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    Applied Physics Assignment

    Uploaded by

    hwandelorna3

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Applied Physics Assignment

    Uploaded by

    hwandelorna3
    3 views4 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views4 pages

    Applied Physics Assignment

    Uploaded by

    hwandelorna3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Question 1a

    i)To determine the base units of A in the given equation F = x^2A + P/V, we need to analyze the
    units involved on both sides of the equation.

    The base unit of force (F) is the Newton (N). The units of distance (x) are in meters (m), power
    (P) is measured in Watts (W), and speed (v) is measured in meters per second (m/s).

    The equation is as follows:

    [N] = [m^2] × [A] + [W] / [m/s]

    [N] = [m^2] × [A] + [W] × [s/m]

    Force (N) = kg· m/s2

    Power (W) = kg.m2s-3

    v= ms-1

    x=m

    Therefore, the base for p ∕ v =kgms2

    Base units for p /v = base units for x2A

    Kgms-2 =m2A

    Base units for A we divide the above units to get

    A = Kgm-1s-2

    ii) Suggested identity of physical quantity A is pressure

    Question 1b

    i) The omission of noticing that the micrometer screw gauge does not read zero when fully
    closed introduces a systematic error into the readings. This is because the error is consistently
    present in every measurement made with the gauge. The systematic error affects the accuracy of
    the measurements because it leads to a consistent deviation from the true value.

    ii) The readings are precise but not accurate because the precision of a measurement refers to the
    degree of reproducibility or repeatability of the results, while accuracy refers to how close the
    measured value is to the true value. In this case, the readings are precise because they are
    consistent and show little variation when repeated. However, they are not accurate because the
    systematic error introduced by the gauge not reading zero when fully closed leads to a consistent
    deviation from the true diameter of the wire.

    Question 1c

    i)To calculate the value of E:

    E = F L / A Δl

    Given values:

    F = 5.25 N

    L = 2.5 m

    A = 10^-5 m^2

    Δl = 0.25 mm = 0.25 x 10^-3 m

    E = (5.25 × 2.5) / (10^-5 × 0.25 x 10^-3)

    E = 2625 / 2.5

    E = 1050 N/m

    ii)To calculate the absolute uncertainty in the value of E:

    ΔE = E × √((ΔF/F)^2 + (ΔL/L)^2 + (ΔA/A)^2 + (ΔΔl/Δl)^2)


    Given uncertainties:

    ΔF = 0.05 N (assuming 1% uncertainty in force measurement)

    ΔL = 0.01 m (assuming 1% uncertainty in length measurement)

    ΔΔl = 0.005 mm = 0.005 x 10^-3 m (assuming 2% uncertainty in length measurement)

    iii)ΔE = 1050 × √((0.05/5.25)^2 + (0.01/2.5)^2 + (0/10^-5)^2 + (0.005/0.25 x 10^-3)^2)

    ΔE = 1050 × √ (0.0095^2 + 0.004^2 + 0 + 0.02^2)

    ΔE = 1050 × √ (0.00009025 + 0.000016 + 0.0004)

    ΔE = 1050 × √ (0.00050625)

    ΔE = 1050 × 0.0225

    ΔE = 23.625

    Therefore, the value of E is 1050 N/m with an absolute uncertainty of 23.625 N/m.

    Question 2a

    i. Velocity: Velocity is the rate of change of displacement with respect to time. It is a vector
    quantity that specifies both the speed and direction of an object's motion.

    Acceleration: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is a vector
    quantity that indicates how quickly an object's velocity is changing, either in magnitude,
    direction, or both.

    (ii) Using definitions to derive the given equation:

    We know that acceleration (a) is the rate of change of velocity (v) with respect to time (t). This
    can be mathematically expressed as:

    a = dv/dt

    Similarly, velocity (v) is the rate of change of displacement (s) with respect to time (t).expressed
    as:
    v = ds/dt

    Now, if we substitute the definition of velocity into the expression for acceleration, we get:

    a = d/dt(ds/dt)

    This can be further simplified using the chain rule of differentiation as follows:

    a = d^2s/dt^2

    Therefore, we have shown that a = d^2s/dt^2, which is the second derivative of displacement
    with respect to time. This equation relates acceleration to the change in displacement over time,
    consistent with the provided expression.

    Question 2b

    (i) To determine the distance the car stops from the stop line:

    Phase 1: Reaction Time

    We know the motorist's reaction time is 0.1 seconds. During this time, the car continues moving
    at a constant velocity of 15 m/s.

    Distance covered during the reaction time:

    s1 = v × t

    s1 = 15 m/s × 0.1 s

    s1 = 1.5 m

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