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    Teaching Notes For Curriculum Studies 3

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    The document discusses five approaches to curriculum studies: behavioral, managerial, systems, humanistic, and re-conceptualist. The behavioral approach focuses on goals and objectives. The managerial approach emphasizes the principal's leadership role. The systems approach examines how school parts relate. The humanistic approach considers the whole child. The re-conceptualist approach aims to emancipate society through free choice.

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    Teaching Notes For Curriculum Studies 3

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    mwansashadrick100
    6 views2 pages
    The document discusses five approaches to curriculum studies: behavioral, managerial, systems, humanistic, and re-conceptualist. The behavioral approach focuses on goals and objectives. The managerial approach emphasizes the principal's leadership role. The systems approach examines how school parts relate. The humanistic approach considers the whole child. The re-conceptualist approach aims to emancipate society through free choice.

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    Curriculum studies

    Original Title

    TEACHING NOTES FOR CURRICULUM STUDIES 3

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    The document discusses five approaches to curriculum studies: behavioral, managerial, systems, humanistic, and re-conceptualist. The behavioral approach focuses on goals and objectives. The managerial approach emphasizes the principal's leadership role. The systems approach examines how school parts relate. The humanistic approach considers the whole child. The re-conceptualist approach aims to emancipate society through free choice.

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    6 views2 pages

    Teaching Notes For Curriculum Studies 3

    Uploaded by

    mwansashadrick100
    The document discusses five approaches to curriculum studies: behavioral, managerial, systems, humanistic, and re-conceptualist. The behavioral approach focuses on goals and objectives. The managerial approach emphasizes the principal's leadership role. The systems approach examines how school parts relate. The humanistic approach considers the whole child. The re-conceptualist approach aims to emancipate society through free choice.

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    of 2

    TEACHING NOTES FOR CURRICULUM STUDIES 3

    APPROACHES TO CURRICULUM STUDIES


    Curriculum practitioners and implementers may use one or more approaches in planning,
    implementing, and evaluating the curriculum.
    According to Bilbao, et al., (2008), the following are the five curriculum approaches:
    1. Behavioural Approach:

    This is based on a blueprint, where goals and objectives are specified, content and
    activities are also arranged to match with learning objectives.

    The learning outcomes are evaluated in terms of goals and objectives set out at the
    beginning.

    This approach started with the idea of Fredrick Taylor which is aimed to achieve
    efficiency.

    In education, behavioural approach begins with educational plans that starts with the
    setting of goals or objectives. These are the important ingredients in curriculum
    implementation as evaluating the learning outcomes as a change of behaviour.

    The change of behaviour indicates the measure of the accomplishment.

    2. Managerial Approach

    In this approach, the principal is the leader and at the same time instructional leader
    who is supposed to be the general manager.

    The general manger sets the policies and priorities, establishes the direction of change
    and planning and organising curriculum and instruction.

    School administrators are less concerned about the content than about organisation
    and implementation.

    They are less concerned about the subject matter, methods and materials than
    improving the curriculum.

    Curriculum managers look at curriculum changes and innovations as they administer


    the resources and restructure the schools.

    Some of the roles of the Curriculum Supervisors are the following:

     Help develop the school’s education goals


     Plan curriculum with students, parents, teachers and other stakeholders
     Design programme of study by grade levels

    Page 1 of 2
     Plan or schedule classes or school calendar
     Prepare curriculum guides or teacher guides by grade level or subject area
     Help in the evaluation and selection of textbooks
     Observe teachers
     Assist teachers in the implementation of the curriculum
     Encourage curriculum innovation and change
     Develop standards for curriculum and instructional evaluation

    3. Systems Approach

    This was influenced by systems theory, where the parts of the total school district or
    school are examined in terms of how they relate to each other.

    The organisational chart of the school represents a systems approach.

    It shows the line-staff relationships of personnel and how decisions are made.

    The following are of equal importance:


    a) Administration
    b) Counselling
    c) Curriculum
    d) Instruction
    e) Evaluation

    4. Humanistic Approach

    This approach is rooted in the progressive philosophy and child-centred movement.

    It considers the formal or planned curriculum and the informal or hidden curriculum.

    It considers the whole child and believes that in curriculum the total development of
    the individual is the prime consideration.

    The learner is at the centre of the curriculum.

    5. Re-conceptualist Approach

    This approach reflects an existentialist orientation.

    Proponents argue that the aim of education is not to control instruction in order to
    preserve existing orders.

    Instead, the purpose of education is to emancipate society from traditional, outmoded


    orders through individual free choice.

    Page 2 of 2

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