INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 105-C09

First edition
2001-12-01

Textiles — Tests for colour fastness —

Part C09:
Colour fastness to domestic and
commercial laundering — Oxidative bleach
response using a non-phosphate reference
iTeh detergent incorporating
STANDARD PREVIEWa low temperature
bleach activator
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Textiles —
ISOEssais de solidité des teintures —
105-C09:2001
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Partie C09: Solidité des teintures aux lavages domestiques et industriels —
0cd1653e33f9/iso-105-c09-2001
Blanchiment par oxydation utilisant un détergent de référence sans
phosphate comprenant un activateur de blanchiment à basse température

Reference number
ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

© ISO 2001
ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

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 ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 105 may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard ISO 105-C09 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee
SC 1, Tests for coloured textiles and colorants.

ISO 105 was previously published in thirteen “parts”, each designated by a letter (e.g., “Part A”), with publication
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dates between 1978 and 1985. Each part contained a series of “sections”, each designated by the respective part
letter and by a two-digit serial number (e.g. “Section A02”). These sections are now being republished as separate
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documents, themselves designated “parts” but retaining their ealier alphanumeric designations. A complete list of
these parts is given in ISO 105-A01.
ISO 105-C09:2001
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Annex A forms a normative part of this part of ISO 105.
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ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

Introduction
The test method in this section of ISO 105 is intended to reflect the effect of multicycle laundering using an activated
bleach detergent by domestic and commercial laundering procedures. The washes are carried out in a similar
manner to the ISO 105-C06 tests using an activated oxygen bleach and reference detergent at 60 ◦ C.

A paper describing the development of this method has been published in the Journal of the Society of Dyers &
Colourists, Vol. 112, No.10, Oct. 1996, p. 287-292.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

Textiles — Tests for colour fastness —

Part C09:
Colour fastness to domestic and commercial laundering —
Oxidative bleach response using a non-phosphate reference
detergent incorporating a low temperature bleach activator

1 Scope

This part of ISO 105 specifies a method for determining the consumer relevant shade change of textiles, of all kinds,
(excluding silk and wool) and in all forms, to domestic/commercial laundering procedures in which a bleach activator
(oxygen bleaching system) is used.

The colour fastness resulting from oxygen bleaching in this test provides an indication of the shade change behaviour
observed after multiple domestic/commercial launderings.

This part of ISO 105 is not applicable for the assessment of the dye staining of adjacent fabrics, where suitable
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methods are described in ISO 105-A04.
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This part of ISO 105 does not reflect the contribution of optical brighteners, which are present in some commercial
washing products, to shade change.
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This part of ISO 105 specifies a procedure incorporating the use of ECE1) non-phosphate reference detergent,
sodium perborate tetrahydrate, and the bleach0cd1653e33f9/iso-105-c09-2001
activator tetra-acetylethylenediamine (TAED). An alternative test
procedure using the AATCC 1993 zero phosphate reference detergent (without optical brightener), and incorporating
sodium perborate monohydrate and the bleach activator sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate (SNOBS) is
currently under development.

2 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 105. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do
not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 105 are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest
edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid
International Standards.

ISO 105-A01:1994, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A01: General principles of testing

ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour

ISO 105-A05:1996, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A05: Instrumental assessment of change in colour
for determination of grey scale rating

ISO 105-J01:1997, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part J01: General principles for measurement of surface
colour

1) European Colourfastness Establishment (ECE), BAM, Unter den Eichen 87, D-12203, Berlin, Germany.

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ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

ISO 105-J03:1995, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part J03: Calculation of colour differences

ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods

3 Principle

A specimen of the textile is laundered, rinsed and dried. Specimens are laundered under specified conditions of
temperature, alkalinity and bleach concentration such that a fading result which correlates with a multicycle machine
washing is obtained in a conveniently short time. The change in colour of the specimen is assessed with reference to
the original fabric, either with the grey scale or instrumentally.

4 Reagents and materials

4.1 Reference detergent.

4.1.1 ECE non-phosphate reference detergent base powder (1998 formulation).

4.1.2 Bleach activator, tetra-acetylethylenediamine, TAED.

4.1.3 Sodium perborate tetrahydrate.

4.2 Grade 3 water, complying with ISO 3696.

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4.3 Grey scale, for assessing change in colour complying with ISO 105-A02 or a spectrophotometer for assessing
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change in colour complying with ISO 105-J01.

4.4 Filter papers. ISO 105-C09:2001

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5 Apparatus

5.1 Suitable mechanical laundering device, consisting of a water bath containing a rotatable shaft which
supports, radially, stainless steel containers (75 mm ± 5 mm diameter × 125 mm ± 10 mm high) of capacity
(550 ± 50) ml, the bottom of the containers being (45 ± 10) mm from the centre of the shaft. The shaft/container
assembly is rotated at a frequency of (40 ± 2) min−1 . The temperature of the water bath is thermostatically
controlled to maintain the test solution at the prescribed temperature ± 2 ◦ C.

Other mechanical devices may be used for this test, provided that the results are identical with those obtained by the
apparatus described in 5.1.

5.2 Balance, accurate to ± 0,01g (see ISO 105-A01).

5.3 Mechanical Stirrer, minimum 16,667 s−1 (1 000 rpm) to ensure thorough dispersion and prevent settling.

6 Test specimen

6.1 If the textile to be tested is fabric, cut a 50 mm × 100 mm piece.

6.2 Yarn may be knitted into fabric of dimensions 50 mm × 100 mm, and tested in this form. Alternatively, for yarns
and threads, form a wick of parallel lengths 100 mm long and about 5 mm in diameter. Determine the mass of the
specimen and either tie both ends or sew on to a piece of polypropylene backing cloth (50 mm × 100 mm) as
support. In the latter case, only the mass of yarns and threads are taken to determine the liquor ratio volumes.

6.3 Determine the mass, in grams, of the specimen using the balance (5.2), to aid accurate liquor ratio volumes.

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 ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

7 Procedure
Provision is made in annex A for a washing procedure using a bleach activator and reference detergent.

8 Test report
The test report shall include the following information:
a) reference to this part of ISO 105 i.e. ISO 105-C09;
b) all details necessary for complete identification of the sample tested;
c) the numerical grey scale rating and/or instrumental assessment for the change in colour of the specimen;
d) the reference detergent and bleach activator.

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ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

Annex A
(normative)

ECE non-phosphate reference detergent / TAED procedure

A.1 The reference detergent is supplied in three separate parts as given in Table A.1.
a) ECE non-phosphate reference detergent base powder (1998 Formulation).
b) Bleach activator, tetra-acetylethylenediamine (TAED).
c) Sodium perborate tetrahydrate (NaBO3·4H2O).

For details of sources of supply apply to: The Society of Dyers and Colourists, PO Box 244, 82 Grattan Road,
Bradford BD1 2JB England or Deutsche Echtheitskommission, Institutweg 1, 85435 Erding, Germany.
Table A.1 — ECE 1998 non-phosphate reference detergent (without optical brightener)
a) Base detergent %
Linear sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate (mean length of alkane chain C11,5) 9,7
Ethoxylated fatty alcohol C12-18 (7EO) 5,2
Sodium soap, chain length C12-17 46 % : C 18-20 54 % 3,6
Foam Inhibitor, DC2 - 4245 4,5
Sodium aluminium silicate (zeolite 4A) 32,5
Sodium carbonate
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Sodium salt of a copolymer from acrylic and maleic acid 5,2
Sodium silicate (SiO2:Na2O = 3,3:1) 3,4
ISO 105-C09:2001
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/f8c76798-303e-43f3-a619- 1,3
Diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic0cd1653e33f9/iso-105-c09-2001
acid) 0,8
Sodium sulfate 9,8
Water 12,2
b) Tetra-acetylethylenediamine (TAED) 100 % activea As separate addition
c) Sodium perborate tetrahydrate As separate addition
a
The activity of the supplied TAED will be specified and is likely to be less than 100 %.
The required amount (g) of TAED per litre of wash liquor is calculated:
1,8 × 100
% activity

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 ISO 105-C09:2001(E)

A.2 Prepare the wash liquor by dispersing 10 g of the ECE non-phosphate reference detergent base powder
[A.1 a)] plus 1,8 g TAED [A.1 b)] (at 100 % activity) (see Table A.1 for details of calculation where the activity of the
TAED is less than 100 %) and 12 g sodium perborate tetrahydrate [A.1 c) per litre of grade 3 water (4.2).

A minimum of 1 l detergent solution (A.2) should be prepared immediately prior to each laundering run.

A.3 Vigorously disperse the ECE base detergent powder, TAED and the sodium perborate tetrahydrate in the
amounts specified in A.2 using the mixer at a minimum speed of 16,667 s−1 (1 000 rpm) in grade 3 water (4.2) at
(25 ± 5) ◦ C and stir for (10 ± 1) min.
A.4 Place the specimen in one of the containers of the laundering device (5.1). Add to the container the
appropriate volume of wash liquor to provide a liquor:specimen ratio of 100:1. Check that the solution is at the initial
temperature (25 ± 5) ◦ C. Close the container, place in the laundering device (5.1) and commence rotation.

A.5 Raise the temperature at a rate of (1,5 ± 0,5) ◦ C per min to the required temperature of (60 ± 2) ◦ C and
continue to run the test for a further (30 ± 1) min at this temperature.

A.6 Remove the specimen at the end of the wash and place in a 4 l beaker half filled with grade 3 water (4.2) at
ambient temperature. Gently agitate, rinse for 1 min and then place the beaker under a cold running tap for 10 min.

A.7 Squeeze the test specimen by hand to remove the excess water.
A.8 Dry the specimen by pressing flat between filter papers to remove excess water. Then air dry at a temperature
not exceeding 60 ◦ C.

A.9 Assess the change in colour of the specimen using grey scale or instrumentally with reference to the original
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fabric (4.3). (See also ISO 105-A02; ISO 105-A05; ISO 105-J01, ISO 105-J03.)
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