BMATE201 – Module 3 – Laplace Transform

3.1 Laplace Transform of elementary functions

Definition:

Let be a real valued function defined for .

Laplace transform of is given by .

Laplace transform of some standard functions:

1. 5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

8.
4.

Proof:

1.

2.

1
3.

4.

If is a positive integer, And hence

5.

6.

7.

8.

2
Laplace transform of elementary functions:
1. Find the Laplace transform of

2. Find the Laplace transform of

3. Find the Laplace transform of

4. Find the Laplace transform of

5. Find the Laplace transform of

6. Find the Laplace transform of

3
7. Find the Laplace transform of

8. Find the Laplace transform of

9. If then find

4
10. If then find

5
 3.2 Properties of Laplace Transforms

Property 1: and
1. Find Laplace transform of

2. Find Laplace transform of

3. Find Laplace transform of

4. Find the Laplace transform of

6
 Property 2:

5. Find the Laplace transform of

6. Find the Laplace transform of

7. Find the Laplace transform of

8. Find the Laplace transform of

7
 Property 3:
9. Find the Laplace transform of

10. Find the Laplace transform of

11. Find the Laplace transform of

8
 12. Find the Laplace transform of

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 3.3 Laplace transform of periodic functions
Definition:
A function is said to be periodic if
Example:

Laplace transform of periodic function:

If is a periodic function of period T,

Note:

Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of the periodic function defined by

2. If and find

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 3. Find the Laplace transform of

4. A periodic function of period is defined by

Find

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 5. For a periodic function of period 4 defined by

find

6. If , , Then show that

Proof:

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 Note:

7. A periodic function of period is defined by

Prove that , where and are constants.

Proof:

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 3.4 Laplace transform of unit step function

Introduction:

 Unit step function: Unit step function of Heaviside function is given by

 Application:

(1) If then

(2) If then

 Laplace transform of unit step function:

 Important results:

1. Find the Laplace transform of

2. Find the Laplace transform of

3. Find the Laplace transform of

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4. Find the Laplace transform of

5. Find the Laplace transform of

6. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

7. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

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8. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

9. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

10. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

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11. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

sin2 + ]

12. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace

transform:

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 3.6 Solution of Linear Differential Equations
Introduction:

Laplace Transform of the derivatives:

Working rule:
 Express the given differential equation using and
 Take Laplace transform on both sides.
 Apply Laplace transform of the derivatives formula.
 Substitute the initial conditions.
 Obtain as a function of
 Obtain using inverse Laplace transform.

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 1. Solve the initial value problem
by using Laplace transforms.

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

Put
Put
Equating terms,

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 2. Solve the equation , given that .

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

Put ,

Equating terms,

Equating terms,

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 3. Solve the equation , given that .

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put and ,

[By partial fraction]

Taking the inverse Laplace transforms,

This is the required solution.

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 4. Solve the IVP , given that by
using Laplace transform.

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

, By partial fractions

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 5. Using the Laplace transform method, Solve the initial value problem,

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

[By partial fractions]

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

.
This is the required solution.

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 6. Solve the equation with , using
Laplace
transform.

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put and ,

, [By partial fractions]

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 7. Solve the equation given that .

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

[By partial
fraction

Taking inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 8. Solve the IVP, , , using the
Laplace transforms.

Taking Laplace transform,

Put

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 9. Solve , under the conditions .

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

------ (1)

Taking and respectively,

These give

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 10. Solve the initial value problem , with the conditions
.

Taking the Laplace transform,

Put

[By partial fractions]

Taking the inverse Laplace transform,

This is the required solution.

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 11. Solve the equation under the conditions

Given equation is
Taking the Laplace transform of the given equation, we obtain

Using the given conditions, this becomes

using the partial

Taking the inverse Laplace transform of this, we obtain

This is the required solution.

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 3.7 Convolution Theorem
If and then .

1. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And 1

By convolution theorem,

Therefore,

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2. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And

By convolution theorem,

Therefore,

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3. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And

By convolution theorem,

Therefore,

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4. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And

By convolution theorem,

Therefore,

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5. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And

By convolution theorem,
Therefore,

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6. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate

Let

Then

And

By convolution theorem,

Therefore,

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