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    Organic Chemistry - Rules

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    rabihchahal1
    The document outlines the classification and naming conventions of organic compounds. It lists 15 classes of organic compounds including their general formulas, functional groups, and naming rules. The classes are alkane, alkene, alkyne, alkyl, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, acyl chloride, acid anhydride, amine, amide, and amino acid.

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    Organic Chemistry - Rules

    Uploaded by

    rabihchahal1
    8 views4 pages
    The document outlines the classification and naming conventions of organic compounds. It lists 15 classes of organic compounds including their general formulas, functional groups, and naming rules. The classes are alkane, alkene, alkyne, alkyl, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, acyl chloride, acid anhydride, amine, amide, and amino acid.

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    Organic Chemistry - rules

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    The document outlines the classification and naming conventions of organic compounds. It lists 15 classes of organic compounds including their general formulas, functional groups, and naming rules. The classes are alkane, alkene, alkyne, alkyl, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, acyl chloride, acid anhydride, amine, amide, and amino acid.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    8 views4 pages

    Organic Chemistry - Rules

    Uploaded by

    rabihchahal1
    The document outlines the classification and naming conventions of organic compounds. It lists 15 classes of organic compounds including their general formulas, functional groups, and naming rules. The classes are alkane, alkene, alkyne, alkyl, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, acyl chloride, acid anhydride, amine, amide, and amino acid.

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    Organic Chemistry

    Classes – Functional groups – General formulas – Naming rules


    The name of an organic compound is
    made of 2 parts

    Number (#) of Carbon Specific ending of the class


    1 Meth …ane Alkane
    2 Eth …ene Alkene
    3 Prop …yne Alkyne
    4 But …yle Alkyl
    5 Pent …ol Alcohol
    6 Hex …oxide Ether
    7 Hept …al Aldehyde
    8 Oct …one Ketone
    9 Non …oic acid Carboxylic acid
    10 Dec …yle …oate Ester
    …amine Amine
    …amide Amide
    Branches: -CH3: methyl -C2H5: ethyl -C3H7: propyl
    -Cl: chloro -Br: bromo -F: fluoro -I: iodo
    Class General formula Functional group Naming rules
    1- Alkane CnH2n+2 All the bonds are # of carbon + ane
    Simple covalent bond
    2- Alkene CnH2n One double covalent X + # of carbon + ene
    bond
    3- Alkyne CnH2n-2 One triple covalent X + # of carbon + yne
    bond
    4- Alkyl CnH2n+1 - branched
    # of carbon + yle
    - All the bonds are
    Simple covalent bond

    5- Alcohol CnH2n+2O

    CnH2n+1OH Hydroxyl:  OH X-alkanol

    R  OH
    6- Ether CnH2n+2O
    Oxide:  O  Alkyl oxide
    R1  O  R2

    7- Aldehyde CnH2nO
    O
    O  Alkanal
     Carbonyl:  C  H
    RCH
    8- ketone CnH2nO
    O
    O  X-alkanone
     Carbonyl:  C 
    R1 C  R2

    9- Carboxylic CnH2nO2
    acid O
    O 
     Carboxyl:  C  OH Alkanoic acid
    R  C  OH

    R  COOH
    10- Ester CnH2nO2
    O O
      Alkyl Alkanoate
    R1  C  O  R2 Carboxylate:  C  O
    R1  COO  R2
    11- Acyl
    chloride
    O O
      Alkanoyl chloride
    R  C  Cl  C  Cl
    12- Acid
    anhydride
    O O O O
        Alkanoic anhydride
    R1  C  O  C  R2  CO C

    13- Amine CnH2n+3N


    Amine :  N  X-alkanamine

    14- Amide O
     Amide : O
    R  C  NH2  Alkanamide
     C  NH2

    15- Amino acid O Carboxyl :  COOH


    
    R  CH  C  OH And Related to the structure

    NH2 Amine :  NH2

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