Thermochemistry Old QB 2019 Ans

1.
B
[1]
2. D
[1]
3. A
[1]
4. D
[1]
5. B
[1]
6. A
[1]
7. B
[1]
8. A
[1]
9. D
[1]
10. C
[1]
IB Questionbank Chemistry 1
11. C
[1]
12. D
[1]
13. A
[1]
14. B
[1]
15. D
[1]
16. C
[1]
17. A
[1]
18. C
[1]
19. B
[1]
20. B
[1]
21. A
[1]
22. B
[1]
23. C
[1]
24. (a) amount of energy required to break bonds of reactants

3 × 413 + 358 + 464 + 1.5 × 498 (kJ mol–1) / 2808 (kJ mol–1);
amount of energy released during bond formation of products
4 × 464 + 2 × 746 (kJ mol–1) / 3348 (kJ mol–1);
∆H = –540 (kJ mol–1); 3
Award [3] for correct final answer.
Award [2] for (+)540.
If old Data Booklet is used accept answer: –535 (kJ mol–1) or
award [2] for (+)535.
(b) (i) m(methanol) = (80.557 – 80.034) = 0.523 (g);

 0.523 g 
n(methanol) =   = 0.0163 (mol);
−1 
2
 32.05 g mol 
(ii) ∆T = (26.4 – 21.5) = 4.9 (K);

q = (mc∆T =) 20.000 × 4.18 × 4.9 (J) / 20.000 × 4.18 × 4.9 × 10–3 (kJ);
0.41 (kJ); 3
0.41 (kJ)
(iii) ∆HcO = − / –25153 (J mol–1);
0.0163(mol)
= –25 (kJ mol–1); 2
Award [1] for (+)25 (kJ mol–1).
(c) (i) bond enthalpies are average values/differ (slightly) from

one compound to another (depending on the neighbouring
atoms) / methanol is liquid not gas in the reaction; 1
(ii) not all heat produced transferred to water / heat lost to
surroundings/environment / OWTTE / incomplete combustion
(of methanol) / water forms as H2O(l) instead of H2O(g) ; 1
Do not allow just “heat lost”.
[12]
25. (a) N2H4(g) + 2F2(g) → N2(g) + 4HF(g)

Award [1] for reactants and products.
Award [1] if this equation is correctly balanced.
Ignore state symbols. 2
(b) Hydrazine:
Nitrogen:

N N
;
Accept lines, dots and crosses to show electron pairs.
Penalize missing lone pairs once only. 2
(c) ΣBE (bonds broken) = (4 × 391) + 158 + 2(158) / 2038(kJ);

ΣBE (bonds formed) = (945) + 4(568) / 3217 (kJ);
∆HO = 2038 – 3217 = –1179 (kJ);
Award [2] for (+)1179 (kJ). 3
(d) (N2H4 / F2) better rocket fuel;

ECF: answer must be consistent with equation in (a) and ∆H in (c).
5 vol/mol (g) > 3 vol/mol (g) / more moles/greater amount of gas produced;
∆HO (N2H4 / F2) > ∆HO (N2H4 / O2) (per mole) / (N2H4 / F2) reaction more
exothermic; 2 max
[9]
26. (a) energy required = C=C + H–H/612 + 436 and

energy released = C–C + 2(C–H)/347 +2(413) /
energy required = C=C + H–H + 4(C–H)/612 + 436 + 4(413) and
energy released = C–C + 6(C–H)/347 + 6(413);
∆H = (1048 – 1173)/(2700 – 2825) = –125 kJ mol–1; 2
(b) ∆H = –1411 + (–286) – (–1560) = –137 kJ mol–1; 1
(c) the actual values for the specific bonds may be different to the average
values / the combustion values referred to the specific compounds / OWTTE; 1
(d) (i) –125 kJ mol–1; 1
(ii) average bond enthalpies do not apply to the liquid state / OWTTE;
the enthalpy of vaporization/condensation of cyclohexene and
cyclohexane / OWTTE; 2
[7]
27. (a) energy required = C=C + H–H/612 + 436 and

energy released = C–C + 2(C–H)/347 + 2(413) /
energy required = C=C + H–H + 4(C–H)/612 + 436 + 4(413) and
energy released = C–C + 6(C–H)/347 + 6(413);
∆H = (1048 – 1173)/(2700 – 2825) = –125 kJ mol–1 2
(b) ∆H = –1411 + (–286) – (–1560)/correct energy cycle drawn;

= –137 kJ mol–1;
Award [1 max] for incorrect or missing sign. 2
(c) the actual values for the specific bonds may be different to the average
values / the combustion values referred to the specific compounds / OWTTE;
(137 − 125)
(percentage difference) = × 100 = 8.76 %;
137
(137 − 125)
Accept × 100 = 9.60 %. 2
125
(d) (i) –125 kJ mol–1; 1
(ii) average bond enthalpies do not apply to the liquid state / OWTTE;
the enthalpy of vaporization/condensation of cyclohexene and
cyclohexane / OWTTE; 2
[9]
28. (i) nickel / platinum / palladium;

150–200 °C / heat; 2
Accept temperatures in this range.
Accept room temperature as an answer if platinum or palladium used.
(ii) the enthalpy change when (one mole of) the gaseous bond is
broken (or formed) / X–Y(g) → X(g) + Y(g) / X(g) + Y(g) → X–Y(g);
averaged for the same bond in a number of similar compounds / OWTTE; 2
(iii) energy in: C=C + H–H and energy out: C–C + 2C–H;
Accept energy in C–C + 6C–H + C=C + H–H and energy
out 2C–C + 8C–H.
∆H = (612 + 436) – (347 + 826) = 1048 – 1173 / –125 (kJ mol–1); 2
Award [1] for +125.
If old Data Booklet values then allow: ∆H = 1048 – 1172
= –124 (kJ mol–1)
(iv) due to the relative strength of the C–C and 2C–H bonds
compared to the C=C and H–H bonds / bonds in products
stronger than bonds in reactants; 1
[7]

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1.

24. (a) amount of energy required to break bonds of reactants

(b) (i) m(methanol) = (80.557 – 80.034) = 0.523 (g);

(ii) ∆T = (26.4 – 21.5) = 4.9 (K);

(c) (i) bond enthalpies are average values/differ (slightly) from

(ii) not all heat produced transferred to water / heat lost to

25. (a) N2H4(g) + 2F2(g) → N2(g) + 4HF(g)

(c) ΣBE (bonds broken) = (4 × 391) + 158 + 2(158) / 2038(kJ);

(d) (N2H4 / F2) better rocket fuel;

26. (a) energy required = C=C + H–H/612 + 436 and

(b) ∆H = –1411 + (–286) – (–1560) = –137 kJ mol–1; 1

(d) (i) –125 kJ mol–1; 1

27. (a) energy required = C=C + H–H/612 + 436 and

(b) ∆H = –1411 + (–286) – (–1560)/correct energy cycle drawn;

(d) (i) –125 kJ mol–1; 1

28. (i) nickel / platinum / palladium;

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