Answers Stepping Stones H3 - Theme 1

At the end of this chapter, you will be
able to:
* use words that have to do with describing
people and social interactions
Part one * start and maintain a conversation
Getting started * express (dis)agreement
A Watching
* use some, any, every, no + compounds
B Theme words correctly
C Reading * use gerunds and infinitives correctly
D
E
Speaking & Stones
Writing & Grammar
* use questions and negations in the past
and present correctly
Countries & Cultures
Part two
F Listening
G Reading
H Speaking & Stones
I Writing & Grammar
The choice is yours!
Learning corner
* Vocabulary
* Stones
* Grammar
Task + Test Yourself
Reading Matters
reading/listening A2
speaking/writing A2
thirty-six Chapter 1
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Chapter thirty-seven
1

getting started
A2 I can use words, grammar and sentences I learned during my first and second
year correctly.
A words
1 Remember the words?
Complete the text using the words below. There are three words you can’t use.
Choose from:
abroad – border – community – environment – experience – foreign – global –
language – to be aware of – to contribute – to discover – to share
Why do you love to travel?

I just did a short survey that included friends from all over the world on why
they love to travel. Here’s what they had to (1)share !
Abigail ‘The most rewarding aspect of travelling is the (2) experience itself and not
the goodies you bring back home with you. It’s really about being
(3) aware of the world around you, realising that we’re all
part of our world-wide (4) community. But it’s also a reality check.
When travelling (5) abroad you really notice the effects of
(6) global warming on the (7) environment , especially in the
Arctic region.’
Matt ‘It’s fun to learn about (8) foreign cultures, but if you travel with an open
mind, you also discover things about yourself you would not have learned otherwise.
For me, it’s as much about self-discovery as anything else. Oh, and learning naughty
words in a different (9) language is great fun as well ’
2 More words
Write a short text about the world around you and your place in it. You can give
your opinion of your country or write about how you connect with others in your
neighbourhood, for example.
– Use (one of) the pictures on the next page for inspiration.
– Include at least four of the words from exercise 1.
– Write 60-80 words.
38 thirty-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Example key: I really like my neighbourhood. It’s a really varied community with
lots of people who have foreign roots. The community centre organises lots
of events every year, which I really like, but it’s also a great venue to share
experiences and make new connections. Next summer, our community centre is
going to organise a children’s camp and I’m planning to volunteer.
B Grammar
3 Remember the rule?
Complete the sentences by circling the correct word: some or any.
1 In some / any countries it is forbidden to chew gum in public.
2 A lot of people don’t have some / any idea who their neighbours are.
3 Did some / any of your photos come out well?
4 I can speak some / any French, so I’ll be fine on holiday in Paris.
5 The journalists interviewed some / any local people for their article.
6 Life is hard in a city without some / any friends.
4 More grammar
Have another look at the blog post from exercise 1. Write your own text about
your love 0f travelling. Use a separate piece of paper.
– Don’t just focus on the journey and the destination, but also on what
travelling has taught you.
– Write 60-80 words. Use any and some in your text.
– If you haven’t been on a trip or a holiday recently, you can make up a
destination.
If you want to practise some more with the words and with some & any,
use Slim Stampen.
Ready to start your mission?
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 thirty-nine 39

A Watching
A2 I can pick up substantial information in short recordings about predictable,
everyday matters.
Are you doing the exercises online? This is where you can get extra help and
follow your own learning path.
5 Before watching
You’re going to learn about the importance of first impressions. Do you think first
impressions matter when watching a video? Discuss with a classmate.
6 During watching
a Read the strategy.
Strategy First impressions

Videos can evoke emotions, make you think, or teach you something. Your first
impression determines whether you would like to watch the rest of the video.
The first impression you get of people is strongly associated with their image. Your
image says something about how you would like other people to see you. Online, many
people are focused on their image: they post pictures on Instagram or use a special
avatar for gaming, for example. Take note: image is not the same as identity. Identity is
about who you are, and image is about how you would like others to see you.
A video can communicate a lot about someone’s image and identity through camera
shots, voice-overs and music.
b Watch the video on Stepping Stones online. Use three words to describe your
first impression of Robbie.
Example key: sporty, fun-loving, quick

c ‘As a kid, the playground was my world. Now, the world is my playground,’
Robbie says in the clip. Explain in your own words what he means by this.
Example key: Robbie uses the city as a playground where he can climb and
jump over buildings and walls.
7 After watching
Answer the questions.
a Now that you’ve seen Robbie’s video, do you know more about his image or
his identity? Explain your answer.
Example key: I know more about his image, because Robbie only shows us
what he wants us to see. We learn a little bit about his identity through his
voice-overs, but we don’t know if what he tells us is true.

40 forty Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

b Image is very important for vloggers. Explain why you think that is.
Example key: Image is important for vloggers because they are dependent
on the number of views they get. If the viewers don’t like the vlogger’s image,
they won’t watch their videos.
c Many vloggers are influencers who earn money by promoting products. Read
the statement below. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain
your answer.
Statement: ‘Promoting products in a video is bad for a vlogger’s image.’
Example key: I disagree. Vloggers can promote products they genuinely like
and that fit their image.
d Team up with a classmate. Together, discuss your own online behaviour. Does it
differ from your behaviour in real life? Use image and identity in your discussion.
8 Vocabulary
Complete each sentence by filling in the correct word. Choose from:
addictive – first impression – to analyse – to explore – to stand out
1 Some games can be really addictive. You just can’t stop playing them.
2 When I finish school, I want to travel the world and explore other cultures.
3 My maths teacher is really cool. He stands out from the other teachers.
4 We should analyse these results carefully. They will give us a lot of information.
5 You never get a second chance to make a first impression.
9 Speaking
a Team up with a classmate. Look at these people and their avatars. Together,
talk about the following:
– What are the differences between the pictures and the avatars?
– Which pictures show image and which show identity?
b Now draw your own avatar on a separate piece of paper. When you’re done,
show it to your classmate. Ask how they would describe your avatar’s image
and tell them whether you agree or not.
Study Vocabulary A Watching on page 76. Use Slim Stampen to practise your vocabulary.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-one 41

B theme words
A2 I know words related to character traits and social interactions and I can use
them correctly.
10 Song
a Look up Have it all by American singer-songwriter Jason Mraz and listen to
the song. Read the lyrics and answer the questions.
Jason Mraz Have it all

May you have auspiciousness and causes of success
May you have the confidence to always do your best
May you take no effort in your being generous
Sharing what you can, nothing more nothing less
May you know the meaning of the word happiness
May you always lead from the beating in your chest
May you be treated like an esteemed guest
May you get to rest, may you catch your breath
And may the best of your todays

be the worst of your tomorrows
And may the road less paved
be the road that you follow
Well here’s to the hearts that you’re gonna break

Here’s to the lives that you’re gonna change
Here’s to the infinite possible ways to love you
I want you to have it
Here’s to the good times we’re gonna have

You don’t need money, you got a free pass
auspiciousness voorspoed
Here’s to the fact that I’ll be sad without you
esteemed gewaardeerde
I want you to have it all
infinite oneindig
b The song is about positive things the singer hopes the listener will
experience. Write down at least three of them.
success, confidence, generosity, happiness, rest
c What are some of the things you wish others would experience? Complete
the lines. Try to make them rhyme!
May you live a long and healthy life
May you overcome your fears and continue to thrive
And may you always have the will to survive
42 forty-two Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

11 Find out the meaning
a Look at the Theme words. Tick the words in the box that you already know.
Look up the translations of the words you don’t know in the Learning corner.
Write them down.
THEME WORDS Describing people

 childish kinderachtig  polite beleefd
 (dis)respectful (on)eerbiedig  sensible verstandig
 earnest serieus  sensitive gevoelig
 harsh hard  sincere oprecht
 (in)tolerant (in)tolerant  stubborn koppig
 judgmental veroordelend  superficial oppervlakkig
 open-minded ruimdenkend  thoughtful attent
 persistent aanhoudend  (un)interested (on)geïnteresseerd
Some words have multiple Dutch translations. You can find more translations in the Learning corner.
b The Theme words can be divided into words that express a positive or negative
attitude about something or someone. Pick two positive and two negative
Theme words and use each one in a sentence.
1 Example key: I don’t like to sound judgmental, but it really was a big mistake.
2 Someone who is superficial only cares about appearances.
3 Karen was sincere in her wish to help us.
4 It is sensible of you to follow her advice.
12 Talk to a classmate
Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the word pairs in the box. Discuss with
your classmate whether the two words have a similar or opposite meaning, or
whether there is another connection. If necessary, use a dictionary.
Example: open-minded – tolerant: similar.
They have almost the same meaning: both express a willingness to accept or
respect what is different in others.
sensible - sensitive open-minded – tolerant
stubborn – childish
respectful – polite superficial – thoughtful
harsh – intolerant sincere – earnest
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-three 43

13 Write down the words
Have a look at the picture. Write down the correct Theme words.
1
3
4
2
5
1 stubborn
2 harsh

3 polite

4 open-minded
5 childish

Write them down.
THEME WORDS Social interactions

 acquaintance kennis  to blend in erbij horen
 colleague collega  to break up het uitmaken
 companion kameraad  to have in common gemeen hebben
 (in)formal (in)formeel  to help each other out elkaar helpen
 loyal trouw  to lose touch with contact verliezen
 mutual friend gemeenschappelijke met
vriend  to share with delen met
 outcast buitenbeentje  to spend time with tijd doorbrengen met
 peer leeftijdsgenoot  trust vertrouwen
Do you know all the words?

b Team up with a classmate. Together, discuss which two Then take the online Quiz!
Theme words apply to yourself and which two to your
classmate. Explain your answers to each other.
44 forty-four Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

15 Play the game
Form a group of three. You are going to play a game with the Theme words.
Before you begin, decide who is going to be the quizmaster and who are going to
be the contestants.
– The quizmaster turns to speech card 1 in Talking Matters on page 251.
He/she reads the questions aloud. The contestants are not allowed to see
these questions!
– The contestant who knows the answer, calls out his/her name. Then he/she
answers the question when the quizmaster says so.
– The quizmaster keeps the score.
– The contestant with the most correct answers wins the game.
REFERENCE Refresh your memory: read the strategy on Studying vocabulary in
the Yellow Pages on page 202.
16 Solve the puzzle

Have a look at the sentences below. Every gap needs a Theme word to complete
the sentence. Solve the puzzle by filling in the correct Theme words.
down
1[ 2[
1 A dog is a faithful ...
c c
2 Someone who works in the
5Y l o y a l o
same organisation is called
a ... m l
3 You should wear a tie. It’s a 3[ p l
... dinner.
f a 6Y p e e r
4 Their partnership was
based on ... and respect.
o 4[ n a
across
r t i g
5 The troops remained ... to
m r o u
the president. 7Y a c q u a i n t a n c e
6 ... pressure among young l s
people is strong.
t
7 Kayleigh is not a close
friend of mine,
just an ...
Look at the Theme words that you did not tick and learn them by heart.
Use Slim Stampen to practise the Theme words.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-five 45

C Reading
A2 I can find and understand specific information in simple, everyday materials.
17 Before reading
You’re going to read a text about laughing. Apart from a reaction to a joke, write down
two other examples of situations in which you laugh or smile.
I laugh or smile when Example
key: I see my classmates in the morning
or when Example key: my father pulls a funny face.
18 During reading
a Read the strategy. Then, read No laughing matter.
Strategy Quoting from a text

A quote, or quotation, is a piece of text that you copy from a larger piece of text. This
can be a word, a part of a sentence, a whole sentence or even a couple of sentences.
When you want to quote from a text, you start with single quotation marks (‘). Copy
the first two words, add (...) to indicate you’ve left out a piece, and end again with
single quotation marks (’).
For instance, if you want to quote the first sentence of this strategy block, it goes as
follows: ‘A quote (...) of text.’
Remember the following:
– If you’re quoting a whole sentence, start with a capital letter.
– If you’re only quoting part of a sentence, don’t start with a capital letter, but with a
lower case one.
No laughing matter
1 [1] Laughter. Everyone would agree that life would behaviour - and laughter falls into that category.
feel pretty awful without it. But what is it exactly However, it is a surprisingly under-researched topic,
that makes us laugh, and why? With her extensive considering how often we laugh. Instead, most
research on the subject, Professor Sophie Scott, 15 psychological research seems to focus on negative
5 who also moonlights as a stand-up comedian, is the emotions. People tend to think that laughter is too
expert to talk to. Her conclusion: in order to get our trivial a matter to be researched. Yet, at the same time,
funny bones tickled, we seriously need each other. we all know that a simple smile is what it takes to
completely change the mood of people. That is why
First of all: why are you studying 20 I think that in order to understand ourselves and our
laughter? relationship to others better, we can learn a lot from
10 [2] I’m very interested in how our brain supports our laughter.
human communication. In particular, our vocal
46 forty-six Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

You say laughter is under-researched. with someone they are close to, so we invite friends
Why do you think it deserves to be along. In addition, we discovered that one of the
25 researched more? best laughing triggers is watching someone who is
[3] Well, first of all, as I mentioned: we do it a lot. One shown something funny but is not allowed to laugh.
of the best estimates I’ve seen suggests that in social 75 This has proven to be a guaranteed success. You can
situations, people laugh around seven times every ten compare these types of techniques to the classic
minutes. And secondly, it is a social behaviour that is staring contest. You are probably familiar with these
30 simply very important to us. Think about your own and know how quickly you find yourself laughing
life for a moment: when and where do you laugh? at someone who is trying not to laugh. How about
Probably when you are out spending time with 80 when someone tells a joke and two people are in a
friends, right? Research shows that we laugh about laughing fit together? Seeing the other person laugh
thirty times more when we’re with other people than is funnier than the initial joke itself. This is also a
35 when we’re alone. The reason why we laugh more in good example of laughing becoming contagious. This
company is because we want others to like us and is the reason, by the way, that comedy shows on TV
to bond with us. Laughing helps a great deal with 85 often use laughing tracks.
that because it makes us feel connected to others

and creates a sense of belonging. On top of that, we Could you explain a bit more how
40 also use our laughter and smiles in situations where these laughing tracks work?
we greet, flirt or want to show our agreement or [7] Well, the interesting story is that they became
understanding. a necessity when people started enjoying
90 entertainment on the TVs in their own homes. Before
So is laughing always considered a those days, entertainment was always a shared

positive phenomenon? experience in a theatre or circus, for example. Back
45 [4] Well, laughter also works the other way around. then, people were always part of an audience and
Take, for example, the situation where you missed therefore part of a group of people laughing. As soon
out on a joke or didn’t quite get it, and everyone is 95 as this was moved to the living room, people did not
laughing - except for you. Then you can really feel seem to get all the cues, and interestingly would not
lost for a second, or you may even feel excluded. This find the same jokes as funny as when they would
50 is a big deal for us because belonging to a group be in a theatre. That’s why they ingeniously came
is one of the most basic necessities as humans. up with laughing tracks, which instantly made the
An even worse experience is being laughed at 100 comedians on screen seem funnier. It proves again
by a group. Laughter then purposefully excludes that we really depend on each other to have a good
someone from a group, and on top of that, makes laugh.
55 them feel inferior.
Adapted from: rsb.org

You’ve been doing stand-up comedy as
a way of telling people about your work.
Has studying the science of laughter
helped you become a better comedian?
60 [5] No, unfortunately not. I love doing it though, I
think because I’m a huge show-off. When someone
first suggested it to me, I couldn’t think of anything
worse, but then I did it and I had so much fun. I would
really recommend it to other scientists as a way of
65 telling people about their work.
How do you make people laugh for

your research?
[6] Discovering that is actually one of the best parts
of my job - and also the hardest part. First of all, we
70 found out that people laugh the most when they are
moonlights werkt in de avonduren ingeniously vindingrijk

vocal gesproken
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-seven 47

b Answer the questions using the strategy.
1 Which question sums up the topic of No laughing matter? Quote it from
the introduction.
‘But what (...) and why?’
2 Professor Scott mentions an estimate of how frequently people laugh.
Quote this sentence from paragraph 3.
‘One of (...) ten minutes.’
3 With regard to sharing scientific research with others, what advice does
Professor Scott have for her colleagues? Quote it from paragraph 5.
‘I would (...) their work.’
c Have another look at No laughing matter. Answer the questions.
1 ‘Her conclusion: in order to get our funny bones tickled, we seriously
need each other.’ (introduction) To whom does the ‘we’ refer?
A  everybody
B  Sophie Scott and her interviewer
C  stand-up comedians and their audience
D  professors and their research volunteers
2 According to the text, laughter hasn’t been researched much. Why not,
according to paragraph 2? Write down two reasons.
People think laughter is not important enough.
Psychological research usually focuses on negative emotions instead.
3 Professor Scott is asked whether laughing is always a positive phenomenon
no
(paragraph 4). Her answer in one word would be:  yes 
4 Explain your answer to question 3.
Laughter can also be negative, for example when you’re being excluded or
being laughed at.
5 Explain in your own words why laughing tracks were added to comedy
shows. (paragraph 7)
The sound of others laughing in the audience works as a signal as to when
things are experienced as funny by a large group of people.

d Explain the title: No laughing matter.
‘No
laughing matter’ is an expression that means ‘very serious’. According
to
Professor Scott, laughter is indeed a serious research topic. The title
also
works as a play on words.
48 forty-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

19 After reading
Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the pictures below. They show examples of different types
of humour: slapstick, puns and stand-up comedy. Discuss with your classmate which one suits you
best and why. If necessary, go online to learn more about these types of humour.
20 Vocabulary
Complete the sentences with the correct words.
Choose from: cue – contagious – to exclude – extensive – in company – in order to – necessity – trivial
1 Our cue to yell ‘surprise!’ was the moment the lights were turned on.
2 It is not an absolute necessity to go to the hairdresser’s every month.
3 I prefer travelling in company to making a trip all by myself.
4 You have to call the helpdesk in order to get the support that you need.
5 Hay fever is not contagious. It’s triggered by pollen.
6 We don’t wish to exclude anyone from our group. Everyone is welcome to join.
21 Writing
Some people say that you are allowed to joke about anything – without
exceptions. Write a short text of about 75-100 words in response to this
statement. Consider the following:
– Is every joke allowed?
– Does it matter if someone’s hurt by your jokes?
– Are there topics you’d rather not joke about?
Example key: I think you should be able to joke about a lot of topics – but not
everything. The context and intention, I feel, are important. If you only mean to
hurt someone with your joke, I don’t think it’s right or even funny to do so. Also,
I think personal jokes can be funny when you’re joking about politicians or other
powerful people. When you’re joking about people that are less fortunate, the
joke is no longer funny in my opinion. I’d rather not joke about things a person
cannot control: their background, their looks, etc.
Study Vocabulary C Reading on page 77. Use Slim Stampen to practise your vocabulary.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-nine 49

d speaking & stones
A2 I can start a conversation and help to keep it going.
22 Stone
a Read Stone 1.
Stone 1 Starting and maintaining a conversation

How was your weekend? Did you go anywhere interesting?
has your week been? do anything fun?
I spent the weekend helping out at a music festival in the park.
volunteering at an international summer camp.
Really? Are you into volunteering? What do you like best about it?
working with children? made you decide to take this up?
Camping with children is something I’ve never done. Would you recommend it?
Volunteering at festivals sounds like an interesting experience. What was it like?
The beach? That reminds me, I went to Blackpool Beach this summer.
Speaking of volunteering, ‘m going to help out at a beach clean-up tomorrow.
Going to festivals is my favourite pastime. In fact, I went to one last week.
is a blast. Actually, ‘ve just bought tickets for one.
Anyway, it was lovely talking to you. You know what? I might join you for the clean-up.
Well, nice meeting up with you. look into volunteering myself.
You can listen to the Stone on Stepping Stones online.
b Team up with a classmate. Think of something interesting you’ve recently

done. Describe this experience to your classmate. Your classmate asks you
questions about it and has to use at least three phrases from the box on the
next page. Switch roles after you’ve finished.
50 fifty Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

really? that reminds me in fact
interesting recommend
speaking of anyway exciting

Write them down.
THEME WORDS Keeping a conversation going

 actually eigenlijk  in fact in feite
 anyway hoe dan ook  I was wondering ik
vroeg me af
 apparently blijkbaar  No way! Echt niet!
 Are you serious? Meen je dat?  speaking of over ... gesproken
 as I was saying zoals ik zei  that reminds me dat herinnert me eraan
 by the way trouwens  to be honest om eerlijk te zijn
 Guess what? Raad eens?  You know what? Weet je wat?
 if you ask me als je het mij vraagt  You’re kidding! Je maakt een grapje!
b Listen to My weekend. Indicate which function the Theme words have in the conversation.
1 Really? I didn’t ...
A  emphasising something
B 
 expressing surprise
2 As I was saying, it was ...
 going back to a point made earlier
A 
B  repeating something that someone else hasn’t heard
3 Apparently, it is ...
 indicating that something becomes clear from evidence
A 
B  showing uncertainty about something you’ve heard
4 Anyway, it must have been ...
A 
 changing the subject
B  supporting an idea just mentioned
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 fifty-one 51

24 Talk about the fact files
Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the fact files below.
Pick one fact file each.
– Start a conversation using the information from the fact file.
– Ask each other follow-up questions about these experiences.
– Keep the conversation going until you’ve covered all the info in your fact file.
– End the conversation appropriately.
Take some time to prepare. You can add interesting details to your experience.
Use the Stone and Theme words.
FACT FILE: ASHTON FACT FILE: AMY
Where home town Where Germany

Experience helped a Experience just
sports team from abroad returned from an
during a sports international scouting
tournament event
25 Play the game

Team up with two classmates. You’re going to play a game. Go to the Cutting
Sheets on page 257 and cut out the cards with the Theme words. Shuffle them
and give each player four cards.
– Have a look at the mind map below about netiquette (how to behave on the
Internet) and start a conversation about it. For instance: I was wondering
whether you ever experienced cyberbullying?
– Encourage your classmates to go into greater detail by asking questions.
– The first one that manages to include all four cards wins.
NO cyberbullying
NO insults rules
responsibility NETIQUETTE respect
social (online) behaviour
52 fifty-two Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

26 Talk about getting involved
a Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the pictures. They show different
ways to get involved in your community.
– Pick two community activities and tell your classmate about them.
– Keep the conversation going by asking follow-up questions.
– Switch roles after you’ve talked for two minutes.
– Use Stone 1 and the Theme words.
b Swap books and fill in the evaluation form for your classmate. What went
well and what could be better next time? Write it down in the tip box.
Evaluation form Filled in by:
He / She has …
Content talked about getting involved in the community and
…
asked good (follow-up) questions.
Vocabulary used Theme words to keep the conversation
…
going.
Sentences used the Stone and changed it to fit the
…
situation.
Tip:
Study Stone 1 on page 50. Have a look at the Theme words that you did not
tick and learn them by heart. Use Slim Stampen to practise the Theme words
and Stones.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 fifty-three 53

e writing & GrammAr
A2 I can use compounds with some-, any-, every- and no- correctly, as well as
gerunds and infinitives.
re you doing the exercises online? This is where you can get extra help and
A
27 Find out the rule

a Read the poem. Have a look at the words in bold and answer the questions.
Someone… somewhere So, whenever you’re lonely

Dreams of your smile Remember something is true
And while thinking of you Someone… somewhere
Thinks that life is worthwhile Is thinking of you
Adapted from: poemhunter.com
1 The words in bold are called compounds: they consist of two words that have
been joined. Write down which two words these compounds are made of.
Someone is a combination of some and one
Somewhere is a combination of some and where
Something is a combination of some and thing
2 Now circle the correct answer.
Someone says something about a: place / thing / person
Somewhere says something about a: place / thing / person
Something says something about a: place / thing / person
b Have a look at Grammar 1. Did you find the correct rule? yes / no
GRAMMAR 1 Compounds with some-, any-, every- and no-

You have learned about some and any. No and every are also quantifiers. You can use these
quantifiers to make compounds. Compounds are formed by using some, any, no and every
in combination with the following words: -thing (for things), -body / one (people), -where
(places).
Note! The compound no- + -one is written as two words: no one.
I found somebody/one who can help you. I don’t think anybody/one is home.
There is nothing I can do about it. Everywhere I look I see flowers.
EFERENCE You can find more information on when to use some, any, no and every in the
R
Grammar Survey on page 240.
Do you want the grammar explained to you again? Then watch the grammar
instruction clip online.
54 fifty-four Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

c Now apply the rule. Complete the compounds in these sentences.
1 The house is empty. No body/one is home.
2 Some thing is missing from this cake. I know! It needs frosting.
3 I can’t find a parking spot any where.
28 Complete the dialogue

a Complete the dialogue using correct compounds.
Tim Are you doing anything nice this weekend?

Petula I don’t think so. My mum doesn’t want to go anywhere because
she has been working all week. What about you? Anything special
planned?
Tim We always go somewhere on Sundays. Usually, we visit my grandparents.
Petula That is nice! I would love to go somewhere this weekend.
Everybody/one is away during the weekend and there is
nobody / no one to hang out with.
Tim Why don’t you come along? Then I have somebody to hang out with.
My grandparents won’t mind.
Petula I would like that very much!
b Team up with a classmate. You’re going to tell a story together. Take a piece of
paper. Cut out small cards. Make 3 cards with the word some, 3 with any and
3 with every. Put them in one stack. Also make 3 cards with the word thing,
3 with where and 3 with one/body. Put them in another stack. Draw a card
from each stack and think of a sentence with that compound. Take turns.
Make sure all your sentences together make a story.
Example: some + one Someone wrote me a letter the other day.

some + thing The letter was about something quite interesting.
29 Rewrite the sentences

a Read Grammar 2 on the next page. Rewrite the sentences below using the
gerund. If present, use the clues in brackets.
Example: Kelly’s favourite thing to do is to sleep. (use: to like)
Kelly likes sleeping very much.
1 We don’t like to eat a lot of meat. (use: to avoid)
We avoid eating meat.
2 We think Brussels sprouts aren’t very tasty. (use: to dislike)
We dislike eating Brussels sprouts.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 fifty-five 55

3 To ride a roller coaster is something I could do every day. (use: to love)
I love riding roller coasters.
4 We don’t have a cat anymore. It was nice having him in the house. (use: to miss)
I miss having a cat around the house.
GRAMMAR 2 Gerunds and to + infinitive

A verb + -ing (gerund) is a verb that is used as a noun and always ends in -ing. It is often
used after specific verbs, such as: to (dis)like, to love, to miss and to avoid.
Going to parties can be fun. I like baking cookies. We avoid travelling during
rush hour.
Some verbs in English can be followed by to + infinitive. Examples of these verbs are: to hope, to ask,
to refuse, to expect.
I hope to be a famous singer He asked to join our team. We refuse to use plastic
one day. straws.
To + infinitive can also be used after the object of the sentence.

I asked him to read a book. We invited a friend to Please remind your brother
come along with us. to wash the dishes.
To + infinitive can also be used after many adjectives that you use to express an opinion.
It is not easy to do two things It is wonderful to have a He is happy to help you.
at once. lot of friends.
REFERENCE You can find a complete list of verbs to use with

gerunds and to + infinitive in the Grammar Survey on page 235. Do you get the grammar?
Then take the online quiz!
b Write complete sentences, using to + infinitive and the clues given. Use your
imagination.
Example: hope – travel
I hope to travel the world one day.
1 to ask – to clean
He asked me to clean my room.
2 to refuse – to use
We refuse to use plastic bottles.
3 to expect – to receive
I expect to receive a lot of presents.
4 difficult – to do
Jumping and clapping are very difficult to do at the same time.
5 happy – to buy
I would be happy to buy you dinner tonight.
56 fifty-six Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

30 Complete the message
Complete the email with the correct words. Use compounds with some-, any-, every- and no-,
as well as gerunds and infinitives.
Hi,
My name is Cindy, I am 14 years old and I live in Boston. I love
(1) meeting/to meet (to meet) new people from all over
the world. Also, (2) learning (to learn) a new language
is (3) some thing I really enjoy (4) doing
(to do). I already speak English, Italian and a little bit of
Spanish. I also love (5) experiencing/to experience (to
experience) new cultures and see how they differ from my own.
My friends and I like (6) to travel/travelling (to travel), so maybe we could meet up
(7) some where in the future. I want (8) to hear (to hear) all about the
things that you like to do and (9) every thing about the country you live in.
Hope to hear from you! Cindy
31 Write the reply

Have another look at the pen pal ad from exercise 30 and write a reply.
Use compounds with some-, any-, every- and no-, the gerund and to + infinitive. Use 50-75 words.
REFERENCE Look up Writing an email in the Yellow Pages on page 211.
Example key: Dear Cindy, I read your message! Just like you I like being
active. I love playing rugby and doing things outdoors. I prefer eating
healthy because I need to keep fit. I go jogging twice a week with someone
who is from Australia. He tells me everything about growing up in
Australia, which is very interesting. I think it’d be nice to be your pen pal!
Hope to hear from you! Kind regards, Duncan
Use Slim Stampen to practise the grammar.
You’re halfway through your mission! You already know how to:
use words that have to do with describing people and social interactions
start and maintain a conversation
use compounds with some-, any-, every- and no- correctly
use gerunds and infinitives correctly
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 fifty-seven 57

and
Location: New Zeal
0
Population: 4,866,00
tres
erdam: 18,520 kilome
Distance from Amst
S ha r i n g y o u r b r e at h
The Elders of the Maori explain that the literal
meaning of hongi is sharing of breath. It is made
up of two little words. The first is ho which
means the exchanging of the breath of life from
one person to another when you touch each
other’s nose. The second word is ngi which can be
translated as being thankful for a gift you received.
So by touching two noses together, they are able

to show respect for life and also for each other.
This greeting is very special, because if you have
been a part of it, you are no longer considered to
be a manuhiri (visitor) but tangata whenua, which
The Maori are the indigenous people from the means one of the people of the land.
island country of New Zealand. Their native
language, Te Reo Maori, and their customs are a Adapted from: whitewolfpack.com
big part of New Zealand’s culture. One of the most
common Maori customs is the traditional hongi
greeting. This ancient greeting is performed by
pressing one’s nose and forehead against another indigenous people oorspronkelijke bewoners
person’s nose and forehead. native inheemse, oorspronkelijke
Elders oude en wijze leden van
een gemeenschap
58 fifty-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

32 Explore
Go to Stepping Stones online and open the map. Click on
the hotspots and do the exercises.
33 Down under
Australia and New Zealand are neighbouring countries
that share the English language and the nickname Down
Under, but each country has a completely different native
history. Go online and search for facts about the Aboriginal
Australian culture. Write a short article about three facts
that you find most interesting.
34 Greeting rituals
Read the text about the Maori greeting ritual hongi. Go
online to further investigate greeting rituals. Pick three
English-speaking countries that have interesting greeting
rituals. Make a poster presentation in which you present
these three rituals.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 fifty-nine 59

f listening
A2+ I can follow changes of subject in a formal discussion about things I know a lot about.
you doing the exercises online? This is where you can get extra help and
Are
35 Before listening
a The box below shows six sentences in different languages. Write down which
language you think they’re from.
1 La vida es bella
2 жизнь прекрасна
3 La vita è bella 4
5 ே⏕ࡣ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸
6 livet är vackert
1 Spanish 3 Italian 5 Japanese

2 Russian 4 Farsi (Persian) 6 Swedish
b The sentences all have the same meaning. Write down what you think the
English translation is.
Life is beautiful.
c Team up with a classmate and compare your answers. To check your answers,
go online and find out which languages are shown in the box by using Google
Translate or another website. Which of the languages do you think would be the
easiest to learn and which one the most difficult? Discuss with your classmate.
36 During listening
You’re going to listen to a clip about two teens who are interviewing a language
expert. She was raised bilingually (tweetalig).
a Listen intensively to Learning a new language.
REFERENCE Look up the strategy Intensive listening in the Yellow Pages on page 208.
Indicate whether the following statements are true, false or not mentioned in the clip.
There are pauses.
not
true false mentioned
1 Adults usually feel more confident about speaking a foreign   
language than children.
2 According to Tara, children who are brought up with more than   

one language perform better at intelligence tests.
3 You need to speak several languages perfectly for the job that  
 
Chris mentions.
4 Not being too serious about it and challenging yourself 
  
creatively helps you learn a language more easily.
5 Dreaming in another language is a sign of fluency, according to Tara. 
  
60 sixty Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

not
true false mentioned
6 Tara struggled with Korean because the language is so abstract   
and different from English.
7 According to Tara, some languages are more difficult to learn   

than others.
b Team up with a classmate. Read the text about a scientific study.
A study of British adults in an Italian beginners’ course found bonding

with the other students and the teacher helped them stick with it.
‘Finding like-minded people makes it more likely that you’ll push on with
a language, and that you’ll persevere,’ a psycholinguist at the University
of York says. ‘And that really is the key. Unless there’s a social motivation
for it, it’s really difficult to sustain.’
Adapted from: bbc.com
Discuss the text with regard to the clip. Do you think Tara would agree with the
results of the study that’s mentioned? Explain your opinion to each other.
37 After listening
Your new classmate is a foreign exchange student who would like to learn Dutch.
Write down three tips on how to go about this. Use information from the clip as
well as ideas of your own.
Example key: - Ask people around you to speak Dutch only.
- Play language games with your classmates.
- Watch Dutch films without subtitles.
38 Vocabulary
Match the words from the clip with the correct antonym below. An antonym is a
word with the opposite meaning. There are two words you can’t use.
Choose from: fluently – increase – silly – self-conscious – uncomfortable
1 confident self-conscious
2 serious silly
3 reduce increase
39 Speaking
Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the jobs below.
doctor at Doctors without Borders – pilot – tour guide – waiter/waitress in pub
Discuss for which of the jobs you would need to speak more than one
language. Talk for 2 to 3 minutes. Take turns.
Study Vocabulary F Listening on page 77. Use Slim Stampen to practise
your vocabulary.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 sixty-one 61

g reading
A2 I can understand the main point of short, informative texts in magazines,
newspapers and online.
40 Before reading
You are going to do a quiz about your digital footprint: the digital trail left behind
by everything you do online. Check your answers on page 69.
Quiz: Your digital footprint

1 How long is your digital footprint visible for? 3 Your friend regrets posting a picture and wants
A  It creates a permanent record.
 it taken down. Is that possible and how would
B  It depends on the website you visit. he/she do that?
C  The record never lasts for more than a year. A  Yes, it is very easy to take down a photo:
just delete it from your account, it won’t be
2 Who can see or use data from my digital visible to anyone.
footprint? B  Yes, you can easily trace anyone who saw or
A  It is visible to government professionals but copied your photo and delete it from their
they need special permission. accounts as well.
B  Only non-commercial organisations have  you can delete your own copy, but
C  No,
access to your data. someone else might have already saved it.
 Your digital footprint is potentially visible to
C 
anyone. Adapted from: bestrongonline.com
41 During reading
a Skim When teenagers realize their whole life is already online.
REFERENCE Look up the strategy Skimming a text in the Yellow Pages on page 204.
Home | Navigation | Archive | Menu item | Contact us
When teenagers realize their

whole life is already online
1 [1] For several months, Megan had been working 5 article is referred to by a pseudonym – found
up the courage to approach her mom about what personal pictures of herself online, starting from
she saw when she had first googled herself. The when she was a baby up to her last holiday. All
teen – who like the others interviewed for this these pictures were uploaded without her consent.
continue >>
62 sixty-two Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

[2] In one of the pictures, you see a smiling two- clubs and parents as a harmless record of their
10 and-a-half year old Megan covered from top to toe 55 accomplishments, and loving signs of affection.
in strawberry ice-cream, wearing a silly-looking
yellow hat. Megan explains: ‘I really don’t like [5] This is very much in line with how parents
these kind of pictures of myself, and I don’t want often see their online sharing: as creating
all the world to see them. They are very cringey, memories, much like putting together a scrapbook
15 and who knows how long they will be out there for their kids to enjoy later on in life. However,
on the web. Will my future boyfriend or boss also 60 experts warn against these online records. They
get to see them? This is why I decided to talk say these can have unwanted or even dangerous
to my mom.’ Like most other teens these days, effects on young people’s privacy. According
Megan grew up immersed in social media. While to research studies by the UK bank Barclays,
20 many younger kids may not yet have accounts sharenting will account for 2/3 of identity fraud
themselves, their parents, schools, sports teams 65 by 2030, costing primarily the banks hundreds
and other organizations have. They’ve been of millions of dollars. With just a name, date
creating an online personality for them since birth of birth, and address (easy enough to find in a
by using these uploads. geotagged birthday party photo on Facebook, for
example), people who mean harm can store this
25 [3] Parents overusing social media to share news 70 information until a person turns 18 and then begin
and pictures of their offspring is called sharenting. opening accounts. Barclays stresses that parents’
This is a phenomenon which became a hot topic behaviour is increasingly putting children at risk,
after actress Gwyneth Paltrow posted a picture of simply because parents cannot make accurate
herself and her 14-year-old daughter Apple Martin predictions of future technological developments
30 during their skiing holiday. More than 150,000 75 and the possibilities to abuse those.
people liked the picture, but Apple wasn’t pleased,

writing (from her private Instagram account): ‘Mom, [6] When Megan talked about the subject with
we have discussed this. You may not post anything her mom, she could understand some of her
without my consent.’ Paltrow replied: ‘You’re mother’s sharenting behaviour. ‘I noticed that
35 wearing goggles and you can’t even see your face!’ sharing pictures of me gave my mom a lot of
Many of Paltrow’s fans argued that, being the 80 social interactions, joy and fulfilment. However,
mother, she had every right to share pictures of when I explained to her what my concerns were,
her daughter, explaining it is the modern way for my mom agreed to be more careful.’ Her mother
parents to be part of the community - but others now tells Megan every time she’s planning to post
40 said children deserve a right to privacy, too. about her – and Megan has veto power.
[4] The opinions among the young are also Adapted from: theatlantic.com
divided. Not all teens feel uneasy finding out
they’ve been unwittingly living a life online.
Some are actually thrilled to find out things
45 about themselves on the web that they had
forgotten about. Daniel and Josephine, both

16-year-olds, say that when they first googled
themselves, they would compete over the amount
of information they could found on the Internet.
50 ‘You look yourself up, and it’s like, whoa, it’s you!
It’s like we’re real people.’ They do not seem to

be concerned about privacy and they see the
pictures and info that was posted by their sports cringey tenenkrommend, gênant
offspring kroost
unwittingly onbewust
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 sixty-three 63

b Connect the subheadings to the correct paragraph number.
2 A celebrity example
3 Megan’s concerns
4 Veto power for Megan
5 Sharenting puts kids at risk
6 Contest: googling yourself
c Now read the whole text and answer the questions.

1 Megan finds it difficult to confront her mother about the sharenting posts.
Which word or phrase from the introduction shows that?
‘working up the courage ...’
2 Megan mentions a number of reasons why she isn’t too happy about her
mother posting pictures of her. Which of these is not mentioned? (paragraph 2)
 She is afraid that people with bad intentions use these pictures.
A 
B  She is concerned about who will be able to see these pictures.
C  She thinks the pictures are very embarrassing.
D  She wonders how long these pictures will be available.
3 Sharenting is a so-called portmanteau (from French porte-manteau,
meaning coat rack), a word in which two other words are blended. Which
two words do you recognise?
‘share’ and ‘parenting’.
4 ‘It’s like we’re real people,’ Daniel and Josephine remark. (paragraph 4)
What do you think they mean by this?
I think they mean that the Internet proves that they exist.

5 ‘This is very much in line with how parents often see their online sharing:
as creating memories, much like putting together a scrapbook for their
kids to enjoy later on in life.’ (paragraph 5) What does ‘This’ refer to?
To the positive attitude towards online sharing that’s described in the
previous paragraph.
6 In what way can online information be used for criminal activities,
according to Barclays?
All the information can be stored until a person turns 18. Then, someone
else can open an account in someone else’s name and spend money.
d Answer the questions.
1 Write down a similarity and a difference between Megan and Apple when
it comes to their online problems.
similarity: They both have mothers who share too much.
difference: Megan’s problem is solved, Apple’s doesn’t seem to be solved.
64 sixty-four Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

2 ‘... and Megan has veto power,’ the article concludes. Explain in your own
words what this means. If necessary, use a dictionary.
When
you have veto power, you have the right to stop something from
happening.
So, if Megan doesn’t approve of a picture, she can tell her
mother
not to post it.
42 After reading
Team up with a classmate. What are your thoughts on the subject of online
sharing and sharenting? Explain your opinion.
43 Vocabulary
Complete the sentences with the correct word. Use the Vocabulary G Reading list
on page 77 in the Learning corner.
1 You should wear goggles when you go skiing. They protect your eyes.
2 When you are completely surrounded by something you are immersed.
3 If you tamper with the figures, you can be sued for fraud.
4 Before you post someone’s picture online, always ask for their consent first.
5 Wow! You’ve reached the mountain peak! That’s quite an accomplishment !
44 Writing
Have a look at the photo. You found this photo of yourself
online. You think it’s embarrassing and want to have it
taken down. Write an email to the owner of the website in
which you ask him/her to remove your photo from the site.
Write 75-100 words.
REFERENCE Look up Writing a formal email in the

Yellow Pages on page 212.
Dear owner of crazypics.com,

Example key: I have found a picture of myself on your website, and I would
kindly like to ask you to remove it for privacy reasons. According to the
so-called right to be forgotten, which is binding in the EU, I have the right
to be excluded from Internet searches. I would like to claim that right
in this case. I look forward to your reply and I expect my picture to be
removed by the end of this month. Yours sincerely, Ben Wilson
Study Vocabulary G Reading on page 77. Use Slim Stampen to practise your vocabulary.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 sixty-five 65

h speaking & stones
A2 I can let others know I agree or disagree with them.
Are
45 Stone
a Read Stone 2.
Stone 2 Agreeing and disagreeing with someone

Volunteering makes you feel like part of the community, doesn’t it?
Getting involved with local events really connects you with others,
Absolutely. I loved organising activities in the park.
That’s right. enjoyed setting up a street fair in my neighbourhood.
Would you agree that everybody should try to join in on local activities?
say we should all make an effort to help others?
I see your point, but lots of teens just don’t have the time.
I kind of agree with you, a lot of people didn’t show up last time.
Would you agree that using social media helps you make friends?
Don’t you think travelling abroad makes you more sociable?
Are you with me on that? Yes, that’s for sure.
Do you agree so far? absolutely!
I suppose so, but I prefer to meet people in person to boost my social skills.
As a matter of fact, I’d love to go abroad to expand my horizons.
You can listen to the Stone on Stepping Stones online.
If you want to know whether someone agrees with you, you can add a tag question
to your sentence. For example: Volunteering makes you feel like part of the community,
doesn’t it? For more information on tag questions, have a look on page 235.
b Team up with a classmate. Each of you picks two statements and gives his/her
opinion on them. Ask follow-up questions.
‘Gaming is a sport.’ ‘Public transport should be free.’
‘Mobile phones should be banned from school.’ ‘Home schooling is better than traditional schooling.’
66 sixty-six Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Write them down.
THEME WORDS Expressing (dis)agreement

 absolutely absoluut  on the contrary integendeel
 exactly precies  out of the question geen sprake van
 for sure zeker weten  to argue argumenteren
 good point goed punt  to beg to differ het er niet mee eens zijn
 it depends dat ligt eraan  to doubt twijfelen
 me neither ik ook niet  to object to bezwaar maken tegen
 not necessarily niet per se  to suppose veronderstellen
 of course (not) natuurlijk (niet)  that’s right dat klopt
Do you know all the words?

b Team up with a classmate. Can you think of other words Then take the online Quiz!
that you could use to express agreement or disagreement?
Discuss them with your classmate.
47 Talk about the pictures

Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the picture below.
– Talk about each of the items and activities shown in the picture.
– Take turns telling each other what you think of the item or activity and ask
for his/her opinion.
– Make sure you include a different Theme word in each response you give.
Example: > Travelling by public transport is the most efficient way to travel the
city, don’t you think?
< I beg to differ, I prefer to travel around the city by bike.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 sixty-seven 67

48 Play the game
Team up with two other classmates. You’re going to play a game. Go to the
Cutting Sheets on page 259. Cut out the opinion cards and the statement cards.
Use the empty statement cards for statements of your own. Then, play the game:
– Shuffle the statement cards and place them (face down) in a stack. Take turns
picking a card from the stack and reading it out loud.
– Each classmate then chooses an opinion card to show how much he/she
agrees or disagrees with the statement and places it in front of him/her.
– The classmate who picked the statement card first gives his/her opinion on
the statement. The rest follows.
– If one of the classmates is persuaded by someone else’s arguments and
changes his/her mind, he/she can show this by changing the opinion card in
front of him/her.
– Keep on playing until you’ve discussed at least four statements.
49 Pronunciation
a Read about the pronunciation of the consonant pairs ‘f/v’ and ‘k/g’ in English.
Consonant pairs ‘f/v’ and ‘k/g’

The position of your jaw, tongue and lips is the same when you make an /f/-sound
and a /v/-sound. That’s why they are called consonant pairs. The only difference
between these sounds is that you can feel your vocal cords vibrating for the /v/-
sound, but not for the /f/-sound. That’s why the ‘v’ is called a voiced consonant and
the ‘f’ a voiceless consonant. The same goes for the consonant pair ‘k’ and ‘g’. ‘K’ is
voiceless and ‘g’ is voiced.
The length of vowels before voiced consonants ‘v’ and ‘g’ is longer than vowels
before the voiceless consonants ‘f’ and ‘k’. So to pronounce the words ‘save’ and ‘bag’
correctly, you have to make the consonants at the end of the word voiced and make
the vowels longer.
b Listen to the words and indicate which one you hear in each pair.
1 life / live 4 peg / peck
2 dock / dog 5 safe / save
3 snag / snack 6 believe / belief
c Listen to the words and fill in the missing letter. Choose from: v, f, ck or g.
1 grie f 4 f ine
2 ba ck 5 li v e
3 lo g 6 ca v e
68 sixty-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

50 Act out the disagreement
a Team up with a classmate. Have a look at the photos.
– Pick one and act out the disagreement that is shown in the photo. Take
some time to prepare.
– Pay extra attention to the pronunciation of words with v, f, k and g.
– Make sure your conversation lasts for about 3 minutes.
– Use Stone 2 and the Theme words.
b Swap books and fill in the evaluation form for your classmate. What went
well and what could be better next time? Write it down in the tip box.
Evaluation form Filled in by:
He / She has …
Content … expressed (dis)agreement with his/her classmate.
Vocabulary … used words that showed (dis)agreement.
Sentences … used the Stone and changed it to fit the situation.
Pronunciation … pronounced words with v, f, k and g correctly.
Tip :
Study Stone 2 on page 66. Have a look at the Theme words that you did not
tick and learn them by heart. Use Slim Stampen to practise the Theme words
and Stones.
Quiz: Your digital footprint

(answers)
1A 2C 3C
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 sixty-nine 69

I Writing & Grammar
A2 I know how to use questions and negations in the past and present correctly.
Are
51 Find out the rule

a Read the interview. The questions and negations are underlined.
Instant internet sensation

by doing chores
Li Ziqi became an instant vlogging Some people are saying that you
sensation when she posted videos of promote a false ideal image of
herself doing her daily chores. Today, we rural life. Do you agree with these
interview her about her instant success. people?
I don’t think it is a bad thing. Is it
Did you always dream of becoming wrong to indulge people in a fantasy
a famous vlogger? world away from their stressful life?
I didn’t expect to become famous. It doesn’t matter if the videos are
It wasn’t something I had planned. I a bit romanticised. That’s what’s so
wanted to show people from the city appealing.
where their food comes from.
Adapted from: odditycentral.com
b The underlined words play an important role in forming questions and

negations. Complete the sentences about those words below.
1 The underlined words include different forms of the verbs to be and to
do
past
2 In the first question and answer, these verbs are in the simple. In
the second question and answer, they are in the present simple. The rule
applies to these two tenses.
c Circle the correct answers to make the rule.
1 In a question with to be, you use a form of to be / to do at the beginning of the sentence.
In a question with any other main verb, you use a form of the main verb / to do.
2 In a negation with to be, you use a form of to be + n’t / to do + n’t.
In a negation with any other main verb, you use the main verb + n’t / to do + n’t.
d Read Grammar 3. Did you find the correct rule? yes / no
70 seventy Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

GRAMMAR 3 Questions and negations
You already know there are two different rules to make questions and negations
in the present and past simple.:
Rule 1: With the verb to be and auxiliary verbs such as can and may, you place that
verb at the beginning of a question. In a negative sentence, you place not/n’t after
that verb.
Rule 2: With any other main verb, you add the verb to do. You place a form of to do
at the beginning of a question. In a negative sentence, you place not/n’t after a form
of to do. The main verb changes to the infinitive.
Tenses other than the present and past simple always have an auxiliary verb, such as
to be in the present continuous and to have in the present perfect. To make questions
and negations in these tenses, you always use Rule 1.
Rule 1 (to be and auxiliary verbs) Rule 2 (other main verbs)

present simple Can you read that sign from here? The cat doesn’t sleep in our bed.
present continuous Is he doing his homework?
present perfect I haven’t heard from her yet.
past simple He wasn’t too pleased about that. Did he tell you about the trip?
past continuous They weren’t watching TV when I came home.
will/shall future We won’t come here again.
to be going to future Is she going to have a birthday party?
REFERENCE Find more examples of questions and negations in the Grammar Survey on page 232.
e Now apply the rule. Complete the questions and negations.

Use the clues in brackets
1 Did you find (to find – you) your book yesterday?
2 Does he want (to want – he) a sandwich? Can you ask him, please?
3 We don’t need (to need – not) to buy any groceries for
tomorrow’s dinner.
4 He isn’t (to be – not) at home. He went to the library.
5 Are you (to be – you) serious? That’s amazing!
52 Rewrite the sentences

Rewrite the sentences below. Turn the sentence into a question if you see (?) and
use a negation if you see (-). Make sure the sentence remains in the same tense.
1 Anne and Paul finished their homework.
(?) Did
Anne and Paul finish their homework?
2 The president has said sorry for what happened.
(-) The
president hasn’t said sorry for what happened.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 seventy-one 71

3 Dad is going to pick up a newspaper at the shop.
(?) Is
Dad going to pick up a newspaper at the shop?
4 I can stay up until midnight.
(-) I can’t stay up until midnight.
53 Complete the email

a Form questions and negations to complete the email. Use the clues in brackets.
To: [email protected]
Subject: membership card?
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am writing to you to let you know that (1) I haven’t received
(to receive – I – not) my membership card for your International Youth Club yet. I sent you
my application weeks ago. (2) Can you (can – you) please
tell me what has happened to it? (3) Am I worrying (to worry – I )
too much, perhaps?
I spoke to a woman at the post office, but (4) she didn’t know
(to know – she – not) how to help me right now. She told me I need a tracking number, before
she can trace the package. (5) Do you have (to have – you) a
tracking number for me?
Sorry for bothering you about this. I am going to a youth camp next month, and
(6) I won’t receive (to receive – I – not) my booking discount if I
don’t attach a photograph of the membership card to my application.
I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Thomas Frick
b Team up with a classmate. Follow the steps below.

– Get a separate piece of paper each.
– Each of you writes down four sentences in which you state an opinion,
using a negation.
For example: Leeds United won’t win the league this year.
Try to use different tenses in each sentence!
– Swap papers and write down four questions that you want to ask your
classmate about their opinions.
For example: Do you think they are a bad team?
– Discuss each other’s statements and questions.
72 seventy-two Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

54 Make questions and negations
a Read the article about Real-life Rapunzel.
Home | Navigation | Archive | Menu item | Contact us
Real-life Rapunzel
The last time Alena Kravchenko cut her hair was 28 years ago.
Today, her hair is around two metres long and still growing.
When Alena was just entering her teens, her hair already
reached down to her back. Now she is in her thirties, and her
hair has reached down to the floor for some time already.
Even though she loves her beautiful blond mane, she also
says that having such long hair isn’t always practical. She
has tripped over her hair on several occasions, and her young
children play with it all the time. As we speak, she is wearing
it in a bun on her head, and she does so most of the time
these days. ‘It is a real treat to let my hair down now, because
the bun on my head is getting quite heavy.’ Alena only washes
her hair once every three weeks. If Alena keeps taking good
care of her hair, who knows how long it will get ...
Adapted from: www.odditycentral.com
b Write down four questions that you could ask about the real-life Rapunzel.
Make sure they are questions that you can answer with no. Then write down
answers to the questions (in full sentences), using negations. Use as many
different tenses as you can. Use a separate piece of paper.
For example: Does Alena wash her hair every day? No, she doesn’t wash it every day.
55 Write the dialogue

Write a dialogue between you and someone else, in which you talk about things you
can do (or have done, or plan to do) during the holidays. Use questions and negations, in
different tenses. Use approximately 50 words.
Example key: > Have you ever been scuba diving?
< No, I haven’t done that. I have gone sky diving though!
> Really? Did you enjoy it?
< Not really, to be honest! It wasn’t as scary as I thought, though.
> What are you going to do this summer, then?
< I’m not sure yet.
Use Slim Stampen to practise the grammar.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 seventy-three 73

Notes
74 seventy-four Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

THE CHOICE IS YOURS!
In The choice is yours! you can practise the grammar, vocabulary and Stones from this
Choose from:
chapter with one or more of your classmates. In The game room, you will play fun
 The game room
games with the material from the chapter. In The language lab you will sharpen your
 The language lab
research skills by reading texts about language. In The workshop you will get creative
 The workshop
using language as your toolset. In The challenge, you will put your language skills to
 The challenge
the test in an exciting competition with your classmates. You can find the exercises on
Stepping Stones online. There are short and long assignments. Each assignment states
exactly how long it will take.
THE
GAME LANGUAGE
THE M LAB
ROO
THE
THE OP CHALLENGE
R KSH
WO
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 seventy-five 75

LEARNING CORNER
VOCABULARY
If you want to practise the vocabulary, go to Slim Stampen on Stepping Stones online.
THEME WORDS
Describing Mensen  (in)formal (in)formeel  that reminds dat herinnert me
people beschrijven  to lose touch contact verliezen me eraan
 childish kinderachtig with met  to be honest om eerlijk te zijn
 (dis)- (on)eerbiedig  loyal trouw  You know Weet je
respectful  mutual gemeen- what? wat?
 earnest serieus friend schappelijke  You’re Je maakt een
 harsh hard vriend kidding! grapje!
 (in)tolerant (in)tolerant  outcast buitenbeentje
Expressing Een mening
 judgmental veroordelend  peer leeftijdsgenoot
(dis)agreement geven
 open-minded ruimdenkend  to share with delen met
 absolutely absoluut
 persistent aanhoudend  to spend tijd doorbrengen
 to argue argumenteren
 polite beleefd time with met
 to beg to het er niet mee
 sensible verstandig  trust vertrouwen
differ eens zijn
 sensitive gevoelig
Keeping a Een gesprek  to doubt twijfelen
 sincere oprecht
conversation gaande  exactly precies
 stubborn koppig
going houden  for sure zeker weten
 superficial oppervlakkig
 actually eigenlijk  good point goed punt
 thoughtful attent,
 anyway hoe dan ook  it depends dat ligt eraan
bedachtzaam
 apparently blijkbaar  me neither ik ook niet
 (un) (on)-
 Are you Meen je dat?  not niet per se
interested geïnteresseerd
serious? necessarily
Social Sociale  as I was zoals ik zei  to object to bezwaar maken
interactions interacties saying tegen
 acquaintance kennis  by the way trouwens  of course natuurlijk (niet)
 to blend in erbij horen  Guess what? Raad eens? (not)
 to break up het uitmaken  I was ik vroeg me af  on the integendeel
 colleague collega wondering contrary
 companion kameraad  if you ask me als je het mij  out of the geen sprake van
 to have in gemeen hebben vraagt question
common  in fact in feite  to suppose veronderstellen
 to help each elkaar helpen  No way! Echt niet!  that’s right dat klopt
other out  speaking of over ... gesproken
A Watching
That new computer game is quite addictive, so I went to bed way too late!  verslavend
Why does dad have to analyse every football player’s move in a match?  onderzoeken, analyseren
If you have claustrophobia, it can be quite a challenge to be in small places.  uitdaging
Many toothpaste brands claim their product will give you bright white teeth.  beweren
Bears can be a danger to campers, so don’t leave any food in your tent.  gevaar
The best way to explore the countryside in Scotland and Ireland is on foot.  ontdekken
Dress sharply for your job interview if you want to make a good first impression.  eerste indruk
The criminal tried to conceal his identity by wearing a baseball cap and glasses.  identiteit
Often the image of motorcycle riders is that they are really tough guys.  imago
I won’t give you my opinion because I don’t want it to influence your decision.  beïnvloeden
The playground at school has a merry-go-round, a slide and a big sandbox.  speelplaats
Victoria says her job is financially rewarding but she makes long hours.  bevredigend
76 seventy-six Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Something as simple as a compliment can really boost your self-confidence.  zelfvertrouwen
When you’re wearing that hat, your green eyes really stand out.  opvallen, eruitspringen
From a practical point of view, I’d buy the house that’s closest to your work.  standpunt
C Reading
I’m not that close with my father but we have been trying to bond more lately.  je verbinden
Yawning is highly contagious, so when you yawn, I have to yawn as well.  aanstekelijk
When the teacher gives me an angry look, it is a cue that I need to be quiet.  aanwijzing
The mechanic gave me an estimate of £450 for the repair of my car.  schatting
If the boys exclude their little sister from their game, she will start crying.  buitensluiten
Detectives are doing extensive research to find out who stole the painting.  uitgebreid
Tom has a big mouth in company, but when you’re alone with him, he is quiet.  in gezelschap
Lisa always puts me down in front of other people which makes me feel inferior.  minderwaardig
In order to enter the building, you have to show your ID at the reception desk.  om (te)
I love many science fiction films; Star Wars and Mad Max in particular.  in het bijzonder
Sunscreen is an absolute necessity if you are spending a day at the beach.  noodzaak
I suggest you stay home from school and get some rest until you feel better.  voorstellen, aanraden
Sam and John tend to be late to work, so I wouldn’t expect them before 9 am.  neigen
The doctor said I shouldn’t eat chocolate as it can be a trigger for a migraine.  aanzet
When my brother asks me something trivial, I just turn around and ignore him.  onbelangrijk(s)
F Listening
After the crash last week, the airline is questioning the pilot’s competency.  bekwaamheid
The fans on the sidelines at the marathon cheered to encourage the runners.  aanmoedigen, stimuleren
What does the job entail? You have to help customers and operate the cash till.  inhouden
Frank lived in Mexico for ten years, so he speaks Spanish fluently.  vloeiend
Instead of complaining all the time, you should be grateful for what you have!  dankbaar
If Karen starts to feel shaky, she has to increase the dosage of her insulin.  verhogen, vergroten
A great way to learn a foreign language is to interact with native speakers.  omgaan/communiceren met
Don’t miss out on this job opportunity. You should send them your CV!  vacature, carrièrekans
Our new puppy is very playful. It loves to chase the ball and bite my toes.  speels
Professional athletes feel an enormous amount of pressure to perform well.  druk
My sister always asks how she looks because she is extremely self-conscious.  zelfbewust, onzeker
It was really silly of you to wear a skirt and high heels to the horse stables.  dwaas, onnozel
Some parents struggle with how to balance childcare and work.  worstelen met
Our German teacher wants us to translate an article from the newspaper.  vertalen
I feel really uncomfortable when people I don’t know stand too close to me.  ongemakkelijk
G Reading
You shouldn’t share personal info online, people might abuse it.  misbruiken
After a year of recovery, walking a few steps was a huge accomplishment.  prestatie
If you don’t enter the accurate password, you can’t get access to the website.  juiste
My dog shows me affection by giving me a big kiss every time I get home.  liefde, genegenheid
Timothy was naughty in class, so the teacher decided to approach him about it.  benaderen, aanspreken
Pupils going on the trip are required to have their parents sign a consent form.  goedkeuring
My volunteer work at the hospital gives me great fulfilment.  voldoening
The hacker committed fraud by stealing credit card numbers and using them.  fraude
Annie wears goggles when we go skiing, but I prefer wearing sunglasses.  (veiligheids)bril
The doctor told me to immerse my ankle in a bucket of ice cold water.  onderdompelen
The weather forecasters gave a prediction of rain for today, but it is sunny.  voorspelling
Dad is primarily responsible for the household tasks.  voornamelijk
I keep a record of all of my monthly expenses, so I don’t go over my budget.  registratie, verslag
I just found out I got the leading part in the play; I’m so thrilled!  enthousiast zijn
I cannot stress the importance of a healthy diet enough.  benadrukken
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 seventy-seven 77

STONES
You can use the basic structures from the Stones to start and maintain a conversation and
to (dis)agree with someone. Use other words (from the vocabulary list, for instance) to make
your own sentences.
If you want to practise the Stones, use Slim Stampen on Stepping Stones online.
1 Starting and maintaining a conversation

How was your …? / How has your … been? Hoe was je …?
Did you go anywhere interesting? Ben je naar iets interessants geweest?
I spent the weekend … Ik heb dit weekend … gedaan.
What do you like best about …? Wat vind je het leukst aan …?
… is something I’ve never done. … is iets wat ik nog nooit gedaan heb.
… sounds like an interesting experience. … klinkt als een interessante ervaring.
Would you recommend it? Zou je het aanraden?
… is my favourite pastime. … is mijn favoriete bezigheid.
In fact, … / Actually, … In feite, … / Eigenlijk, …
Anyway, it was lovely ... Hoe dan ook, het was erg leuk …
Well, it was nice … Nou, het was leuk …
2 Agreeing and disagreeing with someone

… makes you feel like part of the community, … zorgt ervoor dat je je onderdeel voelt van de
doesn’t it? gemeenschap, toch?
I loved organising … Ik hield van het organiseren van …
Would you say that we should all …? Ben je van mening dat iedereen zou moeten …?
I see your point, but … Ik snap je punt, maar …
Would you agree that using social media …? Ben je het ermee eens dat het gebruik van social
media …?
Are you with me on that? Ben je het hierover met me eens?
I suppose so, but I prefer to … to … Ik veronderstel van wel, maar mijn voorkeur gaat uit
naar … om …
As a matter of fact, I’d love ... Eigenlijk zou ik heel graag ...
78 seventy-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Grammar
Go to Stepping Stones online to watch the grammar instruction videos about the subjects
below. If you want to practise the grammar, use Slim Stampen.
REFERENCE In the Grammar Survey you can find a complete overview of all grammar subjects.
1 Compounds with some-, any-, every-, no-

-thing (things) -body/one (people) -where (places)
Some- I always eat something during We are looking for somebody He left his notebook
the break. to help. somewhere.
any- There isn’t anything we can do. Does anyone know the answer? I can’t find my sweater
anywhere.
every- Everything will be fine. I think everybody was there. There was smoke everywhere.
no- There was nothing he could do There was nobody in the shop It came out of nowhere.
about it. when we came there.
2 Gerunds and to + infinitive

gerund ® (verb + -ing): verbs used as a noun, can be used after verbs such as
to (dis)like, to love, to miss, to avoid
Dreaming about summer can be I love driving along the coast. We miss running in the park.
wonderful.
to + infinitive: after verbs such as to hope, to ask, to refuse, to expect,
after adjectives that express an opinion and after the object of a sentence
I refuse to take the test. It is nice to see you again. Remind grandma to call us in the
morning.
3 Questions and negations in the past and present

Rule 1 (to be and auxiliary verbs) Rule 2 (other main verbs)
present simple Can you read that sign from here? The cat doesn’t sleep in our bed.
present continuous Is he doing his homework?
present perfect I haven’t heard from her yet.
past simple He wasn’t too pleased about that. Did he tell you about the trip?
past continuous They weren’t watching TV when I
came home.
will/shall future We won’t come here again.
to be going to future Is she going to have a birthday
party?
REFERENCE Find more examples of questions and negations in the Grammar Survey on page 232.
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 seventy-nine 79

dislike.
e y like and
R K a t t h hen I am
D
E s wh
I c a n a sk other k a b o u t things w
TA S K C A R
A2 I thin meeting.
say what a formal
A2 I can s s e d a t
addre
directly
task
Make a song collage
Work in a group of four. Individually, go online to find a song or a
poem that you think has a powerful or important message. Find
or draw pictures that convey the message of that text and make
a collage from them. Then, present your text and the pictures
to your group members. Why did you choose this text? Which
message does it have and why is it important? Try to persuade
your team members of your opinion. Discuss all four texts and
ask each at least two questions about them. Talk for about 3
minutes.
After you’ve finished, fill in the feedback form.
Feedback form
Contents I’ve looked up a text with a powerful message.
Vocabulary I used words that have to do with expresssing

(dis)agreement.
Sentences I used the Stones and changed them to fit my
situation.
Spelling and I used compounds, the gerund, the infinitive, questions
Grammar and negations.
Pronunciation I paid extra attention to the pronunciation of the
consonant pairs f/v and k/g.
Now you can:

* use words that have to do with describing people and social interactions
* start and maintain a conversation and express (dis)agreement
* use compounds with some-, any-, every- and no- correctly
* use gerunds and infinitives correctly
* use questions and negations correctly
80 eighty Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

test yourself
Studying for your test
How can you best prepare yourself for the chapter test?
STEP 1 Study the vocabulary, Stones and grammar using Slim Stampen.
STEP 2 Do the Test Yourself online. The computer will review your answers
and give you advice about what you need to practise more.
STEP 3 Follow the advice and think about what you still need to study.
STEP 4 Do the second Test Yourself online.
Now you’re ready to take the chapter test!
How did your preparation for the test go?

Checklist
1 Did you prepare sufficiently? – +/– +
I paid attention during lessons.
I did my homework.
I studied and practised vocabulary, Stones and grammar.
2 What was your test score?

total % reading %
listening % writing %
3 What went well? – +/– +

I studied enough / correctly.
I understood the material.
I worked accurately and neatly.
I read the instructions properly.
4 Any tips for the next chapter test?

© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 eighty-one 81

reading matters
A2 I can express my reactions to a literary work, reporting my feelings and ideas
on it in simple language.
56 Before reading
You are going to read the poem Shoulders by Naomi Shihab Nye. First, answer the
questions below.
a Look at the last word of each line of the poem. What do you notice about the
rhyme in this poem?
There is no rhyme in this poem.
b Look at the list of Literary Terms on pages 247-248. What term is most suitable
for the kind of rhyme in this poem?
Free verse
c Give your opinion: do you think poems have to rhyme in order to be called a
poem? Explain your answer.
Example key: No, as long as it tells a story or a message and it has
rhythm, I think it’s a poem.
57 During reading
REFERENCE Look up emphasis and repetition in the Literary terms on pages 247 and 248.
Read Shoulders and answer the questions.

a An author can use emphasis to make a bit of the text stand out. One form of
emphasis is repetition. In the poem, mark all instances of repetition.
b Is there another part of the text that is emphasised and stands out from the
rest? Cite the line(s) of the poem below and explain why you think the author
uses emphasis here.
Yes, the parts in capital letters (‘FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE’) is
emphasised. This is because on a real package this would also be written in all
caps. It’s to show it’s very important to be careful with the package.
c What do you think the author wants us to do in order ‘to be able to live in this
world’, like she says in the poem?
We need to care for each other, look out for each other and be kind to each
other.
82 eighty-two Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Poem
Shoulders
1 A man crosses the street in rain, stepping gently,
looking two times north and south,
because his son is asleep on his shoulder.
No car must splash him.
5 No car drive too near to his shadow.
This man carries the world’s most sensitive cargo

but he’s not marked.
Nowhere does his jacket say FRAGILE,
HANDLE WITH CARE.
10 His ear fills up with breathing.
He hears the hum of a boy’s dream

deep inside him.
We’re not going to be able
to live in this world
15 if we’re not willing to do what he’s doing
with one another.

The road will only be wide.
The rain will never stop falling.
cargo vracht
Naomi Shihab Nye fragile breekbaar
hum gebrom
d Give your opinion on this poem using 50-75 words. In your written opinion,
answer the following questions:
– Do you agree with the author’s message?
– How does the poem make you feel?
– Can you relate to the father? If so, how?
Example key: I do agree with the author. It is very important that we care for
each other, because that makes the world a better place. The poem makes
me feel happy, because it is nice to read about a father who loves his son very
much. I can relate to the father, because there are people in my family whom I
like to protect and take care of.
58 After reading
Have a look at the assignments on page 250. Choose an exercise from category D.
Do the exercise.
Title exercise:
You now know these literary terms:

* emphasis * repetition
© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 eighty-three 83

Answers Stepping Stones H3 - Theme 1

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At the end of this chapter, you will be

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Why do you love to travel?

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Ready to start your mission?

© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 thirty-nine 39

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Strategy First impressions

Example key: sporty, fun-loving, quick

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© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-one 41

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Jason Mraz Have it all

And may the best of your todays

Well here’s to the hearts that you’re gonna break

Here’s to the good times we’re gonna have

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THEME WORDS Describing people

sensible - sensitive open-minded – tolerant

respectful – polite superficial – thoughtful

harsh – intolerant sincere – earnest

© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-three 43

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14 Find out the meaning

THEME WORDS Social interactions

Do you know all the words?

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16 Solve the puzzle

© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-five 45

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Strategy Quoting from a text

46 forty-six Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

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that because it makes us feel connected to others

So is laughing always considered a those days, entertainment was always a shared

Adapted from: rsb.org

How do you make people laugh for

moonlights werkt in de avonduren ingeniously vindingrijk

© Noordhoff Uitgevers bv Chapter 1 forty-seven 47

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48 forty-eight Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

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Stone 1 Starting and maintaining a conversation

has your week been? do anything fun?

I spent the weekend helping out at a music festival in the park.

volunteering at an international summer camp.

working with children? made you decide to take this up?

Volunteering at festivals sounds like an interesting experience. What was it like?

Speaking of volunteering, ‘m going to help out at a beach clean-up tomorrow.

Going to festivals is my favourite pastime. In fact, I went to one last week.

is a blast. Actually, ‘ve just bought tickets for one.

Well, nice meeting up with you. look into volunteering myself.

You can listen to the Stone on Stepping Stones online.

b Team up with a classmate. Think of something interesting you’ve recently

50 fifty Chapter 1 © Noordhoff Uitgevers bv

Example key: sporty, fun-loving, quick

Evaluation form Filled in by:

Example: some + one Someone wrote me a letter the other day.

REFERENCE You can find a complete list of verbs to use with

REFERENCE Look up Writing an email in the Yellow Pages on page 211.

Use Slim Stampen to practise the grammar.