Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

More about Basic Properties of

12
Circles Consolidation Exercise Solution

Consolidation Exercise 12A

1. BCD + BAD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
a + 80 = 180
a = 100
ADC + ABC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
b + 122 = 180
b = 58

2. BAD + BCD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

c + 20 + 100 = 180
c = 60

3. AOC = 2ADC ( at centre twice  at circumference)

140 = 2d
d = 70
ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
f + 70 = 180
f = 110

4. DBF = ACD (ext. , cyclic quad.)

x = 76
BAC = BDE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
y = 88

5. ADC = ABE (ext. , cyclic quad.)

73 + z = 101
z = 28

6. ABC + BCD = 180 (int. s, BA // CD)

ABC + 87 = 180
ABC = 93
CDE = ABC (ext. , cyclic quad.)
= 93
EDF + CDE = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
r + 93 = 180
r = 87

© Oxford University Press 2023 1 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

7. ADC + ABC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

a + 70 = 180
a = 110
In △ACD,
∵ CD = AD (given)
∴ ACD = CAD = b (base s, isos. △)
CAD + ACD + ADC = 180 ( sum of △)
b + b + 110 = 180
2b = 70
b = 35

8. In cyclic quadrilateral ABCE,

BCE + BAE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
a + 120 = 180
a = 60
In cyclic quadrilateral BCDE,
CBE + CDE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
CBE + 90 = 180
CBE = 90
In △BCE,
BEC + BCE + CBE = 180 ( sum of △)
b + 60 + 90 = 180
b = 30

9. ∵
 
DC = AD (given)
∴ DBC = ABD = r (equal arcs, equal angles)
ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ABD + DBC + ADC = 180
r + r + 130 = 180
2r = 50
r = 25

10. In cyclic quadrilateral ABEF,

BEF = FAG (ext. , cyclic quad.)
x = 112
In cyclic quadrilateral BCDE,
BCD = BEF (ext. , cyclic quad.)
y = 112

© Oxford University Press 2023 2 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

11. CBD = CAD (s in the same segment)

= 27
CDE = ABC (ext. , cyclic quad.)
c = ABD + CBD
= 53 + 27
= 80

12. CBD = ADB (alt. s, AD // BC)

= 37
CBE + CBD = DBE
CBE + 37 = 110
CBE = 73
CBE = ADC (ext. , cyclic quad.)
73 = ADB + CDB
73 = 37 + z
z = 36

13. BCD + BAD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

(x − 10) + (x + 10) + 120 = 180
2x = 60
x = 30

14. (a) ∵ OB = OC (radii)

∴ OBC = OCB (base s, isos. △)
= 32
(b) ABC = CDE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
OBA + OBC = CDE
OBA + 32 = 76
OBA = 44

15. (a) ∵
 
BC = CD (given)
∴ BAC = CAD (equal arcs, equal angles)
= 38
(b) In △ABC,
BAC + ABC + BCA = 180 ( sum of △)
38 + ABC + 56 = 180
ABC = 86
ADC + ABC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ADC + 86 = 180
ADC = 94

© Oxford University Press 2023 3 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

16. (a) BAE + BCD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

BAE + 136 = 180
BAE = 44
In △ABE,
BED = BAE + ABE (ext.  of △)
= 44 + 70
= 114
(b) BOD = 2BAD ( at centre twice  at circumference)
= 2  44
= 88
In △ODE,
ADO + BOD = BED (ext.  of △)
ADO + 88 = 114
ADO = 26

17. (a) ADC = CBE (ext. , cyclic quad.)

= 120
In △ACD,
∵ AD = CD (given)
∴ CAD = ACD (base s, isos. △)
CAD + ACD + ADC = 180 ( sum of △)
ACD + ACD + 120 = 180
2ACD = 60
ACD = 30
(b) ∵ BC = AD (given)
∴ BAC = ACD (equal chords, equal angles)
= 30
In △ABC,
BAC + ACB = CBE (ext.  of △)
30 + ACB = 120
ACB = 90
∴ AB is a diameter of the circle. (converse of  in semi-circle)

  
18. ∵ AB = AD = CD (given)
∴ BCA = ACD = CAD = 50 (equal arcs, equal angles)
BAD + BCD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
BAC + CAD + BCA + ACD = 180
BAC + 50 + 50 + 50 = 180
BAC = 30

© Oxford University Press 2023 4 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

19. (a) ∵ AB = AD
  (given)
∴ ABD = ADB = 25 (equal arcs, equal angles)
In △ABD,
ABD + ADB + BAD = 180 ( sum of △)
25 + 25 + BAD = 180
BAD = 130
(b) BDC = 90 ( in semi-circle)
BCD + BAD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
BCD + 130 = 180
BCD = 50
In △BCD,
CBD + BCD + BDC = 180 ( sum of △)
CBD + 50 + 90 = 180
CBD = 40
Alternative Method
BDC = 90 ( in semi-circle)
ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ABD + CBD + ADB + BDC = 180
25 + CBD + 25 + 90 = 180
CBD = 40

20. BAE = BFE (s in the same segment)

= 55
CBD = BAE (corr. s, AE // BD)
= 55
BDC = BAE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
= 55
In △BCD,
BCD + CBD + BDC = 180 ( sum of △)
BCD + 55 + 55 = 180
BCD = 70

© Oxford University Press 2023 5 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

21. (a) BAD = 90 ( in semi-circle)

ABD = ACD (s in the same segment)
= 46
In △ABD,
BAD + ABD + ADB = 180 ( sum of △)
90 + 46 + ADB = 180
ADB = 44
(b) In △ADE,
∵ AD = DE (given)
∴ DAE = DEA (base s, isos. △)
DAE + DEA = ADB (ext.  of △)
DAE + DAE = ADB
2DAE = 44
DAE = 22
In cyclic quadrilateral ABDF,
EDF = BAF (ext. , cyclic quad.)
= BAD + DAE
= 90 + 22
= 112

22. Let ADE = x.

ADB = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ACD,
CAD + ACD = ADE (ext.  of △)
CAD + 30 = x
CAD = x − 30
BAE + BDE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
BAD + DAE + ADB + ADE = 180
(x – 30) + 20 + 90 + x = 180
2x + 80 = 180
2x = 100
x = 50
∴ ADE = 50

© Oxford University Press 2023 6 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

23. (a) In △ABF,

∵ AB = AF (given)
∴ ABF = AFB (base s, isos. △)
ABF + AFB + BAF = 180 ( sum of △)
2ABF + BAF = 180
2ABF + 48 = 180
2ABF = 132
ABF = 66
ABF + FBD + DBC = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
66 + 35 + DBC = 180
DBC = 79
∵ DC = DB (given)
∴ DCB = DBC (base s, isos. △)
= 79
In △ACE,
BAF + DCB + DEF = 180 ( sum of △)
48 + 79 + DEF = 180
DEF = 53
(b) ACD + AFD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
ACD + AFB + BFD = 180
79 + 66 + BFD = 180
BFD = 35

24. (a) △ABC ~ △EDC (AAA)

(b) ∵ △ABC ~ △EDC (from the result of (a))
AC BC
∴ = (corr. sides, ~△s)
EC DC
x + 4.5 5 + 4
=
4 4.5
x + 4.5
=2
4
x + 4.5 = 8
x = 3.5

© Oxford University Press 2023 7 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

25. A B
C
87

O
38 45

E D
Join DE.
CDE = ABE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
ODC + ODE = ABE
45 + ODE = 87
ODE = 42
∵ OE = OD (radii)
∴ OED = ODE (base s, isos. △)
= 42
BCD + BED = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
BCD + BEO + OED = 180
BCD + 38 + 42 = 180
BCD = 100

26. (a) ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

100 + ADC = 180
ADC = 80
  
∵
∴

AB : BC : CD = 3 : 1 : 2
ABC : BCD = (3 + 1) : (1 + 2)
(given)

∵
 =4:3

ABC : BCD = ADC : BAD (arcs prop. to s at circumference)

4 80
∴ =
3 BAD
BAD = 60
(b) A

100
B D

C
Join BD.
  
∵
∴
 
AB : BC : CD = 3 : 1 : 2
AB : BCD = 3 : (1 + 2)
(given)

=1:1

© Oxford University Press 2023 8 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

 
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B


∵ AB = BCD
∴ ADB = BAD (equal arcs, equal angles)
= 60
In △ABD,
BAD + ADB + ABD = 180 ( sum of △)
60 + 60 + ABD = 180
ABD = 60

∴
 
AB : AD = ADB : ABD (arcs prop. to s at circumference)
= 60 : 60
=1:1

27. In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD,

ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
120 + ADC = 180
ADC = 60
B
A
120
C

D
E
Join BD.
ADB = BDC (equal chords, equal angles)
ADB + BDC = 60
2ADB = 60
ADB = 30
ABD = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ABD,
ABD + ADB + BAD = 180 ( sum of △)
90 + 30 + BAD = 180
BAD = 60
BED = BAD (s in the same segment)
= 60

© Oxford University Press 2023 9 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

28. B 15

C
E
105
D
Join BC.
In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD,
ABC + ADC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
15 + CBE + 105 = 180
CBE = 60
ADB = CBE (equal chords, equal angles)
= 60
BDC + ADB = 105
BDC + 60 = 105
BDC = 45
BEC = BDC (s in the same segment)
= 45

29. A
F
a

B c E
b
C
D
Join BE.
In cyclic quadrilateral ABFE,
BAF + BEF = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
In cyclic quadrilateral BCDE,
BED + BCD = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
∴ BAF + BEF + BED + BCD = 180 + 180
BAF + DEF + BCD = 360
a + c + b = 360
i.e. a + b + c = 360

© Oxford University Press 2023 10 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

30. D
C

E O
70 B

A
Join OA and OC.
AOC = 2ABC ( at centre twice  at circumference)
= 2  70
= 140
AOC + CDE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
140 + CDE = 180
CDE = 40

31. (a) ∵ CD = DE (given)

∴ CAD = DAE (equal chords, equal angles)
= 30
∵ AB = BC = AE (given)
∴ ACB = BAC = ACE (equal chords, equal angles)
Let ACB = BAC = ACE = x.
In cyclic quadrilateral ABCE,
BAE + BCE = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
BAC + CAD + DAE + ACB + ACE = 180
x + 30 + 30 + x + x = 180
3x + 60 = 180
3x = 120
x = 40
In △ABC,
ABC + BAC + ACB = 180 ( sum of △)
ABC + 40 + 40 = 180
ABC = 100
(b) In cyclic quadrilateral ABCE,
AEC + ABC = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
AEC + 100 = 180
AEC = 80

© Oxford University Press 2023 11 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

32. (a) B 110 E

A
C
O

D
Join CD.
In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD,
BCD = BAE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
= 110
ACD = 90 ( in semi-circle)
ACB + ACD = BCD
ACB + 90 = 110
ACB = 20
Alternative Method
B 110 E

A
C
O

D
Join BD.
ABD = 90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ABD,
ADB + ABD = BAE (ext.  of △)
ADB + 90 = 110
ADB = 20
ACB = ADB (s in the same segment)
= 20
(b) ∵ OA = OC (radii)
∴ OAC = OCA (base s, isos. △)
= BAC (alt. s, AB // OC)
BAC + OAC + BAE = 180 (adj. s on st. line)
2OAC + 110 = 180
2OAC = 70
OAC = 35
∵ ACB  OAC
∴ BC is not parallel to AO.
∴ The quadrilateral ABCO is not a parallelogram.

© Oxford University Press 2023 12 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution

Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B

33. ∵ ABED is a cyclic quadrilateral.

∴ EDC = ABC = 90 (ext. , cyclic quad.)
Let CE = x cm.
In △CDE, by Pythagoras’ theorem,
CD2 + ED2 = CE2
CD = x 2 − 42 2 cm
= x 2 − 1 764 cm
Note that △ABC ~ △EDC (AAA).
AB AC
= (corr. sides, ~△s)
ED EC
66 x 2 − 1764 + 54
=
42 x
11x
− 54 = x 2 − 1 764
7
11x – 378 = 7 x 2 − 1764
121x2 – 8 316x + 142 884 = 49x2 – 86 436
72x2 – 8 316x + 229 320 = 0
2x2 – 231x + 6 370 = 0
91
x = 70 or
2
91
When x = , the figure cannot be formed.
2
91
∴ x= is rejected.
2
∴ CE = 70 cm

© Oxford University Press 2023 13 4B12 Consolidation Exercise 12A Solution