Installation Instructions

CSHW Compressors
Installation and Service

SAFETY WARNING
Only qualified personnel should install and service the equipment. The installation, starting up, and servicing of
heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning equipment can be hazardous and requires specific knowledge and training.
Improperly installed, adjusted or altered equipment by an unqualified person could result in death or serious injury.
When working on the equipment, observe all precautions in the literature and on the tags, stickers, and labels that are
attached to the equipment.

June 2020 COM-SVN003B-EN

Introduction
Read this manual thoroughly before operating or servicing
this unit. WARNING
Warnings, Cautions, and Notices Proper Field Wiring and Grounding
Required!
Safety advisories appear throughout this manual as Failure to follow code could result in death or serious
required. Your personal safety and the proper operation of injury. All field wiring MUST be performed by qualified
this machine depend upon the strict observance of these personnel. Improperly installed and grounded field
precautions. wiring poses FIRE and ELECTROCUTION hazards. To
avoid these hazards, you MUST follow requirements for
field wiring installation and grounding as described in
The three types of advisories are defined as follows: NEC and your local/state electrical codes.

Indicates a potentially hazardous

WARNING situation which, if not avoided, could WARNING
result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
CAUTIONs situation which, if not avoided, could Required!
result in minor or moderate injury. It
Failure to wear proper PPE for the job being undertaken
could also be used to alert against
could result in death or serious injury. Technicians, in
unsafe practices.
order to protect themselves from potential electrical,
NOTICE Indicates a situation that could result in mechanical, and chemical hazards, MUST follow
equipment or property-damage only precautions in this manual and on the tags, stickers,
accidents. and labels, as well as the instructions below:
• Before installing/servicing this unit, technicians
Important Environmental Concerns MUST put on all PPE required for the work being
Scientific research has shown that certain man-made undertaken (Examples; cut resistant gloves/sleeves,
chemicals can affect the earth’s naturally occurring butyl gloves, safety glasses, hard hat/bump cap, fall
stratospheric ozone layer when released to the protection, electrical PPE and arc flash clothing).
atmosphere. In particular, several of the identified ALWAYS refer to appropriate Safety Data Sheets
chemicals that may affect the ozone layer are refrigerants (SDS) and OSHA guidelines for proper PPE.
that contain Chlorine, Fluorine and Carbon (CFCs) and • When working with or around hazardous chemicals,
those containing Hydrogen, Chlorine, Fluorine and ALWAYS refer to the appropriate SDS and OSHA/GHS
Carbon (HCFCs). Not all refrigerants containing these (Global Harmonized System of Classification and
compounds have the same potential impact to the Labeling of Chemicals) guidelines for information on
environment. Trane advocates the responsible handling of allowable personal exposure levels, proper
all refrigerants-including industry replacements for CFCs respiratory protection and handling instructions.
and HCFCs such as saturated or unsaturated HFCs and
• If there is a risk of energized electrical contact, arc, or
HCFCs.
flash, technicians MUST put on all PPE in accordance
Important Responsible Refrigerant with OSHA, NFPA 70E, or other country-specific
requirements for arc flash protection, PRIOR to
Practices servicing the unit. NEVER PERFORM ANY
Trane believes that responsible refrigerant practices are SWITCHING, DISCONNECTING, OR VOLTAGE
important to the environment, our customers, and the air TESTING WITHOUT PROPER ELECTRICAL PPE AND
conditioning industry. All technicians who handle ARC FLASH CLOTHING. ENSURE ELECTRICAL
refrigerants must be certified according to local rules. For METERS AND EQUIPMENT ARE PROPERLY RATED
the USA, the Federal Clean Air Act (Section 608) sets forth FOR INTENDED VOLTAGE.
the requirements for handling, reclaiming, recovering and
recycling of certain refrigerants and the equipment that is
used in these service procedures. In addition, some states
or municipalities may have additional requirements that
must also be adhered to for responsible management of
refrigerants. Know the applicable laws and follow them.

© 2020 Trane COM-SVN003B-EN

 Introduction

WARNING WARNING
R-410A Refrigerant under Higher Pressure Hazardous Service Procedures!
than R-22 The maintenance and troubleshooting procedures
Failure to use proper equipment or components as recommended in this section of the manual could result
described below, could result in equipment failing and in exposure to electrical, mechanical or other potential
possibly exploding, which could result in death, serious safety hazards. Always refer to the safety warnings
injury, or equipment damage. The units described in provided throughout this manual concerning these
this manual use R-410A refrigerant which operates at procedures. When possible, disconnect all electrical
higher pressures than R-22. Use ONLY R-410A rated power including remote disconnect and discharge all
service equipment or components with these units. For energy storing devices such as capacitors before
specific handling concerns with R-410A, please contact servicing. Follow proper lockout/tag out procedures to
your local Trane representative. ensure the power can not be inadvertently energized.
When necessary to work with live electrical
components, have a qualified licensed electrician or
other individual who has been trained in handling live
WARNING electrical components perform these tasks. Failure to
Hazard of Explosion and Deadly Gases! follow all of the safety warnings provided could result in
death or serious injury.
Never solder, braze or weld on refrigerant lines or any
unit components that are above atmospheric pressure
or where refrigerant may be present. Always remove
refrigerant by following the guidelines established by WARNING
the EPA Federal Clean Air Act or other state or local Hazardous Conditions!
codes as appropriate. After refrigerant removal, use dry
nitrogen to bring system back to atmospheric pressure Observe and follow the “Warning” and “Notices” labels
before opening system for repairs. mixtures of on the compressor. Failure to follow these instructions
refrigerants and air under pressure may become could result in death or serious injury or damage to the
combustible in the presence of an ignition source equipment.
leading to an explosion. Excessive heat from soldering,
brazing or welding with refrigerant vapors present can
form highly toxic gases and extremely corrosive acids. NOTICE
Failure to follow all proper safe refrigerant handling
practices could result in death or serious injury. Use Proper Charging and Crankcase
Heater Operation Procedures!
Failure to utilize proper charging and crankcase heater
WARNING procedure will result in compressor failure. Refer to unit
IOM or “Charging the System,” p. 16 and “Verification
Hazard of Explosion! Before Start-Up,” p. 16 in this manual for the proper
Use only dry nitrogen with a pressure regulator for procedures.
pressurizing unit. Do not use acetylene, oxygen or
compressed air or mixtures containing them for
pressure testing. Do not use mixtures of a hydrogen WARNING
containing refrigerant and air above atmospheric
pressure for pressure testing as they may become Follow EHS Policies!
flammable and could result in an explosion. Refrigerant, Failure to follow instructions below could result in
when used as a trace gas should only be mixed with dry death or serious injury.
nitrogen for pressurizing units. Failure to follow these
instructions could result in death or serious injury or • All Trane personnel must follow the company’s
equipment or property-only damage. Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) policies
when performing work such as hot work, electrical,
fall protection, lockout/tagout, refrigerant handling,
etc. Where local regulations are more stringent than
these policies, those regulations supersede these
policies.
• Non-Trane personnel should always follow local
regulations.

COM-SVN003B-EN 3
Introduction

Copyright
This document and the information in it are the property of
Trane, and may not be used or reproduced in whole or in
part without written permission. Trane reserves the right
to revise this publication at any time, and to make changes
to its content without obligation to notify any person of
such revision or change.

Trademarks
All trademarks referenced in this document are the
trademarks of their respective owners.

Revision History
• Added 047 to Non-Loading CSHW values in Model
Number Description chapter.
• Running edits.

4 COM-SVN003B-EN
Table of Contents
Model Number Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
POE Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Oil Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Oil Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Operating Envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Operating Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Refrigerant Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Transportation, Handling, and Storage . . . 8
Pre-Installation Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Repair Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Mechanical Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Electrical Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Two Types of Motor Failures . . . . . . . . . 10
Removal and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Compressor Replacement—Tandem
and Trio Compressor Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Electrical Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Leak Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Vacuum Testing and Evacuation . . . . . . . . 15
Charging the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Verification Before Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

COM-SVN003B-EN 5
Model Number Descriptions
Digits 1, 2, 3, 4 — Model Type
CSHW = 3.9 – 7.4 tons

Digits 5, 6, 7 — Nominal
Capacity in MBh
CSHW CSHW
(Non-Unloading) (Unloading)
047 052
050 060
052 065
056 082
058 089
060
073
082
089

Digit 8 — Voltage
J = 200–230/60/3
K = 460/60/3, 380–415/50/3
D = 575/60/3
X = 380/60/3
Digit 9 — Unloading
0 = No Unloading
2 = Unloading (1 step Unloading
with solenoid not energized)
Digit 10 — Design Sequence
Factory Assigned
Digit 11 — Motor Protection
Type
0 = Internal Line Break
Digit 12 — Compressor
Connections Variation
0 = Standard Compressor
A = Standard Compressor, with Oil
Equalizer and Sight Glass
B = Combination Baseplate, with Oil
Equalizer and Sight Glass

Digit 13 - 17— Reserved for

Future Use

6 COM-SVN003B-EN
General Information
Overview Operating Envelope
The purpose of this document is to provide installation and The compressor must be operated within the published
service information for Trane CSHW compressors. operating envelope.
This document is not meant to be provide a step-by-step
Operating Map
procedure, but is intended to identify procedures or
precautions that may be unique to a Trane compressor and Below figure represents the operating map for the CSHW
should be taken into account to properly and safely R-410A model compressors. For proper operation and
remove, install, and troubleshoot the compressor. reliability, the compressor must always be operated
Each installation has its unique set of circumstances which within the indicated limits shown in the operating map.
also must be taken into account by the service technician. This includes both full unit operating map conditions of
the unit, and unit fault modes such as:
• Loss of evaporator air flow
POE Oil
• Loss of evaporator water flow
Table 1. Oil charge factory • Loss of condenser air flow
• Loss of condenser water flow
Model Pints Liters
CSHW047 - CSHW073 3.2 1.5 • Loss of refrigerant charge
CSHW082 - CSHW089 3.8 1.8 Protection devices are required to keep the compressor
Notes: within the operating envelop during operation and fault
1. Oil amount and type is also printed on the nameplate. modes.
2. Use only Trane-approved oils and do not mix oils.

Oil Handling
POE oil is very hygroscopic, which means it absorbs
moisture very readily. Therefore, it is important to properly
handle the oil.

POE Oil Handling Guidelines

• Always use the smallest container size required for the
job requirements.
• Always leave the oil container tightly sealed until time
of use.
• Do not reuse oil that has been opened.

Oil Level
Single compressor: The oil level should be stable in the
sightglass.
Tandem and trio compressors:
• Operation — The oil level will vary depending on the
operating condition. Some conditions will result in oil
levels below the sight glass.
• Off — After several minutes, the oil levels should be the
same in each compressor and should be visible in the
sightglass. This is the best method to determine if the
system has sufficient oil.
Units overcharged with oil will operate with degraded
performance and could lead to compressor damage.

COM-SVN003B-EN 7
General Information

Figure 1. R-410A operating map for CSHW at 20°F suction superheat

CSHW Operating Envelope --- R-410A

160

140
Saturated Discharge Temperature (°F)

120

100
Full Load Operating Map

Unloaded Map; Reduced Operating Map

80

60
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Saturated Suction Temperature (°F)

Additional basic limitations on operating • If required, heaters must be energized for a minimum
conditions: of eight hours prior to starting the compressor to
insure that liquid refrigerant is not in the compressor at
• Discharge temperature must not exceed 300°F start up.
(Measure within 6 inches from discharge port).
• Under normal operation compressor shall operate for
• Low superheat is not recommended due to risk of oil 3 minutes minimum.
dilution of the compressor. Recommended minimums
are as follows: • Max Amps should not exceed listing on compressor
nameplate.
– Electronic expansion valve 10°F.
– Thermal expansion valve 18-20°F. Refrigerant Type
• Minimum oil sump superheat 20°F. CSHW compressors are approved for use with R-410A
refrigerant only. Any use of hydrocarbon refrigerants or air
• Maximum suction gas superheat 54°F.
is strictly prohibited!
• Minimum of 30 psid differential between suction and
discharge must be maintained.
Transportation, Handling, and
• Voltage must be within the compression utilization
voltage range. Storage
• Minimum and maximum saturated evaporating and The compressor must be handled in the vertical position
condensing temperatures are as shown in the (maximum 15° offset from vertical). Should the
operating map. compressor be handled in an upside down position, its
• Excess liquid refrigerant in the compressor at start up suitability for its use can not be guaranteed.
can cause Oldham coupling failure, involute breakage
and damaged bearings.
• When the refrigerant system charge exceeds 3 pounds
per ton, crankcase heaters are required.

8 COM-SVN003B-EN
 General Information

NOTICE WARNING
Compressor Damage! R-410A Refrigerant under Higher Pressure
Improper handling of the compressor could result on than R-22
compressor damage. A compressor that has been Failure to use proper equipment or components as
tipped, dropped or transported in a non-upright position described below, could result in equipment failing and
could contain internal damage and it is recommended possibly exploding, which could result in death, serious
that the compressor not be put into service. injury, or equipment damage. The units described in this
manual use R-410A refrigerant which operates at higher
Damage to compressor or packaging should be reported
pressures than R-22. Use ONLY R-410A rated service
to the shipper immediately.
equipment or components with these units. For specific
Use a proper method of lifting the compressor, both lifting handling concerns with R-410A, please contact your local
ears must be used with a spreader bar. Trane representative.

WARNING Figure 2. Model CSHW

Heavy Objects!
Failure to follow instructions below or properly lift unit
could result in unit dropping and possibly crushing
operator/technician which could result in death or
serious injury, and equipment or property-only damage.
Ensure that all the lifting equipment used is properly
rated for the weight of the unit being lifted. Each of the
cables (chains or slings), hooks, and shackles used to
lift the unit must be capable of supporting the entire
weight of the unit. Lifting cables (chains or slings) may
not be of the same length. Adjust as necessary for even
unit lift.

For approximate compressor weight, see the below table.

Table 2. Compressor weight without oil charge

Model Weight (lb) Weight (kg)

CSHW 047, 050, 052, 056 83.8 38
CSHW 052-2 86 39
Repair Recommendations
CSHW 058, 060, 073 86 39
CSHW 060-2 88.2 40
WARNING
CSHW 065-2 90.4 41
CSHW 082, 089 99.2 45
Hazard of Explosion and Deadly Gases!
Never solder, braze or weld on refrigerant lines or any
CSHW 082-2, 089-2 101.4 46
unit components that are above atmospheric pressure
or where refrigerant may be present. Always remove
The compressor and its packaging must not be exposed to
refrigerant by following the guidelines established by
rain and/or corrosive, flammable atmosphere. the EPA Federal Clean Air Act or other state or local
The compressor must not be stored in an environment less codes as appropriate. After refrigerant removal, use dry
than -31°F (-35°C) or to exceed +160°F (+71°C). nitrogen to bring system back to atmospheric pressure
before opening system for repairs. Mixtures of
Pre-Installation Inspections refrigerants and air under pressure may become
combustible in the presence of an ignition source
Check the following before using the compressor: leading to an explosion. Excessive heat from soldering,
• Compressor for visible shipping damage. brazing or welding with refrigerant vapors present can
form highly toxic gases and extremely corrosive acids.
• Compressor is the correct model/part number. Failure to follow all proper safe refrigerant handling
• Compressor is the correct voltage. practices could result in death or serious injury.

COM-SVN003B-EN 9
General Information

Test the acid condition of the oil in the compressors using

WARNING an acid test kit. Use Trane Part Numbers CHM00414 and
Hazard of Explosion! 45006.
Failure to follow instructions below could result in
death or serious injury or equipment or property-only
Two Types of Motor Failures
damage. Use only dry nitrogen with a pressure Light - If oil test kit is negative and oil is only slightly
regulator for pressurizing unit. Do not use acetylene, discolored, treat in the same manner as a mechanical
oxygen or compressed air or mixtures containing them failure.
for pressure testing. Do not use mixtures of a hydrogen
containing refrigerant and air above atmospheric Severe - If oil test kit is positive with strong pungent odor
pressure for pressure testing as they may become and dark oil, drain and replace oil in all of the non-failed
flammable and could result in an explosion. Refrigerant, compressors.
when used as a trace gas should only be mixed with dry
nitrogen for pressurizing units. Reuse the compressor mounting isolators or mounting
spacers that are used with the existing compressor
assembly.
Mechanical Failure
This type of failure requires changing both the suction and
Replace only the failed compressor in a tandem or trio set. liquid line filter-driers. Use replaceable filter-drier cores to
Important: On tandem or trio assemblies, the suction facilitate changing filter-driers, if required.
and discharge lines must NOT be modified, Install the suction filters no closer than the distance listed
except for the use of slip joint couplings. in the following table. The distance is measured from the
Other modification may cause oil return centerline of the suction inlet tee.
issues and lead to compressor failure. Cut
the lines in a convenient place, remove the 1. Use acid removal type filter-drier cores in both the
compressor, and then unbraze the lines suction filter and liquid line filter drier.
from the compressor. On re-installation, 2. Change when the pressure drop exceeds 4 psig.
reinstall lines to compressor and
reassemble the cut lines utilizing a slip Test oil after 24 hours of operation. Change filter-drier
coupling. again if required. If oil is still acid, drain and replace oil in
all the non-failed compressors.
Minimize system and compressor open times to avoid
After system is clean, test kit indicates okay, remove the
excessive moisture absorption by the POE oil. Maximum
suction clean up filter-drier and replace the liquid line drier
suggested open time is 15 minutes.
with standard filter drier cores.
Drain and replace oil in all the non-failed compressors.
The CSHW compressor has an oil drain with a Schrader®
valve that can be used to remove the oil (see Figure 2, p. 9).
Replace unit liquid line filter-drier. This is a very important
part of controlling moisture in R-410A POE oil systems.
Reuse the compressors mounting isolators or mounting
spacers that are used with the existing compressor
assembly.
Braze the compressor into the system. Compressor
connections are copper-plated steel. Use BAg-28, 40%
silver, with paste flux to make the copper tube connections
to the compressor.
Proceed with the following as described in the following
sections:
• “Leak Detection,” p. 15
• “Vacuum Testing and Evacuation,” p. 15
• “Charging the System,” p. 16
• “Verification Before Start-Up,” p. 16

Electrical Failure
Follow the mechanical failure guidelines. In addition to the
Mechanical Failure Guidelines, check for acid in the
system.

10 COM-SVN003B-EN
Removal and Installation

WARNING WARNING
Refrigerant under High Pressure! Hazardous Voltage w/Capacitors!
Failure to follow instructions below could result in an Failure to disconnect power and discharge capacitors
explosion which could result in death or serious injury before servicing could result in death or serious injury.
or equipment damage. System contains oil and Disconnect all electric power, including remote
refrigerant under high pressure. Recover refrigerant to disconnects and discharge all motor start/run
relieve pressure before opening the system. See unit capacitors before servicing. Follow proper lockout/
nameplate for refrigerant type. Do not use non- tagout procedures to ensure the power cannot be
approved refrigerants, refrigerant substitutes, or inadvertently energized. Verify with an appropriate
refrigerant additives. voltmeter that all capacitors have discharged.
For additional information regarding the safe discharge
of capacitors, see PROD-SVB06*-EN.
WARNING
• Prior to removing the compressor, open the unit
Hazard of Explosion and Deadly Gases!
disconnect and place a lock on the disconnect to
Failure to follow all proper refrigerant handling prevent someone else from accidentally applying
practices could result in death or serious injury.
power to the unit while it is under repair.
Never solder, braze or weld on refrigerant lines or any
unit components that are above atmospheric pressure • Completely recover the refrigerant from the refrigerant
or where refrigerant may be present. Always remove circuit being repaired. Do not release refrigerant to the
refrigerant by following the guidelines established by atmosphere! Use Responsible Refrigerant Practices. If
the EPA Federal Clean Air Act or other state or local adding or removing refrigerant, the service technician
codes as appropriate. After refrigerant removal, use dry must comply with all Federal, State, and local laws.
nitrogen to bring system back to atmospheric pressure
before opening system for repairs. Mixtures of • Before removing the electrical connections on the
refrigerants and air under pressure may become compressor, use a voltmeter to check for the absence
combustible in the presence of an ignition source of power on the compressor power terminals.
leading to an explosion. Excessive heat from soldering,
brazing or welding with refrigerant vapors present can • After confirming the absence of power, remove the
form highly toxic gases and extremely corrosive acids. electrical connections.
• Remove and measure oil from failed compressor prior
Only qualified personnel should install or repair to compressor removal:
refrigeration systems. If you are not qualified, seek the
– CSHW compressors have an oil drain valve (see
services of qualified personnel. The steps listed below are
Figure 2, p. 9) that allows oil to be drained out of the
not meant to be an exact step-by-step procedure, but are
compressor. After the refrigerant has been
intended to identify procedures or precautions that may
recovered, pressurize the system with nitrogen to
be unique to a Trane compressor and should be taken into
help remove oil from the compressor.
account to properly and safely remove and install the
compressor. Each installation has its unique set of – Record the amount of oil removed from the failed
circumstances which must be considered by the service compressor. The replacement compressor oil
technician to perform a safe and successful compressor charge should be adjusted to ensure that the
replacement. equivalent amount of oil remains in the unit.
Tip: Before removing the existing tubing from the
Removal compressor, apply flux to the joint. This will aid in
the flow of the braze material and help keep the
joint clean for rebrazing. After fluxing, heat the joint
WARNING evenly to slightly higher temperature than the
melting temperature of the filler material. At this
Pressurized Burning Fluid! point, the two parts of the assembly should be
Failure to follow these instructions could result in death easily separated.
or serious injury. Before opening a system, you must
• Refrigerant Connection Removal
remove refrigerant from both the high and low sides of
the system. If the pressure is not removed from both Single compressor—Cut the refrigerant lines in a
sides of the system, pressure could still exist in the convenient location that allows reassembly with slip
system. If a torch is used to unbraze the tubing the couplings. Then, unbraze the line from the compressor
refrigerant and oil mixture could ignite. and reuse it when the replacement is installed.

COM-SVN003B-EN 11
Removal and Installation

Compressor Replacement—Tandem
and Trio Compressor Sets WARNING
Definitions: Hazard of Explosion and Deadly Gases!
• Tandem—Two compressors on a single refrigerant Failure to follow all proper refrigerant handling
circuit. practices could result in death or serious injury.
Never solder, braze or weld on refrigerant lines or any
• Trio—Three compressors on a single refrigerant unit components that are above atmospheric pressure
circuit. or where refrigerant may be present. Always remove
refrigerant by following the guidelines established by
There are special considerations that are unique to
the EPA Federal Clean Air Act or other state or local
replacing compressors in a tandem or trio set: codes as appropriate. After refrigerant removal, use dry
1. Only replace the failed compressor. nitrogen to bring system back to atmospheric pressure
before opening system for repairs. Mixtures of
2. On tandem or trio assemblies, the suction and refrigerants and air under pressure may become
discharge lines must not be modified, except for the combustible in the presence of an ignition source
use of slip-joint couplings. Other modifications may leading to an explosion. Excessive heat from soldering,
cause oil return issues and lead to compressor failure. brazing or welding with refrigerant vapors present can
Cut the lines in a convenient place, remove the form highly toxic gases and extremely corrosive acids.
compressor, and then unbraze the lines from the
compressor. On re-installation, reinstall lines to • Only qualified personnel should install or repair
compressor and reassemble the cut lines using a slip refrigeration systems. If you are not qualified, seek the
coupling. services of qualified personnel.
3. Change oil in all compressors in the tandem or trio • Pressure tests must be performed by qualified
compressors whenever there is a failure. personnel.
• Use the oil charging valve on the compressor. • The replacement compressor contains a nitrogen
charge of 5 psig.
• Ensure that the same amount of oil that was
removed from the compressors is replaced with • Remove the suction plug before the discharge plug to
new oil. avoid oil spray while opening the compressor.
• Keep exposure to the atmosphere at a minimum due to
Installation POE oil. Remove the rubber plugs only when ready to
install the compressor. Plug other compressor on
tandem or trio compressors.
WARNING CSHW compressors are shipped with oil; the level should
Hazardous Voltage w/Capacitors! be equal with the bottom of the equalizer port.
Recommendations for installation are as follows:
Failure to disconnect power and discharge capacitors
before servicing could result in death or serious injury. Single compressor circuit:
Disconnect all electric power, including remote • All replacement CSHW compressors have an
disconnects and discharge all motor start/run equalizer port (closed with a rubber plug for storage
capacitors before servicing. Follow proper lockout/
and shipping). For single applications, this
tagout procedures to ensure the power cannot be
inadvertently energized. Verify with an appropriate equalizer port will need to be brazed shut with a
voltmeter that all capacitors have discharged. 1.125" tube and cap.

For additional information regarding the safe discharge • If the replacement compressor requires a full oil
of capacitors, see PROD-SVB06*-EN. charge, then the compressor can be tipped away
from equalizer port while the port is brazed shut.
The as-shipped oil charge can remain in the
compressor.
• If the oil charge in the replacement compressor
needs to be reduced, oil can be poured out of the
equalizer prior to brazing shut.
• Ensure that the same amount of oil that was
removed with the failed compressor is replaced
with new oil.
Tandem or Trio compressor circuit:
• Remove and measure oil from failed compressor
and from existing manifolded compressor(s).

12 COM-SVN003B-EN
 Removal and Installation

• Remove equalizer rubber plug and drain oil from ii. Use 40% silver brazing alloy with flux.
replacement compressor. iii. Start heating the tube first. Evenly heat the tube,
• Install replacement compressor in unit using slip location 1 (see the figure below), until it reaches
couplings on suction and/or discharge tubing, as a dull red color. When using flux, this color is
necessary. also a good indicator of when the proper brazing
• Equalizer tubes that remain full diameter (1.125") temperature has been reached. Continue
between compressors can also be reassembled heating the tube until the flux passes the
with slip couplings. “bubbling” temperature range and becomes
quiet, completely fluid, and transparent—it
• Equalizer tubes which reduce to 0.25" tubes should should have the appearance of clear water.
not be modified. If the 1.125" adapter tube is
damaged during removal from the failed iv. Direct the flame from the tube to the fitting,
compressor, replace with new tube and cap. evenly heating it until the flux that may be
remaining in the fitting is also completely fluid.
• Recharge oil to compressors as necessary to
equally replace the oil amount that was removed. v. Sweep the torch between the fitting and the
tube, locations 1 and 2 (see the figure below),
a. Removal Instructions with most of the heat being applied to the
Tip: Before removing the existing tubing from the heavier and slower-heating fitting until the tube
compressor, apply flux to the joint. This will aid in and fitting reach and maintain a uniform heat in
the flow of the braze material and help keep the both parts.
joint clean for rebrazing. After fluxing, heat the joint
Figure 3. Brazing locations 1 and 2
evenly to slightly higher temperature than the
melting temperature of the filler material. At this
point, the two parts of the assembly should be 2
easily separated.
b. Installation
c. Preparation:
i. For proper capillary action to occur, the tube and
the fitting must be free of oil, grease, burrs, and
oxide contamination. To remove the oil and vi. Pull the flame slightly back and feed the brazing
grease a commercial solvent or denatured material in between the fitting and the tube. If the
alcohol can be used. The surface may be joint has been properly heated, the braze
properly cleaned by brushing with a stainless material should flow around and into the joint.
shell brush or by a stiff rubbing with emery cloth.
Important: The heated base metal should melt the
Wipe the joint clean to remove small foreign
filler; the heat from the torch flame should
particles such as emery dust, by wiping the
not be what melts the filler.
surface with a clean cloth. Once the surfaces are
clean, be careful not to touch them as oil from vii.Once the braze material has flowed around and
the skin will contaminate the surfaces. into the joint, briefly move the torch around the
fitting to ensure complete capillary action into
ii. Pre-fit the existing tubing into the compressor to
the joint.
check that it has full insertion into the
compressor fitting. viii.Check the joint to visually ensure that the braze
material is completely around the joint.
iii. Apply flux with a brush to the outside of the
compressor connecting tubing, taking care to e. Post-Braze
evenly apply the flux around the entire diameter.
Care must also be taken not to get the flux inside NOTICE
of the tubing as this may result in contamination
of the refrigerant system.
Equipment Damage!
Flux is corrosive and could lead to long-term problems
iv. Reinsert the tube into the compressor and equipment damage if not properly removed. If not
connection. If the tubing does not stay fully cleaned off, flux could hide leaks. Quench the joint with
inserted, it must be restrained to prevent it from water or a wet rag while the joint is still hot—but below
backing out of the compressor connection 900°F—to shock off the flux.
during the brazing process.
• When brazing refrigerant connections, protect
d. Brazing Technique
compressor body and terminal box from torch heat
i. If possible, use a double-side torch while damage.
brazing.

COM-SVN003B-EN 13
Removal and Installation

• When brazing, always use a nitrogen purge to prevent

the formation of copper oxide contamination that can Figure 4. Color coded compressor power plug
damage the compressor.

Electrical Connections

WARNING
Hazardous Service Procedures!
Failure to follow all instructions in this manual and on
the tags, stickers, and labels could result in death or
serious injury.
Technicians, in order to protect themselves from
potential electrical, mechanical, and chemical hazards,
MUST follow precautions in this manual and on the
tags, stickers, and labels, as well as the following
instructions: Unless specified otherwise, disconnect all
electrical power including remote disconnect and
discharge all energy storing devices such as capacitors
before servicing. Follow proper lockout/tagout
procedures to ensure the power can not be
inadvertently energized. When necessary to work with
live electrical components, have a qualified licensed
electrician or other individual who has been trained in Hermetic Feed
handling live electrical components perform these through
tasks.

CSHW 047-089
The phases on the terminal block are color coded:
• Red - PhaseL1
• Blue - PhaseL2
• None - PhaseL3
The CSHW compressor is designed for use with terminal
plugs.
Before starting the compressor, check the electrical
phasing with a phase sequence meter similar to an
Ideal-Sperry Model 61-520.

NOTICE
Compressor Damage!
Operating the compressor with improper phasing could
cause compressor failure. Check phasing before starting
compressor.

14 COM-SVN003B-EN
 Removal and Installation

Leak Detection
NOTICE
Overpressure Damage!
WARNING Failure to follow these instructions could result in
Hazard of Explosion! compressor damage. Do not pressurize the low side of
the compressor by more than 5 bar (72 psig) higher
Failure to follow instructions below could result in than the high side of the compressor within less than
death or serious injury or equipment or property-only two minutes.
damage. Use only dry nitrogen with a pressure
regulator for pressurizing unit. Do not use acetylene, • Pressure decay testing can be used to check for gross
oxygen or compressed air or mixtures containing them
leaks but will not be able to detect the location of a leak.
for pressure testing. Do not use mixtures of a hydrogen
containing refrigerant and air above atmospheric • After pressurizing the system use an R-410A leak
pressure for pressure testing as they may become detection device to detect and locate leaks.
flammable and could result in an explosion. Refrigerant,
when used as a trace gas should only be mixed with dry
nitrogen for pressurizing units. Vacuum Testing and Evacuation
• Use the procedure as described in the unit Installation,
Operation, and Maintenance manual.
WARNING
• If no other information is available, use the following
Hazardous Pressures! information.
When using dry nitrogen cylinders for pressurizing units
for leak testing, always provide a pressure regulator on NOTICE
the cylinder to prevent excessively high unit pressures.
Never pressurize unit above the maximum Compressor Motor Damage!
recommended unit test pressure as specified in Failure to follow these instructions could cause
applicable unit literature. Failure to properly regulate compressor motor damage. Never use the compressor
pressure could result in a violent explosion, which could as a vacuum pump. Never meg-ohm test or apply
result in death or serious injury or equipment or power to the compressor while it is in a vacuum.
property-only-damage. See maximum recommended
unit test pressure below.
WARNING
Pressure Testing
• Use industry-standard and EPA-accepted techniques
Hazardous Voltage w/Capacitors!
for testing. Failure to disconnect power and discharge capacitors
before servicing could result in death or serious injury.
• Pressure tests must be performed by qualified Disconnect all electric power, including remote
personnel. disconnects and discharge all motor start/run
• Use tools especially designed for leak testing. capacitors before servicing. Follow proper lockout/
tagout procedures to ensure the power cannot be
• Do not exceed the high-side and low-side pressures inadvertently energized. Verify with an appropriate
listed on the unit nameplate. voltmeter that all capacitors have discharged.
• If no test pressure value is listed on the nameplate of For additional information regarding the safe discharge
the unit, a pressure of no more than 150 psig is of capacitors, see PROD-SVB06*-EN.
acceptable.
• Ensure that there is no voltage being applied to the
• The CSHW compressor has an internal check valve.
compressor terminals.
When pressurizing the system, it is important to never
allow the low side pressure to exceed the high side • Evacuate the unit to 500 microns.
pressure by more than 5 bar (72 psig). Greater • Hold vacuum for 30 minutes.
pressure differential could result in compressor
damage. Also slowly raise the pressure over a • Rapid pressure rise indicates a leak; locate and repair
2-minute time period to allow sufficient time for the leak.
internal pressures in the compressor to equalize. • Slow pressure rise indicates one of two possibilities:
– A small leak, indicated by a continuous rise in
pressure.
– Moisture in the system, indicated by a slow rise in
pressure and leveling-out at a pressure equivalent
to the moisture level. If this occurs, break the

COM-SVN003B-EN 15
Removal and Installation

vacuum with dry nitrogen and repeat evacuation

process to 500 micron.
Verification Before Start-Up
• Once system is leak-tight, connect compressor repeat Follow the instructions in the unit Installation, Operation,
the vacuum procedure, break vacuum with dry and Maintenance manual. If there are no instructions
nitrogen and evacuate to 500 microns. The vacuum available, use these guidelines:
should be able to be maintained for four hours. Isolate • Before starting the unit, verify that all service valves are
the vacuum pump so that the vacuum gauge only open.
reads the system pressure.
• Energize the crankcase heater a minimum of 8 hours
• Vacuum must be measured in the refrigeration system before starting the compressor.
and not at the vacuum pump.
NOTICE:
Charging the System Compressors Failure!
To protect compressors from premature failure the unit
WARNING must be powered and crankcase heaters energized at
least 8 hours BEFORE compressors are started.
Hazardous Pressures!
Failure to follow these instructions could result in a If the compressor is a replacement for a failed compressor
violent explosion, which could result in death or serious and has been charged in accordance with either the
injury. If a heat source is required to raise the tank procedures in the unit IOM or “Charging the System,” p. 16
pressure during removal of refrigerant from cylinders, in this manual, the compressor could be immediately
use only warm water or heat blankets to raise the tank started after charging the system. The reason for this is
temperature. Do not exceed a temperature of 150°F. Do
that the refrigerant has not had sufficient time to migrate
not, under any circumstances apply direct flame to any
portion of the cylinder. to the compressor and cause potential damage upon
startup. The system should set for no more 8 hours or
overnight with a refrigerant charge without crankcase
Use R-410A refrigerant only! Follow the instructions in the
heater operation. If the time exceeds 8 hours or the unit
unit Installation, Operation, and Maintenance manual for
sits overnight, the crankcase heater must be operational
proper charging methods.
for a minimum of 8 hours prior to starting the compressor.
If there are no instructions available, use these guidelines:
If liquid refrigerant was charged into the suction or low
• Evacuate the unit as described in “Vacuum Testing and side during the charging procedure, damage could still
Evacuation,” p. 15. occur.
• Ensure that the oil level is at least 1/2-sight glass in the
compressor
• Do not use the compressor to pull refrigerant into the
system.
• Charge liquid refrigerant into the high-side of the
unit—either into the condenser or liquid receiver, if so
equipped.
• Charge as much of the unit refrigerant charge as
possible before starting the compressor.
• Do not charge liquid refrigerant into the low side of the
compressor without the compressor running. Small
amounts of liquid may be metered through refrigerant
gauges into the suction line while the compressor is
operating.
• If the unit is equipped with suction and discharge
service valves, close them during the charging
procedure.
• Water chiller units—Always operate the chilled water
pumps while charging the unit to prevent freezing the
evaporator.

16 COM-SVN003B-EN
Start-Up
Follow the instructions in the unit Installation, Operation,
and Maintenance manual. If there are no instructions
available, use these guidelines:

NOTICE
Equipment Damage!
Failure to follow guidelines below could result in
equipment damage.

• Never start the compressor without refrigerant in the

system.
• Never bypass the low pressure switch to start the unit.
• Monitor oil level for 60 minutes to ensure that oil
returns from the system.
• Check system pressures and temperatures to ensure
they are in line with unit design pressures. Refer to the
unit Installation, Operation, and Maintenance manual
for this information.
• To top off the unit, charge liquid refrigerant may added
by slowly throttling it into the suction line. This must be
done only when the compressor is operating.
• Do not overcharge the unit.
• Recommended system full load superheats—unless
specified differently in the unit Installation, Operation,
and Maintenance manual—is 16°F–20°F.
• Measure the oil sump superheat. Oil sump superheat
should be greater than 20°F. Oil sump superheat is
calculated as follows:
Oil Sump Superheat = Oil Sump Temperature –
Saturated Suction Temperature
• Measure the oil sump temperature by placing a
thermocouple on the bottom of the compressor,
preferably in the center, and insulate it. Calculate sump
superheat. If less than 20°F, recheck the expansion
valve superheat and increase it. Low sump superheat
is indicated by foaming compressor oil.
• After fully charging the unit, recheck all pressure,
temperatures, and electrical readings.

COM-SVN003B-EN 17
Maintenance
Check the unit Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
manual for specific instructions.
Operating conditions must always remain within the
operating range of the compressor. This includes:
• Operating pressures (suction and discharge pressure).
• Operating temperatures (suction, discharge, and
liquid).
• Operating parameters (compressor superheat, sub-
cooling, oil sump superheat, voltage, and amperage).
• Check all of the following on a regular basis:
– System operating conditions.
– System refrigerant charge level.
– Oil levels and oil color.

WARNING
Hazardous Voltage!
Failure to disconnect power before servicing could
result in death or serious injury. Disconnect all electric
power, including remote disconnects before servicing.
Follow proper lockout/tagout procedures to ensure the
power can not be inadvertently energized.

• Check electrical connections (prior to startup each

season).
• Check unit operating controls.

18 COM-SVN003B-EN
Troubleshooting
Important: Check the unit Installation, Operation, and • Excessive floodback—The superheat should be a
Maintenance manual for additional minimum of 16°F at full load and oil sump temperature
information regarding diagnosis and should be at least 20°F above the saturated suction
causes. temperature. Measure the sump temperature at the
bottom center of the compressor. Chillers with
WARNING electronic expansion valves may operate with lower
superheats; check the unit Installation, Operation, and
Hazardous Service Procedures! Maintenance manual for proper operating superheats.
Failure to follow all precautions in this manual and on • Compressor is full of liquid on startup—The crankcase
the tags, stickers, and labels could result in death or
heater either was not energized for a minimum of
serious injury.
Technicians, in order to protect themselves from eight hours, or it is defective.
potential electrical, mechanical, and chemical hazards, • Mechanical damage to the compressor has occurred—
MUST follow precautions in this manual and on the Check compressor amperage. It may also trip the
tags, stickers, and labels, as well as the following compressor motor protection module or other unit
instructions: Unless specified otherwise, disconnect all electrical protection devices such as circuit breakers.
electrical power including remote disconnect and
discharge all energy storing devices such as capacitors High-pressure control opens
before servicing. Follow proper lockout/tagout
procedures to ensure the power can not be • Check the unit Installation, Operation, and
inadvertently energized. When necessary to work with Maintenance manual for possible diagnostics codes
live electrical components, have a qualified licensed and corrective action.
electrician or other individual who has been trained in
• Also check for:
handling live electrical components perform these
tasks. – Defective condenser fan motors or controls.
– Dirty air-cooled or water-cooled condensers.
Compressor will not start
– Restricted air flow.
• Refer to the unit Installation, Operation, and
Maintenance manual for possible diagnostics codes – Insufficient water flow.
and corrective action. – System overcharged with refrigerant. Check
• Verify: superheat and system sub-cooling.

– Compressor voltage is correct. – Non-condensables in the system.

– All safety switches are closed. Low-pressure control opens

– All the contacts on the contactor are pulled in. • Check the unit Installation, Operation, and
– The internal motor overloads may be open. Maintenance manual for possible diagnostics codes
Disconnect power to the unit and disconnect the and corrective action.
wires from the compressor terminals. With an ohm • Also check for:
meter, check to ensure that there is resistance – Defective evaporator fan motors, belts, or controls.
between T1-T2 and T3.
– Defective TXV valve.
Compressor will not build up pressure – Plugged liquid line filter.
• Compressor is wired incorrectly—It will be noisy and – Liquid line solenoid valve does not open (if so
draw 1/2 the expected amps. Shut the compressor off equipped).
immediately. Running in this condition for more than
5 seconds may damage the compressor. – Dirty evaporators, either air-to-air or water-to-air.
• Check to ensure that any bypass valves in the system – Restricted airflow.
are not open. – Insufficient evaporator water flow.
• Four-way reversing valve may be stuck and not – System undercharged with refrigerant. Check
switched properly bypassing from the high side to the system superheat and sub-cooling.
low side of the system; this situation is indicated by an
extremely warm suction inlet to the compressor.

Abnormal running noise

• Compressor is running backwards—Immediately shut
off the compressor and check wiring and proper
phasing.

COM-SVN003B-EN 19
Troubleshooting

Compressor short cycling

• Check the unit Installation, Operation, and
Maintenance manual for possible diagnostics codes
and corrective action.
• Also check for:
– Defective unit controls—maximum 12 starts per
hour.
– Compressors cycling on safety controls.
– Unit oversized.
– Building load is light—this is likely to occur prior to
building occupancy.

20 COM-SVN003B-EN
Trane - by Trane Technologies (NYSE: TT), a global climate innovator - creates comfortable, energy
efficient indoor environments for commercial and residential applications. For more information,
please visit trane.com or tranetechnologies.com.
Trane has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change design and specifications without
notice. We are committed to using environmentally conscious print practices.

COM-SVN003B-EN 08 Jun 2020

Supersedes COM-SVN003A-EN (Sep 2019) ©2020 Trane