Maths CALA
Maths CALA
Maths CALA
Background: It has been identified that learners have problems in identifying and
interpreting
different graphs and also use them in everyday situations.
Introduction: Graphs are very important in our lives. A fair amount of children don’t know
this, so they just toss them aside and take them for granted. This can result in
the pupils failing exams or failing to apply themselves when there are questions about graphs
in tests and exams.
Definition of terms
Learners – people that are learning a subject or skill.
Problems – matters or situations regarded as unwelcome or harmful and needing to
be dealt with and overcome.
Identifying – to recognize a problem, need, fact and etc.
Interpreting – explaining.
Different – not the same.
Graphs – diagrams that represent something.
Situations – the locations and surroundings of a place.
PART A
Graphs
1. Line graph – William Playfair, the Scottish engineer is the one who is credited with
creating this graph. This is a graph that uses lines to connect individual data points
and it displays values over a specified time interval.
2. Bar graph – for this graph William Playfair is also given credit for this graph that
was created in 1780. It is a graph that plots numeric values for levels of a categorical
feature as bars. Levels are plotted on one chart axis, and values are plotted on the
other axis.
3. Pie chart – This chart was the last graph to be made by William Playfair as it was
created in 1801. A pie chart is a type of graph that represents the data in the circular
graph.
4. Histogram – A histogram is a kind of bar graph that was first introduced by Karl
Pearson in 1891. It is a type of chart that shows the frequency distribution of data
points across a continuous range of numerical values.
5. Pictogram – The invention of pictograms cannot be attributed to one person. Instead,
the use of them can be attributed to a few different cultures that invented them
independently of one another. These cultures are Sumerians, the Chinese and
Egyptians. It uses symbols to show resemblance to a physical object.
6. Area graph – William Playfair also created this graph in 1786. This graph displays
graphically quantitative data and is based on the line chart. The area between the axis
and the line are commonly emphasized with colours, textures and hatchings.
7. Bullet graph – A bullet graph is a variation of a bar graph developed by Stephen Few
in 2005. It is a bar marked with extra encodings to show progress towards a goal or
performance against a reference line. Each bar focuses the user on one measure,
bringing in more visual elements to provide additional detail.
Interpretation of graphs
1. Bar graph
Apple 35 people
Orange 30 people
Banana 10 people
Kiwifruit 25 people
Blueberry 40 people
Grapes 5 people
2. Pictogram
May 20mm
June 80mm
July 180mm
August 170mm
September 120mm
October 50mm
November 40mm
December 10mm
Graph
Results in examinations
12
10
0
Maths English Heritage FAREME Science Shona
Assessment in subjects
12
10
0
Maths Science PE
Boys Girls