Data Communications Networks

DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
INTRODUCTION
DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS (TOMASI)
• Any group of computers connected together forms a data
communications network.
• Networking is the process of sharing resources between
computers over a data communications network.
• It began when the need to share software and data
resources became apparent, leading to the development
of more efficient methods for data sharing.
BENEFITS OF DATA COMMUNICATIONS
NETWORKS
©GOOGLE ©GOOGLE ©GOOGLE

1 Efficient Resource Sharing 2.Enhanced Security 3. Improve Communication
-Data communications networks -Network security features help -By facilitating the transfer of
information, data
allow the efficient sharing of protect shared information,
communications networks
resources between connected ensuring that sensitive data is enable seamless
computers. This includes shared safeguarded and only accessible communication among users,
contributing to enhanced
data, shared printers, and other to authorized users, reducing productivity and collaboration
peripherals, enhancing the risk of unauthorized access across organizational
departments.
collaboration among users. and data breaches. .
https://onlinedegrees.sandiego.edu/data-communication/
NETWORKING APPLICATIONS (Tomasi)
APPLICATIONS EXAMPLES
STANDARD OFFICE APPLICATIONS Email, file transfers, and printing
HIGH-END OFFICE APPLICATIONS Video imaging, computer aided drafting , computer aided
design and software development
MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION Process and Numerical control
MAINFRAME CONNECTIVITY Personal computers, workstations, and terminal support
MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS Live interactive video

FACTORS INVOLVED IN
DESIGNING A COMPUTER
NETWORK (Tomasi)
1. Network goals as defined by organizational

management.
2. Network Security.
3. Network Uptime Requirements.
4. Network Response-Time Requirements.
5. Network and Resource Cost.
Network Components,
Functions, and Features
• Computer networks are diverse and unique, evolving over
time.
• Components include end stations, applications, and
network infrastructure.
• Older designs may struggle with newer high-end
applications.
• Network designers adapt to emerging technologies.
• Common elements: servers, clients, transmission media,
shared data, printers, peripherals.
• Hardware and software resources like NICs, LOS, and NOS
form a shared foundation.
• This commonality allows for consistent understanding and
management of evolving networks.
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Basic_computer_network_components#:~:text=Computer%2
0networks%20share%20common%20devices,network%20operating%20system%20(NOS).
Network Components, Functions, and Features
SERVERS
• A server is a computer or system that provides
resources, data, services, or programs to other
computers, known as clients, over a network. In
theory, whenever computers share resources with
client machines they are considered servers.
©GOOGLE
CLIENTS
• Used in home and corporate networks, a client is any
computer hardware or software device that requests
access to a service provided by a server. Clients are
typically seen as the requesting program or user in a
client-server architecture.
©GOOGLE
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Basic_computer_network_components#:~:text=Computer%20networks%20sh
are%20common%20devices,network%20operating%20system%20(NOS).
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
Transmission media serve as the conduits for data transfer in
a network. They can be physical cables or wireless channels
with specific features such as bandwidth, propagation
characteristics, and susceptibility to interference. The primary
functions include enabling data transmission, providing
connectivity, influencing speed and efficiency, and
contributing to the overall reliability of the network ©GOOGLE
SHARED DATA
Shared data is a fundamental concept in computer networks
that enables collaborative work and resource efficiency. It
involves features like access permissions, centralized storage,
and version control. The functions include supporting
collaborative work, improving resource efficiency, providing
real-time updates, and ensuring data integrity within the
network.
©GOOGLE
SHARED PRINTERS and other PERIPHERALS

Shared printers and other peripherals in a network provide
shared access to essential devices. They feature network
connectivity, access control, and centralized management.
Their functions include print sharing, peripheral access, and
supporting collaborative work within the network.
©GOOGLE
NETWORK INTERFACE CARD

A Network Interface Card (NIC) is a crucial network device
that provides connectivity between a device and a network. It
features data link layer connectivity, a unique MAC address,
and supports specific speeds and duplex settings. Its
functions include network connectivity, data framing, error
handling, and protocol support.
©GOOGLE
UNIX MS-DOS
LOCAL OPERATING SYSTEM (LOS) Macintosh

A Local Operating System, also known as a PC operating
system, refers to the software installed on individual
computers. It serves as an interface between the hardware
WINDOWS
components of a PC and the software applications running on
it. Local Operating System is a crucial component that
facilitates communication between users and their devices, Personal Computer
providing an interface for interaction and managing various ©GOOGLE
hardware and software resources.
NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS)

Network operating system. The network operating system
(NOS) is s program that runs on computers and servers that
allows the computers to communicate over a network. The
NOS provides services to clients such as log-in features,
password authentication, printer access, network
administration functions, and data file sharing.
©GOOGLE
CONCLUSION
Data communication networks are indispensable in our
interconnected world, supporting a wide range of
applications and services. The evolution of networking
technologies continues to shape the way we
communicate, collaborate, and access information. As
the demand for seamless connectivity and data
exchange grows, the development of robust and
efficient data communication networks remains a
critical aspect of our technological landscape. With
ongoing advancements in networking technologies, the
future promises even more sophisticated and capable
data communication solutions, further enhancing our
ability to connect and share information across the
globe.

Data Communications Networks

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DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

©GOOGLE ©GOOGLE ©GOOGLE

MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION Process and Numerical control

MAINFRAME CONNECTIVITY Personal computers, workstations, and terminal support

MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS Live interactive video

1. Network goals as defined by organizational

SHARED PRINTERS and other PERIPHERALS

NETWORK INTERFACE CARD

LOCAL OPERATING SYSTEM (LOS) Macintosh

hardware and software resources.

NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM (NOS)

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