English-Day-31,32, 33-Mains Model Ans - UKPSC Daily

UKPSC Model Question daily (Hindi and English)-Day-31,32,33
Que. Explain the Administrative system of Chand dynasty. - UKPSC 2016 GS II

The Chand dynasty, known for its administrative prowess, ruled over Kumaon and
parts of Garhwal in present-day Uttarakhand. Their administrative system was
characterized by efficient governance and cultural development.
Key Features:
 Hierarchical Structure: The dynasty was founded by Somchand and saw many
rulers like Purnachandra, Indrachandra, Gyanchandra, and Jagatchand. The
administrative system was organized in a hierarchical manner, with the king at
the apex, followed by various officials and administrators responsible for
governing different regions and sectors
 Feudal System: The Chand rulers adopted a feudal system where land was
granted to nobles and officials in exchange for loyalty and military service.
 Revenue System: They implemented a revenue system based on land tax, which
was collected in kind or cash. Taxes were levied on agricultural produce, trade,
and other economic activities to finance the administration and the military.
 Judicial System: The dynasty had a well-organized judicial system where disputes
were settled by village councils or the king's court. Local councils, presided over
by appointed officials or respected elders, adjudicated legal matters based on
customary laws and royal decrees.
 Military: The Chand rulers maintained a strong military force to defend their
kingdom and expand their territory. The king appointed military commanders and
officials to oversee defense strategies and operations.
 Cultural Development: They patronized art, literature, and architecture, as seen
in the construction of temples and forts.
Significance:
 The administrative system of the Chand dynasty ensured stability and prosperity
in the region.
 It laid the foundation for the cultural and architectural heritage of Kumaon and
Garhwal.
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The administrative system of the Chand dynasty was a blend of feudal, revenue,
judicial, and military systems that ensured efficient governance and cultural
development in Kumaon and Garhwal.
Explain the relations of contemporary Indian rulers with Harshvardhan.

UKPSC 2016 GS II
Harshavardhana, also known as Harsha, was a significant ruler of ancient India who
ruled over a large part of northern India from 606 to 647 CE. His reign was marked
by notable military campaigns, administrative reforms, and a patronage of culture
and learning. Harsha's relations with contemporary Indian rulers were dynamic and
varied, reflecting the complex political landscape of his time.
Relations with Contemporary Indian Rulers:

 Accession and Consolidation: Harsha's accession to the throne of Thanesar
and subsequent unification of most of northern India involved interactions
with various contemporary rulers. As Northern India reverted to small
republics and small monarchical states ruled by Gupta rulers after the fall of
the prior Gupta Empire, Harsha united the small republics from Punjab to
central India, and their representatives crowned him emperor at an assembly
in April 606 giving him the title of Maharajadhiraja. Harsha established an
empire that brought all of northern India under his rule.
 Conflict with Shashanka: Harsha's immediate focus was on defeating
Shashanka, the ruler of Gauda, which led to a significant conflict.
 Digvijaya Campaign: Harsha embarked on a Digvijaya campaign, aiming to
bring all Indian kings under his suzerainty. This campaign involved both
diplomatic negotiations and military conquests.
 Diplomatic tactics- Pulakeshin II repelled an invasion led by Harsha on the
banks of Narmada in the winter of 618–619. Pulakeshin then entered into a
treaty with Harsha, with the Narmada River designated as the border between
the Chalukya Empire and that of Harshavardhana
 Suzerainty and Semi-Independence: While Harsha managed to expand his
territory and bring many rulers under his suzerainty, several rulers retained
semi-independence and acknowledged his overlordship.
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 Alliance and Cooperation: Harsha also formed alliances and cooperated with
some rulers, especially those who accepted his authority willingly.
 Administration and Governance: Harsha's administrative principles, as
described in various sources, indicate a policy of promoting local autonomy
while maintaining central control, which likely influenced his relations with
other rulers.
 Cultural Exchange: Harsha's reign was marked by a flourishing of culture and
learning, leading to interactions and exchanges with rulers of neighboring
regions.
Harshavardhana's relations with contemporary Indian rulers were multifaceted,
involving elements of conflict, diplomacy, alliance, and cultural exchange. His ability
to consolidate power and maintain stability in a diverse political landscape reflected
his astute political acumen and administrative skills.
Describe the literary sources of the History of Uttarakhand. UKPSC 2016 GS II

Uttarakhand's history is richly documented in various literary sources, offering insights into
its ancient past and cultural evolution. These sources range from ancient texts to modern
historical records, providing a comprehensive view of the region's historical narrative.
Literary Sources of Uttarakhand's History:
1. Ancient Texts:
 Vedic Texts: The region finds mention in ancient Vedic literature, indicating its
significance in the early Indian civilization. The sage Vyasa's association with
Uttarakhand, as the birthplace of the Mahabharata, underscores its mythological
importance.
 Puranic Texts: Puranas like the Skanda Purana and the Vishnu Purana provide
mythological narratives and geographical descriptions, offering glimpses into
Uttarakhand's ancient cultural landscape.
 Mahabharata: Sage Vyasa is believed to have composed the epic here, and it
describes the region as Kedarkhand and Manaskhand.
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2. Medieval Texts:
 Rajatarangini by Kalhana: Mentions the region's political landscape.
 Various travelogues: Accounts of travelers like Huen Tsang provide insights into the
social and cultural life of medieval Uttarakhand.
3. Local Chronicles and Inscriptions:

 Katyuri and Chand dynasties: Their inscriptions and chronicles offer details about
their rule in Kumaon and Garhwal regions.
4. British Records:
 Colonial-era reports, gazetteers, and surveys provide administrative and demographic
information.
5. Folklore and Oral Traditions:

 Local legends and folk tales passed down generations offer insights into cultural
practices and beliefs.
The literary sources of Uttarakhand's history provide a multifaceted understanding of its

past, blending mythological narratives with historical facts. These sources collectively
contribute to preserving the rich heritage of Uttarakhand for future generations.
(Note Dear friends, please note that we are committed to providing you with the most
qualitative and accurate answers, supported by various statistics, facts, and figures free of
cost. Hindi translation is by Google translate hence there is chance of discrepancy.
However, if any errors are found, please let us know in this group so that we can improve
them. we will be thankful to you. (प्रिय मित्रों, कृपया ध्यान दें कक हि आपको प्रिमिन्न आँकडों, तथ्यों और
आँकडों द्िारा सिर्थित सबसे गुणात्िक और सटीक उत्तर ननिःशुल्क िदान करने के मिए िनतबद्ध है । हहिंदी अनुिाद
Google Translate द्िारा ककया गया है और इसमिए प्रिसिंगनत की सिंिािना है । हािाँकक, यहद कोई त्रुहटयाँ पाई
जाती हैं, तो कृपया हिें इस सिूह िें बताएिं ताकक हि उनिें सुधार कर सके। हि आपके आिारी रहें गे |)
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UKPSC Model Question daily (Hindi and English)-Day-31,32,33

Que. Explain the Administrative system of Chand dynasty. - UKPSC 2016 GS II

Explain the relations of contemporary Indian rulers with Harshvardhan.

Relations with Contemporary Indian Rulers:

Describe the literary sources of the History of Uttarakhand. UKPSC 2016 GS II

Literary Sources of Uttarakhand's History:

3. Local Chronicles and Inscriptions:

5. Folklore and Oral Traditions:

The literary sources of Uttarakhand's history provide a multifaceted understanding of its

https://t.me/PREUPSCPCS for premium current affairs

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