BSN - 3D

NCM 112 CANCER QUESTIONS

PROSTATE CANCER
1. Which screening test is used to detect prostate cancer?
A) Mammography
B) CA 125
C) PSA
D) Sigmoidoscopy

2. The nurse is preparing a poster on prostate cancer for display at a health fair. Which
information should the nurse include on the poster? SATA
A) Prostate cancer occurs more often in African American men than in
Caucasian American men.
B) Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men.
C) Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in North America
D) Prostate cancer confined to the prostate has a 100% survival rate at 5
years.
E) Prostate cancer incidence is reduced in men who take large amounts of
Vitamin A.

3. The nurse is providing education to a client who has undergone a radical

prostatectomy. Teaching on which topic is mostly likely to help decrease
symptoms of urinary incontinence?
A) Estrogen cream application
B) Placement of a urostomy
C) The use of a condom catheter
D) Pelvic floor exercises

4. The nurse understands that which surgery involves removal of parts of the
prostate gland through the penis and urethra?
A) Perineal prostatectomy
B) Radical prostatectomy
C) Retropubic prostatectomy
D) Transurethral prostatectomy

5. The nurse is interviewing a client admitted with a diagnosis of prostate cancer

and questions the client regarding his symptoms. Which symptom, if
experienced by the client, supports the diagnosis? SATA
A) Dysuria
B) Polyuria
C) Nocturia
D) Frequent urination
E) Reduction in urinary stream
BLADDER CANCER

1. It is found in the cells that line inside our our bladder and its also the MOST common
type of bladder cancer
A) Urethelial carcinoma
B) Interstitial cells
C) Urothelium
D) Micropapillary

2. Nina, a 27-yr-old woman who had her bladder removed ten days ago and now has an
ileal conduit, noticed her stoma black in color. What does this mean?
A) It is a normal coloration of a stoma
B) That normally happens because the surgery happened ten days ago.
C) It may suggest that vascular supply is compromised.
D) NOTA

3. A 65-year-old male patient presents with painless hematuria (blood in the urine) for
several weeks. He denies any other urinary symptoms, such as dysuria (painful
urination), frequency, or urgency. On cystoscopy, a papillary tumor is visualized in the
bladder. Biopsy confirms the diagnosis of non-invasive bladder cancer (NIBC). Which of
the following statements is the most accurate regarding the management of this patient's
NIBC?
A) Immediate radical cystectomy is the only definitive treatment option.
B) Observation without any intervention is the preferred approach due to the non-
invasive nature of the tumor.
C) Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor is the primary treatment, followed by
adjuvant chemotherapy.
D) Intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the
recommended first-line therapy and treatment of choice after TURBT.

4. A 47-year-old woman shows up for a check-up after a recent cystoscopy revealed a

suspicious lesion on her bladder wall. "What does this entail? Am I going to have
bladder cancer?" she asks, visibly worried. Which of the following responses is most
appropriate and informative for the nurse to provide?
A) "I can't tell you for sure, but it's definitely a possibility. We need to wait for the
biopsy results."
B) "Don't worry, most bladder lesions are benign. We'll just keep an eye on it."
C) "I understand your concern. While we need to wait for further tests, let's
talk about what you know about bladder cancer and its symptoms."
D) "I'm not qualified to give you medical advice. You should talk to your doctor."
5. A patient with advanced bladder cancer asks you about their prognosis. What
information can you provide?
A) The prognosis depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient's age and
overall health, and the response to treatment. It is important to discuss this
with a medical professional for a personalized assessment.
B) Cancer is always fatal.
C) With treatment, most patients with bladder cancer will live a long and healthy life.
D) There is no cure for bladder cancer.

THYROID CARCINOMA
1. It is a type of thyroid cancer that arises from the C cells of the thyroid gland. It is
sometimes the result of a genetic syndrome called multiple endocrine neoplasia type
2 (MEN2).
A) Papillary thyroid carcinoma
B) Follicular thyroid carcinoma
C) Medullary thyroid carcinoma
D) Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

2. A 32-year-old male with a history of radiation exposure to the neck presents with a
palpable thyroid nodule. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy reveals papillary thyroid
carcinoma. What is the most likely course of treatment?
A) Lobectomy
B) Total thyroidectomy with radioactive iodine ablation
C) Radioactive iodine ablation alone
D) Observation with close monitoring

3. A patient with a history of thyroid cancer is concerned about long-term

complications of treatment. What information should be provided to this patient?
A) Risk of hypothyroidism requiring lifelong thyroid hormone replacement
B) Potential for voice changes and difficulty swallowing
C) Increased risk of developing other cancers
D) All of the above

4. A patient who underwent a thyroidectomy complains of hoarseness and difficulty

swallowing. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
A) Offer reassurance and explain these symptoms are temporary.
B) Encourage vocal rest and avoid speaking in a loud voice.
C) Elevate the head of the bed to promote drainage and reduce swelling.
D) Administer pain medication for discomfort.
5. A patient diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer is scheduled for a total
thyroidectomy. Which nursing intervention is PRIORITY in the immediate
postoperative period?
A) Monitor for signs of bleeding and infection.
B) Assess the patient's pain level and administer pain medication as needed.
C) Begin oral thyroxine replacement therapy.
D) Encourage coughing and deep breathing exercises.

COLORECTAL CANCER
1. The nurse is interviewing a male client about his past medical history. Which preexisting
condition may lead the nurse to suspect that a client has colorectal cancer?
A) Duodenal ulcers
B) Hemorrhoids
C) Weight gain
D) Polyps

2. Nurse Jin was tasked to collect a stool sample from patient Rie who was diagnosed with
Stage III B Colorectal Cancer with a TNM score of T3 N2a M0. Upon taking the stool
sample, Nurse Jin recalled his learnings about colorectal cancer. Which of the following
would Nurse Jin find on the stool sample of the patient?
A) A cloudy white watery stool
B) A large yellow foul smelling corn like stool.
C) A small hard lumps that appears like rabbit droppings
D) A black stool that appears "sausage" like

3. A 67 years old female cancer patient has shown symptoms of abdominal pain and blood
in her feces. The nurse has noted the presence of bright red blood in her stool. What does
the color of the patient's stool signify?
A) Presence of bleeding in the small intestine
B) Presence of bleeding in the stomach
C) Presence of the tumor in the lower part of the rectum
D) Presence of the tumor in the upper part of the colon

4. A nurse cares for a client newly diagnosed with colon cancer who has become withdrawn
from family members.
Which action should the nurse take?
A) Contact the provider and recommend a psychiatric consult for the client.
B) Encourage the client to verbalize feelings about the diagnosis.
C) Provide education about new treatment options with successful outcomes.
D) Ask family and friends to visit the client and provide emotional support.
5. A client undergoes a colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. During the procedure
three small polyps were removed. Which nursing procedures are necessary when caring for
the client immediately after the colonoscopy?
A) Monitor vital signs and inform her that there may be a small amount of blood in her
stool.
B) Observe for signs and symptoms of bowel perforation, monitor vital signs, and
inform her that there may be a small amount of blood in her stool and to report
excessive blood loss.
C) Observe for signs and symptoms of bowel perforation, monitor vital signs, and inform
her to follow a clear liquid diet.
D) Monitor vital signs and inform her that there may be a small amount of blood in her
stool, and tell her not to drive for two days.

BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA

1.Which of the following risk factors is most strongly associated with the development of
bronchogenic cancer?
A) Genetic predisposition
B) Occupational exposure to asbestos
C) Chronic alcohol consumption
D) Physical inactivity

2.What is a crucial role of the nurse in caring for clients undergoing thoracotomy?
A) Administering pain medication as needed
B) Facilitating early ambulation postoperatively
C) Monitoring blood pressure every 4 hours
D) Restricting fluid intake to prevent complications

3.What is the primary goal of a lobectomy in the surgical treatment of lung cancer? (SATA)
A) Complete removal of a lung lobe to eradicate the tumor.
B) Preservation of lung function by removing only a portion of the affected lobe.
C) Removal of adjacent lymph nodes to prevent metastasis.
D) Minimization of pain and recovery time through a less invasive procedure.

4.The client with oat cell carcinoma tells the nurse, "I am so tired of all this. I might as well
just end it all." Which should be the nurse's first response?
A) "This must be hard for you. Would you like to talk?"
B) Tell the HCP of the client's statement.
C) Refer client to social worker.
D) Find out if the client has a plan to end his life.
5.A patient who recently stopped smoking asks a healthcare provider about the risks of
developing lung cancer. The healthcare provider’s best response is:
A) “If lung cancer hasn’t developed yet, the ongoing risk is equivalent to a non-smoker.”
B) “In months, the risk of developing lung cancer is twice as high as a non-smoker.”
C) “In years, the risk of developing lung cancer will be equivalent to a non-
smoker.”
D) “An elevated risk of developing lung cancer compared to a non-smoker will remain
constant life-long.”

LIVER CANCER
Scenario: Jembert, 65-year-old male, with a history of heavy alcohol consumption presents
to the emergency room with abdominal pain and jaundice.

1. What is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?

A) Hepatitis B
B) Liver cancer
C) Pancreatitis
D) Peptic ulcer disease

2. What are additional pieces of information that would be helpful in making a diagnosis?
(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A) Family history of cancer
B) Blood test showing elevated liver enzymes
C) Ultrasound imaging of the abdomen
D) Colonoscopy

3. What are the potential complications of liver cancer? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A) Heart failure
B) Kidney failure
C) Internal bleeding
D) Infection

4. What is the best course of treatment for this patient, assuming the cancer is localized?
A) Chemotherapy
B) Radiation therapy
C) Surgery
D) Liver transplant

5. What lifestyle changes can this patient make to reduce his risk of developing liver cancer
in the future? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A) Quit drinking alcohol
B) Increase exercise
C) Maintain a healthy weight
D) Limit exposure to toxins
REPRODUCTIVE CANCERS

1). What is the primary cause of cervical cancer?

A) Bacterial infection
B) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
C) Hormonal imbalanced
D) Genetic mutation

2.) The community health nurse is instructing a group of young female clients bout breast
self-examination. The nurse should instruct the clients to perform the examination at which
time?
A) At the onset of menstruation
B) Every month during ovulation
C) Weekly at the same time of day
D) 1 week after menstruation begins

3.) The nurse is caring for a 35-year old patient receiving radiation and chemotherapy.
Which statement by the patient indicates that he is using a positive coping mechanism that is
useful during treatments?
A) I may miss my own hair, but I have chosen a nice wig to wear
B) Losing my hair won't bother me at all
C) I'm never going to leave the house if I am bald
D) I will not lose my hair and I'll make sure of that

4.) The nurse is caring for a client with end-stage ovarian cancer who needs clarification on
the purpose of palliative surgery. Which outcome should the nurse teach the client is the
goal of palliative surgery?
A) Cure of the cancer
B) Relief of symptoms or improved quality of life
C) Allowing other therapies to be more effective
D) Prolonging the client's survival time

5.) When caring for a patient with ovarian cancer, Nurse Althea knows that this clinical
manifestation happens when there is a gas build up in the digestive system.
A. Ascites
B. Indigestion
C. Flatulence
D. Constipation
LEUKEMIA AND LYMPHOMAS

1. What is Leukemia?
A. It is the uncontrolled proliferation of erythrocytes that is often immature.
B. It is the uncontrolled growth of new cells that is often mature.
C. It is the controlled proliferation of WBC's that is often immature.
D. It is the uncontrolled growth of leukocytes which are often immature.

2. A 40-year-old man with CML is treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Which of the
following statements is TRUE about his condition?
A. CML can be cured with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
B. CML will eventually progress to AML.
C. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors target the BCR-ABL fusion gene.
D. Bone marrow transplant is the only curative option for CML.

3. The main difference between Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is:

A. Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells
B. Cell type involvement
C. Treatment approach
D. All of the above

4. A patient presents with persistent fatigue, night sweats, and painless swelling of
lymph nodes. What would be your initial nursing assessment priority?
A. Obtain a complete medical history
B. Administer pain medication
C. Monitor vital signs and oxygen saturation
D. Educate the patient about possible diagnoses

5. A patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is receiving chemotherapy. Nurse

Maureen notices they are frequently bruising and bleeding. What should Nurse
Maureen do first?
A. Apply pressure to the bleeding sites
B. Administer the prescribed chemotherapy dose
C. Inform the physician about the bleeding
D. Encourage increased fluid intake
BREAST CANCER

1. Which of the following terms is used to describe removal of the breast tissue and an
axillary lymph node dissection leaving muscular structure intact as surgical treatment of
breast cancer?
A) Modified radical mastectomy
B) Segmental mastectomy
C) Total mastectomy
D) Radical mastectomy

2.The client who is scheduled to have a breast biopsy with sentinel node dissection states, "I
don't understand. What does a sentinel node biopsy do?" Which scientific rationale should
the nurse use to base the response?
A) A dye is injected into the and traced to determine spread of cells.
B) The surgeon removes the nodes that drain the diseased portion of the breast.
C) The nodes felt manually will removed and sent to
D) A visual inspection of the lymph nodes will be made while the client is sleeping.

3. During examination of a 67-year-old man, the nurse notes bilateral enlargement of the
breasts. The nurse's first action should be to
A) palpate the breasts for the presence of any discrete lumps.
B) explain that this is a temporary condition caused by hormonal changes.
C) refer the patient for mammography and biopsy of the breast tissue.
D) teach the patient about dietary changes to reduce the breast size.

4. What is the primary goal of breast conservation treatment?

A) Complete removal of the breast
B) Achieving clear margins and acceptable cosmetic results
C) Performing lymph node removal for all cases
D) Prophylactic removal of the contralateral breast

5. What does a sentinel lymph node biopsy involve?

A) Removal of most lymph nodes under the arm
B) Removal of a few lymph nodes through a small incision
C) Complete excision of the breast tissue
D) Prophylactic removal of the nipple–areola complex
BRAIN CANCER

1. Reica is working as a radtech for 20yrs, she notices that she is having headache
and seizure attacks. She then get reffered to a neurologist and ask for lab result.
Which type of diagnostic procedure is most helpful in detecting brain tumors?
A) PET
B) MRI
C) CBC
D) CT scan

2. Who among the patients mentioned below is at a higher risk of developing brain tumor?
A) Andrew, 49 years old, is working as a VECO lineman for years and he usually
works in the morning shift. Both of his parents were diagnosed with cancer. He
recently had headaches and dizziness every time his shift ends.
B) Inuyasha, a 51-year old Japanese, is currently working as an engineer in Fukushima
Nuclear power plant. There was a meltdown 12 years ago but despite the panic and
ruckus, the meltdown was actually managed properly.
C) Dany, 30-year old female, is currently working as a radiologist in Mendero. Not one of
her known family was diagnosed with cancer.
D) George, 57 years old, is currently diagnosed with epilepsy. His family is fully
supporting him and he is currently having the best care that he can have.

3. What is the most common cause of death of brain neoplasm, SATA

A) rupture of blood vessel
B) increase intracranial pressure
C) Respiratory complication
D) Aspiration

4. A patient just finished having an MRI scan. Right after that, the patient had a seizure
attack on his bed. As a nurse, what intervention will you prioritize?
A) Raise the side rails and remove any hazardous or sharp materials nearby
B) position the patient in a side-lying position
C) administer anti-convulsant drug
D) call the attending physician

5. A patient with a brain tumor experiences increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which
nursing intervention is a priority to help manage elevated ICP?
A) Administering intravenous antibioticsb.
B) Encouraging a high-sodium dietc.
C) Elevating the head of the bed 30 degreesd.
D) Administering sedatives to induce sleep