YENEPOYA INSTITUTE OF ARTS, SCIENCE, COMMERCE AND

MANAGEMENT

KULUR, MANGALORE

YENEPOYA (DEEMEED TO BE UNIVERSITY)

AN INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

“A STUDY ON CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION OPERATIONS,FREIGHT WITH

REFERENCE TO MIV LOGISTICS PVT.LTD”

SUBMITTED BY

MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BASHEER

BBA A&L

20BBAAL168

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MS ASHWITHA K

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF

THE DEGREE OF BACHELORS IN COMMERCE

SEPTEMBER 01-OCTOBER 01, 2022

1
 YENEPOYA INSTITUTE OF ARTS, SCIENCE, COMMERCE AND
MANAGEMENT

KULUR, MANGALORE

YENEPOYA (DEEMEED TO BE UNIVERSITY)

CERTIFICATE

This is to Certify that the Internship Report entitled "MIV CFS LOGISTICS" has been
carried out by Mr MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BASHEER bearing Reg. No. 20BBAAL168.
During his V semester BBA A&L Course in the academic year 2022, submits in Partial
Fulfilment of Requirements for the award of the Degree of BBA.

Project Guide

Head of the Department

Valued at the V Semester examination Principal

Examiner
1. ……………………
2. ……………………
3. …………………….

2
 DECLARATION

I MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BASHEER bearing Reg. No. 20BBAAL168 hereby declare

that this project report entitled “ A STUDY ON CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION
OPERATIONS, FREIGHT” with reference to “MIV LOGISTICS”, Cochin had been
prepared by me towards the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the
Bachelors of Commerce at Yenepoya (Deemed to be University) under the guidance of
Ms. MS ASHWITHA K, Department of Commerce, Yenepoya Institute of Arts,
Science, Commerce and Management

I also declare that this field study report is the result of my own effort and that it has not
been submitted to any university for the award of any degree or diploma.

Place: Mangalore MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BASHEER

Date:14/02/2023 V BBA A&L

20BBAAL168

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I, MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BASHEER, endeavor to write this project report “ A STUDY ON

CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION OPERATIONS,FREIGHT”, I am fortunate enough to
receive the wholehearted support and inspiration from many people.

Above all, I thank the God Almighty for having showered his blessings in abundance and
guiding me through this mission. I am gratefully indebted to The Yenepoya College for
continuous encouragement and assistance in the realization of this project report.

I am also obligated to Mrs. Ms ASHWITHA K for the constant support and supervision that
they had extended to me during the different stages of the completion of this project.

Place: Mangalore MUHAMMAD

HAFIZ BASHEER

Date:14/02/2023 20BBAAL168

4
CERTIFICATE OF INTERNSHIP

5
 INDEX

Chapter Number Title Page Number

1 Introduction 09
2 Company Profile 11
3 Competitors Profile 15
4 Terms of Reference 18
5 Mission, Goals and 27
Objectives
6 Industrial Profile 32
7 Duties, Roles, 47
Responsibilities and
Learnings from The
Organization
8 Application of the Theory 51
into Real Life Situation
9 Lessons Learnt and 55
Challenges
10 Conclusion 58

11 Recommendation 60

12 Appendix 62

6
 SUMMARY
This is the report of the internship I had at the of MIV Logistics from September 01st 2022
to Otober 01st 2022. As a whole, the internship was a useful experience. I have gained new
knowledge, skills and met many new people. I achieved several of my learning goals,
however for some the conditions did not permit. I got insight into professional practice. I
learned different facts of working. I experienced that financing, as in many organizations,
is an important factor for the progress on projects. Related to my study I learned more
about Logistics industry. There is still a lot to discover and to improve. The methods used
at the moment are still not standardized and a consistent method is in development.
MIV Logistics private limited, a joint venture of MFAR- INKEL VKL GROUP @IV)
INKEL LTD, Bahrain, based VKL Group and resort chain MFAR Hotels & resorts Ltd
with a wide network and specialized services. MIV Logistics was incorporated in the year
2011 with Board of Directors as Dr. Ellangovan K, Jayakrishnan Krishna Menon, Shaji K
Mathew with the main objective of offering its customers complete logistics solutions that
span the spectrum of the industry. MIV initiated as a purely cargo-based company for the
south Indian Market. They expanded their product line by introducing Warehousing and
Freight services across India.

Freight forwarding is the coordination and cargo of items from one vicinity to every
other by way of a single carrier by way of marine and highway.

The significance of freight forwarding for international change was once identified in
Canada in 1948 with the institution of the Canadian International Freight Forwarders
Association (CIFFA). CIFFA diagnosed that forwarding freight, whether or not with the
aid of land, marine, rail or air requires coordination, rules and agreed-
upon satisfactory practices to make sure that items waft in a well timed and
trained manner throughout borders, overseas, and all through the world.

The concepts of freight forwarding are premised on the environment friendly and cost-
effective switch of items that are maintained in proper circumstance at some stage in their
travels. To accomplish this, freight forwarders end up professionals in managing the
logistics imperative to make sure that items arriveon time.

7
Successful change and delivery in increasing globalizedmarket’s ability having
the proper equipment at your disposal.

Negotiating tariffs, customs guidelines and being fluent in the necessities of delivery with

The aid of land, sea, rail, and air, fright for warders manipulate the danger and advantages
of delivery each nationally and internationaly with the usage of the today”s advanced
technologies.

8
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

9
 1. INTRODUCTION

This report is a short description of my internship carried out as compulsory component of

TRAINING IN CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION OPERATIONS, FREIGHT.

The internship was carried out within the MIV Logistics from September 01,2022 to
OCTOBER 01,2022.

At the beginning of the internship, I formulated several learning goals, which I wanted to
achieve;

1. To understand the functioning and working conditions of a non-governmental

organization
2. To see what is like to work in a professional environment
3. To see if this kind of work is a possibility for my future career
4. To use my gained skills and knowledge
5. To see what skills and knowledge I still need to work in a professional environment
6. To learn about the organizing of a research project
7. To get fieldwork experience in an environment unknown for me
8. To get experience in working with persons from another culture
9. To enhance my communication skills
10. To build a network

This internship report contains my activities that have contributed to achieve a number of my
stated goals. After this a reflection on my functioning and the learning goals achieved during
the internship are described. Finally, I give a conclusion on the internship experience
according to my learning goals.

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 CHAPTER 2
COMPANY PROFILE

11
 2.COMPANY PROFILE

MIV LOGISTICS Pvt.Ltd Cochin Kerala

2.1 ABOUT MIV LOGISTICS

MIV Logistics private limited, a joint venture of MFAR- INKEL VKL GROUP @IV)
INKEL LTD, Bahrain, based VKL Group and resort chain MFAR Hotels & resorts Ltd has
formed a joint venture company named a MIV it to develop a Container Freight Station
(CFS) at Vallarpadam. International Container Transhipment Terminal (ICFT). The joint
venture, initiated by INKEL, called MIV Logistics private limited, has developed the CFS on
18.5 acres at Vallarpadam ICTT.

INFRASTRUCTURE: Spread over 18.5 acres landscape, the CFS boasts of a total capacity
of 80000 TEUS per annum. Amongst others, some of its key infrastructure highlights are;
50000 sq.ft export and import warehouse with dedicated labour for stuffing and de-stuffing
especially suitable for agricultural commodities 12 reefers plug points, advanced yard and
container handling equipment

SOME CLEAR ADVANTAGES THAT THIS FACILITY OFFERS INCLUDE: public

bonding facility spread over an area of 15000 sq. meters, private bonding facility of 50000
sq. meters. The only import bonding warehousing facility in Kochi empty container yard of 5
acres ensures it provides integrated solutions to its customer fully automated system for

12
cargo & yard management. Trucking-first mile/last mile giving you single point contact,
Import container storage-cost is saving from unexpected port storage costs.

2.2VISION

To be the leading private sector inland container logistics service provider in South Asia:
most profitable, preferable and the biggest.
MISSION
o To provide quality, safety and security, cost effective & reliable service.
o To remain forever committed to excellence.
o To achieve each "END" tempered by "QUALITY" means.
o To make constructive contribution to the society at large.

Customer's centricity: With an aim to provide best-in-market services that meet global
standards, the CES has various thoughtful and customer centric features which ensure
convenience of Interaction and carrying out business. Technology and process excellence
initiatives are leveraged to ensure that
o CHA facilitation office with internet EDI connectivity.
o Separate inspection area for general & scarp cargo.
o Multiple carting points.
o Capability to ramp up infrastructure to handle increased reefers.

2.3SERVICES

o import container storage

o Full container loads movement
o Customs inspection facilitation
o De stuffing/stuffing operations
o Warehouse storage
o Import bonding
o In-block movement of import containers

13
o Empty container depot
o Container maintenance & repair (M&R) service Reefer & dry
o Reefer maintenance & repair service inside port ICTT, Vallarpadam
o PT at port
o Malfunction (loaded at ICTT, port)
o Long standing container management/auction facilitation
o Transportation solutions
o Hazardous cargo handling
o Customs examination facilitation
o On-time reports and updates
o Dedicated customer

14
15
 CHAPTER 3
COMPETATORS
PROFILE

16
 2.1COMPETITORS PROFILE

1. GATEWAY DISTRIPARKS KERALA PVT LTD

GDKL brings vast resources and expertise to work, order to support our customers with
comprehensive logistics solution. Gateway District parks Ltd 600/0 subsidiary, Gateway
District parks Ltd commenced CFS operations on 8th may 2012, handling exports containers
through the international container terminal in Kochi and GDKL's Container Freight Station
will help facilitate EXIM trade in the region.

2. FALCON CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION

The Container Freight Station of Falcon group commissioned in the integrated Logistics
services facility at Kalamassery, Kerala in the year 2007 is the state's first-fledged CFS in
private sector. The facility has the most advanced amenities for stuffing and de-stuffing of
containers, bonded warehousing, in house customs clearance and banking, computerized
operations and a host of other most modem facilities and services.

3. COCHIN INTERNATIONAL CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION

Cochin International Container Freight Station (CICFS) first of its kind in the public sector
segment with state of the sit facility is another prestigious project of Kerala state industrial
Enterprises mited (a Gov. of Kerala Undertaking). CICFS is set up in 85 acres, situated at
Eloor hardly 14kms away from the Vallarpadam international container trans-shipment
terminal abeam container road reaching premier junction (Kalamassery). As a part of our
continual improvement CICFS are at the receiving ISO 9001:2008 certificates. CICFS
provision facility management for export, import, warehousing, Ingistics, weighing, packing,
baggage, Reefer plug-in, and container stacking
FINDINGS
. The first thing we saw when we visited MIV CFS was the gate operation.
o Leave the container inside only if they are shown on two paper gate as declaration
and work order.
o Then it will check if the container are empty.
o They also check the weight of the container coming in and out.

17
o The out pass and vehicle number must also be shown to exist the container coming
from yard.
MIV CFS Found container stuffing and de stuffing in bonded warehouse.
o Also saw materials handling and stacking in bonded warehouse.
o Also saw the reefer container working process.
o Also saw the scrap yard and stuffing and de stuffing
o 24!7 CCTV Surveillance manned by trained security personal.
o 24/7 Security guards at the gate and across the facility.
o High mast lights for enhanced visibility in the yard Fire fighting systems.
o Vehicle safety training for all trailer drivers.
o Perimeter wall across the facility.

18
 CHAPTER 4
TERMS OF REFERENCE

19
 4.1.TERMS OF REFERENCE

The logistics industry can feel like an alphabet soup of acronyms.

Especially when you’re moving between different specialties, like trucking and importing,
for example, logistics terminology is highly specific and can be a little confusing to keep
track of.

To make sure you’re always fluent in the language of logistics, bookmark this guide. By
knowing these key definitions, any logistics pro is better equipped to make decisions that
support your customers and your business’s bottom line.

We’ll start with a list of the most common logistics industry terms. Then you’ll find sections
for important logistics terms in transportation, 3pl and warehousing, and trade.

General logistics terms

4.2 ANTI-COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY

Anti-competitive behavior is an important concept in logistics for many reasons. It includes

dumping (when a country or company sells products at a loss to drive away competitors),
price fixing (when companies agree to set higher prices together to prevent competition
from lowering prices), and government subsidies (that allow a company or industry to
operate at a loss, preventing competitors from entering the market). Several government
agencies discussed in this article regulate anti-competitive activity in the logistics industry.

4.3 API – APPLICATION PROGRAM INTERFACE

APIs Are Critical to Automating Information Exchange, Which Is

Transforming the logistics industry. APIs provide a structure for data exchange between
systems. For example, a fulfillment center that automatically updates an ecommerce store’s
inventory uses an API to exchange inventory information.

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4.4 B/L OR BOL – BILL OF LADING

A document issued to a shipper which contains details about the method and destination of a
shipment, plus basic information about the contents. A BOL can act as a receipt for the
cargo and can be used as proof of ownership or authority to pick up and deliver.

4.5 CFR – CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

The US government’s comprehensive list of laws and rules. The CFR is divided into 50
chapters (or “titles”) that represent broad areas of federal regulation. Title 49 deals with
transportation.

4.6 CRADLE THE GRAVE

Model of operations where operators or agents own all communications related to a

shipment.

4.7 DIMWT – DIMENSIONAL WEIGHT

Also called “volumetric weight,” DimWt is a measurement of weight that is estimated based
on a package’s length, width, and height.

4.8 EDI – ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE

The electronic exchange of information that was transmitted on paper in the past. The UN
has developed EDI standards known as EDIFACT

(Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce, and

Transport), which provide a standard set of syntax rules to structure data.

21
4.9 ERP – ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING

ERP generally refers to the software- and tech-assisted integrated management of business
processes. Resources and commitments are tracked to more efficiently allocate resources
and meet obligations. Adoption of logistics-specifics ERP software is becoming more
common as automation makes it easier to track physical goods in real time across multiple
locations.

4.10FMCSA – FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY

ADMINISTRATION

FMCSA regulates safety in trucking in the United States, including safe working hours and
conditions for truck drivers.

4.11GRI – GENERAL RATE INCREASE

An amount by which ocean carriers increase their base rates due to increased demand.

4.12HAWB – HOUSE AIR WAYBILL

A receipt issued by a freight forwarder for goods. It differs from an Airway Bill in that the
freight forwarder does not own or operate the aircraft.

4.13HAZMAT – HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Any item or chemical which, when being transported or moved in commerce, is a risk to
public safety or the environment, and is regulated as such under its Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration regulations (49 CFR 100-199).

4.14INCO – INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL TERMS

22
The INCO, or Incoterms, are published by the International Chamber of Commerce; they
define the rights and responsibilities of each party to a sales contract. They clarify when the
legal possession of goods transfers from buyer to seller.

4.15SUPPLY CHAIN

Supply Chain refers to the steps in the life cycle of a product’s design, manufacture,
transport and sale. These might be factories, freight forwarders, customs brokers, fulfillment
warehouses or trucking companies.

4.16Transportation Terms

ACAS – AIR CARGO ADVANCED SCREENING

ACAS requires that information on a shipment’s contents be filed with US Customs before
being shipped by air from foreign locations.

4.17AOBRD – AUTOMATIC ON-BOARD RECORDING DEVICE

A device on a vehicle that tracks driving time based on Federal Motor Carrier Safety
standards.

4.18AWB – AIR WAYBILL

A document issued by an airline or freight forwarder when goods are shipped by air.

4.19CMV – COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE

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Defined by FMCSA as any vehicle that transports goods or passengers for payment. CMV’s
are subject to registration and inspection requirements and there are detailed regulations for
CMV drivers.

4.20 ELD – AN ELECTRONIC LOGGING DEVICE

An ELD shares some functionality with an AOBRD, but a change in FMCSA rules will
require all commercial vehicles to have a registered ELD by December 16, 2019.

4.21FAA – FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION

The FAA regulates civil aviation, including flight traffic and aircraft safety regulations. The
FAA also develops programs to improve the efficiency and security of air traffic with
technology.

4.22FCL – FULL-CONTAINER LOAD

A full shipping container, regardless of size, consigned to a single party.

4.23FMC – FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION

The FMC protects the public from unfair and deceptive trade practices by regulating ocean
shipping rates, licensing carriers, providing dispute resolution services, and maintaining
ocean freight rate databases.

4.24LTL – LESS-THAN TRUCKLOAD

24
A common logistics acronym that refers to shipments smaller than a whole truck load, from
single boxes through multi-pallet shipments.

4.25MAWB – MASTER AIR WAYBILL

The main airway bill issued for receipt of goods from an airline. The MAWB may cover
several HAWBs (House Airway Bills) issued by a freight forwarder.

4.26TMS – TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A subset of supply chain management that often connects an ERP with legacy transportation
management systems. Software offerings range from traditional license purchases to SaaS or
cloud-based options, and combinations of the two3PL & Warehousing Terms

4.273PL – 3RD PARTY LOGISTICS

Providers of outsourced services like warehousing, distribution, and fulfillment; increasingly

common in the logistics industry as businesses specialize their core functions and turn to
3PL vendors for more efficient product handling.

4.28ABC – ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING

A costing method where overhead costs are distributed across tasks and considered a direct
cost.

4.29 CFS – CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION

A warehouse where freight shipments are consolidated or subdivided between segments of

the supply chain. They are generally located near a port and are often Customs-bonded.

25
Shipments are handled in CFS’s prior to import, which is important for LCL/LTL
shipments (jump down below for LCL & LTL definitions).

4.30 DP – DEMAND PLANNING

Demand planning is forecasting demand for a particular service or product so that it can be
manufactured and delivered when a customer needs it. It allows lower lead times and a
better use of resources.

4.31 OS&D – OVER, SHORT, AND DAMAGED

When goods are received damaged or in quantities smaller or larger than expected, the
receiver can file an OS&D report.

4.32 RL – REVERSE LOGISTICS

Reverse logistics is the handling of goods that are moving backwards on the normal supply
chain. This can include everything from recycling to customer returns.

4.33 UPC – UNIFORM PRODUCT CODE

Standardized global identifiers that allow products to be tracked through the supply chain
across buyer and seller accounting and distribution systems.

4.34 WMS – WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Software applications that allow for the automation and optimization of warehouse,
distribution, and fulfillment logistics.

26
4.35 CIF – COST, INSURANCE, AND FREIGHT

CIF means that a seller is providing the goods, their transportation, and insurance for the
cost paid by the buyer. Other costs, including import and local delivery, are the
responsibility of the buyer. Those who imports goods from China are often familiar with this
term. New importers should use caution, as foreign manufacturers may give the impression
that CIF includes all costs.

27
 CHAPTER 5
MISSIONS, GOALS AND
PURPOSES

28
 MISSION, GOALS AND PURPOSE

5.1 Mission

MIV Logistics Pvt. Ltd administration mission is to control and coordinate the waft of
the merchandise from the dealer factor to the consumer's hand Logistics things to
do commenced from managing and sourcing the uncooked substances up till handing
over the closing product to the hand of the consumer. Our mission is to supply a
positive, dependable ride to every and each and every one of
our purchasers whilst imparting first-rate cost in the market and putting the trendy for
professionalism in the logistic options we provide. Flourish as depended
on transportation companion for quite a
number corporations and obtain consciousness for excellence in provider through:

• Proper, reliable and environment friendly transportation of consignments

• Smooth and quick transport of items

In addition to working our enterprise profitably, we attempt to function it

responsibly each for our consumers and our employees, for whom our aim is
to grant a secure and tightly closed work environment.
To supply our client’s incredible logistics offerings during the world, facilitating their
success and furthering change and improvement in the entire region.

5.2 Goals

1) Order fulfilment: It implies that the transaction between the dealer and the patron is
being comfy with the particular product supplied in the agreed quantity.

2) Delivery fulfilment: The order ought to additionally be delivered at

the proper place and at the proper time. Both contain the scheduling of transportation and
freight distribution things to do

29
3) Quality fulfilment: The order should be supplied intact (in appropriate condition),
implying that any structure of harm should be averted at some point of transport and
delivery. This is specifically necessary for merchandise that are fragile, perishable,
or touchy to temperature fluctuations.

4) Cost fulfilment: The ultimate expenses of the order, consisting of manufacturing and
distribution costs, should be competitive. Otherwise, different alternatives will be
considered.

All operations associated to logistics goal to make sure that demand is at

ease satisfying goals, irrespective if it is a phase made on hand to a producer or
a properly be existing on a store’s shelf. There are three predominant classes of logistics
operations. Every suitable logistics business enterprise ought to have set of dreams to
reach.
Part of the planning technique of each logistics business enterprise is placing up
some commercial enterprise dreams and targets that want to be done during the year.
These dreams and goals would possibly pertain to the logistics enterprise as a whole, or
they may refer to one of a kind departments, customers, employees, and
even advertising efforts.

5.3 Objectives

A logistics administration enterprise is accountable for

arranging protected and fast transportation, imparting warehouse solutions,
as nicely as helps the distribution of materials. They additionally appear after the export
and import of items in some instances as well. These are some of the primary features of
a 3PL administration company. 3PL or the Third-Party Logistics is
experiencing beneficient growth possibilities with the surfacing of more than a few sturdy
industries. Being a 3PL carrier provider, at KRS make positive that we stick
to sure recommendations that consist
of offering tremendous consumer service, administration of huge quantity of freight for

30
our customers and assembly deadlines.

5.4 Purpose

Logistics groups plan, implement, and manage the motion and storage of goods, services,
or data inside a furnish chain and between the factors of foundation and consumption.
Within an employer they boost relationships with suppliers and clients, make
sure that merchandise is in the proper region at the proper time, apprehend the desires of
their customers, and actively are looking for extra effective, less
expensive and quicker methods to transport products.

5.5 Order processing:

This section is the duty of the company’s business department. Here don’t confuse order
processing with order manufacturing. The industrial group take orders
from clients and locations the product in the warehouse.
They inform the warehouse branch about the order gadgets and different integral things.
If the patron has performed his payment, the industrial crew has to make the entry.

5.6 Materials handling:

Material managing is depended on the warehouse department. Because it’s

their duty to system the orders efficiently.
In the organization warehouses, there are heaps of merchandise stored. If you misplaced
any of the materials, when the cloth associated product order will come, it’s now
not feasible to search each and every fabric in the warehouse to locate out the one
material.

5.7 Warehousing:

In the case of excessive demand products, the manufacturing ought to continually be on

point. When demand is high, manufacturing and order processing must be fast.
Otherwise, the product market can be taken by using different products.
31
If the distance between the warehouse and the supplier or distributor’s area is now not so
much, then the order processing will be quicker and will get instantaneous deliveries.

5.8 Inventory control:

Inventory administration is the most crucial issue in logistics. Sometimes your loss
or advantage relies upon on it. To manipulate inventories properly, you have
to lookup the cutting-edge demand first.
Because if you produce greater or fewer devices than the demand, your corporation will
run on loss for that period.
o Transportation:
The bodily transport of items is referred to as Transportation.
It includes items motion from warehouse to supplier and from supplier to
the quit customer. Transportation is the heaviest phase of logistics. One mistake in
transportation can smash all of the goods,
as nicely as appropriate transportation, attain the items in the palms of
the patron efficiently.

5.9 Packaging:

Packaging is a huge duty for the logistics team. Because insufficient packaging
can injury the product.
There are two kinds of packaging. One is to make the product presentable
as nicely as fascinating to customers, and different is the transport packaging
to defend the product from any damage.

32
 CHAPTER 6
INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

33
6.1 INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

According to the Ministry of Shipping, around 95 per cent of India's trading by volume and
70 per cent by value is done through maritime transport.

India has 12 major and 187 non-major ports. Cargo traffic, which recorded 1,052 million
metric tonnes (MMT) in 2015, is expected to reach 1,758 MMT by 2017. The Indian ports
and shipping industry plays a vital role in sustaining growth in the country’s trade and
commerce. India is the sixteenth largest maritime country in the world, with a coastline of
about 7,517 km. The Indian Government plays an important role in supporting the ports
sector. It has allowed Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of up to 100 per cent under the
automatic route for port and harbor construction and maintenance projects. It has also
facilitated a 10-year tax holiday to enterprises that develop, maintain and operate ports,
inland waterways and inland ports.

6.2 MARKET SIZE

India’s 12 most important ports treated a blended extent of 1.39 million 20-foot-
equivalent devices throughout April to May 2016. During April-December 2015, the
Average Turnaround Time (ATT) had decreased to 2.12 days from 2.30 days a 12
months ago; whereas the common pre-berthing time had fell to 3.97 hours from 5.55 hours.
The ability of all the essential ports as on January 31, 2016 used to be 892.92 MMT vs
871.52 MMT as on March 31, 2015. Additionally, the authorities has
taken numerous measures to enhance operational effectivity through mechanization,
deepening the draft and rapid evacuations. In FY 2015-16, the Indian
Port area witnessed potential addition of ninety-four Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA),
which is the absolute best in the records of most important ports.
The Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce and
Industry, stated that the Indian ports quarter obtained FDI really worth US$ 1.64 billion
between April 2000 and March 2016.

34
 6.3 INVESTMENTS/DEVELOPMENTS

 The Indian Minister for Shipping, Road Transport and Highways, Mr. Nitin
Gadkari, introduced a huge funding in India’s ports and roads sector, which is in all
likelihood to assist improve the country’s economy. The Indian authorities plans
to boost 10 coastal financial areas as section of plans to revive the country’s
Sagarmala (string of ports) project.
The zones would be transformed into manufacturing hubs, supported by means
of port modernization projects, and should span 300–500 km of the coastline.
The authorities is additionally searching to increase the inland waterway area as
an choice to avenue and rail routes to transport items to the nation’s ports and hopes
to entice non-public funding in the sector.
• Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) and India Ports Global Private
Limited (IPGPL) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for
implementation of three extra works well worth Rs 476 crore (US$ 70.56 million) in
the Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project (KMTTP) in Myanmar.
• The India Ports Global Pvt Ltd plans to set up a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) in
Iran with participation from personal Iranian and
Indian corporations to improve and function the Chabahar port project, which
is predicted to provide India a sea-land get admission to route into
Afghanistan via Iran’s Japanese borders.
• Maersk Line India Pvt Ltd, has expressed self-assurance in Government of
India's insurance policies like Sagarmala project, and cited that the business
enterprise is eager on taking Indian ports on lease.
• An specialist panel of the Union Environment Ministry has encouraged approvals
for tasks really worth Rs 20,500 crore (US$ 3.04 billion) in the aviation and port
sectors.
• Minister of Road Transport and Highways, and Shipping, Mr Nitin Gadkari is
hopeful of bringing a 'blue revolution' in 5 years which will consist
of growing eight predominant ports, making 27 industrial clusters, growing rail
and street connectivity with ports and will entail funding of round Rs 400,000 crore
(US$ 59.3 billion)

35
 • The Maritime India Summit 2016, which used to be held in Mumbai attracted
investments really worth Rs 82,905 crores (US$ 12.29 billion) throughout 141
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and commercial enterprise agreements,
which had been signed by way of quite a number gamers in the maritime sector.
• JM Baxi Group, an built-in logistics, offerings and transportation conglomerate,
has initiated talks with Private Equity (PE) money to elevate round US$ 150-200
million, which will be invested in its asset-heavy agencies such as port terminals and
container managing facilities.

 DP World Pvt. Ltd, world’s fourth biggest container port operator, plans to invest
over US$1 billion in India, which will be used for augmenting its port-related
operations.

 Government of India plans to invest Rs 70,000 crore (US$ 10.38 billion) in 12 major
ports in the next five years under 'Sagarmala' initiative.

 Government of India is planning to set up low-cost non-major ports along coastline

under the Sagarmala project and has asked all the 12 major ports to accord priority
berthing to such vessels and to encourage quicker movement of cargo.

 Jindal ITF plans to invest nearly Rs 500 crore (US$ 74.12 million) to further
transloading operations in Haldia. The company, which already transports imported
coal in barges to NTPC's power plants in Farakka and Kahalgaon from the
Sandheads, plans to transload cargo at the deep-drafted location at Kanika Sands and
transport it to Haldia.

 A memorandum of understanding (MoU) has been signed between the Inland

Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) and Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation
of India (DFCCIL) to create logistics hubs with rail connectivity at Varanasi and
other places on national waterways. The joint development of state-of-the-art
logistics hubs at Varanasi and other areas would lead to the convergence of inland
waterways with railways and roadways, thus providing a seamless, efficient and
cost-effective cargo transportation solution.

 The state-run Shipping Corporation of India Ltd (SCI) is expected to purchase five
vessels from the state-owned Cochin Shipyard Ltd. It is also likely to issue tenders to

36
 buy two used Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) carriers as it looks to re-start ship
purchases that were frozen after poor financial performance.

 Kamarajar Port Limited (KPL, erstwhile Ennore Port Limited) has signed an
agreement with M/s Toyota Kirloskar Motor Pvt Ltd to export automobile units
through Kamarajar Port. The agreement primarily includes a clause that would
restrict original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to use KPL as their primary port.
KPL would in turn offer volume-based discounts on the tariffs on certain facilities
for the smooth functioning of operations.

 The Visakhapatnam Port Trust (VPT) has outlined an Rs 3,000 crore (US$ 444.72
million) expansion-cum-modernization plan aimed at enhancing the port's capacity
by nearly 50 per cent. The port is estimated to invest Rs 800 crore (US$ 118.6
million), a fourth of the planned investment, while seeking private partners to invest
the remainder by way of public-private partnerships (PPPs).

 Maharashtra’s Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) plans to build a satellite port at
Wadhwan near Dahanu (bordering Gujarat), which is estimated to cost Rs 10,000
crore (US$ 1.48 billion) to build and likely to ease the congestion of ships at JNPT.

6.4 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVE

While unveiling plans worth Rs 10 trillion (US$ 148.24 billion) in the highway and shipping
sectors by 2019, India’s Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways and Shipping, Mr
Nitin Gadkari, stated that the country’s basic infrastructure is forecast to change in the next
five years. The Ministry of Shipping plans to launch the National Perspective Plan (NPP) by
January 2016 which aims at comprehensive and integrated development of Indian coastline
by identifying potential geographical regions to be called Coastal Economic Zones (CEZs)
extending 300-500 km along the coast and 200-300 km inland.

A high decibel pitch was made for aggressively developing the country’s port sector at a two-
day Maritime India Summit (MIS) which was held in Mumbai in April 2016, and received

37
firm commitments worth US$ 12 billion and another US$ 60 billion in the pipeline for
projects in the sector.

The Union Cabinet is planning to propose amendments to the Multi Modal Transportation of
Goods Act, 1993, with a view to increase transparency in the shipping and logistics sectors
and to discourage container freight stations from overcharging both importers and exporters.

The Government of India plans to amend the current Model Concession Agreement (MCA),
by providing a better allocation of risks between the government and private firms, thereby
encouraging investments in the sector.

The Government of India plans to introduce a new framework on renegotiation of Public

Private Partnership (PPP) contracts, which will allow renegotiations based on sector-specific
issues, especially for national highways and ports, and provide greater flexibility to the
parties involved.

The Ministry of Shipping, India and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea have signed
a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for cooperation in phrases of sharing technological
know-how and experiences in port improvement and operation, and joint port-related
construction, constructing and engineering projects.
As a section of the Government of India's ongoing initiative to modernize primary ports in
India, the Ministry of Shipping plans to make investments Rs 14,225 crore (US$ 2.11
billion) throughout 30 initiatives involving ability enhancement of 162 MTPA (Million
Tonnes Per Annum) in FY 2015-16.
The Government of Maharashtra plans to come up with a coverage with the aid of January
2016 for creating ports alongside the 720 km lengthy shoreline of the state, along
with improvement of creeks at Vasai, Jaigad and Rajapuri for built-in coastal shipping.
The Union Minister mentioned that the Government of India has set an bold goal to
convert one hundred and one rivers throughout the u . s . a . into waterways to promote water
transport and propel financial growth.
The authorities plans to set up two new essential ports, one at Sagar in West Bengal and
the different at Dugarajapatnam in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh. Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi has laid the basis stone for the Fourth Container Terminal of Jawaharlal
Nehru Port at Mumbai, which is anticipated to expand the current capability of the container
terminal by using extra than twice.

38
The Ministry of Shipping, in collaboration with Rajasthan government,
has deliberate to enhance an Inland Shipping Port at Jalore, Rajasthan.
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has permitted the Mechanization of
East Quay (EQ) Berths-1, two and three at Paradip Port on Build, Operate and Transfer
(BOT) basis, beneath Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode, which will make bigger their
coal coping with potential from current 7.85 million tonnes to 30 million tonnes.
The authorities is thinking about a inspiration to set up an Integrated National Waterways
Transport Grid (INWTG), which covers principally 5 countrywide waterways. The
INWTG diagram entails the improvement of these country wide waterways with at least 2.5
meters of least handy depth (LAD), upgrade/setting up of precedence terminals,
and institution of avenue connectivity (wherever feasible) and rail and port connectivity. The
Central Government has authorized amendments to 'The National Waterways Bill, 2015'
which will furnish for enacting a Central Legislation to declare 106 extra inland waterways,
as the country wide waterways.

The Government is task the following measures for the ports’ ability expansion:
• Up to a hundred per cent FDI would be allowed beneath the computerized route for
port improvement projects.
• Income tax incentives would be allowed as per the Income Tax Act, 1961.
• Bidding archives such as RFQ, RFP and Concession Agreement have been standardized.
• The Shipping Ministry’s electricity to delegate price range has been more advantageous to
accord funding approval for PPP projects.
• Security clearance techniques have been streamlined.
• The important ports’ developmental tasks are being intently monitored.
The Ministry of Shipping has formulated a Perspective Plan ‘The Maritime Agenda 2010–
2020’ to improve the maritime sector. This Plan consists of forecasts for site
visitors and ability additions at the ports up to 2020. The estimated ability of the ports would
be 3,130 MMT via 2019–20.
The Union Ministry of Shipping has chalked out a complete graph to elevate Rs 100,000
crore (US$ 14.82 billion) to advance ports, construct ships and enhance inland waterways in
the country.

39
6.5 SWOT ANALYSIS OF MIV Logistics PVT.LTD

S-STRENGTHS

• India has access to two major shipping routes

• More than 7500 km coastline including the island territories

• Widespread ports and workable merchant fleet

• Fleet expansion by major domestic shipping companies

• Sustained rise in the volume of exports with revival growth in the manufacturing sector

• Large number of Indian sea farers

•More than 1 billion citizens to drive the import demand

W-WEAKNESSES

• The underinvestment in the India’s maritime sector has affected the development of ports in
the country

• Inefficient judiciary system slow development of new port infrastructure

• High levels of bureaucracy prevent the government funding from developing new port
projects in the country

• Tax structure not allowing the Indian manufacturers to be competitive

O-OPPORTUNITIES

• Indian shipping companies having acquisitions with foreign shipping companies • More
than USD $4bn is expected to be invested in India's port sector.

• New major container terminals being developed at the port of Chennai and Mumbai

• Cargo volumes are expected to grow with an average of 16.5% year on year in the coming
5-10 years.

T-THREATS

40
• Major developments taking place in Sri Lanka's port sector may reduce demand for
transshipment services at Southern Indian ports.

• A government tax on iron ore exports may lead to a fall in bulk shipments at major export
terminals.

• India's ports have suffered from congestion during 2011, potentially slowing the country's
growth trajectory.

41
 6.7ANALYSIS OF PORTER'S FIVE FORCES

FOR MIV LOGISTICS PVT.LTD

Porter's 5 forces are a framework

for evaluation of enterprise and improvement of commercial enterprise strategy,
it additionally determines the aggressive depth and beauty of a market. Attractiveness is
referred to ordinary profitability of enterprise whilst unattractiveness drives down
profitability. This mannequin implies that profitability or
return must be steady throughout companies and industries; on the other hand research have
affirmed that one-of-a-kind industries can have unique stages of profitability due to
their various structure. The mannequin can be used by way of companies to boost area over
rivals. Conventionally, this device is used to discover whether or not new
products, offerings or companies have the practicable to be worthwhile.

6.8 ATTRACTIVENESS FOR SHIPPING INDUSTRIES:-

Governments of most of the international locations are liberal in the direction of the licensing
and improvement of transport business. Major section of the international
locations financial earnings will be advanced from the transport business. So the danger of
new entrance is high, however as the income margin is high,
the elegance is additionally high. Many opponents are accessible in the market and
they grant ideal substitution in phrases of services,
freight fees etc, however the sources are additionally effortlessly available. So
the elegance is additionally high. Suppliers are extra in this subject and the on hand facility is
very much less so the fee is high, which makes suppliers
in susceptible and customers in robust position. So the enterprise elegance is low in this case.
The bargaining electricity of consumer is excessive and potentiality of commercial
enterprise is excessive then many consumers will be there in the market. This
will amplify the attractiveness. Existing gamers are
many, however consistent technological development and up to
date offerings and amenities will extend the attractiveness.
Every character would like to do commercial enterprise in delivery enterprise due
to massive earnings concerned in it. It may additionally appear easy, however virtually it
is extra hard and simply not possible to set up in container line business.

42
The important trouble entails in the giant capital investments in the structure of
vessel, running danger of a vessel and the container availability. In the case of "Maersk", we
can apprehend that it had taken greater than a hundred years to set up themselves to attain at
the pinnacle level. Still there can be danger from present corporations like APL and MSC
to increase into new sectors which will limit the share of the organization running in that
region. "Maersk" is typically running in each section of the world. In positive areas it may
also be the solely participant operating, in such case its income margins
from these operations would be huge. But the income can be severely affected, if APL or
MSC introduce their provider in these regions. If there are any
new manageable corporations who would like to leap into this quarter with massive capital
then different elements like licensing, authorities’ rules, regulations, insurance policies are all
secondary.
Capital requirement is high.
Profit margin is high.
Chance of growth into new quarter is less.
Switching value is less.
Government limit is less.
Capital requirement of the delivery enterprise is very large, so the hazard from the new
entrants is less. As the capital is
very massive the earnings is additionally too excessive in transport industry. Because all
exporters and importers understand the high-quality mode of transport their items is
the delivery line. Switching value of the consumer is excessive due to the fact of the lack
of trip of the new entrants. Most of the international locations foremost economic
system evolves from the delivery industry. So, the authorities will provide full aid for the
new entry.
So typical danger for the new entry is high.

6.9 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTION: -

Substitution risk is additionally an vital element mainly when some thing is
going incorrect in an organization. Competitors are ready to capture that possibility for their
benefit. Substitution risk is the end result of trade in customer conduct in the direction
of competitor or in opposition to company. Substitution might also additionally end
result due to the fact of alternate in great of service, extend in freight fees and extend in
transit time. From view factor of switching costs, shoppers are no longer affected at all due

43
to greater range of suppliers and freight forwarders handy in market. While it might also have
an effect on the business enterprise to positive extent as they have to begin new search of
customer, set up robust family members and instruct them on organization insurance
policies and systems. Switching prices emerge as even extra at instances of downturn due
to minimize in provide of enterprise from customers. Cost issue is in
particular accountable for substitution whilst provider specification comes secondary.
In case due to the prolong of provider or high-quality come to be negative and at
the identical time the wagon fees are additionally similar, then the clients will swap on to the
new substitutes [wagon]. If the oil fee [crude oil/diesel oil] shoots up then
the corporation is compelled to amplify their transport charges. Due to
the multiplied fees in transport and delayed timing to attain the vacation spot on
time, clients will go for the substitutes like airline, wagon or
even vehicles [for sure confined destinations]. If the airline or wagon [goods train]
can nearly fee the equal quotes of the delivery agencies however can attain on time
then clients will suppose for such substitutes.

Substitution chance will be foremost hassle for a reputed business enterprise like "Maersk".
If any provider or the items are no longer delivered in a appropriate manner then
the client have faith on employer will go down. In this existing world human beings might
not compromise for anything. If they are no longer relaxed by means of the provider, they
will soar to other substitutes who can supply higher costs and services.
Availability of the substitutes is high.
Price of substitutes is high.
Quality and overall performance of the substitutes is high.
Switching value is high.
Cost aspect is less.
More variety of market gamers is available, however they all are dealing
in distinct prices, overall
performance and satisfactory will expand the splendor of transport sector.

6.10 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIER: - Suppliers barely make

any distinction to businesses concerned in transport line business, specially who
are main gamers like "Maersk" in this business. While it may also have an effect
on to sure extent to small gamers like Five superstar transport company, Varun

44
Shipping corporation etc. who are struggling to set up inside the industry. Many suppliers are
such which are borne at once through clients however organized by means
of delivery strains like pesticide, wood pallets, container repairs and truck transportation due
to company contract or hyperlink ups of groups with carrier providers. While there
are instances when these identical offerings are borne by using delivery strains however then
these prices are protected in freight fee which would be greater if the suppliers have
been now not organized by using company. "Maersk" grant provider expects a decrease end
result than in 2010 due to decrease contract insurance and weaker spot market quotes than at
the commencing of 2010.
Number of the suppliers is high.
Price component of the suppliers is high.
Profit of the provider is less.
Switching value of the provider is high.
Operating price is high.
So typical energy of suppliers are low.

6.11 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYER: -

Buyer is one of the strongest elements in delivery line business. Buyers may also be
in shape of importer or exporter, clearing agent, freight forwarder or producer of goods.
Sometimes producer himself acts as an exporter or importer if not, then dealer acts on behalf
of producer of goods.
Container line enterprise is primarily based on
two foremost core elements rate and satisfactory of service. Price refers to freight charge at
which one container is determined through delivery enterprise to transport from one region to
another. Due to a good deal opposition in this zone and constrained variety of operators,
bargaining strength of client has accelerated in relation to freight price. Almost
all delivery strains have provider to Jebel Ali (a necessary transit hub in Dubai) from India,
and patron is certain to get very aggressive price for this region from market. For
such places purchaser are honestly like king however when it comes to transporting cargo
to some distance Europe or America, then this strength is transferred
to agencies working in these regions. Therefore "Maersk" has strategized the corporations in
such a way to get most earnings from provider to bizarre or a long way achieving areas and
make regular earnings from operation to frequent areas like Jebel Ali.

45
Another thing Service refers to speedy processing of documents, invoice of lading
and instantaneous loading and motion of containers etc. It is as a substitute hard for clients to
get higher fine of carrier than getting aggressive freight rates. In this world of technological
know-how each and every organization is making an attempt to adapt to new science in their
day to day groups like e-processing of archives and quickest facts entry to title a few.
"Maersk" is so technologically superior in this field, that all its facts processing is
being executed electronically with the aid of again workplace and clients are in a
position to get entry to all facts applicable to cargo even
though devoted house handy on organization website. Electronic strategies are delivery bills,
vessel certificates, freight invoices and consignment of lading in encrypted format, as soon
as the price is achieved through consumer both electronically or at "Maersk" nearby office.
Companies like APL and MSC do have digital processing structures however are now
not entirely fledged and as a end result a good deal of the work
is nonetheless being achieved manually. Other sections of consumers which may
additionally have an effect on container line commercial enterprise are freight forwarders or
clearing agents, with speedy enlargement of transport enterprise and import/export
businesses. Many marketers performing as freight forwarders have got here up in market to
share the income in structure of commission. These retailers earn fee via way
of accumulating extra freight from exporter than charged via transport lines. It
is surprisingly convenient for transport strains to entertain these agents, so there is
no problem of drawing close specific small exporters.
Numbers of the clients are high.
Switching fee is low.
Customer's records and focus is less.
Customer's capability to demand is high.
Freight forwarders and clearing dealers are high.
Number of clients is excessive in this subject due to the export and import
of items from extraordinary components of the world. But
the comparable fee and fine will reduce the attractiveness. Customer's capacity for demand at
some stage in buying will be high, due to the fact suppliers are in risk of dropping customer.
Switching price of clients is low due to the fact of extra wide variety of suppliers. Due
to handy availability of containers thru retailers as an alternative of looking out by way
of the delivery businesses in distinctive locations the bargaining energy of freight forwarders

46
and dealers will be more.
So normal bargaining strength of client is high.

47
 CHAPTER 7
DUTIES, ROLES,
RESPONSIBILITIES AND
LEARNINGS FROM THE
ORGANIZATION

48
 7.1 DUTIES, ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES AND LEARNINGS FROM THE
ORGANIZATION

From September 01st to October 01st, I interned in Clearing and Forwarding division
at MIV Logistics. I additionally volunteered to assist the different departments
for in addition experiencing. During the first few days, I used to
be added the shape of personnel and how departments in the employer cooperate.
After having determined how the complete chain works, I was assigned making
ready and transferring documents. This is an excellent chance formed
to apprehend higher about the operation and
interdependence amongst departments. I also was assigned to keep the lists of the
items coming and going out of the warehouse. I have received myself a lot
of capabilities and understanding of forwarding business. As the
internship length is alternatively short, I have no longer had the throughout
opportunity to be worried extra into the industry. However, this is a great
opportunity for me to attain a perception into the working fact in one of the
logistics enterprises with almost 20 years of ride.

❖ 7.2 Pack & Move

While transferring from one neighborhood to another, the most quintessential factor that
revolves in your thinking is about the safety of your belongings. SECL is conscious and
realizes the sentiment related with the purchasers and they take tremendous care to
make sure that they provide pinnacle rated packing and transferring choices to their clients.
To stop the gadgets from dust, moisture and exceptional damage, they use
packing materials of international standards. They use a variety of kinds of containers for
different objects like one of packing containers for fragile devices and placing container for
clothes. Advantages that are certain from their aspect are on the spot contract of claims in
case of surprising contingencies, part load, and zero trans-shipment.

❖ 7.3 Warehousing

Based on customer requirements, the warehouse is equipped with top-of-the-line

infrastructure and latest technology in order to ensure safe and efficient handling of the
49
consignments to and from the warehouse. The shipments are stored in the warehouse and the
load is holded and dispatched according to the customer’s request. 24/7 CCTV surveillance is
associated in the warehouse regarding with security concerns. The flow of movement of
goods within the warehouse is done strictly through pallets and stackers. The consignments
are handled with all safety measures.

❖ 7.4 Logistics

Teamwork and meticulous timing are the fundamentals at the again of the success of the
company’s system. They help their client groups to run
their organization effortlessly barring any trouble. Their major reason is to streamline
the assignment of turning in shipments of our customers companies. Starting from
the approach of pick-up of shipments, they specialize in all exclusive matters to do
like impenetrable transport of gadgets at ideal time, geographical monitoring of cargo
location.

❖ 7.5 Third Party Logistics Providing

3PL or the Third-Party Logistics is experiencing generous boom probabilities with the
surfacing of more than a few sturdy industries. Being a 3PL service provider, I understood
that SECL sticks to certain pointers that embody providing extraordinary patron service,
administration of
extraordinary volume of freight for our clients and meeting deadlines.

❖ 7.6 Carrying & Forwarding

As Carrying& Forwarding as one of the choices furnished by way of the use

of the organization they undertake the listed steps:

1)Receiving items from factories or neighborhood of the clients.

2)Goods warehousing

50
3)Receiving cargo orders from the essential consumer

4)Arrangement of objects dispatch as per the hints furnished by way of way

of purchaser each by using company’s transport or through the true transporters of
the special customer

5)Preservation of all relevant information and archives related to the current stock at
warehouse.

51
 CHAPTER 8

APPLICATION OF THE THEORY TO

THE REAL LIFE SITUATION

52
8.1 APPLICATION OF THE THEORY TO THE REAL LIFE SITUATION

Logistics is normally the designated corporation and implementation of

a complicated operation. In a regularly occurring enterprise sense, logistics is
the administration of the go with the flow of matters between the point of beginning and
the factor of consumption to meet the necessities of clients or corporations.
The sources managed in logistics may additionally encompass tangible items such as
materials, equipment, and supplies, as properly as meals and different consumable items.

Transportation and logistics are accountable for transferring now

not simply people, however commodities- virtually each and every suitable that
you devour or use. Every tank of gasoline you fill up, each and every grocery run, each and
every article of apparel you put on, T & L had a hand in bringing it to you.

A real-life rationalization and example. Logistics is the strategic imaginative and prescient of
how you will create and supply your product or carrier to your stop customer. If you take the
city, city or village that you stay in, you can see a very clear instance of what the
logistical approach used to be when they have been designing it.

Logistics isn’t a phrase or enterprise that we discuss about often, however it’s
a phrase and enterprise that influences our lives day by day – even if we don’t understand it.
Practically each and every enterprise makes use of logistics groups at some point. Efficient
and sustainable logistics is what helps corporations run easily and successfully.

Planes, trains, cargo ships, and even the 18 wheeler you get caught in the back of on
your trip to work are all a section of the logistics supply-chain
that assist supply the high bundle to your door or your espresso shop’s stock to their store.

With all these vessels continuously on-the-go, logistics managers now not solely have to
make positive there’s by no means a kink
in those shifting parts, however they additionally have to assume about the carbon footprint
that their vessels are leaving behind.

53
Logistics isn’t a phrase or enterprise that we discuss about often, however it’s
a phrase and enterprise that impacts our lives day by day – even if we don’t realize it.
Practically each enterprise makes use of logistics agencies at some point. Efficient and
sustainable logistics is what helps organizations run easily and successfully.
Planes, trains, cargo ships, and even the 18 wheeler you get caught in the back of on
your shuttle to work are all a phase of the logistics supply-chain
that assist supply the top package deal to your door or your espresso shop’s stock to their
store.
With all these vessels continuously on-the-go, logistics managers now not solely have to
make certain there’s in no way a kink in these shifting parts, however they additionally have
to suppose about the carbon footprint that their vessels are leaving behind.
Earth day is a day to mirror on how we’re affecting the earth – to see if we’re doing the
whole lot we can to be eco-friendly and reduce down on our carbon footprint.
Logistics organizations are no exception to that thinking manner and reflection on how they
are affecting the environment.
They are working to use the modern-day eco-technologies to improve strength effectivity and
environmental affect by using the use of eco-friendly vessels. This ability that
they’re lowering air pollution output, practicing sustainable buying with
a inexperienced grant chain, the use of gas alternatives, and conserving electricity usage.
All of these steps are decreasing the carbon footprint that these bustling vessels depart in the
back of – which makes the earth and our future on the earth appear bright!
Logistics managers make our each day lives feature smoothly. They are a very vital piece to
our on-the-go way of life and flourishing industries.
With logistics managers turning to eco-technologies, they’re making positive that their
practices continue to be environment friendly and, greater importantly, sustainable.

Variety and Specialization

From silverware and sparkling components to clothes and hangers, nearly something that can
be discovered in a given institution was once as soon as loaded onto a truck and transported
from one area to another. If no longer for a huge and complex logistics network, it would no
longer be feasible to buy gadgets throughout the country from their region of origin. Thanks
to our interstate system, our country has turned out to be interconnected and customers can
have lots of various merchandise at their disposal. Each nation is in a position to specialize
in merchandise and offerings from which all residents can benefit.
54
8.2 Efficiency and Speed
Certain merchandise and offerings are greater time touchy than others, like clean produce and
frozen foods. Still, shoppers are capable to collect these objects right away and some
distance earlier than their expiration date. Each day, thousands and
thousands of items tour billions of miles via unique transportation networks in order
to attain their closing customers in a well-timed manner. If no longer for
the fast and environment friendly nature of logistics, clients would possibly have to settle
for buying items previous their prime.

8.3 Benefit of Freight Brokers

If something goes away in the system, freight brokers are the fantastic supply for a solution.
Utilizing their connections with quite a number carriers and suppliers, brokers
can boost options to keep away from disaster

55
 CHAPTER 9
LESSONS LEARNT &
CHALLENGES

56
 9.1LESSONS LEARNT & CHALLENGES

• Lessons discovered have to inform future insurance policies to

make international provide chains and the buying and selling machine greater durable.

• The categorical transport enterprise has verified resilient all through the
pandemic, however it used to be now not clean sailing.

• Stakeholders have to work collectively to create

a contemporary logistics gadget beneficial of the collective challenges confronted by
using the world now and in the future, together with the shipping of vaccines, and
to assist the world in reality get better from the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Professional communications and Networking

• Leadership, confidence, and accountability

9.2Challenges of Logistics Companies

❖ Fuel Costs: One of the best possible expenses contributing to the ‘cutting transportation
cost’ issue is gasoline prices. Higher gasoline expenses are probable to make
bigger transportation prices for US shippers these 12 months through pushing
up gasoline surcharges. Rising US diesel gas costs are escalating surcharges introduced to
freight rates, which is reversing a two-year fashion that reduce into the income and salary of
truckers as gasoline fees plummeted.
❖ Business Process Improvement: Not withstanding the want for new technology, which
we talk about in quantity eight on this list, it has grown to be a growing task for the
logistics enterprise to continue to be on pinnacle of new advances in commercial
enterprise processes. Taking gain of these
new possibilities sounds attractive however adoption and onboarding can be overwhelming.
❖ Improved Customer Service: Customers choose full transparency into the
place their shipping is at all times. These days, the place of a bundle is as interconnected as
your social network. In fact, as client expectations have increased, their willingness to pay

57
 for quickly transport has lowered with simply about 64% of shoppers unwilling to
pay whatever more for much less than two-day shipping.
❖ Economy: With excessive gasoline costs comes an increased savings disaster and rising
inflationary needs that take an increased toll on the US economy. This enterprise is
then forced by using growing compliance regulations, declining
demand, extra potential with extra will increase in key fee centers.
❖ Driver Shortage & Retention: Hiring and retention continue to be an trouble no
matter the decrease demand cited above.
Government Regulations: Carriers face sizable compliance policies imposed by means
of federal, country and neighborhood authorities.
❖ Environmental Issues: The anti-idling
and different emission discount guidelines delivered about with the aid
of kingdom and neighborhood governments has created subject that the
compliance expenses ought to exceed benefits.
❖ Technology Strategy & Implementation: While the enterprise is aware and helps many of
the advantages of these technologies, some questions continue to be as to how they will pay
for it and who will help put in force the improvements.

58
CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSION

59
 CONCLUSION

The universe every day is witnessing unimaginable growth in majority of the industries. The
logistics and freight industry is one such industry that is rapidly growing. Worldwide
logistics industry is distinguished by fast technological advances and is growing rapidly than
most other industries over the past years. With stiff competition around, the company is
likely to reduce the profitability but with proper management of operations and
by proper customer desired services and also effectively utilizing its alliances it can maintain
and improve the performance. Joint operational ventures for developing the customized
services for its steady growth.

The organization now has the value of being an ultimate service provider for Freight,
Transportation, Cross-docking and Value Adding as per customer needs. The present
scenario and the future of the organization with regard to the management are satisfactory.
The organization can increase the market share by improving with more state of art
technology. The organization can diversify into related other business areas like Warehouses
for lease to other organizations, state of art technology providers for other organizations.
More importance is to be given for HR development by having a separate department for it.
With the development of such a department, several favourable impacts such as increase
in output per employee, increased loyalty, team spirit etc can be generated. it can
be stated that through its excellent service and aggressive logistics service,
organization has shown a noticeable increase in the market share. However, there are some
areas where the company is not at the top-
most position but it cancertainly gear up in the near future and is committed to acquire thatsp
ot.

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 CHAPTER 10
RECCOMENDATION

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 Recommendation
1. For above all the findings, IT solution system is lacking behind than the
standard solutions. This is costing us a good deal of money every month and
employed more people in documentation team.
2. We also lack of skilled employees at our CFS, which sometimes creating
havoc. And employee turnover rate is very high because experience valued
highly within the industry and this is a small industry running by few big
multinational companies, so employee like to switch when they get better
offer.
3. Every 6 months performance evaluation and appraisal accordingly will reduce
employee turnover rate and it will also minimize sudden vacancies which is
hard to fulfil.
4. IMPROVEMENT IN SAFETY OF THE WORKERS:
The company should take necessary steps in order to improve
5. FORMATION OF WORK COMMITTEES:
The company can take steps in formation of the work committees
which helps in maintaining good industrial relation.
6. SUGGESTION SYSTEM:

The management can adopt suggestions system for getting

various suggestions which can be useful and implemented to

smoothen the overall working of the company.

7. IMPROVING THE MORALE OF WORKERS:

The company can take steps in order to motivate and increase

the morale of the workers. The company can introduce

personality development and training programs for the

workers in order to improve their productivity and

efficiency in an overall manner.

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APPENDIX

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1. https://www.mivcfs.com/about-us.php
2. https://www.mivcfs.com/services.php
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics#Handling_and_order_processing
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics#Logistics:_profession_and_organizations

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THANK YOU

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