Elements of Fiction

Elements of Fiction
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Learning Outcomes
1. Define the elements of fiction using one’s words;
2. Use story grammar technique in analyzing story;
Theme
• It is the central idea on which the

entire story is founded.
• It is usually an abstract noun.
• It supplies “what is the story about?”
Theme
Universal and Recurring Themes
Love Joy/Happiness
Creation Sadness/Sorrow
Death Poverty
Distraction Power
Fear Frustration
Character
• It is a make-believe personality that act in
a narrative.
• It could be a person, or animals and
inanimate objects that are given human
attributes
Character
Classifications
• Round or Dynamic
• Flat or Static
• Protagonist or Hero
• Antagonist or Villain
• Phlegm
Setting
It is the time and place of the
narrative.
Setting
Types
Explicit
It is expressed in words or directly
mentioned.
“Once upon a time in a faraway
kingdom, there lived a good and brave king
with his angelic beautiful queen.”
Setting
Types
Implicit
It is not directly mentioned but rather
requires the readers to infer based on how
the narrative is presented.
Setting
“She stepped down from the carretela of Ca Celin with a quick, delicate grace.
She was lovely. She was tall. She looked up to my brother with a smile, and her
forehead was on a level with his mouth.
"You are Baldo," she said and placed her hand lightly on my shoulder. Her nails
were long, but they were not painted. She was fragrant like a morning when
papayas are in bloom. And a small dimple appeared momently high on her right
cheek. "And this is Labang of whom I have heard so much." She held the wrist
of one hand with the other and looked at Labang, and Labang never stopped
chewing his cud. He swallowed and brought up to his mouth more cud and the
sound of his insides was like a drum.
I laid a hand on Labang's massive neck and said to her: "You may scratch his
forehead now."
She hesitated and I saw that her eyes were on the long, curving horns. But she
came and touched Labang's forehead with her long fingers, and Labang never
stopped chewing his cud except that his big eyes half closed. And by and by
she was scratching his forehead very daintily.”
Conflict
This includes the problems in the
narratives.
Conflict
Types
Character vs. Character

Character vs. Nature
Character vs. Beast
Character vs. Society
Character vs. Himself/Herself
Plot
• It is the series and how the events
in the narrative are arranged.
• It is blueprint or the plan of the
narrative.
• It is dependent to time.
Plot
Kinds
Chronological
Historical
Flashback
Contingent
It is composed of several subplots each having it
own set of characters, and conflicts which build a
single theme.
Parts of Plot
Exposition
It is the part of the plot that

exposes or introduces the setting
and characters.
Parts of Plot
Complication or Rising Action
It is the part of the plot that

unfolds the problems in the
narrative.
Parts of Plot
Climax
• It is the turning point in the

story.
• It is the shortest part of the plot
but has the highest point of
emotion (most exciting).
Parts of Plot
Falling Action
• It is the part of the plot

immediately after the climax.
• It is the part of the plot where
the problems are being
resolved.
Parts of Plot
Resolution or Denouement
• It is the concluding part of the

narrative.
• In most cases, it is the part
where the lesson or value the
narrative teaches is found.
Point of View
• This refers to the kind of perspective
used in the narrative.
• Point of View should not be
confused with the narrator.
• The narrator tells the narrative, but
point of view is the perspective used
by the narrator or sometimes the
author himself/herself in narrating.
Point of View
Kinds
First Person Point of View

• The story is told using the first person
pronouns like I or we.
• The one who tells the story is directly
involved in the events in the story.
• The one who tells the story is one of the
characters.
Point of View
Kinds
Third Person Limited Point of View

• The narrative is told using the third person
pronouns like he, she, it or they.
• The one who tells the story is an observer
of the story.
• The one who tells the story can only tell
what he/she can physically observe.
Point of View
Kinds
Third Person Omniscient Point of View

• The narrative is told using the third person pronouns like
he, she, it or they.
• The one who tells the story is an observer of the story.
• The one who tells the story is “all-knowing”. He/she
can give background information about the characters or
events, may also tell what future events may happen.
He/she can read the thoughts of the character, can read
and interpret the character’s emotion.
Style
• This refers to how the author
presents his/her narrative.
• Style includes the choice of
words, syntax, diction, tone,
choice of plot, choice of theme,
way of characterization, choice of
settings, choice of conflicts, and
many more.
Symbol
These are objects, characters, or
events that represent another thought.
These thoughts are important to be
unfolded by the readers as they are
key to better, and correctly understand
the narrative.
Lesson
This refers to what values and
realities the author directly or
indirectly wants the readers to
learn from the narrative.

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Elements of Fiction

ALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts

• It is the central idea on which the

Character vs. Character

It is the part of the plot that

It is the part of the plot that

• It is the turning point in the

• It is the part of the plot

• It is the concluding part of the

First Person Point of View

Third Person Limited Point of View

Third Person Omniscient Point of View

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