AVCN2
AVCN2
AVCN2
Water Facilities
Martin Kral, Radomir Gono, Miroslava Gono
Department of Electrical Power Engineering
VSB - Technical University of Ostrava
Ostrava, Czech Republic
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract—This paper deals with the issue of the location of the turbine into the chamber is well aerated and after
small hydro power plants in the water supply systems. Here are distribution throughout the water that is discharged through the
the possible positions of location the SHPPs in the water supply turbine into the chamber is well aerated and after distribution
system. An important part of the water supply system problems throughout the tank space contributes to better mixing of the
are the resulting losses due to faults in the water lines, which are dosed reagents with the treated water [1], [4-6].
also caused by excessive pressure in the water supply system. To
help with selecting a turbine for SHPP, an application was II. SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE LOCATION FOR SHPP
created. The application results are compared to the real ones.
Many control and regulation elements are used in water
Keywords—small hydro power plant; water facilities; control supply systems and water lines are divided into many pressure
valve bands. In most water mains, it is necessary to additionally
control the pressure, or if necessary flow rate in order to reduce
I. INTRODUCTION the hydrostatic pressure (or flow) in the pipeline within the
Hydro power plants are relatively stable in terms of power required limits, this pressure control (flow) is performed
supply over time. The flow does not change in the order of tens without utilization of excess water energy.
per second and can be estimated in advance in a sufficiently The function of the control valves can be represented by the
precise manner. Partially, retention of water can be utilized, SHPPs, which are able to convert the water energy into
which can then be used to regulate the electrical system at electricity, usable in the area for the self consumption of
intermediate and peak power consumption. The problem of demanding technological units. SHPPs in water supply systems
further development of hydro power plants is the fact that most have also other benefits. The need is for maximum utilization
suitable and economically efficient sites have already been of the production capacity of the proposed SHPP without
occupied. That is why it is a challenge to find new limiting the production activity of the water technology.
technological solutions that would allow building for so far
unoccupied sites. In addition to the installation of hydro power An example of possible positioning of the control valves is
plants into watercourses, it is possible to use the hydro- shown in Fig. 1.
energetic potential of the supply water - raw and drinking water
from the water treatment plants or water reservoirs and other
water facilities capacity (in the use of reducing valves,
Industrial Water Treatment, etc.). Under the water cycle in
water companies we understand all the basic activities related
to the operation of public water supply and sewerage systems.
Water Facilities belong to the energy-intensive facilities.
The installation of the SHPP will change its operation to self-
sufficient energy and in many cases allow surplus energy to be
sold to the public power grid. When installing SHPP in
drinking water supply systems, there is no need for long-term
interruption of water supply for the population, nor can it be
contaminated. The economic return of such projects is
calculated in the order of two to five years. The SHPP installed
on a penstock of the water treatment plant helps to optimize the
entire process of treating raw water to drinking water since the Fig. 1. Examples of possible placement of control valves [2].
water that is discharged through PS – pumping station, WR – water reservoir, WT – water treatment, 1 –
control valve of flow, 2 – control valve to maintain the water level in the
This research was partially supported by the SGS grant from VSB -
Technical University of Ostrava (No. SP2019/20) and by the project water reservoir, 3 – control valve of pressure
TUCENET (No. LO1404).
River Address Flow [ ∙ Energy of Installed Recommended type of Power of Efficiency [%]
] water [ ∙ turbine turbine SHPP
] [ ]
Žibřidovický Pusté
1,25 106,4 Francis Francis 93,68 70
potok Žibřidovice 71
Oslava u Hor.Dlouhá
0,4 39,2 Kaplan Kaplan 11,84 76
Sovince Loučka 11
Německý
Odra 1,6 39,2 Kaplan Kaplan 51,80 82
Jeseník 116
Velička Hranice n.Mor. 0,29 51,5 Francis Kaplan 11,54 77
Morava Potůčník 0,04 39,2 Pelton Banki 1,18 75
Morava Kopřivná 50 0,05 98,1 Pelton Banki 3,59 73
Třebůvka Loštice 78 1,5 26,5 Francis Kaplan 31,08 78
místní přítok
Rudoltovice 82 0,12 39,2 Pelton Banki 3,55 75
Odry
Desná Rejhotice 48/52 1,35 60,8 Kaplan Kaplan 66,60 81
Hustopeče nad
Bečva 0,9 31,4 Francis Kaplan 20,72 73
Bečvou 117