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P525/1
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
July/August 2018
2 ¾ hours

Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

CHEMISTRY

Paper 1

2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Answer all questions in Section A and six questions in Section B.

All questions must be answered in the spaces provided.

The Periodic Table with relevant atomic masses is supplied at the end of the paper.

Mathematical tables (3- figure) and non-programmeable electronic calculators may be

used.

Illustrate your answers with equations where applicable.

Molar gas constant, R = 8.31JK-1mol-1

Molar volume of a gas at s.t.p. is 22.4 litres.

Standard temperature = 273 K

Standard pressure = 101325Nm-2

For Examiner’s Use Only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total

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 SECTION A (46 MARKS)
1. State what would be observed and write equation for the reaction when;
(a) Manganese (II) sulphate solution is reacted with nitric acid followed by
solid sodium bismuthate.
Observation (01 mark)
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Equation (01½ mark)
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(b) Excess potassium iodide is added to copper (II) nitrate;
Observation (01 mark)
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Equation (01½ mark)
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2. (a) Propan -1-ol reacts with concentrated orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4)
when heated to form compound Z. Write equation for the reaction and outline the
mechanism. (03 marks)
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(b) Compound Z in (a) can be synthesized form a secondary alkylhalide. Write
equation and outline a mechanism for the reaction. (2½ marks)

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 3. (a) Define the term standard heat of formation of a substance. (01 mark)
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(b) The standard enthalpy of atomization of graphite and hydrogen are +715 and
+218 kJmol-1. The standard enthalpy of formation of ethane is +52 kJ mol-1.
(i) Using a Born – Haber cycle, calculate the standard heat of formation of ethene
from gaseous atoms. (02½ marks)
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(ii) The mean bond energy for the C – H bond in 415 KJmol-1. Determine the
value of the mean bond energy for the C=C bond. (02 marks)
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4. (a) (i) Write the formula of the oxides of tin. (01 mark)
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(ii) State the oxidation states of tin each oxide. (01 mark)
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(b) Sodium hydroxide solution was added to an aqueous solution of tin (II)
chloride dropwise until in excess.
(i) State what was observed. (01 marks)
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(ii) Write equation(s) for the reaction(s) that took place. (02 marks)
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 5. (a) Draw the molecular shapes of the following species. (03 marks)

Species Shape Names

(i)
NH4+

(ii) SF4

(iii) NO2-

(b) Explain why the anion (iii) adopts the shape. (02 marks)
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6. (a) The structure of neoprene is;
H H
* CH2C C C *
Cl H n
(i) Write the structure and IUPAC name of the monomer of neoprene.
(01 mark)
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(ii) When 1.10g of the monomer was polymerized, 2.59 x 10-4 moles of
neoprene was formed. Determine the number of monomer units in the
neoprene. (04 marks)

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7. A crystalline solid P dissolves in water to form a colourless solution. Addition of
ammonia solution and disodium hydrogenphosphate in ammonium chloride to the
aqueous solution produced a white crystalline precipitate slowly. The aqueous
solution formed a white precipitate soluble in ammonia solution when silver nitrate
solution was added.
(a) i) Identify solid P (01 mark)
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ii. What is the role of magnesium chloride? (01 mark)
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iii. Write equations for the reactions that took place. (03 marks)
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8. A solution contains 2.0g of propane -1,2,3–triol in 60g of water;
(a) Calculate the boiling point of the solution at 760 mmHg.
(C=12, H=1, O=16, Kb for water = 0.520c mol-1 kg-1) (03 marks)
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(b) State any two assumptions you made in the calculation. (02 mark)
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9. The initial rate of the reaction between the gases NO and H2 was measured in a
series of experiments at a constant temperature and the following rate equation
was determined. rate = k[NO]2[H2]

(a) Complete the table of data below for the reaction between NO and H2

Experimen
t Initial [NO] / mol dm–3 Initial [H2] / mol dm–3 Initial rate / mol dm–3 s–1

1 3.0 × 10–3 1.0 × 10–3 1.8 × 10–5

2 3.0 × 10–3 7.2 × 10–5
3 1.5 × 10–3 1.0 × 10–3
4 0.50 × 10–3 8.1 × 10–5
(03 marks)

(b) Using the data from experiment 1, calculate a value for the rate constant, k,
and state its units. (2 marks)
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SECTION B (54 MARKS)

10. (a) Gas Y contains 50% sulphur, the rest being oxygen. Methane diffuses 2 times
faster than Y at the same temperature and pressure. Determine the;
(i) Empirical formula of Y. (02 marks)
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 (ii) Molecular formular of Y. (03 marks)
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(b) Gas Y was bubbled into acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution.
(i) State what was observed. (01 marks)
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(ii) Write an equation for the reaction that took place. (1½ marks)
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(c) Barium nitrate solution was added to the resultant solution in (b) above;
(i) State what was observed. (01 marks)
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(ii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction that took place. (01 mark)
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11. Name a reagent(s) which can be used to distinguish between the following
compounds. State what would be observed if each member of the pair is treated with
the reagent.
(a) BaCl2(aq) and CaCl2(aq) (03 marks)
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 (b) CH3CHO and CH3CH2CH2CHO. (03marks)

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O
(c) CH3CCH3CH2CH3 and CH3CH2CCH2CH3 (03 marks)
O
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12. (a) (i) Write the name and formula of one ore from which aluminium is
extracted. (01 mark)
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(ii) Name two impurities in the ore. (01 mark)
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(iii) Name a reagent used in the purification of the ore. (½ mark)

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(b) Write equation(s) for reactions(s) that take place during the purification of the
ore. (4½ marks)
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 (c) Cryolite is added to the melted ore and electrolysed;
(i) State the purpose of adding cryolite. (½ marks)
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(d) Write an equation to show how anhydrous aluminium chloride can be

prepared from aluminium oxide. (1½ marks)

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13. Complete the following equations and outline a mechanism for the reaction.
O
(a) C-H conc.HNO3
Conc. H2SO4 (04 marks)

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(b) CH3C≡ CH excess HBr

CCl4 (3½ marks)
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 (c) CH3CH=CH2 + HCl ROOR (1½ marks)
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14. (a) Sodium benzoate undergoes hydrolysis when dissolved in water, write;
(i) An equation for the hydrolysis of sodium benzoate in water. (01 mark)

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(ii) The expression for the hydrolysis constant Ka for sodium benzoate. (01 marks)
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(b) The hydrolysis constant Kh for sodium benzoate is 1.6 x 10-10 moldm-3. Calculate
the PH of a 0.1M sodium benzoate solution.
(Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 mol2 dm-6) (03 marks)
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(c) Calculate the mass of sodium benzoate that should be added to 1dm3 of 0.1M
benzoic acid in order to give a solution whose pH is 4.6. (04 marks)
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15. (a) The initial rate of reaction between ester A and aqueous sodium hydroxide
was measured in a series of experiments at a constant temperature. The data obtained
are shown below.
Experimen Initial Initial
Initial rate
t concentration of concentration of A
/ mol dm–3 s–1
NaOH / mol dm–3 / mol dm–3
1 0.040 0.030 4.0 × 10–4
2 0.040 0.045 6.0 × 10–4
3 0.060 0.045 9.0 × 10–4
4 0.120 0.060 to be calculated

Use the data in the table to deduce the order of reaction with respect to A
and the order of reaction with respect to NaOH. Hence calculate the initial
rate of reaction in
Experiment 4.

Order with respect to

A............................................................................................

Order with respect to

NaOH.....................................................................................

Initial rate in Experiment

4.........................................................................................

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(b) In a further experiment at a different temperature, the initial rate of reaction

was found to be 9.0 × 10–3 moldm–3 s–1 when the initial concentration of
A was 0.020 moldm–3 and the initial concentration of NaOH was 2.00
moldm–3. Under these new conditions with the much higher concentration
of sodium hydroxide, the reaction is first order with respect to A and
appears to be zero order with respect to sodium hydroxide.

(i) Write a rate equation for the reaction under these new conditions.

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 (ii) Calculate a value for the rate constant under these new conditions and
state its units.

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(iii) Suggest why the order of reaction with respect to sodium hydroxide
appears to be zero under these new conditions.
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16. (a) Write the electronic configuration of chromium. (½ mark)

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(b) A mixture of chromium (III) oxide and sodium peroxide was heated;

(i) State what was observed. (01 mark)

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(ii) Write an equation for the reaction that took place. (1½ marks)

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(c) Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to chromium (III) oxide.

(i) State what was observed. (½ mark)

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 (ii) Write an equation for the reaction that took place. (1½ marks)

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(d) Sodium hydroxide solution was added drop wise until in excess to the
resultant solution in (c) followed by hydrogen peroxide solution and the
mixture heated.
(i) State what was observed. (01 mark)

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(ii) Write equation(s) for the reaction(s) that took place. (2½ marks)
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17. (a) Methanol is manufactured by reacting carbon and hydrogen according to the
equation;
CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(g) H   65 KJmol 1

State the conditions necessary for optimum yield of methanol. (1½ marks)

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 (c) Stoichiometric amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen were reacted. At
equilibrium 15% of the carbon monoxide had reacted;
(i) Calculate the number of moles of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and
methanol present at equilibrium. (02½ marks)
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(ii) If the equilibrium constant for the reaction is 4 x 10-10 Pa-2, the pressure
in the system. (05 marks)
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END

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