Non-Disruptive Layer Chicken Egg Farming

A Feasibility Study

In Partial Fulfillment of

BES 321_ Technopreneurship

Submitted To:

Engr. Ronnel T. Esparagoza

Proponents:

Joamy A. Abella

Jefrey M. Butil

Jay C. Cathedrilla

Jhon Dave G. Cortez

Johnrey D. Vallente

CHAPTER I
 Introduction

A. General

With expanding population and market demands for local produce, layer chicken egg

farming emerges as a promising venture for a small scale and even backyard farming,

combining relatively low startup costs with the high upside potential for return of profits.

Unlike many agricultural enterprises or businesses that demand substantial initial

investments, a layer chicken egg farm allows aspiring entrepreneurs to enter the industry with

a minimal amount of budget. Hence the study seeks to explore the use of agricultural

engineering aspects and knowledge to entrepreneurial skills and development of enterprise of

a Non-Disruptive Layer Chicken Egg Farming which aims to make an explicit upside

potential of the profitability of layer chicken egg farming, highlighting its financial

accessibility and the avenues through which even a small investment can have a flourishing

enterprise.

Aside from one of the remarkable aspects of layer chicken egg farming which is its

affordability for aspiring entrepreneurs, Agricultural engineering knowledge plays a crucial

and important role in this context, offering innovative solutions that optimize the

construction of chicken coops, making them cost-effective yet efficient and the modern

engineering principles also contribute to the development of affordable yet durable

equipment such as automated feeders and waterers, further reducing the overall startup costs.

The integration of engineering expertise ensures that the infrastructure is designed for

maximum functionality at minimal expense, enhancing the financial feasibility of a starting

enterprise on a Non-Disruptive Layer Chicken Egg Farming venture.

 Layer chicken egg farming offers a unique scalability advantage, allowing

entrepreneurs to start with a small flock or group of layer chickens and gradually expand as

the business gains traction. This feature is particularly advantageous for those with limited

capital, as it enables them to initiate operations on a manageable scale. With careful planning

and strategic growth, a small investment in the initial phase can pave the way for the gradual

expansion of the layer chicken flock, aligning with the financial capacities and risk tolerance

of the entrepreneur.

The prolific nature of layer hens in egg production contributes to a rapid return on

investment since hens typically start laying eggs at a young age, and with proper care and

nutrition, their egg-laying capacity remains productive. Consequently, entrepreneurs can

witness a steady influx of eggs and revenue relatively soon after commencing operations,

facilitating a quicker turnaround on the initial investment. This accelerated return of

investment piques as main interest for a compelling aspect that adds to the financial

attractiveness of layer chicken egg farming.

Beyond the primary revenue generated from egg sales, layer chicken egg farming

offers opportunities for diversification. The sale of surplus birds, organic fertilizers produced

from chicken manure, and potential partnerships with local markets or restaurants further

contribute to income streams. This multifaceted approach to revenue generation enhances the

overall financial resilience of the layer chicken egg farming enterprise, making it a dynamic

and adaptable business model.

B. Objectives of the Feasibility Study

1. Assess the market demand for locally produced layer chicken eggs.
2. Evaluate the technical and operational feasibility of setting up a layer chicken egg farm.

3. Analyze the economic viability and potential profitability of the proposed venture.

C. Significance of the Feasibility Study

The significance of the Non-Disruptive Layer Chicken Egg Farming is primarily linked to a

foundational understanding of agricultural engineering principles. A generalized knowledge

of engineering concepts can equip entrepreneurs with the capacity to design and implement

cost-effective solutions. This knowledge extends beyond the specific requirements of layer

chicken egg farming, encompassing broader agricultural engineering principles that can be

applied to address challenges and optimize processes across various farming endeavors. The

interdisciplinary nature of agricultural engineering thus becomes a foundation in elevating

the efficiency, sustainability, and profitability of layer chicken egg farming and agribusiness

as a whole.

D. Scope of the Feasibility Study

This feasibility study seeks to thoroughly evaluate the viability of starting a layer

chicken egg production business, diving into the technical issues along with essential

aspects to support informed decision-making. In the context of market analysis, statistical

methods will be used to assess local and regional demand for fresh eggs, including

parameters such as market elasticity and demand elasticity. Consumer preferences and the
influence of variables such as income levels will be examined in order to identify

prospective market niches, establishing the groundwork for strategic market positioning.

From a technical point of view, this study will look at poultry health parameters,

such as sanitation levels, FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio), and mortality rates, to determine

the viability of the proposed layer chicken egg production method. Soil and land quality will

be assessed using tests for characteristics such as pH, nutrient content, and water

accessibility. GIS (Geographic Information System) technologies will be used to identify the

best areas for chicken production while taking into account geographical features and

planning rules. Economic feasibility will be examined using financial indicators such as net

present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback periods.

When assessing risks, probabilistic risk analysis methods such as Monte Carlo

simulations will be utilized to predict probable hazards. Using SWOT (Strengths,

Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis, important risk factors ranging from disease

outbreaks to market volatility will be identified, and mitigation measures based on adaptive

management concepts will be suggested. The study concludes by integrating these technical

and economic assessments and making thorough suggestions to prospective entrepreneurs

looking to start a sustainable and technologically advanced layer chicken egg producing

business.
 CHAPTER II

General Background of the Feasibility Study

Structure of Layer Chicken Egg Industry and Farming

The poultry industry includes a vast range of bird species cultivated in nations across

the world. Domesticated animals that are primarily raised for meat or eggs include chickens,

ducks, turkeys, geese, quail, and guinea fowl, among others. This plan of action focuses on

the commercial chicken layer sector.

 The structures of the chicken meat and egg businesses are extremely similar.

Grandparent flocks combine the most recent genetic developments/advances to generate

parent birds. These flocks are housed on specialized farms and managed on an all-out basis.

The breeding flocks are likewise operated as all-out farms, but on separate dedicated farms.

The slaughter generation birds, such as broilers or replacement pullets, are then sold to

contract growers or commercial egg laying farms. Broiler farms are similarly managed on

an all-in-all-out basis, although the bulk of commercial egg layers use multiage production

systems.

Layer Chicken Farm Classifications and Structural Definitions

The Philippine Statistics Authority classifies layer farms under two types: backyard

and commercial. Backyard farming refers to any poultry farm home, whether farming or

non-farming, that has at least one bird and up to 250. On the other hand, the definition of

commercial farm is split into three sub-categories. These include semi-commercial,

independent, and integrator commercial farms. Semi-commercial farms are ones having

fewer than 5,000 layers. These farms mostly employ commercial feed. Layer homes are

open-sided and may be composed of wood and bamboo, or as a stand-alone cage structure.

Semi-commercial farms often have business permits or barangay registration. It may not

contain comprehensive farm data, BAI registrations, or Environmental Compliance

Certificates. Labor norms are often little monitored.

Independent commercial farms raise 5,001 or more birds and employ both external

and internal feeds (own feed formulation). Layer housing is either traditional open-sided,

like small-scale farms, or semi-automated, which is built of steel, raised, and open-sided.
These farms possess business licenses and farm records. Some secure ECCs and adhere to

labor norms.

Market and Channels

Small holder or Egg Backyard enterprises are used for self-consumption as well as

selling extras in the neighborhood to supplement the family income. Commercial farms sell

table eggs to the public wholesale and/or retail. Viajeros, or Department of Trade and

Industry registered merchants, are those who have filed for a transport carrier license with

the Department of Agriculture. They frequently distribute to wet markets and egg users in

the food processing, food service, hotel, and restaurant industries. Big wholesale purchasers

are egg merchants that have huge warehouses in major demand locations to assist delivery

to institutional and retail customers.

Layer chicken egg farming, which is a critical component of contemporary

agriculture, is a dynamic and sustainable way to supply the growing need for high-quality

eggs. Globally, customers are increasingly valuing locally sourced, fresh, and ethically

produced food, making layer chicken egg production an important factor in the changing

agricultural environment. This industry is principally concerned with the cultivation of layer

hens, who are specialized for productive egg production, hence increasing the supply of a

nutrient-dense protein source.

Unlike bigger livestock operations, layer chicken farms may be started

with little initial operating costs, making them particularly appealing to prospective

entrepreneurs. Layer chicken egg farming is accessible and profitable due to minimal entry

requirements and a quick return on investment and the business's fundamental stability
allows for gradual expansion as earnings build, providing an accessible road for people of

all financial backgrounds to participate in sustainable agriculture.

Agricultural Engineering Methods and Related Aspects

The field of agricultural engineering adds a profound feature to layer chicken egg

farming by allowing profit maximization through a variety of methods. The design and

construction of cost-effective chicken coop buildings with sufficient ventilation and

insulation contribute to optimal conditions for layer hens, increasing egg output. The

application of advanced farming technology, coordinated by agricultural engineering

knowledge, enables data-driven decision making. This involves monitoring the layer flock's

health and nutrition, changing feeding schedules for optimal egg production, and

anticipating possible problems before they affect productivity. These technological

developments not only improve operations but also increase the overall profitability of the

layer chicken egg producing business.

Furthermore, layer chicken egg production is a profitable and accessible farming

activity and its profitability correlates to the availability of layer hens, sustainability of

operations, and the addition of agricultural technological methods. Entrepreneurs, equipped

with fundamental information and modern technology, could start on this road towards

helping to sustain the local food supply but also engaging in a sustainable and successful

agricultural enterprise.
 CHAPTER III

Market Survey

The egg industry is a significant part of the agricultural sector in the

Philippines. In 2021, the country’s total egg production was registered at 661.39 thousand

metric tons, a 9.2% increase from the previous year (Philippine Statistics Authority, 2021).

The demand for eggs in the Davao region is high, as eggs are one of the most consumed

animal products.

However, economic factors have led to a decline in demand. On the

supply side, several suppliers operate in the Davao region and Digos City, including Berde

Crates Egg Supply (Berde Crates Egg Supply, n.d.), Davao Eggs Wholesale and Retail

(Davao Eggs Wholesale and Retail, n.d.), DAVAO EGG SUPPLIER/Wholesale and Retail

(DAVAO EGG SUPPLIER/Wholesale and Retail, n.d.), and JEWM Eggs in Davao City

(JEWM Eggs, n.d.), and Eggs wholesale and retail Digos City (Eggs wholesale and retail

Digos City, n.d.) and Digos Fresh Eggs Delivery in Digos City (Digos Fresh Eggs Delivery,

n.d.).
 The egg industry in the Davao region faces several challenges, including

fluctuating demand and prices, disease outbreaks, and logistical issues. However, there are

also opportunities for growth and development, such as the increasing trend of swine

farmers moving to egg production due to the African Swine Fever (ASF) (Philippine

Statistics Authority, 2021).

Figure 1. Volume and Annual Growth Rate of Chicken Egg Production,

Philippines April to June 2021 – 2023p

The volume of chicken egg production from April to June 2023 was

181.74 thousand metric tons. This is a -2.1% yearly reduction from the previous year's

same-quarter output of 185.58 thousand metric tons. (Figure 1 and Table 1)

CALABARZON remains the top producer of chicken eggs, accounting for 59.86 thousand

metric tons, or 32.9 percent of total chicken egg production for the quarter. The top five

regions with the largest volume of chicken egg production this quarter included the

following:

a. Central Luzon, 33.34 thousand metric tons;

b. Central Visayas, 19.97 thousand metric tons;

c. Northern Mindanao, 15.94 thousand metric tons; and

d. Western Visayas, 9.71 thousand metric tons.

Table 1. Volume and Annual Growth Rate of Chicken Egg Production,

Philippines April to June 2021 – 2023p

 These regions accounted for 76.4 percent of the country’s total chicken

egg production during the quarter. Relative to their outputs in the same quarter of 2022,

eight regions posted declines in production during the quarter. In terms of level, Central

Luzon posted the highest annual decrease of 4.88 thousand metric tons, from 38.22 thousand

metric tons in the same period of the previous year to 33.34 thousand metric tons this

quarter. (Table 1)

Figure 2. Distribution and Annual Growth Rate of Chicken Laying Flock

Inventory by Type, Philippines: as of 30 June 2021 – 2023p

As of June 30, 2023, the country's entire chicken laying farm was

anticipated to be 66.96 million birds. This marks a 1.4 percent decrease from the inventory
level of 67.87 million birds in the same period last year. The layer chicken inventory fell -

2.7 percent, while the native/improved chicken inventory increased by 1.4%. Layer chicken

made up 66.1 percent of the entire laying flock, with native/improved chicken accounting

for the remaining 33.9 percent. (Figure 2; Table 2).

Table 2. Chicken Laying Flock Inventory by Chicken Type and Region,

Philippines as of 30 June 2021 – 2023p

Figure 3. Distribution of Total Chicken Laying Flock Inventory by Region,

Philippines: as of 30 June 2023p,

 CALABARZON recorded the highest laying flock population of 15.63 million birds

during the period. This was followed by Central Luzon and Northern Mindanao with

corresponding inventories of 11.11 million birds and 7.74 million birds. These three regions

shared 51.5 percent of the country’s total chicken laying flock population as of 30 June

2023. (Figure 3 and Table 2).

Figure 4. Average Farmgate Price and Annual Growth Rate of Chicken Egg,

Philippines April to June 2021 – 2023p

 The average farmgate price of chicken eggs for this quarter were stated at PhP 6.98

per piece, a 24.6 percent increase over the previous year's same quarter average farmgate

price of PhP 5.60 per piece. (Figure 4 and Table 3) In the second quarter of 2023, the

highest average farmgate price was recorded in April at PhP 6.99 per piece, while the lowest

average farmgate price was reported in June at PhP 6.96. (Table 3.)

Table 3. Average Farmgate Price of Chicken Egg, Philippines April to June

2021 – 2023p
 The Chicken Egg status Report summarizes the industry's status in terms of

production volume, inventories by chicken type, and monthly average farmgate pricing. It

provides a handy reference for the Philippine Statistics Authority's (PSA) numerous clients

and stakeholders in the agriculture sector. PSA obtained the data for this study using two

surveys: the Backyard Livestock and Poultry Survey (BLPS) and the Commercial Livestock

and Poultry Survey (CLPS). The BLPS seeks to evaluate the supply and disposal of

livestock and poultry commodities at the household level. In the second quarter of 2023,

21,884 sample households were surveyed from 1,156 sample barangays across the country.

On the other hand, the CLPS seeks to generate estimates on the supply and

disposition of livestock and poultry commodities from the sample establishments. There

were 728-layer sample establishments covered in the second quarter of 2023. Both surveys

are conducted quarterly in all provinces, including the National Capital Region (NCR).

Moreover, the commodities covered in the surveys include cattle, carabao, swine, goat,

chicken, duck, and other animals raised/tended by households and establishments.

 Figure 4. Volume of Chicken Egg Production by Davao Region, Philippines

By the end of 2020, egg production had hit a new high and was expected to rise

further in 2021. Local hog sector participants afflicted by ASF have switched to egg

production during the pandemic, boosting the country's egg supply in the final few weeks

of 2020, according to United Broilers Raisers Association (UBRA) President Bong Inciong.

Broiler raisers changed to layer farming owing to an excess caused by COVID-19 lockout

limits and an increase in poultry imports, according to Inciong. According to UBRA

Chairman Gregorio San Diego Jr., even the industry's biggest companies have entered the

egg producing business. By then, the country's egg production had already begun to cause

issues for growers, according to San Diego. The supply was increasing while the demand

for eggs was declining.

 After the lockdown measures were removed, the economy began to recover

gradually in 2022. The DA is developing a number of actions to address the ongoing rise in

market pricing for chicken and poultry products. These include relaxing limits on chicken

product transportation, undertaking frequent validations and monitoring of supply

situations, seeking alternative local feed components, and lifting poultry import bans,

among others.

Poultry infections have also been a concern for farmers, and the DA's Bureau of Animal

Industry (BAI) has provided special import permissions for autogenous vaccinations to

help avoid various poultry diseases, such as the feared inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). The

said disease is caused by fowl adenovirus believed to be resistant to several disinfectants,

heat, and pH changes.

Typically, laying hens begin to lay eggs around 18-19 weeks of age and

continue to lay eggs until 72-78 weeks of age. This year, as a result of the fall in population

(actual data has yet to be disclosed) caused by IBH, egg prices have risen, and some farms

have opted to execute a molting to allow the supplied chickens to lay for a second time.

Figure 5. Philippines Retail Price: Chicken Egg: Medium: Region 11: Digos

City from 30 Jan 2021 to 30 Apr 2023 in the chart:

 FREQUENC
LAST PREVIOUS MIN MAX UNIT RANGE
Y

30 Jan
8.2503
8.25030 Apr 8.25015 Apr 6.50015 Feb PHP/ 2021 -
0 Apr daily
2023 2023 2021 kg 30 Apr
2023
2023

In the Philippines, the average person consumed 5.27 kg of eggs in 2021, according

to Faostat. This represents a 6.68% increase over the prior year. In the past, the Philippines'

per capita egg consumption peaked in 1977 at 6.27 kg and fell to an all-time low of 2.51 kg

in 1967. In terms of egg consumption per capita, the Philippines is rated 96th out of the 164

nations we track.

A cheap and accessible source of protein and other nutrients are chicken eggs. They

also contain a lot of cholesterol by nature. However, unlike certain other foods, like those

high in trans and saturated fats, eggs don't seem to boost cholesterol levels. Despite the fact

that certain research has linked eating eggs to heart disease, these results may be explained

by other factors. Eggs alone may not increase the risk of heart disease as much as dishes like
bacon, sausage, and ham that are commonly eaten with eggs. Furthermore, cooking methods

such as frying in oil or butter may be more responsible for the elevated risk of heart disease

than actual egg consumption ( Lopez-Jimenez, 2023).

In the Philippines, the yearly per capita output index for chicken eggs was almost

118.9%, which was higher than the base year of 2018. Over the previous six years, the

nation's yearly per capita output index for chicken eggs has steadily increased. The

Philippines' per capita output index for chicken eggs from 2015 to 2021 ( Statista Research

Department,2024).

Philippines Retail Price: Chicken Egg: Medium: Region 11: Digos City data was

reported at 7.750 PHP/kg on 30 Jun 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of

7.750 PHP/kg for 15 Jun 2023. Philippines Retail Price: Chicken Egg: Medium: Region 11:

Digos City data is updated daily, averaging 7.500 PHP/kg from Jan 2021 to 30 Jun 2023,

with 54 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.250 PHP/kg on 15 May 2023

and a record low of 6.500 PHP/kg on 15 Feb 2021. Philippines Retail Price: Chicken Egg:

Medium: Region 11: Digos City data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by

Philippine Statistics Authority. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Philippines

– Table PH.P003: Retail Price: Selected Agricultural Commodities.

Philippine Egg Industry

Chickens provide 93 percent of world egg production and eggs are one of the most

consumed products of animal source. Poultry production placed second among the most

important subsectors in the agriculture industry in the Philippines (Acosta, 2023). The
 country’s total egg production in 2021 was registered at 661.39 thousand metric tons. This

was higher by 9.2% than the previous year’s production of 605.79 thousand metric tons

The demand for chicken eggs in the Davao Region appears to be relatively high,

leading to an increase in prices. Factors such as culling chickens and exporting eggs to other

parts of the country have contributed to a shortage of eggs in the local market, resulting in

price hikes.

Figure 6. The volume of Chicken Egg Production and Annual Growth Rate, Philippines

January-December 2019-2021

The industry underwent a significant expansion as some of the swine farmers

affected by African Swine Fever (ASF) moved to egg production, said Chairman of the

Philippine Egg Board Association (PEBA), Gregorio San Diego, reports the Business

Mirror, adding that the increase in production was only felt towards the end of 2020. “The

increase in supply was already felt toward the end of the year as was reflected in the

reduction of egg prices,” added San Diego.

 The entry of new players in the local layer industry allowed the country’s egg

production to rise to an unprecedented level last year, according to data from the Philippine

Statistics Authority (PSA).

At the provincial level, Batangas emerged as the top egg producer in 2021 with

174.25 thousand metric tons. This was followed by Pampanga with 73.75 thousand metric

tons and Cebu with 60.50 thousand metric tons. Among other top-producing provinces were

Bukidnon, Bulacan, South Cotabato, Davao del Sur, Rizal, Tarlac, and Negros Occidental.

The combined production of these provinces accounted for 71.6% of the country’s total egg

production.

In 2021, the average farmgate price of eggs in commercial farms was quoted at PhP

5.46 per piece. This was lower by -2.9% from the previous year’s average price of PhP 5.62
per piece (Figure 7). During the reference year, the highest price was noted in February at

PhP 5.82 per piece, while the lowest price was recorded in August at PhP 5.20 per piece.

Figure 7. Average Price of Layer Chicken Eggs in 2021

The annual average retail price of the egg was PhP 7.14 per piece in 2021. This was

higher by 1.4 percent than the average price of PhP 7.04 per piece in 2020. In 2021, the

highest average retail price of the egg was recorded in April and May at PhP 7.25 per piece,

while the lowest was recorded in October and November at PhP 7.04 per piece.

Figure 8. Annual Average Price of Egg in the Philippines

 The volume of egg production reached its high record by the end of 2020 and

continued to increase in 2021. Local hog industry players affected by ASF have moved to

egg production instead during the pandemic, pushing the country’s supply of eggs high over

the last few weeks of 2020, said the United Broilers Raisers Association (UBRA) President

Bong Inciong. Broiler raisers shifted to layer farming due to an oversupply amid COVID-19

lockdown restrictions and the influx of poultry imports, added Inciong. Even the big players

in the industry went into egg production according to UBRA Chairman Gregorio San Diego

Jr. By that time, the increase in the country’s egg production was already causing problems

for producers, San Diego said. The supply was increasing while the demand for eggs was

declining.

In 2022, the economy has started to recover slowly after the lockdown measures

have been eased. The DA is working on a series of interventions to quickly address the

continued rise in prices of poultry and poultry products in the markets. These include easing

restrictions on the movements of poultry products, conducting regular validations and

monitoring of supply scenarios, sourcing alternative local feed ingredients, and lifting

import bans for poultry products, among others.

Poultry diseases have been a problem as well for producers and the DA’s Bureau of

Animal Industry (BAI) has issued special import permits for autogenous vaccines to support

disease prevention on other poultry diseases such as the dreaded inclusion body hepatitis

(IBH). The said disease is caused by fowl adenovirus believed to be resistant to several

disinfectants, heat, and pH changes.

Usually, laying hens start to lay eggs from 18-19 weeks of age and continue laying

eggs until 72-78 weeks of age. This year, because of the decrease in population (real data
has still not been shared) because of IBH, the egg price has increased, and some farms have

decided to perform a molting to have a second period of laying of the stocked hens.

CHAPTER IV

Raw Materials

A. General Comments
 To establish a successful layer chicken egg farming operation, several key

components and raw materials are essential. Firstly, the construction of suitable housing is

crucial. This includes materials for building chicken coops that provide adequate space,

ventilation, and protection from environmental elements. Additionally, the construction of

nesting boxes for egg-laying and perches for the chickens to roost are essential components

of the infrastructure.

Feed is a fundamental raw material for layer chicken egg farming. This includes a

balanced combination of grains, protein supplements, and essential nutrients to ensure the

health and optimal egg-laying performance of the layer hens. Adequate water supply is

equally important, necessitating materials for waterers and a reliable water distribution

system within the chicken coops.

Ensuring the health and well-being of the layer flock requires raw materials for

bedding in the form of straw or wood shavings. These materials provide a comfortable and

clean environment for the chickens and contribute to waste management within the coops.

Additionally, appropriate waste disposal systems, such as bins for collecting and managing

chicken manure, are essential for maintaining hygiene and preventing disease.

Egg collection and storage are critical aspects of layer chicken egg farming. Raw

materials required include collection trays or baskets, which facilitate the efficient gathering

of eggs from nesting boxes. Storage materials like egg crates or cartons are essential for

preserving the eggs during transport and distribution.

 Furthermore, the construction of fencing and security measures is vital to protect the

layer flock from predators. Raw materials for fencing, such as wire mesh or wooden panels,

are necessary to create a secure perimeter around the chicken farm.

Lastly, considering the unpredictable nature of weather, materials for the

construction of shade structures or roofing are important to provide shelter for the chickens.

This helps in maintaining a comfortable environment and protecting the flock from adverse

weather conditions.

In summary, the components and raw materials needed for layer chicken egg

farming encompass the construction of suitable housing, feed and water supply systems,

materials for bedding and waste management, tools for egg collection and storage, fencing

for security, and structures for weather protection. Each of these elements plays a crucial

role in creating a conducive and productive environment for the layer hens, ultimately

contributing to the success of the egg farming enterprise.

B. Layer Chicken Breed and Selection

Layer hens are ideal for egg production because they lay eggs early and consistently.

The choice of layer chicken breed is critical, with White Leghorns and Rhode Island Reds

being recommended for their high egg output. These varieties are adaptable to many

situations, making them ideal for a variety of farm settings.

The type of layer chicken is really important to examine. Optimal breeds, such as

White Leghorns and Rhode Island Reds, are known for their abundant egg production and

efficient feed conversion. Their flexibility to numerous conditions makes them more

suitable for various farms, solving future climate-related concerns.

 Practical features of operating a layer chicken farm highlight the importance of breed

selection. Optimal breeds, distinguished by effective egg production and manageable size,

allow for more efficient coop usage. When combined with a usually calm conduct, these

characteristics lead to easier flock care, reducing stress-related problems. To summarize,

selecting high-performing layer chicken breeds based on egg-laying efficiency, adaptability,

and size lays a solid basis for a successful and profitable egg farming operation that meets

market expectations.

C. Structural and Housing of Non-Disruptive Layer Chicken Egg Farming

Establishing a non-disruptive layer chicken egg farming system with bamboo

housing involves a thoughtful approach to construction and resource utilization. Bamboo,

known for its sustainability and rapid growth, can be a cost-effective and environmentally

friendly alternative for creating chicken coops. The key raw materials needed include sturdy

bamboo poles for the framework and walls, bamboo mats or woven panels for coop

flooring, and thatch or bamboo leaves for roofing. The construction process entails

assembling the bamboo poles to form a secure frame, weaving bamboo mats for the coop

floor to ensure comfort for the layer chickens, and finally, applying thatch or bamboo leaves

for a durable and natural roofing solution.

In addition to bamboo, incorporating recycled materials such as reclaimed wood or

salvaged metal can enhance the structural integrity of the coops. This approach not only

aligns with sustainable practices but also minimizes the environmental impact of the project.

To further reduce disruption, careful planning of coop placement and design is crucial to

harmonize with the natural landscape and maintain the well-being of the layer chickens. The

result is a non-disruptive layer chicken egg farming operation that not only utilizes eco-
friendly materials but also integrates seamlessly into the surrounding environment, fostering

a sustainable and harmonious agricultural endeavor.

D. Electrical Lighting and Components

In creating an efficient and non-disruptive lighting system for the bamboo-coop

layer chicken egg farming, choosing appropriate lighting equipment is pivotal. LED lights,

known for their energy efficiency and long lifespan, are a suitable choice. The raw materials

required include LED bulbs with a color temperature suitable for layer chickens, durable

wiring, and fixtures that can be easily integrated into the bamboo structure. The selection of

LED lights ensures a cost-effective and energy-efficient solution, reducing electricity

consumption while providing sufficient illumination for the layer chickens.

Determining the number of watts needed depends on factors such as coop size,

layout, and the specific needs of layer chickens. On average, a lighting intensity of 15-20

lux is recommended for layer chicken egg production, and this can be achieved by

calculating the total square footage of the coop. For instance, a 100-square-foot coop may

require around 150-200 watts of LED lighting to meet the recommended illumination levels.

This tailored approach ensures that the layer chickens receive adequate light for their well-

being and optimal egg-laying performance without excessive energy consumption.

To further minimize disruption, incorporating a timer or automated system for the

LED lights can regulate the lighting cycle, simulating natural daylight patterns. This not

only contributes to the well-being of the layer chickens but also fosters a non-disruptive

farming environment, promoting sustainable practices in layer chicken egg production.