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P R OT E C T I O N

MiCOM P12x/y
Three phase and earth fault
overcurrent relays

The MiCOM P12x/y relays provides features for


easy adaptation and are suitable for all applications
where overcurrent and earth-fault protection are
required.

The P12x non-directional relays ranges from the


single phase/earth fault P120 up to the multifunction
three phase and earth fault P123.

The P12y directional relays ranges from the single


phase/earth fault P125 up to the multifunction three
phase and earth fault P127, complete of voltage
functions.

Users particularly appreciate the friendliness of the


Human Machine Interface and the easy setting of
the relays (that can be fully set through the front HMI
or using MiCOM S1 setting software).

In addition to its protection function, P12x/y provides


full measurement and monitoring information
necessary for efficient maintenance and post-fault
analysis.

Several communication protocols allow easy


interfacing of the P12x/y relays in most of substation
control or SCADA systems.
Customer Benefits
• Integration of function
The MiCOM P12x/y range is housed in the same
leading to cost-effective
solution draw out 4U metal case for panel or rack mounting
• User friendly Human with 20TE width (P120, P121, P122, P123 and P125)
Machine Interface or 30TE width (P126 and P127).
• Highly flexible
overcurrent relay with
logic equations
• Multi-shot Autoreclose
• One single configuration
software – MiCOM S1
• Full set of measurement,
metering & recording

AREVA T&D
APPLICATION OVERVIEW

MiCOM P12x/y provides a wide range of protection The following functions are available in most of the
functions allowing its use in several applications: devices (see table below)

> Main or backup protection on MV&HV systems > Measurement and metering
> Overhead lines and underground cables as a backup > Dynamic average values, max peak value and rolling
on HV systems demand for the current measurements
> Neutral systems protection (Insolated, solid earthed, > Disturbance recording including all the CT/VT inputs
resistance earthed and Petersen coil earthed) and logic status
> MV subscribers, Industry, Transport > Fault recording
> Generator and transformer scheme > Event recording
> High impedance scheme for busbar and machine
protection

FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW

AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS MEASUREMENTS Recording


Front port Rear port · SOTF (Switch on to fault) · Phase current features
· CB local/Remote · Direct and Inverse currents
Setting RS485 port. · Phase Current Rotation Fault record
· CB Monitoring · Residual current
software S1 To setting software S1 25
to SCADA system · Cold Load Pick Up · Residual voltage
· VTS and Logic applications · Line and Phase voltage
· Trip Circuit Supervision Event Recording
· Blocking Logic · Active and Reactive Power
250
· Selective Scheme Logic · Apparent Power & Energy
· Relay maintenance Mode
· Remote ctrl on output relays · Autoreclose counters
Dist. Recording
· 16 Logic equations · CB mechanical operation
counter
3 Sec
(AND, NOT & OR)
27 59 59N 32 81U/O 79 86 · Auxiliary timers · CB electrical operation
· Peak and rolling demand counter
· Self Diagnostic

Logic equations
· 8 independents equations
32N 50N · AND, NOT & OR gates
67 67N Iecos 50/51 51N 37 46 46BC 49 50BF · 16 parameters in each
equations
· Result on leds & outputs

MAIN FUNCTIONS

The P12x/y protection relays are comprised of full suite


of protection functions as well as automatic recloser and
auxiliaries. Each function can be individually configured
or disabled to suit every kind of application.

All available functions, including protection, automation,


communication, leds, inputs and outputs, are easily
programmable through the user-friendly human machine
interface and/or the MiCOM S1 software interface.

The 32 alphanumerical back-lit LCD provides the user


with key information (faults, measurements, settings,
etc). The menus have a pull-down structure for easy use
and quick access to any data. User can switch HMI
Simple Function Selection by Mouseclick with S1 language directly through the front panel.

MiCOM P12x & P12y


provide simple and complete
2>3
solution for your specific application.
PROTECTION FUNCTIONS OVERVIEW

ANSI
CODES FEATURES P120 P121 P122 P123 P125 P126 P127

50/51P/N 1 phase or earth overcurrent • •


50/51 3 phase overcurrent • • • • •
50/51N Earth overcurrent • • • • •
67P 3 phase directional overcurrent •
67N Earth fault directional overcurrent • • •
51V Voltage controlled overcurrent •
37 3 phase undercurrent • • • •
46 Negative phase sequence overcurrent • • • •
27/59 Phase under/over voltage (AND & OR mode) •
59N Residual over voltage • • •
32 Directional power •
32N Wattmetric Earth Fault • • •
81U/O Under/over frequency •
49 Thermal overload • • • •
86 Output relay latching • • • • • • •
79 Autoreclose • • •
50BF Circuit breaker failure detection • • • •
46BC Broken conductor detection I2/I1 • • • •
Blocking Logic • • • • • • •
Test of output relays (Maintenance) • • • • •
CB control Local/ remote • • • •
Circuit Breaker Maintenance and • • • •
Trip Circuit Supervision
Cold load pick up • • • •
Selective relay scheme logic • • • •
Inrush blocking • • •
Switch on to fault (SOTF) • • •
Phase rotation • • •
VT supervision (VTS) •

GENERAL FEATURES P120 P121 P122 P123 P125 P126 P127


Number of digital inputs 2 2 3 5 4 7 7
Total number of outputs relays 4 4 6 8 6 8 8
Events recording 250 0 250 250 250 250 250
Fault recording 25 0 25 25 25 25 25
Disturbance recording 5 0 5 5 5 5 5
Setting group 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
Auxiliary timers 0 2 3 4 4 4 4
Communication IEC60870-5-103, DNP 3.0 & Modbus RTU • • • • • • •
Courier • • • •
Time synchronisation Via rear communication port (DCS) • • • • • •
Via digital input (external clock) • • • • • •
Settings software MiCOM S1 using RS232 front port • • • • • • •
Logic equation AND, OR and NOT gates (8 equations) • • • • •
Measurements RMS currents values & frequency • • • • • • •
Peak and rolling currents values • • • •
Max and average currents values • • • •
Phase and/or neutral angle • • •
Max and average voltage values •
Power and Energy •
Apparent power and apparent energy •
PROTECTION FUNCTIONS THERMAL OVERLOAD (49)

THREE-PHASE OVERCURRENT (50/51) Transformers and cables must be protected taking into
& EARTH OVERCURRENT (50N/51N) account of their particular thermal characteristics.
MiCOM P122/3 &P126/7 relays include a thermal
Three independent stages are available either for phase replica element based on the true RMS value of the
and earth fault protection. For the first and second stage current, up to 10th harmonic. Alarm and overload
the user may independently select definite time delay thresholds and time constant are fully programmable
(DTOC) or inverse time delay (IDMT) with different type to match each application requirement.
of curves (IEC, IEEE/ANSI, RI, RECT). The third stage
can be configured for peak detection and with definite
time only. Each stage and related time delay can be HIGH IMPEDANCE
programmed to provide maximum selectivity. The IDMT RESTRICTED EARTH-FAULT (64N)
stages have reset definite or IDMT timer to reduce
clearance times when intermittent faults occur. MiCOM P12x range offer the REF feature applied to
enhanced ground fault detection on each transformer
The MiCOM P12x/y relays have separate instantaneous winding.
and delayed information for each stage. The relays ensure a high degree of stability against
P126 & P127 can indicate the phase(s) in fault by external fault conditions and a reliable performance
configuring output relays (first stage only). against internal faults.
All the 50N/51N stages can be used for this application.

THREE-PHASE & EARTH-FAULT


DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT (46)
(67/67N)
The MiCOM P122/3 & P126/7 relays include a
Each of the three-phase overcurrent stages of P127 & programmable function specially designed to detect
earth fault stages of P125/6/7 can be independently unbalanced load or fault conditions.
configured as directional protection and with specific The three stages of negative sequence overcurrent
characteristic angle (RCA) and boundaries. The phase have the same setting ranges and time delay as
fault directional elements are internally polarised by the phase overcurrent.
quadrature phase to phase voltages.A synchronous
polarising function is provided to ensure a correct
operation of the overcurrent elements for close-up
three phase faults where the collapse of the polarising
line voltages occurs.

In addition to the residual current, the residual voltage


must be connected to a dedicated input or internally
calculated as vector sum (P127 only) in order to make
possible the directional operation of the earth-fault.
Each earth-fault directional stage measures the
residual current, the residual voltage, and the angle
between residual voltage and current.

Tripping Characteristics Directional Overcurrent Tripping Zone

RCA
angle
Ith U
I
Time

I>
rip ping
t> ard t
Forw
I>> zone
t>>
I< I>>> t>>>
e
g zon
e tr ippin
rs
Reve
Current

4>5
BROKEN CONDUCTOR (46BC) HIGH IMPEDANCE THREE-PHASE
DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION (87)
A typical unbalanced fault that can occur on the system
is an open circuit fault. This fault can arise from broken The phase inputs of MiCOM P12x relays can be applied
conductor, discrepancy of one switchgear poles position in the typical high-impedance scheme for busbar or
or blowing of a fuse. machine protection.
MiCOM P122/3 and P126/7 relays are able to measure The relays ensure a high degree of stability against
the ratio of negative to positive sequence current (I2/I1). external fault conditions and a reliable performance
This fully programmable function allows more sensitivity against internal faults.
and stability than pure negative sequence All the 50/51 stages can be used for this application,
measurement. the third stage configured in peak mode is recommended
for the best performance.

THREE-PHASE DIRECTIONAL POWER


PROTECTION (32) UNDER/OVER VOLTAGE (27/59)

MiCOM P127 provides the three-phase directional The P127 relay provides two independent under-voltage
power protection which monitors the active and reactive stages and two over-voltage stages. They are definite
power limits and detects power drop and reversal of time elements. Each stage can be configured
direction. It can be used, for instance, to protect to operate in single-phase mode (OR mode) or three-
alternators from reverse power. Two thresholds are phase mode (AND mode).
available.

UNDER/OVER FREQUENCY (81U/O)


UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION (37)
Time delayed under and over frequency protection
MiCOM P122/3 & P126/7 relays provide a definite time available on P127 provides the fundamental form of
undercurrent protection. This function allows typical frequency protection. When the frequency measured is
applications such as loss of load or simple broken crossing one of the 6 pre-defined thresholds, the relays
conductor detection. generates a start signal and after a user settable time
delay, a trip signal.

RESIDUAL OVERVOLTAGE (59N)

P125/6/7 provides an additional residual over-voltage


Trip Zone
stage that can be used for generic earth faults
detection, particularly in insulated neutral system
or as backup at busbar level.
P>>
P>
CIRCUIT BREAKER FAILURE
α α Q
-Q> Q> PROTECTION (50BF)

Over Power Tripping Zone The circuit breaker failure verifies the effective opening
of the CB by a dedicated undercurrent threshold.
The circuit breaker failure function can be activated by
trip of a generic protection or/and external command
by the relevant digital input. The circuit breaker failure
protection can be used for tripping upstream circuit
breakers too.

MiCOM P12x/y,
the easy, safe and fast way
to detect the fault
in your power system.
VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OVERCURRENT COLD LOAD PICK UP
(51V)
Cold load pick-up temporarily raises the setting of
The 51V function is controlled by under-voltage V< (27) selectable stages closer to the load profile, avoiding
and negative sequence over voltage V2> (47). The unwanted trips.
50/51 functions are supervised by voltage transformer
supervision (VTS).
When VTS is detected, overcurrent function can be AUTORECLOSER (79)
blocked or changed to a non directional overcurrent.
Moreover, as soon as VTS is detected, all protection MiCOM P123 and P126/7 relays include a 4-shot
functions which needs voltage measure will be blocked triphase autorecloser. All the programmed protection
(27 & 32N, for instance). functions may independently start any of the shots and
the user can program which functions are allowed to trip
after any of the shots. This makes possible special
SWITCH ON TO FAULT PROTECTION reclosing cycles e.g. as requested for coordination
with fuses in distribution with tapped transformers.
Closing of a circuit breaker might inadvertently lead Dead and reclaim times are freely adjustable.
to a short-circuit fault due to a maintenance ground A counter stores the number of reclose commands.
clamp not yet removed. The P12x/y relays incorporate This information is free locally or remotely.
configurable switch on to fault protection. It provides an
instantaneous trip during a settable time after local or
remote manual close or after an automatic reclosing. OUTPUTS CONTACT

Any outputs, including trip, can be latched. Reset of


BLOCKING LOGIC the latched outputs is possible by digital input, operator
action on the Human Machine Interface or by remote
When the MiCOM P12x/y relays are used in critical communication (Digital Control System).
networks, management of protection relays must take The two first output contacts (RL1 & RL2) can be used
surrounding devices into consideration. Two blocking as failsafe relays to provide a “fail safe alarm” in case
digital inputs can be independently configured to lock of power supply loss or major hardware failure. Other
any combination of the selected elements (i.e. current available relays can be inverted to reverse NO relays
or voltage stages, thermal replica, etc). operating condition (output relays closing when logical
state of the signal changes from 1 to 0).

SELECTIVE RELAY SCHEME LOGIC


COMMUNICATION & SYNCHRONIZATION
The P122/3 and P126/7 relays include selective relay
scheme logic. A dedicated digital input can temporarily The MiCOM P12x/y offers a wide range of communication
alter the time delay settings in response to the protocols, allowing its utilization in most of the network
phase/earth fault start condition of a downstream relay. control and data acquisition systems (via Modbus,
This function allows the MiCOM relays to quickly clear IEC 60870-5-103, DNP3.0 & Courier/K-Bus)
the fault when used in a cascade scheme. It has been designed for permanent multidrop
connection through the rear RS485 communication port.
Cold-load characteristics
The MiCOM P12x/y incorporates an internal clock to
allow a 1ms accuracy time tagging of alarms, events,
Time

fault and disturbance record. To avoid any drifting of


the time tagging clock, it’s necessary to periodically
synchronize the relays. To do this P12x/y offers two
solutions:
• Synchronization from the substation control system
via the rear communication port
• Synchronization from an external GPS clock
via a dedicated digital input

Nominal Current
threshold

Proven protection
as safe, simple and versatile
as your application needs.
6>7
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITORING
AND SUPERVISION
SETTING GROUPS
Circuit-breaker preventive maintenance is an advanced
External conditions may request the need for different function provided by the MiCOM P122/3 and P126/7
settings. MiCOM P122/3 and P125/6/7 provide two relays with adjustable closing and opening time
independents setting groups. Active setting group can measurements. All fault phase currents I or I2 are
be switched to the other from the local HMI or from cumulated to inform about total interrupted current.
external conditions (digital input change of state or These relays allow trip circuit supervision by using
DCS control). a specific input.

MULTI-LANGUAGE USER INTERFACE EVENT RECORDING


(HMI)
250 events are stored in MiCOM P12x/y relays (even
All functions, including protection, automation, after a power supply loss) Events include inputs/outputs,
communication, LEDs, inputs and outputs, can be change of status, alarms and contact operations.
programmed and modified using the front panel user To upload them, it is possible to use the RS232 front
interface (Human Machine Interface). port (MiCOM S1) or the rear serial port (DCS). Event
The backlit LCD informs the user about settings, records are stored on a non volatile flash memory.
measurements & faults thanks to the pull-down
structure menu allowing easy and quick access to any
data. Moreover, even if the relay is delivered with the FAULT RECORDING
language specified at the order, the user can change
the language used within the relays from the HMI. The last 25 faults are stored inside the MiCOM P12x/y
relays.
Each fault includes: Record number/ Fault time / Active
setting group / Faulted phase / Protection operation /
Magnitude of input quantities
Clear Enter Key
Fault indicator helps the user to clearly identify the
Key
fault and to monitor relay setting and operations as all
Read
Key information are available on the relay HMI.
Trip Led
Fault records are stored on a non volatile flash memory.
Alarm Led

Device fail DISTURBANCE RECORDING


Cursor
Power Keys Up to 5 disturbance files of max 3 seconds each are
supply stored in the relays. There are stored in COMTRADE
format.
Freely RS 232
The disturbance recording function is triggered either
Programmable
by any of the programmed thresholds or by an external
Leds
input, or through the communications.
All digital and analogical information are stored in
Battery is not used anymore
a flash memory and can be transferred using the front
communication port or the rear port to be used by
an external data analyser. Disturbance records are
stored on a non volatile flash memory.

Example of
disturbance record
LOGIC EQUATIONS AREVA TRACK RECORD -
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
The MiCOM P121/2/3 & P126/7 relays integrate
>> MCGG: First Microprocessor based overcurrent relay launched
complete logic equations to allow customization of the
in 1984. More than 80000 devices installed.
product based on customer application.
Up to 8 independent Boolean equations can be used. >> OPN/MODN: First Numerical overcurrent relay launched in 1988.
More than 9800 devices installed.
Each equation offers the possibility to use AND, OR &
NOT logical gates. Up to 16 parameters can be used >> PS4xx: First Numerical overcurrent relay launched in 1990.
for each equation. Every result of equation can be time More than 25000 devices installed.
delayed and assigned to any output relays, trip, trip >> KCGG/KCEG/KCEU: First Numerical overcurrent relay launched
latching and/or HMI LEDs. in 1993. More than 75000 devices installed.
>> MX3AMxxx: First Numerical overcurrent relay launched in 1995.
More than 14000 devices installed.
Gate Logic Relay >> MiCOM P12x and P12y range: First MiCOM P20 Numerical
Optos contacts overcurrent relay launched in 1998. More than 150 000 devices
installed.
Protection
elements

Timers

MiCOM is a registered trademark of AREVA. All trade names or trademarks mentioned herein whether registered or not, are the property of their owners. - 389191982 RCS PARIS - Printed in France - SONOVISION-ITEP
Automatic
Control LED's
HARDWARE & CASE

MiCOM P12x/y are based on advanced numerical


technology. All the models of the MiCOM P12x/y series
have a 4U draw out metal case, and can be flush-
MiCOM S1 SUPPORT SOFTWARE mounted in switchboard or panel or rack-mounted.
All the CT inputs are automatically short-circuited as
A Support Software MiCOM S1 is available for the soon as the active unit is withdrawn in its case. The
entire MiCOM family, including P12x/y relays. S1 is fully unique voltage range from 48-250Vac/dc has been

AUTOMATION-L3-P12x/y-BR-06.07-1668-GB - © - AREVA - 2007. AREVA, the AREVA logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of AREVA.
Windows TM compatible. This support Software allows developed to offer more flexibility to the user. For
easy setting of any MiCOM P12x/y model, preparing, specific applications where low power supply voltage is
storing, and retrieving setting files for further download needed, it also exists a 24-60Vdc supply board.
on relay. In addition S1 makes possible reading
measurements and downloading event, fault and
disturbance records for post-fault analysis purpose. WIRING

External connections are made via MIDOS type


terminal blocks. Each connection includes two 4.8 mm
Faston and one M4 screw fixing. The wiring for all the
MiCOM P12x/y are standard to provide maximum
compatibility.

AREVA T&D Worldwide Contact Centre: Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the
http://www.areva-td.com/contactcentre/ design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort
is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should only
Tel.: +44 (0) 1785 250 070 be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes
only.Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advise on the
application of any product referred to in it. We cannot be held
www.areva-td.com responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents
without specific advice.
www.areva-td.com/protectionrelays

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