VIDHYAA GIRI COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS USING C++P RACTICAL RECORD NOTEBOOK

Class: I BSC computer Science

Register Number: _______________

Name: _________________________

Subject Name: ______________________________ Subject Code:

________________________

Signature of the Incharge

PROGRAM 1: FUNCTION OVERLOADING

AIM:

To write a c++ program for simple calculation using function overloading.

PROGRAM:

#include <iostream.h>

#include <conio.h>

class funOverloader {

public:

void print(int a, int b) {

cout << "Sum: " << a + b << endl;

void print(double a, double b) {

cout << "Product: " << a * b << endl;

void print(char *str) {

cout << "String: " << str << endl;

};

int main() {

funOverloader obj;

obj.print(3, 5);

obj.print(2.5, 4.0);

obj.print("Hello, Overload!");

getch();

return 0;

}
OUTPUT:

Sum=8

Product=9.2

String=Hello World!

RESULT:

Thus the above program has been executed and verified.

PROGRAM 2: DEFAULT ARGUMENTS

AIM:

To write a c++ program using Default Argument.

PROGRAM:

#include <iostream.h>

#include <conio.h>

// Function with default arguments

void greetUser(const char *name = "Guest", int age = 0) {

cout << "Hello, " << name;

if (age > 0) {

cout << ". Age: " << age;

cout << endl;

int main() {

// Call the function with default arguments

greetUser();

greetUser("Alice");

greetUser("Bob", 25);

getch();

return 0;

OUTPUT:

Hello,Guest

Hello,Alice

Hello,Bob.age:25
PROGRAM 3: INLINE FUNCTION

Aim:

To write a c++ program for finding square number using Inline Function.

PROGRAM:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

inlineint Max(int x, int y)

return (x > y)? x : y;

void main() {

cout<<"Max (20,10): " << Max(20,10) <<endl;

cout<< "Max (0,200): " << Max(0,200) <<endl;

cout<<"Max (100,1010): " << Max(100,1010) <<endl;

getch();

OUTPUT:

Max(20,10): 20

Max(0,200): 200

Max(100,1010): 1010

RESULT:

Thus the above program has been executed and verified.

PROGRAM 4: CLASS AND OBJECT

Aim:

To write a c++ program for using Class and Objects.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

class Rectangle {
private:
int length;
int width;

public:
Rectangle(int l, int w) {
length = l;
width = w;
}

int calculateArea() {
return length * width;
}

int calculatePerimeter() {
return 2 * (length + width);
}
};

int main() {

Rectangle rect1(5, 4);

Rectangle rect2(3, 7);

cout << "Area of rect1: " << rect1.calculateArea() << endl;

cout << "Perimeter of rect1: " << rect1.calculatePerimeter() << endl;

cout << "Area of rect2: " << rect2.calculateArea() << endl;

cout << "Perimeter of rect2: " << rect2.calculatePerimeter() << endl;

return 0;
}

Output:

Area of rect1: 20
Perimeter of rect1: 18
Area of rect2: 21
Perimeter of rect2: 20

PROGRAM 5: PASSING OBJECTS TO FUNCTIONS

Aim:

To write a c++ program for finding complex number using the concept of Passing Object Functions.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class complex{

int a;

int b;

public:

void setData(int v1, int v2){

a = v1;

b = v2;

void setDataBySum(complex o1, complex o2){

a = o1.a + o2.a;

b = o1.b + o2.b;

void printNumber(){

cout<<"Your complex number is "<<a<<" + "<<b<<"i"<<endl;

};

int main(){

complex c1, c2, c3;

c1.setData(1, 2);

c1.printNumber();

c2.setData(3, 4);

c2.printNumber();
 c3.setDataBySum(c1, c2);

c3.printNumber();

getch();

clrscr();

return 0;

Output:

Your complex number is 1+2i

Your complex number is 3+4i

Your complex number is 4+6i

Program 6: FRIEND FUNCTION

Aim:

To write a c++ program to calculate the length of given box using friend function.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Box

private:

int length;

public:

Box():length(0){}

friend int printLength(Box);

};

int printLength(Box b)

b.length+=10;

return b.length;

void main()

Box b;

cout<<"Length of box="<<printLength(b)<<endl;

getch();

Output:

Length of box=10
Program 7: “this “ POINTER

Aim:

TO write a c++ program using “this” pointer.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Test

private:

int x;

public:

void setX(int x)

this->x=x;

void print()

cout<<"x="<<x<<endl;

};

int main()

Test obj;

int x=20;

obj.setX(x);

obj.print();

getch();

return 0;

}
Output:

X=20

Result:
Program 8: CONSTRUCTOR AND DESTRUCTOR

Aim:

To write a c++ program to calculate simple function using the concepts of constructor and destructor.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Calculator

private:

int num1;

int num2;

public:

Calculator(int a, int b)

num1 = a;

num2 = b;

cout << "Calculator object created with numbers: " << num1 << " and " << num2 << endl;

~Calculator()

cout << "Calculator object destroyed" << endl;

int add()

return num1+num2;

}
 int subtract()

return num1-num2;

int multiply()

return num1*num2;

};

int main() {

Calculator calc(10, 5);

cout << "Addition result: " << calc.add() << endl;

cout << "Subtraction result: " << calc.subtract() << endl;

cout << "Multiplication result: " << calc.multiply() << endl;

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Calculator object destroyed

Calculator object created with numbers:10 and 5

Addition result:15

Subtraction result:5

Multiplication result:50

Program 9: UNARY OPERATOR OVERLOADING

Aim:

To write a c++ program Unary prefix & postfix increment operator overloading (++).

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Counter {

private:

int count;

public:

Counter() : count(0) {}

Counter& operator++() {

++count;

return *this;

Counter operator++(int) {

Counter temp = *this;

++(*this);

return temp;

void display() const {

cout << "Count: " << count << endl;

};

int main() {

Counter c;

++c;

c.display();

c++;
 c.display();

getch();

clrscr();

return 0;

Output:

Count : 1

Count : 2

Program 10: BINARY OPERATOR OVERLOADING

Aim:

To write a c++ program for Add two complex numbers using binary '+' operator overloading

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Complex {

private:

double real;

double imag;

public:

Complex(double r = 0.0, double i = 0.0) : real(r), imag(i) {}

Complex operator+(const Complex& other) {

Complex temp;

temp.real = real + other.real;

temp.imag = imag + other.imag;

return temp;

void display() {

cout << real << " + " << imag << "i" << endl;

};

int main() {

Complex c1(2.5, 3.5);

Complex c2(1.6, 2.7);

Complex result;

result = c1 + c2;

cout << "Result of addition: ";

result.display();

getch();
 clrscr();

return 0;

Output:

Result of addition : 4.1+ 6.2i

Program 11: SINGLE INHERITANCE

Aim:

To write a c++ program to find product of two numbers using single inheritance.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class base //single base class

public:

int x;

void getdata()

cout << "Enter the value of x = "; cin >> x;

};

class derive : public base //single derived class

private:

int y;

public:

void readdata()

cout << "Enter the value of y = "; cin >> y;

void product()

cout << "Product = " << x * y;

};
int main()

derive a;

a.getdata();

a.readdata();

a.product();

getch();

clrscr();

return 0;

Output:

Enter the value of x=5

Enter the value of y=10

Product= 50

Program 12: MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for student marklist using multilevel inheritance.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Student

protected:

char *name;

int rollNo;

public:

void getStudent() {

cout << "Enter student name: ";

cin >> name;

cout << "Enter roll number: ";

cin >> rollNo;

void displayStudent() {

cout << "Name: " << name << endl;

cout << "Roll Number: " << rollNo << endl;

};

class Marks : public Student

protected:

int marks[3];

public:

void getMarks()
 {

cout<<"Enter marks for three subjects:"<<endl;

for(int i=0;i<3;i++)

cout<<"Subject "<<i+1<<": ";

cin >>marks[i];

void displayMarks()

cout << "Marks obtained:" << endl;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

cout << "Subject " << i + 1 << ": " << marks[i] << endl;

};

class Result : public Marks

public:

void calculateTotal()

int total = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)

total += marks[i];

cout << "Total marks: " << total << endl;

}
};

int main()

Result student;

student.getStudent();

student.getMarks();

cout << endl << "-------------------------" << endl;

student.displayStudent();

student.displayMarks();

student.calculateTotal();

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Enter student name: anu

Enter roll number:11

Enter marks for three subjects:

Subject 1: 55

Subject 2: 67

Subject 3: 89

_______________________________________________

Name: anu

Roll number:11

Marks obtained:

Subject 1: 55

Subject 2: 67

Subject 3: 89

Total marks: 211

Program 13: MULTIPLE INHERITANCE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for employee salary management using multiple inheritance.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Employee

protected:

char *name;

int empId;

public:

void getEmployee()

cout << "Enter employee name: ";

cin >> name;

cout << "Enter employee ID: ";

cin >> empId;

};

class Salary1

protected:

int basicSal;

int allowance;

public:

void getSalary()

cout << "Enter basic salary: ";

cin >> basicSal;

 cout << "Enter allowance: ";

cin >> allowance;

};

class SalaryManagement : public Employee, public Salary1

public:

void displaySalary()

cout << "\nEmployee Name: " << name << endl;

cout << "Employee ID: " << empId << endl;

double totalSalary = basicSal + allowance;

cout << "Total Salary: " << totalSalary << endl;

};

int main()

SalaryManagement emp;

emp.getEmployee();

emp.getSalary();

emp.displaySalary();

getch();

return 0;

}
Output:

Enter employee name: kiya

Enter employee ID: 12

Enter basic salary:7000

Enter allowance:500

___________________________________________

Employee name : kiya

Employee ID:12

Total salary:7500

Program 14: HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for Hostel Management system using hierarchical inheritance

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include <string.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Person {

protected:

char *name;

int age;

public:

void setData(char *n, int a) {

name = n;

age = a;

void displayData() {

cout << "Name: " << name << endl;

cout << "Age: " << age << endl;

};

class Student : public Person {

protected:

int rollNo;

public:

void setRollNo(int r) {

rollNo = r;

void displayRollNo() {

cout << "Roll No: " << rollNo << endl;

 }

};

class HostelStudent : public Student {

protected:

char *hostelName;

int roomNo;

public:

void setHostelData(char *h, int r) {

hostelName = h;

roomNo = r;

void displayHostel() {

cout << "Hostel Name: " << hostelName << endl;

cout << "Room No: " << roomNo << endl;

};

int main() {

HostelStudent hs;

hs.setData("John", 20);

hs.setRollNo(101);

hs.setHostelData("XYZ Hostel", 301);

cout << "Student Details:" << endl;

hs.displayData();

hs.displayRollNo();

hs.displayHostel();

getch();

return 0;
}

Output:

Student Details:

Name:John

Age:20

Roll No:101

Hostel Name:XYZ Hostel

Room no:301

Program 15: HYBRID INHERITANCE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for displaying messages using hybrid inheritance.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Base1

public:

void display() {

cout << "Base class display" << endl;

};

class Derived1

public:

void display() {

cout << "Derived1 class display" << endl;

};

class Derived2 : public Base1, public Derived1

public:

void display() {

cout << "Derived2 class display" << endl;

};

class Derived3 : public Derived2

{
public:

void display() {

cout << "Derived3 class display" << endl;

};

int main()

Derived3 obj;

obj.Base1::display();

obj.Derived1::display();

obj.Derived2::display();

obj.display();

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Base class display

Derived1 class display

Derived2 class display

Derived3 class display

Program 16: VIRTUAL FUNCTION

Aim:

To write a c++ program for Book shop management using virtual function.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

#include <string.h>

#include<conio.h>

class Book

protected:

char *title;

char *author;

float price;

public:

// Constructor

Book(char *t, char *a, float p) : title(t), author(a), price(p) {}

// Virtual function to display book details

virtual void display() {

cout << "Title: " << title << endl;

cout << "Author: " << author << endl;

cout << "Price: $" << price << endl;

};

class FictionBook : public Book {

private:

char *genre;

public:
 FictionBook(char *t,char *a, float p, char *g) : Book(t, a, p), genre(g) {}

void display(){

Book::display();

cout << "Genre: " << genre << endl;

};

// Derived class

class NonFictionBook : public Book {

private:

char *subject;

public:

// Constructor

NonFictionBook(char *t, char *a, float p, char *s) : Book(t, a, p), subject(s) {}

void display(){

Book::display();

cout << "Subject: " << subject << endl;

};

int main() {

FictionBook fictionBook("To Kill a Mockingbird", "Harper Lee", 10.99, "Classic");

NonFictionBook nonFictionBook("Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind", "Yuval Noah Harari", 15.99,

"Anthropology");

cout << "Fiction Book Details:" << endl;

fictionBook.display();
 cout << "\nNon-Fiction Book Details:" << endl;

nonFictionBook.display();

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Fiction Book Details:

Title: To kill a mockingbird

Author: Harper Lee

Price:$10.99

Genre:Classic

Non-Fiction Book Details:

Title:Sapiens:A Brief History of Humankind

Author: Yuval noah harari

Price:$15.99

Genre:Anthropology

Program 17: TEXT FILE

Aim:

To write a c++ program to create and manipulate a Text File using Text file.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<fstream.h>

#include<conio.h>

int main()

ofstream outputFile("example.txt");

if(outputFile){

outputFile<<"Hello,this is a text file."<<endl;

outputFile<<"it contains some text written form a C++ program."<<endl;

outputFile.close();

cout<<"Textfile'example.txt' created successfully."<<endl;

else{

return 1;

ifstream inputFile("example.txt");

char line[255];

if(inputFile){

cout<<"contents of 'example.txt':"<<endl;

while(inputFile.getline(line,255)){

cout<<line<<endl;

inputFile.close();

}else

cout<<"Unable to open file!"<<endl;

 return 1;

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Textfile ‘example.txt’ created successfully.

Contents of ‘example.txt’:

Hello,this is a text file.

It contains some text written from a c++ program.

Program 18: FILE I/O OPERATIONS

Aim:

To write a c++ program for performing a sequential I/O(input/output) operations on a File.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<fstream.h>

#include<conio.h>

int main(){

clrscr();

ofstream outFile("output.txt");

if(!outFile){

cerr<<"Failed to open the output file."<<endl;

return 1;

outFile<<"Hello,World!"<<endl;

outFile<<"This is a sequential output operation."<<endl;

outFile<<"Writing data to a file using c++."<<endl;

outFile.close();

ifstream inFile("output.txt");

if(!inFile){

cerr<<"Failed to open the input file."<<endl;

return 1;

char line[255];

cout<<"contents of the file:"<<endl;

while(inFile){

inFile.getline(line,255);
 cout<<line<<endl;

inFile.close();

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Textfile' example.txt' created successfully.

contents of 'example.txt':

Hello, this is a text file.

it contains some text written form a C++ program.

Result:

Program 19: COMMAND LINE ARGUMENT

Aim:

To write a c++ program to find the Biggest of three numbers using Command Line Arguments.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main(int argc,char* argv[])

if(argc !=4)

cout<<"Usage;"<<argv[0]<<"num1 num2 num3"<<endl;

return 1;

int num1=atoi(argv[1]);

int num2=atoi(argv[2]);

int num3=atoi(argv[3]);

int biggest = num1;

if(num2 > biggest)

biggest=num2;

if(num3 > biggest)

biggest=num3;

cout<<"The biggest number is:"<<biggest<<endl;

getch();

return 0;

Output:
C:\TURBOC3\BIN>CD..

C:\TURBOC3<CD SOURCE

C:\TURBOC3\SOURCE>commandargu.exe 12 22 15

The biggest of number is: 22

Program 20: CLASS TEMPLATE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for printing various type of data using one class template.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

template<class T1,class T2>

class Pair{

private:

T1 first;

T2 second;

public:

Pair(T1 f,T2 s){

first =f;

second =s;

T1 getFirst() const{

return first;

T2 getSecond() const{

return second;

void setFirst(T1 f){

first=f;

void setSecond(T2 s){

second=s;

void display() const{

cout<<"("<<first<<","<<second<<")"<<endl;
}

};

int main(){

Pair<int,int>intPair(10,20);

cout<<"integer Pair:";

intPair.display();

Pair<double,char>doubleCharPair(3.14,'A');

cout<<"Double-char Pair:";

doubleCharPair.display();

getch();

clrscr();

return 0;

Output:

Integer pair(10,20)

Double-char pair(3.14, A)

Program 21: FUNCTION TEMPLATE

Aim:

To write a c++ program for finding maximum of different type of data using one Function Template.

Program:

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

template<class T>

T max(T a,T b){

return (a>b)?a:b;

int main(){

int num1 = 10,num2 = 25;

cout<<"Max of"<<num1<<"and"<<num2<<"is;"<<max(num1,num2)<<endl;

double num3=15.5,num4=25.5;

cout<<"Max of"<<num3<<"and"<<num4<<"is;"<<max(num3,num4)<<endl;

char char1='a',char2 ='s';

cout<<"Max of"<<char1<<"and"<<char2<<"is;"<<max(char1,char2)<<endl;

getch();

return 0;

Output:

Max of 10 and 25 is: 25

Max of 15.5 and 25.5 is: 25.5

Max of a and s is: s

Program 22: EXCEPTION HANDLING

Aim:
To write a c++ program for finding exception(divided by zero) using exception handling.

Program:

#include <iostream.h>

int main() {

try {

int numerator, denominator, result;

cout << "Enter numerator: ";

cin >> numerator;

cout << "Enter denominator: ";

cin >> denominator;

if (denominator == 0) {

throw runtime_error("Division by zero error");

result = numerator / denominator;

cout << "Result of division: " << result << endl;

catch (const exception& e) {

cerr << "Exception caught: " << e.what() << endl;

return 0;

}
Output:

Enter numerator: 15

Enter denominator: 0

Exception Caught:Division by zero error