2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin

Section A [45 marks]

Answer all questions.

1. A function f is defined by

{
3+ e x , x< 0
f ( x ) 3+ x , 0 ≤ x<5
2
5.5 , x ≥5
Determine lim f (x ) and lim f (x ). Hence, state the values of x, where f is discontinuous. [6]
x →0 x →5

2. A curve is defined implicitly by the equation yx3 – 3xy – 4y + 6 = 0.

dy
(a) Find in terms of x and y. [3]
dx
(b) Find the equations of tangents that are parallel to x-axis. [3]

2
1
3. (a) show that ∫ x e dx= (5 e +1)
3x 6
[5]
0 9
2

(b) Hence, find the exact value of ∫ x e dx .

2 3x
[4]
0

dy
4. Find the particular solution of the differential equationcot x − y =2sin x which satisfies the
dx
3 √2 π
condition of y= when x= . [8]
2 4

5. Find the Maclaurin series for sin2 x using the series for cos2x. [4]
2 2
sin x−x
Hence, find lim 4 .
x →0 x
[3]

6. (a) Show that the equation x 3−5 x+ 1=0 has a real root which lies between x = 0 and x = 1.
[2]
(b) Show that the iterative formula which derived from the above equation can be written in the
1 3
form x n+1= √3 5 x n−1 or x n+1= ( x n+ 1 ). [2]
5
(c) Using x 0=0.5 , show that only one of these formulas will enable to find a root and determine
this root correct to four decimal places. [5]

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2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
Section B [15 marks]
Answer one question only.

5−2 x
7. The equation of a curve is y= 2 .
x −4
dy
(a) Find the coordinate of the stationary points and use the sign of to determine their nature.
dx
[6]
(b) State all the equations of asymptotes and hence sketch the graph. [6]
2
(c) Determine the set of values of k for which the equation 5 – 2x = k(x – 4) does not have any
real roots. [3]

1 dy 3
d y
. Show that ( 1−x )
2
8. (a) Let y= =xy and =0 when x = 0.
√ 1−x 2 dx dx
3

Obtain the Maclaurin’s expansion of y up to and including the term in x2. [5]
−1 3
Hence, find the Maclaurin’s expansion of y=sin x up to and including the term in x . [2]

3
(b)(i) Sketch the graphs y=e x and y= on the same coordinate’s axes. [2]
x−2
Hence, deduce that the equation e x ( x−2 )−3=0has only one positive real root. [2]
(ii) Using the Newton-Raphson method, with the first approximation x1 = 2, find the real root
correct to three decimal places. [4]

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2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

Differentiation
d
 ( sin−1 x )= 1 2
dx √ 1−x
d
 ( tan−1 x ) = 1 2
dx 1+ x


d
( cos−1 x ) = −1 2
dx √1−x
d

dx
[ f ( x ) g (x) ]= f ( x ) g ( x )+ f ( x ) g ' (x )
'

( )
'
d f ( x) f ( x ) g ( x )−f ( x ) g '(x )
 =
dx g( x ) [ g(x ) ]
2

Integration
f ' (x)
 ∫ f ( x)
dx=ln |f ( x )|+ c

dv du
 ∫ u dx dx =uv−∫ v dx dx

Maclaurin series
2 r
x x x
 e =1+ x + + …+ + …
2! r!
2 3 r
x x r +1 x
 ln ( 1+ x )=x− + −…+ (−1 ) + … , −1< x ≤1
2 3 r
3 5 2r +1
x x r x
 sin x=x− + −…+ (−1 ) +…
3! 5! ( 2r +1 ) !
2 4 2r
x x r x
 cos x=1− + −…+ (−1 ) +…
2! 4 ! (2 r )!

Numerical methods
Newton-Raphson method
f ( xn)
x n+1=x n − '
, n=0 , 1 ,2 , 3 , …
f ( xn )

Trapezium rule
b

∫ y dx ≈ 12 h [ y 0 +2 ( y 1+ y 2+ …+ y n−1 ) + y n ] , h= b−a
n
a

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2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
Marking Scheme
1. A function f is defined by

{
3+ e x , x< 0
f ( x ) 3+ x , 0 ≤ x<5
2
5.5 , x ≥5
Determine lim f (x ) and lim f (x ).
x →0 x →5
Hence, state the values of x, where f is discontinuous. [6]
1 lim ¿ lim ¿ 1
−¿
x→ 0 f ( x ) = lim 3+ e ¿ ¿
x
+¿ x
−¿ x→ 0 f ( x ) = lim 3+ ¿¿
x →0
x→0
+¿
2
= 3 + e0 0
=3+1 = 3+
2
=4 =3

lim ¿ 1
−¿
x→ 0 f ( x ) ≠ lim ¿¿ ¿ +¿
x→ 0 f (x)

∴ lim f ( x ) does not exists

x→0
lim ¿ lim ¿ 1
+¿
−¿ x x→ 5 f ( x )= lim 5.5 ¿¿
x→ 5 f ( x ) = lim 3+ ¿¿ x→5
+¿

x →5 2 −¿

5 = 5.5
= 3+ and
2
f(5) = 5.5
= 5.5

lim ¿ 1
−¿
x→ 5 f ( x ) = lim f ( x ) ¿ ¿ = 5.5
−¿
x →5

∴ lim f ( x ) = 5.5 , limit exist

x→ 5

lim ¿
−¿
x→ 5 f ( x ) = lim f ( x ) =f (5 )¿¿
−¿
x →5

lim f ( x )=f (5) , f(x) continuous at x = 5

x →5 1,1
lim f ( x ) does not exists, hence g is discontinuous at x = 0
x →0

2. A curve is defined implicitly by the equation yx3 – 3xy – 4y + 6 = 0.

dy
(a) Find in terms of x and y. [3]
dx
(b) Find the equations of tangents that are parallel to x-axis. [3]

2 a) yx3 – 3xy – 4y + 6 = 0
3 dy 2 dy dy 1
x +3 x y−3 y−3 x −4 =0
dx dx dx
dy 3 1
( x −3 x−4 ) =3 y−3 x 2 y
dx
2 1
dy 3 y (1−x )
=
dx x 3−3 x−4
b) Parallel to x-axis
dy
=0
dx
1

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2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
2
3 y (1−x )
3
=0
x −3 x −4
3y(1 – x2) = 0
3y(1+x)(1 – x) = 0
y = 0, x = –1 , x = 1
Not answer

x = –1, y(–1)3 – 3(–1)y – 4y + 6 = 0 x = 1, y – 3y – 4y + 6 = 0 1

– y + 3y – 4y = –6 –6y = –6
–2y = –6 y=1
y=3

The equation of tangents that are parallel to x-axis are y = 3 and y = 1 1

2
1
3. (a) show that ∫ x e dx= (5 e +1)
3x 6
[5]
0 9
2
(b) Hence, find the exact value of ∫ x e dx .
2 3x
[5]
0
3 a) u = x v’ = e3x
3x
e
u’ = 1 v=
3
1, 1

[ ]
2 2 2
e3 x e3 x
∫ x e dx= x ∙ 3 −∫ 3 dx
3x
1
0 0 0

[ ]
3x 3x 2
xe 1 e 1
¿ − ∙
3 3 3 0

[ ]
2
x e3x e3 x
¿ − 1
3 9 0

( )( )
6 6
2e e 1
¿ − − 0−
3 9 9
1
¿ ( 5 e +1 )
6
9
b) u = x2 v’ = e3x
3x
e
u’ = 2x v=
3
1,1

[ ]
2 2 2
e3 x 2 xe3 x
∫ x e dx = x ∙ 3 −∫ 3 dx
2 3x 2

0 0 0
1
[ ] ∫
2 2
x2 e3 x 2 3x
¿ − x e dx
3 0 3 0 1

[ ] [ ]
2 e
2 6
2 1( 6 ) 1
¿ −0 − 5 e +1
3 3 9
6 6
4 e 10 e 2
¿ − −
3 27 27
26 6 2
¿ e−
27 27

5
2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
dy
4. Find the particular solution of the differential equation cot x − y =2sin x which satisfies the
dx
3 √2 π
condition of y= when x= . [8]
2 4
4 dy
cot x − y =2sin x
dx
dy 1 2sin x
− y= 1
dx cot x cot x
2
dy 2sin x 1
−tan x y=
dx cot x
Integrating factor = e∫ −tan x dx 1
∫ −sin
cos x
x
dx
¿e
ln ¿cos x∨¿ ¿ 1
¿e
= cos x

( ) ( )
2
dy 2 sin x
−tan x y cos x = cos x
dx cot x
d 2 1
y cos x=2 sin x
dx
y cos x=∫ 2 sin x dx
2

1
¿ ∫ 1−cos 2 x dx
sin 2 x
y cos x=x− +c
2 1
3 √ 2 x= π
When y= , , 1
2 4
sin 2 ( π4 ) + c
( 3 √22 )cos ( π4 )=( π4 )− 2

( 3 √22 )( √22 )=( π4 )− 12 +c

π
c=2−
4
sin 2 x π
particular solution is y cos x=x− +2−
2 4

5. Find the Maclaurin series for sin2 x using the series for cos2x. [4]
2 2
sin x−x
Hence, find lim 4 . [3]
x →0 x
5 2
sin x=
1−cos 2 x ( 2 x )2 ( 2 x )4 ( 2 x )6 1
4 , cos 2 x=1− + − +…
x 2! 4! 6!
1

2
sin x=
1− (
( 2 x )2 ( 2 x )4 ( 2 x )6
2!
+
4!
−
6!
+… ) 1
2
4 6 1
2 2 x 64 x
2x − + +…
3 720
¿
2

6
2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
4 6
x 2x
2
¿x − + +…
3 45
4 6 1
2 2 x 2x 2 2
sin x−x +x− +…−x
lim 3 45
x →0 x
4
¿ lim 4 1
x→ 0 x

( )
2
−1 2 x 1
¿ lim + +…
x→ 0 3 45
−1
=
3

6. a) Show that the equation x 3−5 x+ 1=0 has a real root which lies between x = 0 and x = 1. [2]
b) Show that the iterative formula which derived from the above equation can be written in the form
1 3
x n+1= √ 5 x n−1 or x n+1=
3
( x + 1 ).
5 n
[2]
c) Using x 0=0.5 , show that only one of these formulas will enable to find a root and determine this root
correct to four decimal places. [5]
6 a) Let f ( x )=x 3−5 x +1
x = 0, f(0) = 1 > 0
x = 1, f(1) = -3 <0 1
Since f is continuous and f(0) and f(1) have different signs, there is a real root lies between x = 0 1
and x = 1.

b) x 3−5 x+ 1=0 3
x −5 x+ 1=0
3 3
x =5 x−1 5 x=x + 1
x=√ 5 x−1
3 3
x +1
x=
x n+1= √ 5 x n−1
3
5 1,1
1 3
x n+1= ( x n+ 1 )
5
c) Let F(x) = √
3
5 x−1 1 3
Let G(x) = ( x +1 )
' 1 3
−2 5
F ( x )= ( 5 x−1 ) (5) ' 1 2
3 G ( x )= (3 x )
−2 5
5 3
¿ ( 5 x−1 ) ' 3 2
3 G ( 0.5 )= (0.5) 1
−2 5
' 5 = 0.15
F ( 0.5 ) = ( 5(0.5)−1 ) 3
3 |G ( 0.5 )|<1
'
1
= 1.272
Iteration converges,
|F ' ( 0.5 )|>1 1 3
Iteration diverges,  x n+1= ( x + 1 ) is suitable to be used.
5 n
 x n+1= √ 5 x n−1 is not suitable to be used.
3

1 3
d) x n+1= ( x + 1)
5 n
x0 = 0.5
1 1
x1 = ( ( 0.5 )3+ 1 ) = 0.22500
5
1
x2 = ( ( 0.22500 ) + 1 ) = 0.20228
3
5 1
x3 = 0.20166
x4 = 0.20164 1

7
2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
x5 = 0.20164
 x = 0.2016 (4dp)
Hence, the root is x = 0.2016 (4dp)
5−2 x
7. The equation of a curve is y= 2 .
x −4
dy
(a) Find the coordinate of the stationary points and use the sign of to determine their nature. [6]
dx
(b) State all the equations of asymptotes and hence sketch the graph. [6]
(c) Determine the set of values of k for which the equation 5 – 2x = k(x2 – 4) does not have any real
roots. [3]
7 5−2 x
(a) y= 2
x −4
1
dy ( x −4 ) (−2 )−(5−2 x)(2 x)
2
= 2
dx ( x 2−4 )
2 (−x 2 + 4−5 x +2 x 2)
¿ 2
( x 2−4 )
2
2(x −5 x+ 4)
¿ 2
( x 2−4 ) 1
2 ( x−1 )( x−4 )
¿ 2
( x 2−4 ) 1
dy
Stationary point, =0
dx
2 ( x−1 )( x−4 ) 1
2
=0
( x 2−4 )
(x – 1)(x – 4) = 0
x = 1, x = 4
5−2(1)
x = 1, y= =1
1−4
5−2(4 ) −1
x = 4, y= 2 =
4 −4 4

(
 Coordinates of stationary points are ( 1 ,−1 ) and 4 ,−
1
4 )
When x = 1 When x = 4
x 1- 1 1+ x 4- 4 4+
dy + 0 - dy - 0 +
dx dx
slope slope
1
1
 ( 1 ,−1 ) is a maximum point
(
 4 ,−
1
4 )
is a minimum point

5−2 x 5−2 x 1,1

b) y= 2
y= 2
x −4 x −4
asymptotes: 5 2x
− 2
when y →± ∞ , x 2−4=0 x
2
x
x=± √ 4 y=
4
¿±2 1− 2
x
8
2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin
Vertical asymptotes are x = 2 and x = -2 When x → ± ∞ , y →0
Horizontal asymptote is y = 0
 asymptotes are x = -2 , x = 2 and y = 0 1
−5 y 1
y-intercept: x = 0 , y = 1
4
x-intercept: y = 0 , x = 2.5 1

x
-2 0 (1, -1) 2
(1,)
y=k
x= -2 x= 2

c) 5-2x = k(x2 – 4)
5−2 x 1
2
=k
x −4
−1 1
Let y = k , the location from the graph that has no real roots is between -1 and
4 1
1
Hence, equation 5 – 2x = k(x – 4) does not have any real roots if −1<k ←
2
4

{
 set values of k is k :−1< k ←
1
4
, kϵR }
1 2 dy
3
d y
8. (a) Let y= 2 . Show that
( 1−x ) =xy and =0 when x = 0.
√ 1−x dx 3
dx
Obtain the Maclaurin’s expansion of y up to and including the term in x2. [5]
Hence, find the Maclaurin’s expansion of y=sin−1 x up to and including the term in x3. [2]

3
(b)(i)Sketch the graphs y=e x and y= on the same coordinates axes. [2]
x−2
Hence, deduce that the equation e x ( x−2 )−3=0has only one positive real root. [2]
(ii) Using the Newton-Raphson method, with the first approximation x1 = 2, find the real root correct
to three decimal places. . [4]
8 1
(a) y=
√ 1−x 2
y √ 1−x 2=1
y 2 ( 1−x 2 )=1 1
dy
y (−2 x ) + ( 1−x ) ( 2 y ) =0
2 2
dx
2 dy
−xy + ( 1− x ) =0 1
dx
( 1−x 2 ) dy =xy
dx 1

9
2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin

( )
2
( 1−x 2 ) d y2 + dy (−2 x )=x dy + y (1) 1
dx dx dx
2
( 1−x 2 ) d y2 −3 x dy = y
dx dx
3 2 2
( 1−x 2 ) d y3 − d y2 (−2 x ) −3 x d y2 + dy (−3 )= dy
d x dx d x dx dx
3 2
( 1−x 2 ) d y3 −5 x d y2 −4 dy =0 1
dx dx dx

1 2 3 1
y= dy d y d y
When x = 0, = 1, =0, =1, =0
√ 1−(0)2 dx dx
2
dx
3

3
d y
 3 =0 when x = 0 shown
dx
1
0 1 2 0 3
y=1+ x + x + x +…
1! 2! 3!
1 2
¿ 1+ x + …
2

1
sin x=∫
−1
dx
√1−x 2
1 2
¿ ∫ 1+ x + … dx
2
3
−1 x
sin x ≈ x + +C
6

When x = 0, sin−1 x=0 , C = 0

3
x
∴ sin−1 x ≈ x +
6

(b)(i) 1
y x
1
y=e

1
3
y=
x−2
2 x
-1.5

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2023-2-NS-SMK Mantin

x 3
e =
x−2
x
e ( x−2 )−3=0 1
1
Since the graphs intersect each other at only one point at first quardrant. Therefore the
intersection point show that the equation e x ( x−2 )−3=0 has only one positive real root.
(ii) let f ( x )=e x ( x−2 )−3
x x
f ' ( x)=e ( 1 ) + ( x−2 ) e
x
¿ e (x−1) 1
x
e ( x −2 ) −3
n

x n+1=x n − x n
e (x n−1)
n

1
x1 = 2
2
e ( 2−2 )−3
x2 = 2− = 2.4060
e2 (2−1)
1
e2.4060 ( 2.4060−2 )−3
x3 = 2.4060− 2.4060 = 2.3096
e (2.4060−1)
x4 = 2.3007 1
x5 = 2.3006
x5 = 2.3006
 x = 2.301 (3dp)
The real root is 2.301 (3dp)

11