21st Century Philippine Literature

21st Century
National Artist of the Philippines
AMADO V. HERNANDEZ (1903–1970)

Poet, playwright, and novelist are among the Filipino writers who practiced
"committed art".
Was born in Hagonoy, Bulacan but grew up in Tondo, Manila, where he studied at
the Manila High School and the American Correspondence School. While being a
reporter, columnist, and editor of several newspapers and magazines including Watawat,
Mabuhay, Pilipino, Makabayan, and Sampaguita, he also honed his poetic craft. He
received the Republic Cultural Heritage Award, several Palancas, and an award from the
National Press Club for his journalistic achievements.
LEGACY:
Hernandez, renowned for his socially relevant poetry, emphasized social justice,
oppression, and common people's struggles, leaving a lasting impact on Philippine
literature.
WORKS:
1. Mga Ibong Mandaragit (1969)

2. Luha ng Buwaya (1962)
3. Kung Tuyo na ang Luha Mo, Aking Bayan (2000)
4. The Preying Birds
5. Bullets and Roses: The Poetry of Amado V. Hernandez
6. Birds of Prey (2021)
AWARDS:
1. 1958 Palanca Awards (Muntinlupa)
1
2. 1959 Palanca Awards (Hagdan sa Bahaghari)
3. Republic Cultural Heritage Award (Isang Dipang Langit)
4. Commonwealth Literary Contest (Kayumanggi).
JOSE GARCIA VILLA (1908–1997)

He was a Filipino poet, writer, and critic. He used the pen name “Doveglion,” which
was a combination of the words “dove,” “eagle,” and “lion” and was what he believed
was his true persona.
Villa was born in the Singalong district of Manila to an affluent family just ten years
after the Philippines won its independence from Spain in 1898. After graduating from
high school, Villa enrolled at the University of the Philippines, taking courses on the
pre-medical and then pre-law tracks but finding himself yearning for something
different. He soon realized his true passion was in the arts, trying his hand at painting
before a transformative reading of Sherwood Anderson’s Winesburg, Ohio awoke his
talent for creative writing.
LEGACY:
Pope of Philippine Literature, renowned for his avant-garde style, developed the
reversed consonance rhyme scheme, "comma poems," and explored themes like love,
identity, and Filipino experience, paving the way for modernist writing.
WORKS:
1. Doveglion
2. The Anchored Angel
3. Selected Poems and New (1958)
4. Appasionata: Poems in Praise of Love (1979)
5. The Critical Villa
6. The Collected Stories of Jose Garcia Villa
AWARDS:
1. Guggenheim Fellowship in Creative Writing award
2
2. 1973 national artist award for literature
3. Outstanding work in American literature award
4. Artists of the Philippines Tubod National Artist,
5. Academy Award for Literature
6. LNNCHS Award for Literature,
7. UP Golden Jubilee Literary champion,
8. Pro Patria Award
9. Heritage Award for poetry and short stories
10. Honoris causa doctorate degree for literature
NICK JOAQUIN (1917-2004)

He was a Filipino novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, and a biographer whose
works present the diverse heritage of the Filipino people.
Well known as a historian of the brief Golden Age of Spain in the Philippines, as a
writer of short stories suffused with folk Roman Catholicism.
LEGACY:
Nick Joaquin, a prominent writer in Philippine English literature, produced an average of

50 articles or stories annually for nearly 70 years. He witnessed various societal
transformations and has over 60 book titles, including classics like May Day Eve and The
Summer Solstice.
WORKS:
1. The Woman Who had Two Navels (1961)

2. A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino (1966)
3. The Aquinos of Tarlac: An Essay on History as Three Generations (1983)
4. Cave and Shadows (1983)
AWARDS:
1. Journalist of the Year in the 11th National Press Club-Esso Journalism Awards
(1966)
3
2. Philippines Free Press Short Story Contest (1949)
3. Ten Most Outstanding Young Men of the Philippines (TOYM), Awardee for
Literature (1955)
4. Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award from the City of Manila (1964)
5. National Artist Award (1976).
6. Ramon Magsaysay Award for Literature (1996)
7. Tanglaw ng Lahi Award from the Ateneo de Manila University (1997)
CARLOS P. ROMULO (1898-1985)

Newspaper editor, army general, university president, ambassador, foreign
minister, national artist, president of the United Nations General Assembly.
He was a Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and an author. He was a

reporter at 16, a newspaper editor by the age of 20, and a publisher at 32.
LEGACY:
Carlos P. Romulo led the First Student Protest in 1918, became an aide-de-camp to
MacArthur, and won the Pulitzer Prize for Peace in 1941. He served as UN General
Assembly President and wrote 22 books.
WORKS:
1. I Saw the Fall of the Philippines

2. My Brother Americans
3. I See The Philippines Rise
4. I am a Filipino
5. The United
6. Crusade in Asia
7. The Meaning of Bandung
8. The Magsaysay Story
AWARDS:
1. National Artist for Literature, 1982
4
2. Pulitzer Prize in Correspondence, 1942

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21st Century

National Artist of the Philippines

AMADO V. HERNANDEZ (1903–1970)

1. Mga Ibong Mandaragit (1969)

1. 1958 Palanca Awards (Muntinlupa)

JOSE GARCIA VILLA (1908–1997)

1. Guggenheim Fellowship in Creative Writing award

NICK JOAQUIN (1917-2004)

Nick Joaquin, a prominent writer in Philippine English literature, produced an average of

1. The Woman Who had Two Navels (1961)

CARLOS P. ROMULO (1898-1985)

He was a Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and an author. He was a

1. I Saw the Fall of the Philippines

1. National Artist for Literature, 1982

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