05 6&7

  
 -2018 -2019

www.ntnipuna.com
[email protected]
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Every Wednesday Free Suppliment

31  2018
 8
Guide to
Excellence  
-   20 , 80     ..
    .
 

 
� : 
For January, 2019 Session
..    .    ...?   ...?
 ���  , ,  , ,    
� �   (  ��  �).  � � ��  ��.
�      .    �

� �  50 � �� 

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�    � .

�. �   /    � /� �/ �.  � ��  � ��  ��
�  �    ,          45 � � ��� � .  ���
 ��  � . � �� � �. � 
� .      . � �.
: �
  :
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 () :  �  � �  � :  15
� �    () � � � ��  �  �.  � . �  � : https://onlineadmission.ignou.ac.in/
� � � ��  � �  () � ��.  � , ��  entranceopenmat/
 (�) � � � ��  � �� � �.
� � ��  �  � � ()
�
...�  
     , ,    
.          

Guide to Excellence
02.       . ,   
     .  
       .

 
� � ��  �  �
  ,  
 �� �  
�   � .  
 �  � , �
��   ��  �
�� �  �. 
 �
� �  � � ��  
�. �  � � �
 � �� �.
�  � � �  ‘� ’
� � �. , �
� � � ��  
  ��    ��
� � � �. 
��,  � �� �
� �  ���� �.
 � � � � �
 � �  ��
 �. � �   ��
� , � �� � �
  �  �  
��  � ��. 
  , , �
� �  ��  �
 ��   �

  

�  �  �
� � ���  � 
 �. �� � 
�   �� �.
  � � �� 
 ��   
�� . �  �   
��  �    �     ��  �.     �� ,  ��
 ��  �  � ��   �  ��  � ��  � � 30 �    �  � �
�   ��.   ��� ��  �.  . �  � � � �� . ��  � �  ��
   �  �,  � ��   �� . �    �. � �  �
�  � �   � � ��. �� ���
 � �� � �� . �� .
� ��. �� �  �� �� � , �� �  � �
 
�  �  �� �   ��  � ��.   . �   �� �
 �  � �� ��  � � �    (1920-22) �. ,   
 � � � �   ��� ���. �� � � 1919� �  �, , � �  � . �, ��
� � .  � ��    � ��  � �� . � , ��� �� �  �� � 
� �   . � , �  � , � �, ��  �  �  �  �  
   � ��,  ,  � � �� ��  �  � � ��  ��  �� �. �
�   � �� � ��   �� .  � ��. � �  �� �� �.
�� �.  � �   � 1919 ��  �  10 �  � �
�  . � �   � �   ��, ��,     .    � . �
� �.    � ��  �  � � �  �, ��  � �.  13
 � ��� ‘  �� �  1919� �  �  �� � , ��   �  �    
��. ��  � �   �  � �   �      ��� �  �. 
�� ��   � � �. � �   � �.  �    �
�’ ���. � � �   � ��  � �   � � � �
� �  � �� �,  �  �� �.   �   . � �.  � � 
��, � �  �.  ��    �  � �  � � � , �  �  �
  ��.    �     �  � �� � 1200 
  � �  �� �  �   � �� �. �   �
�. � � �� � ��   �. �, �(� � � � �).
�  � �  � ���, ���  ��� ,  � 379  
   � ��.   � �   � .
� ��  � �� ��, �    � ���  �  
�� � �� ���. �  ��  �  .   � � 
��       � �. �  �    �, �� �
 � �. �� �  ‘ ’    � �.   ��
�� �  �  , �    � . �� ��
  �. 
�.  �� � �� � ��  , � �  �  � �   
  �, � � �� , �   � 30  � 
   � ��
  �  �
�.  ��  � ��
   � . ��� �
� � �� �� . � ��  �� �  � �  18 
   ,  � �� �  6 �  �  � �. �.
9492 575 006 . ,   � � 
    - 2005   ,   

03
    (),     
()  .     
  . Every Wednesday Free Suppliment 31  2018
 8
. 
   3. � �
� �   ��  i.  (: � )
�   �  - 25 � . ��
      . �
 � � . . � �
 � �  �  
�

�.    

�  ��� �   � �     � �.
 �   �  1.   (Pre- disaster)
�. 2.   � (disaster occurrence)
  3.  � (Post -disaster)
1. � �  1.  
2. � � � �   �,  � �
3. � � ��      
4. �   �  � .    (��
� � �. ��)
  .  ��  �� 
1. � �  
2. � � � () .  , � �� 
3. � ��    � �
4. �  �  � � �     /  /
� ��� /  �.
� 2.   
  �   � � �, �
1. �   � �    .  �  
2.      ��� �.
3.    :  

 -
  . �,  
1. � �� �  .  , 
2. ��  . �, , , 
3. ��       : �,
 �, �, � �,
 �, , �, , ��
�      
  12    . ...
� � � � � �. ..�
 ��- 75 �
  - 2005 ,  , �� , � �
1. � (�)-  � � ��- 25 �   3.  
2. �� ()-  � �  �  ,  � 1.  �  � () �  �   ��  �
3. � (�)-  � , �   ��  �   � � �  ��
4.  (��)-  �    �  . 2.  �  � () .
  ,  ��� �.
5.  ()-        3.  �  � ()
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 ��� �  �� 

6.  (�)-  �    - 2005�  47 � �

7. �� ( �)-  �

�
�  
 �  �  . 5.  � � � ()
8. � (�)-  �     �. � �,     
9. �� (�)-  �
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� � � �  
10. � ()-  �        
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� �� ��  �  � 

:   � 2015,  29   1.   
��. �  ,   � i.  (�  ) :  ,  �,   
� 2015�  � () � �  �   � .  � � � � �
 � � � �.   . .    ��    �
1. �� ()    .    �.   .
2. � (�) 1.  2. �  1. � 
:   �� � �    - 2005 �  i.  ( ) 2. �   �� �
. �� , � ��� �   3.  �

1. �� - 1946
��  (), �     
��  () � .
2.  -1948   �   �
�
  er
3.  - 1969 �  � .  t
 sa s
4.  �   -1972  : �, � �     Di
 ng a
�  �  � ir
- 2005 � �  Du   n
��. ���.  io
 igat
it
Relief Rehabilitation

�   � �  : � ���   � M
After Disaster

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 

 

��� �    -  

 , �  � �.    ()
... �   � - 20 � �
1. �   �  �  ()  ��
2. �   �  � ��. ss
3. �  � � �   - �  � � + dn
e

     

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  ( � �)
p 
 Pr
e
 
r
   as
te
is   
13   �   � 1. � �
D
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�  �     2. � �  
for 
Be    , 
  ,  ,     

04.
   .     
 1973   .   
Guide to Excellence   . .

‘  ’  ?

�    �� 183 �  ��
� �    ‘� �
’ �.
   ?
�  ��    � ‘� 
 �’ �.
  ?
 ?    ? � �   � 1. ���� � � � 
�  , , �  � �  1) �  �� �   ��  � � 2. �  � �
 � .  � �.   �. 3. ��� � �, �
     ?  �  ��   �� � � � �
� , ,  �.  ��  ��. .. 4.   ��..  �
     ,  (Stagflation)  �. 1) �   � �,    ��. � � 
 ? 2)   �  �  �  �  � � 
� �,   . �  � 2)  ��  �   � �
     ? �. 3)  � ��   �.
� �, , ,  , 3) ��  �  �   � 5. ��   
� �.  � �. 4)   � �� � �  ��� 
  ? 4) � �  ��� � � �   �  �.
�   �� � � �  � �. � � � 6.   ��
�  .    ��  , �  ,    ?    ?
  � � (� ��  � ���. 1) � � �  (NREP) 1. � � �� � 
� �)  � . 5) � �  � 2) � � � ��  � �� , �� 
        � � �  (RLEGP) � �   
? �. 3) � , � � (IRDP) �.
�  � 6) � �  �� �� 4)  �� � (JRY) 2. � � �� � , � 
      � �  �, �, � 5) � � � (IAY)  �  � �
 ? �     � 6)  �  � (JGSY)    ��.
�  � �� . 7)  � �� � 3.  �� 
     7) �  ��� �� (SGSY) 4. �� 
? � � ��  8) ���  � �   5. ��� 
�  � . �  (MNREGS) 6. � �,   ��
     ?       �  � �,  ��� ���  �.
�  �  �  �  ? �. 7. � ‘�’ �� �  
    ?  � .
�  �
       ,       � , � �,  
 
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?     ? �  � �.
�  � � � � ‘  ’  ?
           ? �  
  ? �  �     ? 1.    ?
�  �   ? �  1) �
      � � �    ? 2) � � 
   ?      � ��  � �� .  3) ��
�  � ? � � �. � � 4)  
   ? � � �  . 2.    
�  �           ? ?
          ? �  ��   ��  � .  1)  2) 
  ? � � �   ��  � �. 3)  � 4) 
�  �      ?    ? 3.    ?
     ? � � � �  �� ��   �  1) � 2) 
� � 8  � �� 273 �          .    ��  � 3) � 4) �
  �� � � �. ?  � . 4.    ?
    ? �  � 2008     1) � �
�  �      ?  ? 2)  �
�   � �  � 3)  �
   , ,    ,    4)  �
      ?       ? 5.     ?
�   � � � � 1) �� 2) ��
             3) �� 4) �
  ?    ? 6.    ?
.  � � 14   1) 15 � 2) 60  
             3) 10-50  4) 15-60 
?  ? 7.    ?
� �� � � �. .. 1)  2) 
    1. � �  � 3)  4) �
? 2. � � 8.      ?
�   3. �  � 1)  2) 
      1973      ? 3)  4) �
9966330068
   ? �   ��  183 � � 
�    �    ‘ �’ �. 1-2, 2-1, 3-3, 4-4,
   ?   ?  5-2, 6-4, 7-4, 8-1
     , ,  , ,
 ,         
  .  1990  2017  
     ,      05
 68.5    . Every Wednesday Free Suppliment 31  2018
 8

  -2018 �

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 
0-10 �   �- 40
� 5 � � 15 �
�.  , ��� �, 
,  �   
.  �� � �
 � �  �   ��  �� (28.6 �), �.
 .   -2018  � (21.0 �), � (� 16.7 �) �.
2000  � � � � �  � ���� (13.3 �), � � 10-20 �   �- 27
�  29.2  20.9 .  (12.7 �), � (12.4 �) � �  ��   �� ��
� ��� �� �  12.3 ��. �.
�� .  1999-2001� 17.6 �� � 20-35 �   �- 45
. 1998-2002� 37.1 ��    �� ��� �  
  �   27.9 ��, �    5   �

 16  .  � �.

1998-2002� 9.7 ��   
  � �  9.3 ��      � 35-50 �   �- 6
 . ��  �  4.2 ��  ,    . �  ��  � ��
 �.  2000� 8.1� . .
� 50 � �  �- 1
� � � 124      � � �.
�   � (�  - � ��.    80
�

�) � � � � � . 151     � � 20.1 �� 68 � � �,
�  (  �     �, 51      2017� 22.6 �� 77 �� .
�- )  �  �    � ��. � � �  �� , �, � � 21.2 �� 72 �� �,
. �� � �   � 2010  16 � � �� � �,
 �, � ��   2017� 22 �� 72 �� .
�� � � � � � �.  � 
� � �, �� , �
 � � �   �� 26.1 ��
��, �    �� �. 86 �� .  2000 �� 36.0
��  .   � �   �� 111 �� �� .   � 30.8
 � 119 �� � �  � � �� � ��, �� � � �  � .  (2005), 30.3 (2010) �  
 , �,  �   �  �� 30.5  ��� �  ���,  � . �  �� 
 �  �. �, 29.4 ��  �  ��  � ��  �� , �  � 
� �  ��  �  � �. � �� �. 2000� 52.3  ��   ��
 �  �.  � � �,   �� 12.8 �, �, ���  � �     � �� ��.
 ,  �  �� �� 12.7 �, � �, �.. 2005 � 9 �  2017� 26.5 �� 88 �� .
� . 2017� ��  � 9.0 �, � �, � 43.2, 2010� 35.0�, 2018� 34.3 �
� (Challenges of inequality),   � 7.3 �� �� �.  111 �� .     
 �� .  ..  ��� . 2017� 34.3 �  ��  �� ��,� 
�  � � � � �� �� 107 �� . �,  , , � ,
� �.    ��� � �     �� 
���� � �, �  ��  ���  
 �   �     �. � 1990  2017  
� (Child Wasting),  � � �  �   �    � �, �� 
�  �  �� � 31.1 ��  � (Child Stunting), �    � .  �� �  ��� � 68.5 
103 �� . �� � �  � (Child Mortality) � ��  ��� � �� �,    �. � 40 
� ��. 2017� 31.4 �� � ��. �  �� .  8.5  �  ��, 25.4 
100 �� . � ��� �  � ��  � � �� 31 �� �, � 6.1  �, 3.1   � 
��� 14.8 �  ,  � 0-100 � � ��. � 0 �� 21 ��, � 103 � (asylum seekers)�  �
�� 21 �,   � 38.4 �   � �  � ��, � 7.6 �� 25 �. � �   �
� �.  �  4.3 �� . , 100 �   � �  ��, �� 14.5 �� 60 � ��� � � ��,
 2017 14.5 �, 21.0 �, 38.4 �, �  �  . �� �.  � � ��� �.
4.8 �� �. �� 2010� 32.2 � 100 �  �� 
� � �� ,  � 2017� � 31.4 �� 100 � ��    �, �, 
�, 2008� 35.6 �, 2005, 2000 ,  ,  �  � �� �, � 7.5 �� 29, �,   , ��,  �
�� 38.8 � �.  , 0 �  �� � � 6.2 �� 22,  5.4 � � �.  , �,  �� ,
� �� 53.7 ��  ��  � � , ��  � �, ,  � 18, �� 13.2 �� 55 ��, ��, ��, ��, �,�
 � ��      �� �� . ��� �. ��� ��  ��.
  ().  � �  � 2018 � � � ��  �� � 2010� � 67 �� ��, � � �� � � � 6.7 
 2012  � ,  �,  2015-17 ��,   9, �,  5   ��  � �� �  �  �
  � .    ,   2013-17  �� �. ��  �, � 5  
�� �� � �. ��,  �  2016  �� �� �.
� � 2017  � �  5  �� � � � �.  � � �� 32.6 �� 106 � � .  �  ��  2.4   �
 ��� �   �, �  �, �  �� � � 2000  2018 . 1.7   �  ��
� �  �. � �   �. � �  �  .   �.
�� �� � 61.8 � ( � 2017� 32.6 �� 106 ��  � �
  2.6  �� 
� ),  �  12.4 � � 2000� 38.3 ��, 2005� 37.0  �, ���  ��.
(�� ) .  ,  �     �  � 1  
�, 2010� 36.0 �  ��� �

 �� �� �� �    , , ��� . ���� � � � (Cox’s
�. , ,  � � 7.6 �� 25 �� . 2017� Bazar)�  ��. � 
� �, ���,  �� 48-61.8 , , , , 7.5 �� 29 �� . �   � 
�  ��
 � �� ��. , ,  , � 67 ��   17.9 � � ��  �.
� �, �,  ��   ,     . 2017 25.5 �� 84 � � 
     � �. .
�   �  
 . ...�  
 Guide to Excellence
06. JEE MAIN
     .
  12     
 .    10  
        .  ,
    .   
      .
    ,  
.        
   .    
  .  175  
     .    
   ,   .   
      .
   .   
   .   
 .           
  .     
  .    
  , ,     30
   90  .  90x4=360
.          
       .
    .

NANO IIT Academy

Nallakunta, Hyderabad
  !
9000007761, 9666165151
- 2019 Every Wednesday Free Suppliment
07
31  2018
 8

 
  -2019
� � ��  ��
�  � �. 
��   � � 
�. � �  �  10. � �  
 ��� �. ���  -2019
� (Quacquarelli Symonds) � �  ��  �� �. 
.  85 �� 1011 � � �� �-10�  � �
�  �� �. � �  � � � 100�
8  � �.
 ..? � �  �� �  
�   � ��  �  � . � �  
� � ��,
  �. ... �, �,   �.
�   (40%), �   � �   � �  
(10%), �/�
 � (20%), � �   33 ��,   40, 
 � (20%),  � � � 48,  �-53,  ��-
(10%),  �  � (5%) 61 ��� �.
 10 : � �  112, �  89, � 
1. �� �  � () 75  �� � �.
2. �� � � �  �� �-7� .
3. � � � �  -8,  �-9, �-
4. ��� �  � 10, �  �- 11, �� �
5. �   -12, � �-13, ��
6. �   -16,  �-18, ��� 
7. �  �-19, �� �-34,
(  �  �)  � -38 �  
� � �.
8.  �  � �� � �  40  ��
9. �  ��  �� ��.
 Guide to Excellence
Every Wednesday Free Suppliment
08.
31  2018
 8

      

� �     � �,  
   � �    � �
. � �
 26  �  � � � 
� � �, �   � � � 
 � . � � 24 . 1990�
�  �� �  ��  24  
  � . � � � � 
��  �� ��
    � .
� �  �   
 �  �� �
 () � �     �
  ��   ���   
 � 23 �.  ���  ��    �  26  �  �� (
 �  ��  � � �� . �   , ) � � � 
�  ���.   � �� ( � � � �, � �.    �
 �    ) � � �, � �  24  �. 
       � �  �   ��,    � 
� �      23 ��.   � �, � � �    �  
 � �  �     � , , 65  � � , � � , � �  () 
 ��  �  �, � � � � � � �, � � � �  �.�
�    �  22  � �    � ��   �  �, � �   
�. �    �� ��. � � �, � 
  �    �     � � �� �  ��   (
�  ��   �
   , �  �  � ) �� � 1986 �
���. �� � �   �   �. �   �      
��  �
  � -2018 
24 . � �  �� �� 
   . �� � 25 
  -        � �  � � �� �� 
�  � -� �  �  � ��  �  �� � � 
 . 4.94 .. �   �� � 27 �.    () � � �� .
 110 .. �  . 1993  96   �, � . �� �
   
�� �  � 2004� �� � �. 26 � � ��  � 
      1936     � � �. �  ��  �
�. 2002�   � �  �.   � � � 23 
� � �. 2020  -4   ��  �� � �.   
    2020,  1  �  (  � �� �    �
�  � � � )-4 �� �,  �  � .    
� � � �� � � � 24 � � 22 �  � .
� � 24  �  -8   � �.   �  � �
�. � �   -6 �� �  �.
� �-8  , � 
�, �� �   ��  � � .
�, � �     � � �
 �,  �   � � 24  
� , � �  .    � �.
 � � � 5,683 �. �  ��� �
�. � ���
  � �� 
� .
�      
� 25 �. 2004�  � � �� �
� ��   ��  �.   
 �.  �  � �
  
‘-’   26 �� �.� ,
 � � � �       
� �-    � 28     
. � 27 �- �    �   ��
�  � 29  �� �.  � 
�� . - 
     55.1 �  �. ‘�-1’  � � 
   - �-� 13 � � . 62  �  �
  � -  �
 28, 29 � .    
� � � �-�� �      ‘�’   
2018 � �   � � � � � �.
� � �� �.   � �. � , �, �, �,  () � �
� � � 26  � �  � , � � �.     �   
� �  � � � � 28 � 25 �. �� � �� �
  ��  ��   
  ��.     �   � � ���
  � �.    � 29   �. � 26
  �  � . � � 95  ��
 .   �    � �
  � 27 �  �� �.
 �  ��  � ��  