PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT REVIEWER Self-Development It is taking steps to be better for

yourself, such as by learning new skills or overcoming

What is personal development? bad habits.
- One's conscious choice to improve their lives to be a
better person and grow as individuals. Self-Concept It refers to your awareness of yourself.
- lifelong process Your ideal self is the self that you aspire to be. It is the
one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs that of a mentor or some other worldly figure.

Determination this allows you to completely focus on

achieving your desired goals without getting distracted,
anything less such as impulsive desires. This can be
developed through self-discipline training. It appears in
the process of personal development, as a result of
getting aware of yourself, your actions, and their
consequences.

NOTE: Self – Reliance The ability to identify their own skills

PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS: Survival needs of a and knowledge, capabilities, and resources to engage in
individual meaningful activities and not rely too much on others.
SAFETY NEEDS: Security
LOVE AND BELONGING: About connect with others Managing stress it helps combat stress that arises in
ESTEEM: Your self/ self-worth daily life from the environment and other people. Stress
SELF-ACTUALIZATION: Satisfaction about your self/ arises from uncertainty in an unknown situation when
Fulfillment/ Having a support system such as parents. lack of information creates the risk of negative
consequences of your actions. It increases efficiency in
Self-Knowledge: This is formed through social the actively changing environment.
encounters that provide insight on how others react to
you. Self-knowledge is the foundation of the actual self. Holistic Development
Adjusted and re-adjusted and are derived from outcomes - Whole/General development
of social interactions from infant to adult development. - Aims to develop physical, intellectual, emotional,
cognitive, and, social.
The actual self is who we truly are as individuals. This - It is referring to the “process of self-actualization and
involves the way we think, feel, look, and act. This can learning that combines an individual’s mental, physical,
be seen and observed by others however; we are not able social, emotional, and spiritual growth
to genuinely know how others perceive us; thus, the
actual self is our self-image. The Five aspect of the holistic health
1. Physical Health- Focuses in motor skills and gross
The Ideal Self refers to how we aspire ourselves to be. It motor skills (psychomotor skills).
is an idealized version of ourselves that we have created 2. Mental Health - Is a Behavior, cognitive, and
over time based on our learning's and experiences. It is emotional well being state.
the idealized version of your persona you want to be. 3. Emotional health - it say that emotional health can
affect your physical health.
The Real Self who we actually are, The real self can be 4. Social health - Interaction can contribute to our
seen by others, but because we have no way of truly emotional and mental health.
knowing how others view us, the real self is our self- 5. Spiritual Health- Is not about become religious it also
image. your inner soul (true self). This is the attribute of a
person’s consciousness and beliefs, including the values
Persistence refers to how an individual moves forward and virtues that guide and put meaning into a person’s
in life despite the obstacles and problems that come in life.
their way reduces the costs of overcoming obstacles. Just 5 Aspect of holistic development
like determination, this can be developed through self- 1. Physiological Development - it is the physical
discipline training. attributes including the five senses. Body development
(Infancy to adulthood) and continues throughout life.
Creativity it allows you to find extraordinary ways to 2. Cognitive development - It is the emergence of the
carry out a specific action that no one has tried yet. It ability to think and understand.
can lead to a decrease or an increase of costs, but
usually, the speed of action is greatly increased when
using creative tools.
The theory of Jean Piaget The challenges of middle and late adolescence
1. Sensorimotor stage ( Birth to age 2) by means of 1. Self esteem - It is all about believing in oneself,
motor action to learn. having confidence in own value as a person, and
2. The pre-operational stage (age 2-7) young children are positively seeing oneself.
able to think about symbolically and develop memory 2. Physical Appearance
and imagination. Use words and picture to represent a 3. Confidence - Realistic sense of one’s capabilities and
words or objects. feeling secure in that knowledge.
3. Concrete Operational stage (age 7-11) characterized 4. Group Belonging
by the development of logical thought, sophisticated, 5. Relationship - Emotional mature/rational behavior
and can follow rules (understand). and thinking.
4. Formal operational stage (age 11-beyod) develop the * Romantic Relationship - Highly intense and emotional
ability to think logic to abstract and symbolic reasoning. 6. Sexuality and Sexual relationship - Identity and
Can create solution tp a problem. control sexual expression.
7. Academic Concern
Physchological development *Procrastination - to be slow or late about doing
- The development of human being cognitive, emotional, something that should be done because you are lazy,
intellectual, and social capabilities and function over the * Fear of Failure
course of a normal life span, from infancy through 8. Choosing the right courses and career path
adulthood. 9. Socio-emotional challenges
* Grief , anxiety and depression
Three major dimensions *Panic attack
1. Physical development
2. Cognitive Erickson’s Eight creates the eight stages of personality
3. Social emotional development development define each stage of human development
with a crisis or a conflict.
A brief treatment of Psychological development Erick Erickson propose the 5 stages of personality
follows: development.
1. Infant/infancy 1. Trust vs mistrust - Being Honest/Integrity/ this is the
- Full treatment of human mental development most important period of a child's life, as it shapes their
- Familiarization/ Recognize. view of the world as well as their overall personality.
2. Childhood 2. Autonomy vs shame and doubt
- Physical development like skills, growth, brain, 3. Initiative vs guilt - The child begins to assert control
muscles, and senses. Can understand and can use and power over their environment by planning activities,
language. accomplishing task, and facing challenges. This stage
- It is the period when a person is a child. occurs during the preschool years, between the ages of
3. Adolescence three and five.
- Transitional phase of growth and development between 4. Industry vs inferiority
childhood and adulthood. Continuous to develop of 5. Identity vs role confusion
mental, emotional, cognitive, and physical (PUBERTY) 6. Intimacy vs isolation
Puberty- Physical changes by which adolescents reach 7. Generativity vs stagnation- People experience a need
sexual maturity. Bodily changes related to reproduction. to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often
having mentees or creating positive changes that will
The age during adolescence may be bracketed as benefit other people. "How can I contribute to the
follows: world?"
1. Early Adolescence (AGE 10-13) 8. Integrity and despair
- Black and white thinking
- It is at this stage that physical changes generally  Digital Immigrants - This generation was born in
commence, usually beginning with a growth spurt and the midst of a great technology boom; hence, they
soon followed by the development of the sex organs and were also referred to as "digital natives"
secondary sexual characteristics.
2. Middle adolescence (AGE 14-17) Self - awareness and meeting life challenges
- Physical Changes from puberty continue. *Sigmund Frued - An Austrian neurologists who
- Interested in romantic (poppy love) and sexual provided a more in-depth of knowing one’s self and
relationship. espoused the psychoanalytic theory.
- Argument with parents Psychoanalytic theory - conjunctures that mental life
3. Late adolescence (AGE 18-21/BEYOND) exists on energy system which divided into 3 levels of
- Not a teen but not yet adult awareness.
-The major physical changes have usually occurred by
now, although the body is still developing. ( Physical
Changes, Intellectual Change, & Relationship Changes)
The three levels of Awareness and The three  Moral - A very important mechanism in dealing
provinces of mind ( the iceberg theory of Frued) with stress. It helps in avoiding the damages that
may be brought about by severe or chronic stress to
health and well-being.

Stress a Stimulus, Response, and Relational

As STIMULUS, stress is caused by situations that may

be life-threatening or life-changing. This includes
separating from loved ones, moving into a new place, or
having a new career. These situations or events are often
called stressors.
Conscious mind - All mental process and sensation that
As a RESPONSE, the way the body reacts to
are aware.
challenging situations. This involves the interactions
Preconscious mind - Memory/ Stored Knowledge
between the hormones, glands, and nervous system
Unconscious mind - Hidden memories/ traumatic
where the adrenal gland drives the production of cortisol
memories/ Hidden thoughts ( Unacceptable desires: you
or better known as "stress hormone," Norepinephrine
are scared to acknowledge).
triggers the body's reaction, such as increasing the heart
rate, blood pressure, and respiration, to prepare the body
The three province of mind
for action.
ID - Pleasure principle/ Immature “ If it is good, just do
As RELATIONAL. When a person experiencing stress
it”
takes a step back to look at the situation causing the
Super ego - Moral principle/ Good and Bad
stress and assesses it.
Ego - Reality Principle / The judge /personality
component responsible for dealing with reality.
Healthy stress is stress that can motivate, energize, and
spur an individual into fruitful action.
Fruedian slip - Error space cause by the conflict between
the three province.
Two Sources of Stress
Defense Mechanism - Coping strategies that help to
protect one self from unpleasant feelings. 1. External Stressors - This come from the outside, like
situations, people, and experiences.
* Freud’s Defense Mechanism 2. Internal Stressors - These come from within you.
1. Repression - Holding Back
2. Projection - Project their thoughts feeling or behaviors Coping
onto some else. When someone unconsciously attributes A very important mechanism in dealing with
their thoughts, feelings, or behavior to another person. stress. It helps in avoiding the damages that may be
(Delulu) brought about by severe or chronic stress to health and
3. Sublimation - Redirecting negative feeling into well-being. Coping can be problem-focused when
positive one (use or do something to feel better) . As remedies or solutions are thought of to change the
someone with anger issues may channel their aggressive situation to lessen the stress.
urges into sports instead of lashing out to others.
4. Regression The Human Brain
5. Displacement - Transferring one’s emotion to others The human brain is a complex organ. It weighs
approximately 3 pounds, and it contains about 100
STRESS billion neurons and 100 trillion connections. The brain is
- It is simply a reaction to a stimulus that disturbs our the command central of all that we think, feel, and do. A
physical or mental equilibrium. In other words, it's an complex organ that controls thought, memory, emotion,
omnipresent part of life. A stressful event can trigger the touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature,
"fight-or-flight" response, causing hormones such as hunger and every process that regulates our body.
adrenaline and cortisol to surge through the body.
- Stress as a response is the way the body reacts to The brain is divided into two halves or hemispheres- the
challenging situations. This involves the interactions left and the right hemisphere. Within each half,
between the hormones, glands, and nervous system, particular regions control certain functions. The two
where the adrenal gland drives the production of sides of the brain look very much alike, but there is a
cortisol, better known as the "Stress hormone". huge difference in processing information (Kadivar,
2020). Despite these differences, they do not work
independently of each other.
The Left Brain vs. The Right Brain result in death if left untreated. Those with eating
disorders have a variety of symptoms. However, most
Left Brain vs Right include the severe restriction of food, food binges, or
Brain Traits purging behaviors like vomiting or over-exercising.
People described as left-
brain thinkers are told Anorexia Nervosa is the most well-known eating
they have strong math and disorder. It generally develops during adolescence or
logic skills. On the other young adulthood and tends to affect more women than
hand, those who are men (For Health's Sake). People with anorexia generally
described as right-brain thinkers are told that their talents view themselves as overweight, even if they are very
are more on the creative side of things.1 Here are a few underweight. They tend to constantly monitor their
traits of each. weight, avoid eating certain types of foods, and severely
Traits of a Left-Brained Person restrict their calories (For Health's Sake).
The left side of the brain is adept at certain tasks.
Characteristics of the left brain include those related to: Bulimia is an eating disorder. It is characterized by
 Language uncontrolled episodes of overeating, called bingeing.
 Logic This is followed by purging with methods such as
 Critical thinking vomiting or misuse of laxatives. Bingeing is eating much
 Numbers larger amounts of food than you would normally eat in a
 Reasoning short period of time, usually less than 2 hours.
What are "left-brained" people like? They are described Examples of Mental Illness
as logical, analytical, and orderly. The theory suggests 1. Depression is a low mood that lasts for a long time
that people who are left-brain dominant do well in and affects your everyday life. It is manifested by a
careers that involve linear thinking, math, and verbal person who loses interest in most things that excites
information. This includes careers such as accountant, him/her and experiences drastic changes in appetite and
scientist, or computer programmer. sleep.
Traits of a Right-Brained Person 2. Anxiety is what we feel when we are worried, tense,
According to the left-brain, right-brain dominance or afraid, particularly about things that are about to
theory, the right side of the brain is best at expressive happen or which we think could happen in the future.
and creative tasks. There are several abilities popularly
associated with the right side of the brain. Based on According to Buzan, mind maps have four important
these, a right-brained thinker is good at: features (Erdem, 2017):
 Recognizing faces a) The subject is written at the center of the mind.
 Expressing emotions b) The main themes of a subject are written as branches
 Creating music connected to the center.
 Reading emotions c) Branches state a key picture or keyword on the
 Appreciating color connected lines
 Using imagination d) Branches have a structure that is related to each other
 Being intuitive
 Being creative
So what are so-called "right-brained people" like? They
are often described as being more emotional, intuitive,
and creative. They are often described as doing well in
careers that involve creative expression and free-
thinking, such as becoming an artist, psychologist, or
writer.

Mental health refers to how one's thoughts, feelings,

and behaviors can affect their life. Having good mental
health can result in a positive self-image which can lead
to satisfying relationships with friends and other peers.
Additionally, this helps one make good decisions and
enables them to deal with challenges present at home,
school, or work.

Eating disorders refer to a range of psychological

conditions that cause unhealthy eating habits to develop.
This may start with an obsession with food, body
weight, or body shape. In severe cases, eating disorders
can cause serious health consequences and may even