API 650 6.5.1

REF : ASME Section V, T-276

REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-461.9

27) A welder who is qualified using a double-groove weld :-

(a) is also qualified to make a single V-groove weld without backing;

REF : ASME Section IX, QW-402.2

(a) One foot; (b) One and a half feet;

REF : API-653, 11.2.2

(a) 3/16 to 3/4; (b) 1/16 to 3/4;

REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-451.1

REF : ASME Sec IX, QW-451.1

REF : ASME Section IX Forward

(a) 2000 barrels; (b) 300 barrels;

REF : API 651-1.2.1