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Kapre

In Philippine mythology, the kapre is a creature that may be described


Kapre
as a tree giant, being a tall (7–9 ft (2.1–2.7 m)), dark-coloured, hairy,[1]
and muscular creature. Kapres are also said to have a very strong body Grouping Tree creature
odour and to sit in tree branches to smoke.[2] Similar entities Agta
Region Philippines
Origins
The term kapre comes from the Arabic kafir (Spanish cafre),[3] meaning
a non-believer in Arabic (usually referring to atheists/idolists). The term
was later brought to the Philippines by the Spanish who had previous
contact with the Moors, they used it to describe the indigenous Negrito
ethnic groups with dark skin and features similar to Black Africans. This
is also evident in the fact that a synonym for kapre is agtà, another name
for the Aeta people. The modern mythical characterizations of the kapre
evolved from formerly racially prejudiced portrayals of Negrito tribes by
the lowland Christianized ethnic groups of the Philippines during the
Detail of Carta Hydrographica y
Spanish period.[3] Chorographica de la Yslas Filipinas
(1734) by Pedro Murillo Velarde
The first attestation of the use of the term was caphri, by Antonio showing the slaves brought from
Pigafetta of the Magellan expedition. They were described by the people of East Africa, usually by the
Suluan to the Magellan crew as dark-skinned, tattooed, and wore Portuguese, sold in Manila as
barkcloth (except for chieftains who wore a cloth headdress of silk), and "Cafres"
had weapons ornamented with gold and large shields.[4]: 150

The term cafre was also used for Papuan slaves brought to the Philippines by the Portuguese before slavery
was abolished by Spain.[5]

Natural habitat and attire


Kapres are said to dwell in big trees like acacias, mangoes, bamboo, and banyan (known in the Philippines as
balete). It is also mostly seen sitting under those trees. The Kapre is said to wear the indigenous Northern
Philippine loincloth known as bahag, and according to some, often wears a belt which gives the kapre the
ability to be invisible to humans. In some versions, the kapre is supposed to hold a magical white stone, a
little smaller in size than a quail egg. Should any person happen to obtain this stone, the kapre can grant
wishes.

Behavior
Kapres are believed to be nocturnal and omnivorous. They are not necessarily considered to be evil. However,
they may turn vengeful when the tree that they are inhabiting is cut down.[6]

A Kapre may make contact with people to offer friendship, or if it is attracted to a woman. If a Kapre
befriends a human, especially because of love, the Kapre will consistently follow its "love interest" throughout
life. Also, if one is a friend of the Kapre, then that person will have the ability to see it and if they were to sit
on it then any other person would be able to see the huge entity.
Kapres, also called agtà,[7] are said to play pranks on people,[8] frequently making travelers become
disoriented and lose their way in the mountains or in the woods. They are also believed to have the ability to
confuse people even in their own familiar surroundings; for instance, someone who forgets that they are in
their own garden or home is said to have been tricked by a Kapre. Reports of experiencing Kapre
enchantment include that of witnessing rustling tree branches, even if the wind is not strong. Some more
examples would be hearing loud laughter coming from an unseen being, witnessing much smoke from the top
of a tree, seeing big red glaring eyes during night time from a tree, as well as actually seeing a Kapre walking
in forested areas. It is also believed that abundant fireflies in woody areas are the embers from the Kapre's lit
cigars or tobacco pipe.

Documentary
In the 2015 documentary series The Creatures of Philippine Mythology, the origin, history and evolution of
the Kapre is examined. It starts in the pre-Spanish Philippines where animist beliefs created a huge black
spirit that watched people from the trees, follows the etymology of the term "kapre", and discovers why the
creature is always smoking cigars.

See also
Aswang
Manananggal
Ghosts in Filipino culture
Tikbalang
Nephilim
Troll

Further reading
Cruz, Neal (October 31, 2008), "As I See It: Philippine mythological monsters" (http://opinion.inquirer.net/i
nquireropinion/columns/view/20081031-169390/Philippine-mythological-monsters), Philippine Daily
Inquirer

References
1. Jocano, F. Landa (1983). The Hiligaynon: An Ethnography of Family and Community Life in Western
Bisayas Region (https://books.google.com/books?id=DZEbAAAAIAAJ). Asian Center, University of the
Philippines. p. 254. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
2. "Kapre (The Tree Giant)" (http://www.philippine-tales.com/7/post/2013/08/kapre.html). PHILIPPINE
TALES | Anthology of Philippine Mythology and Folklore. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
3. Michael L. Tan (2008). Revisiting Usog, Pasma, Kulam (https://books.google.com/books?id=EktzHrfup1U
C). UP Press. p. 66. ISBN 9789715425704.
4. Nowell, C. E. (1962). "Antonio Pigafetta's account". Magellan's Voyage Around the World. Evanston:
Northwestern University Press. hdl:2027/mdp.39015008001532 (https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.390
15008001532). OCLC 347382 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/347382).
5. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1890). List of the native tribes of the Philippines and of the languages spoken by
them. By Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt (https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/AJZ8102.0001.001?rgn=mai
n;view=toc).
6. Vicerra, PM; Javier, JR. "TABI-TABI PO: SITUATING THE NARRATIVE OF SUPERNATURAL IN THE
CONTEXT OF THE PHILIPPINES COMMUNITY" (http://www.manusya.journals.chula.ac.th/files/essay/Ta
bi-Tabi_1-13.pdf) (PDF). MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
7. Wolff, John U. (1972). "kapri" (http://seapdatapapers.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=seap&
cc=seap&idno=seap085a&node=seap085a%3A11&view=image&seq=466&size=200). A Dictionary of
Cebuano Visayan. Vol. 1. p. 442.
8. Wolff, John U. (1972). "agtà" (http://seapdatapapers.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=seap&
cc=seap&idno=seap085a&node=seap085a%3A11&view=image&seq=39&size=200). A Dictionary of
Cebuano Visayan. Vol. 1. p. 15.

External links
Media related to Kapre at Wikimedia Commons
Filipino Folklore: Kapre (http://www.mangkukulam.com/folklore/347/Kapre:)

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