ENERGY PROFILE

Norway
COUNTRY INDICATORS AND SDGS
7.1.1 Access to electricity (% population)
GDP per capita 8.1.1 Real GDP growth rate 7.3.1 Energy intensity
7.1.2 Access to clean cooking (% population)
3.4% 3.9 7.2.1 Renewable energy (% TFEC)
4% 67.5 68
100%
3.8 100%
3% 67
95%
3.7

MJ/USD GDP 2017 PPP

66

USD'000s 2017 PPP

80%
2%
3.6
65
1% 60%
3.5
64
0% 3.4 3.4
40%
63
3.3
-1% 62 20%
3.2
-2% 61
3.1 0% 0%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

7.a.1 Public flows to renewables 7.b.1 Per capita renewable capacity 11.6.2 Air particulate matter (PM2.5)

1.0 1.0 Urban Average Rural WHO safe

0.9 0.9 9
0.8 0.8 8 6.8
6.3 6.4 6.3 6.3
0.7 0.7 7
USD millions 2019

0.6 0.6
W/ person

6
0.5 0.5 PM2.5 (μm/m3) 5
0.4 0.4 4
0.3 0.3 3
0.2 0.2 2
0.1 0.1 0.0
0.0
1
0
0.0 0.0 0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

TOTAL ENERGY SUPPLY (TES)

Total Energy Supply (TES) 2015 2020 Total energy supply in 2020
Non-renewable (TJ) 709 684 598 144
Renewable (TJ) 520 046 555 695
Oil
Total (TJ) 1 229 730 1 153 838
31%
Renewable share (%) 42 48 Gas
48%
Nuclear

Growth in TES 2015-20 2019-20 Coal + others

Non-renewable (%) -15.7 -2.6 16% Renewables
Renewable (%) +6.9 -9.9
4%
Total (%) -6.2 -6.3

Renewable energy supply in 2020

Primary energy trade 2015 2020
0%
Imports (TJ) 338 993 454 557 11%
Exports (TJ) 7 773 889 7 985 566 7% Hydro/marine
Net trade (TJ) 7 434 896 7 531 009 Wind

Imports (% of supply) 28 39 Solar

Exports (% of production) 89 91 Bioenergy
Energy self-sufficiency (%) 708 758 83%
Geothermal
 RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION (TFEC)

Renewable TFEC trend Renewable energy consumption in 2020

Electricity Commercial heat Bioenergy Geothermal Solar direct
1 400
1 185
1 200 1 087 1 116 1 117 1 104
1 062
1 000
Petajoules (PJ)

47%
800
52%
600
400
200
1%
0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 n.a.
21%
Consumption by sector 2015 2020 Industry
Industry (TJ) 223 238 248 388 2% Transport
Transport (TJ) 10 047 25 022 Households
Households (TJ) 203 747 212 685 59% 18% Other
Other (TJ) 650 251 698 783

ELECTRICITY CAPACITY

Installed capacity trend Renewable capacity in 2022

Non-renewable
Fossil fuels Nuclear 721 Other Non-RE 2 0%
Renewable 39 650 98 Hydro/marine
Hydro/marine Wind Solar 1% 13%
Hydro/marine
Bioenergy Geothermal 34 118 85
Renewable share
Solar 321 1 Solar
45
Wind 5 134 100%13
40 40 Wind
Bioenergy 39 77 98% 0
40 37
Geothermal 35 0 0
34 34 34 Bioenergy
Total
35 40 371 100
86%
Capacity change (%) 2017-22 2021-22 Geothermal
Renewable share (%)

30
Gigawatts (GW)

Non-renewable - 29 - 20.0
25
Renewable + 19 + 0.6
Hydro/marine
20 + 7 + 0.1 Net capacity change (GW)
Solar + 616 + 56.5 Fossil fuels Renewable
15
Wind + 325 + 1.7 3
2.1
Bioenergy - 12 0.0
10 2
Geothermal 0 0.0
1.5
Total5 + 18 + 0.2 1.4
2
1.1
0 80% 1
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
0.4
1 0.2
Net capacity change in 2022 (MW) 0.0 0.0 0.0
0
Non-renewable Hydro and marine 0.0
- 0.2 - 0.2
-1
- 180 + 43 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Solar Wind Capacity utilisation in 2021 (%)

+ 116 + 85 Fossil fuels 12%

Bioenergy Geothermal Nuclear

Hydro/Marine 48%
0 0 Solar 11%
Wind 30%
Bioenergy 33%
Geothermal

0 20 40 60 80 100
 ELECTRICITY GENERATION

Generation in 2021 GWh % Electricity generation trend

Non-renewable 1 865 1 Fossil fuels Nuclear Other Non-RE
Renewable 156 101 99 Hydro/marine Wind Solar
Hydro and marine 143 934 91 Bioenergy Geothermal Renewable share
Solar 175 0
180 100%
Wind 11 769 7
155 158 99%
Bioenergy 224 0 160 149 150 147
Geothermal 0 0 135
Total 157 966 100 140

Gigawatt-hours (GWh)

Renewable share (%)

Per capita electricity generation (kWh) 120

Total Renewable 100

40 000
80
30 000
60
20 000 40
10 000 20

0 0 80%
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

LATEST POLICIES, PROGRAMMES AND LEGISLATION

1 2023 fuel tax cuts 2023

2 Competitions for offshore wind development 2023

3 State budget 2023 - extension of households' electricity subsidy 2023

4 2022 - 2033 National Transport Plan - Railway 2022

5 2022 - 2033 National Transport Plan - Urban growth agreement 2022

ENERGY AND EMISSIONS

Energy-related CO2 emissions by sector Elec. & heat generation CO2 emissions in

Elec. & heat Other Industrial Transport Other Buildings

-9%
50 21%
21% Coal + others
Mt CO2 Emissions

40

30 Gas

20

10 Oil
58%
0.0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Avoided emissions from renewable elec. & heat CO2 emission factor for elec. & heat generation
Emitted CO2 RE Avoided CO2 NOR Europe World
300 4 000
3 500
250
3 000
Mt CO2 Emissions

200
tCO2 /GWh

2 500
ENERGY AND EMISSIONS
150 2 000
1 500
100
1 000
50
500
14 12
0.0 0.0
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. + heat gen.
 RENEWABLE RESOURCE POTENTIAL
Distribution of solar potential Distribution of wind potential
World Norway World Norway
100% 100%

80% 80%

Proportion of land area

Proportion of land area

60% 60%

40% 40%

20% 20%

0% 0%
<1.2 1.2 - 1.4 1.4 - 1.6 1.6 - 1.8 1.8 - 1.9 1.9 - 2.0 >2.0 <260 260-420 420-560 560-670 670-820 820-1060 >1060

Annual generation per unit of installed PV capacity (MWh/kWp) Wind power density at 100m height (W/m2)

Biomass potential: net primary production Indicators of renewable resource potential

5 6
Solar PV: Solar resource potential has been divided into seven classes,
4 7 each representing a range of annual PV output per unit of capacity
(kWh/kWp/yr). The bar chart shows the proportion of a country's land area
in each of these classes and the global distribution of land area across the
3 8 classes (for comparison).
Onshore wind: Potential wind power density (W/m2) is shown in the seven
classes used by NREL, measured at a height of 100m. The bar chart shows
2 9 the distribution of the country's land area in each of these classes
compared to the global distribution of wind resources. Areas in the third
class or above are considered to be a good wind resource.

200 Biomass: Net primary production (NPP) is the amount of carbon fixed by
1 10 plants and accumulated as biomass each year. It is a basic measure of
5.5 biomass productivity. The chart shows the average NPP in the country
0 tC/ha/yr 11 (tC/ha/yr), compared to the global average NPP of 3-4 tonnes of carbon

= Global average of 3-4 tC/ha/yr

Sources: IRENA statistics, plus data from the following sources: UN SDG Database
(original sources: WHO; World Bank; IEA; IRENA; and UNSD); UN World Population
Prospects; UNSD Energy Balances; UN COMTRADE; World Bank World Development
Indicators; EDGAR; REN21 Global Status Report; IEA -IRENA Joint Policies and Measures
Database; IRENA Global Atlas; and World Bank Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind
Atlas.

Additional notes: Capacity per capita and public investments SDGs only apply to
developing areas. Energy self-sufficiency has been defined as total primary energy
production divided by total primary energy supply. Energy trade includes all
commodities in Chapter 27 of the Harmonised System (HS). Capacity utilisation is
calculated as annual generation divided by year-end capacity x 8,760h/year. Avoided
emissions from renewable power is calculated as renewable generation divided by fossil
fuel generation multiplied by reported emissions from the power sector. This assumes
that, if renewable power did not exist, fossil fuels would be used in its place to generate
the same amount of power and using the same mix of fossil fuels. In countries and years
where no fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been
used to calculate the avoided emissions.

These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in

IRENA Headquarters renewable energy in different countries and areas. The IRENA statistics team would
Masdar City welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can be sent to
P.O. Box 236, Abu Dhabi [email protected].
United Arab Emirates Last updated on: 8th August, 2023
www.irena.org