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UNIVERSITY OF CA RIVERSIDE, LIBRARY

3 1210 02486 6756

FLOOD

INSURANCE

STUDY

GOVT.PUB

FEM 1
.209
:060241

CITY OF LINCOLN ,

CALIFORNIA

PLACER COUNTY

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
RIVERSIDE

DEC 9 1981

LIBRARY
GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS DEPT.
U. S. DEPOSITORY
AUGUST 3 , 1981

federal emergency management agency

A
COMMUNITY NUMBER - 060241
FEM 1.2091060241
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION .. 1

1.1 Purpose of Study ..... 1

1.2 Authority and Acknowledgments . 1
1.3 Coordination .. 1

2.0 AREA STUDIED 2

225
2.1 Scope of Study ....
2.2 Community Description ...
2.3 Principal Flood Problems .
2.4 Flood Protection Measures . 6

3.0 ENGINEERING METHODS ... 6

3.1 Hydrologic Analyses . 7

3.2 Hydraulic Analyses . 10

4.0 FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS . 11

4.1 Flood Boundaries . 11

4.2 Floodways ... 11

5.0 INSURANCE APPLICATION .. 14

5.1 Reach Determinations ... 14

5.2 Flood Hazard Factors .. 15
5.3 Flood Insurance Zones . 15
5.4 Flood Insurance Rate Map Description ... 17

6.0 OTHER STUDIES ... 17

7.0 LOCATION OF DATA . 17

8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES . 18

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd )

Page

FIGURES

Figure 1 - Vicinity Map . 3

Figure 2 - Floodway Schematic . 14

T
TABLES

Table 1 - Summary of Discharges . 9

Table 2 - Floodway Data ....... 13
Table 3 - Flood Insurance Zone Data .. 16

EXHIBITS

Exhibit 1 - Flood Profiles

Auburn Ravine Panels 01P - 03P

Exhibit 2 - Flood Boundary and Floodway Map Index

Flood Boundary and Floodway Map

PUBLISHED SEPARATELY :

Flood Insurance Rate Map Index

Flood Insurance Rate Map

ii

T
 FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of Study

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity

of flood hazards in the City of Lincoln , Placer County , California ,
and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance
Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This
study will be used to convert Lincoln to the regular program of
flood insurance by the Federal Emergency Management Agency . Local
and regional planners will use this study in their efforts to
promote sound flood plain management .

In some states or communities , flood plain management criteria

or regulations may exist that are more restrictive or comprehensive
than those on which these federally supported studies are based .
These criteria take precedence over the minimum Federal criteria
for purposes of regulating development in the flood plain , as
set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations at 24 CFR , 1910.1 ( d ) .
In such cases , however , it shall be understood that the State
(or other jurisdictional agency ) shall be able to explain these
requirements and criteria .

1.2 Authority and Acknowledgments

The source of authority for this Flood Insurance Study is the

National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 , as amended .

The hydrologic and hydraulic analyses for this study were performed
by Gill & Pulver Engineers , Inc. , for the Federal Emergency Manage-
ment Agency , under Contract No. H - 4824 . This work , which was
completed in November 1980 , covered all significant flooding sources
affecting Lincoln .

1.3 Coordination

The stream requiring detailed study was identified at a time and

cost meeting , attended by representatives of the Federal Emergency
Management Agency , the City of Lincoln , and the study contractor ,
held in June 1978 .

The hydrologic and hydraulic studies were coordinated with the

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers , Sacramento District ; the Federal
Emergency Management Agency ; and the community . Both studies
were acceptable to the reviewing agencies .

An intermediate / final coordination meeting with representatives

of the City of Lincoln was held on September 24 , 1980 , to review
technical data on flood boundaries , floodways , and water - surface
profiles . No changes to the study were necessary .
2.0 AREA STUDIED

2.1 Scope of Study

This Flood Insurance Study covers the incorporated areas of the

City of Lincoln , Placer County , California . The area of study
is shown on the Vicinity Map ( Figure 1 ) .

The limits of detailed and approximate studies in Lincoln were

determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency with community
and study contractor consultation .

The entire reach of Auburn Ravine within the corporate limits

of Lincoln was studied by detailed methods . The flood plain areas
to be studied along Auburn Ravine have a high potential for develop-
ment .

Those areas studied by detailed methods were chosen with considera-

tion given to all proposed construction and forecasted development
through 1985 .

Areas along Markham Ravine were studied by approximate methods

due to the small drainage area involved and because no development
is anticipated along this waterway within the next 5 years .

Approximate analyses were used to study those areas having a low

development potential or minimal flood hazards . The scope and
methods of study were proposed to and agreed upon by the Federal
Emergency Management Agency and the City of Lincoln .

2.2 Community Description

The City of Lincoln is located in western Placer County , in north-

central California . It is situated 417 miles north of Los Angeles ,
112 miles northeast of San Francisco , and 27 miles northeast of
Sacramento . The city is surrounded by unincorporated areas of
Placer County .

The population in the city was 3289 in 1970 and 3960 in 1979 ,
an increase of 20 percent in this 9 - year period . There are 1338
occupied dwellings in the city .

The total land area of Lincoln is 3944 acres . This land consists
of approximately 1538 acres in urban uses and 2406 acres either
in agriculture or lying fallow . Development in the flood plain
is predominantly rural and agricultural .

Lincoln was incorporated in 1860 as a farm to market center serving

a large rural trade area . The year following , the Southern Pacific
Railroad was completed . The convenient transportation source
ended the relative isolation of the town from other areas . By
1886 , agriculture in the region had been established , and with
the construction of the grain elevator , the beginning of an agricul-
turally dominant economy was signaled . Although there were scattered

2
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FLD00100030
gold -mining areas in the eastern foothills , no major economic
fields were discovered .

Coal and glass sand was discovered in the area in 1875. In the
same year , clay of the very finest quality was also discovered .
The discovery of clay led to the founding of the Gladding McBean
Company , the principal manufacturing firm in the community , which
produces clay products . This company is one of the oldest industrial
organizations on the Pacific coast .

Climatically , Lincoln is typical of the towns in the northern

part of the Sacramento Valley . The climatic type for the region
is modified Mediterranean , with the winter rains beginning approxi-
mately in October in contrast to the extreme summer droughts .
Rainfall averages 18 inches with over 90 percent of the precipitation
occurring during a 6 -month period from early November through
April . Summer weather consists of hot , dry days and extended
wet conditions with some ground fog in winter . Winds are moderate
and prevail from the south . During August and September , the
temperature lag from the midsummer heat results in readings well
over 100 °F . This temperature is tolerable because of the frequently
low relative humidity .

Vegetation in the Lincoln area is divided between grassland habitat

and riparian habitat . The grassland topography is characterized
by low undulating hills with sparse tree cover . The grassland
surrounds the richer alluvial plains adjacent to the major water-
courses . Native species have been largely lost because of grazing
by cattle and sheep .

Impressive displays of wild flowers are found within the community

grasslands during spring , providing extensive forage areas for
wildlife . Plant species of the region include lupine , wild oat ,
festuca , miner's lettuce , brome grass , purslane , chickweed , larkspur ,
sunflowers , California poppy , mustard , vetch , monkey flower , Cali-
fornia buttercup , lace pod , goldfields , Adder's tongue , soap plant ,
wild onion , and trillium .

The riparian , or stream- related , habitat occurs in the channels

and flood plains of Auburn and Markham Ravines , with vegetation
growing in corridors up to several hundred feet wide . The vegetation
is generally broadleaf woodlands dominated by cottonwoods and
valley oak , or thickets of shrubs such as blackberry and wild
rose . The plant community encountered along Auburn Ravine is
typical Central California riparian flora . The most outstanding
native trees are in the oak group (Genera -Quercus ) . The most
common are the interior live oak , the coastal live oak , and the
picturesque deciduous valley oak . Other native trees , but less
common , are box elder , poplars , willows , alders , and Oregon ash .

Shrubs include elderberry bottom bush , coyote bush , blackberry ,

strawberry , native California grape , and poison oak . Plant species
of the riparian habitats include tules , cattails , sedge willow ,
white alder , and flowering ash .

4
 The soil classifications prepared by the Department of Agriculture
in a survey of the Lincoln area and mapped in 1924 show generalized
areas of occurrence of the following soil series ( Reference 1 ) :

1. San Joaquin Fine Sandy Loam is the dominant soil in the

Lincoln area , extending from the beginning of the rolling
topography immediately to the east to a corridor approximately
1 mile wide and 5 miles long , following the general alinement
of Markham Ravine . Surface soils are reddish in color ,
friable , and from 6 to 18 inches deep . The underlying soil
profile is heavier and compact , generally 24 to 36 inches ,
and is underlain by a hardpan layer .

2. San Joaquin Gravelly Loam occurs in a narrow belt north

and northwest of Lincoln with the surface soil a gravelly
loam , reddish in color , and having a sandy texture . Below
approximately 27 inches , a hardpan exists between 12 and
18 inches in depth .

3. Scabland is the weathered volcanic material resting on a

comparatively flat surface . Very shallow soil is located
in association with the clay deposits and occurs to the
west in the Lincoln area .

4. Hanford Sandy Loam is water transported material within

the flood plain of Auburn Ravine and does not have a well-
defined profile . It contains fertile grayish- brown sandy
loam from 10 to 24 inches deep .

Lincoln is crossed by State Highways 65 and 193. Interstate Highway

80 is located 10 miles to the southwest . Lincoln is served by
the Southern Pacific Railroad mainline , Greyhound Bus Lines , and
Placer County Mini Bus . Lincoln Municipal Airport is within the
corporate limits and is capable of accommodating jet aircraft .
A major air terminal with transcontinental flights is located
at Sacramento , 26 miles away .

Auburn Ravine studied and presented in this report is a major

drainage that flows out of the Sierra Nevada foothills to the
Sacramento River .

The area of drainage basin to the downstream corporate limits

of Lincoln , the study terminus , is 33.1 square miles . The study
length of Auburn Ravine within Lincoln is 2.46 miles .

2.3 Principal Flood Problems

General rain floods can occur in the City of Lincoln any time
during the period from November through April . This type of flood
results from prolonged heavy rainfall and is characterized by
high peak flows of moderate duration and by large volume of runoff .

5
 Flooding is more severe when antecedent rainfall has resulted
in saturated ground conditions .

Cloudburst storms , sometimes lasting as long as 3 hours , can occur

any time from late fall to early spring , and may occur as an ex-
tremely severe sequence within a general winter rainstorm . These
are high- intensity storms that can produce peak flows equal to
or somewhat greater than those of general rainstorms in portions
of the study area . Flooding from cloudbursts is characterized
by high peak flow , short duration of flood flow , and a small volume
of runoff .

The flood plain areas of Auburn Ravine have little existing struc-
tural development . There is little documentation on flooding
on Auburn Ravine , especially prior to 1955. Floods which may
have been inconsequential prior to the growth and development
of Lincoln would cause major damage now . Because of known general
flooding in the region , flood occurrences most probably occurred
in :

December 1852 February 1915 December 1955 March 1967

January 1862 March 1928 April 1958 December 1969
December 1867 December 1937 October 1962 January 1970
February 1881 February 1940 February 1963 December 1973
March 1907 February 1942 December 1964
January 1909 December 1950 January 1967

2.4 Flood Protection Measures

There are no Federal , State , or local flood control projects on

Auburn Ravine within the City of Lincoln .

3.0 ENGINEERING METHODS

For the flooding sources studied in detail in the community , standard

hydrologic and hydraulic study methods were used to determine the flood
hazard data required for this study . Flood events of a magnitude which
are expected to be equalled or exceeded once on the average during any
10- , 50- , 100- , or 500 - year period ( recurrence interval ) have been selected
as having special significance for flood plain management and for flood
insurance premium rates . These events , commonly termed the 10- , 50- ,
100- , and 500 - year floods , have a 10 , 2 , 1 , and 0.2 percent chance ,
respectively , of being equalled or exceeded during any year . Although
the recurrence interval represents the long term average period between
floods of a specific magnitude , rare floods could occur at short intervals
or even within the same year . The risk of experiencing a rare flood
increases when periods greater than 1 year are considered . For example ,

6
the risk of having a flood which equals or exceeds the 100 - year flood
(1 percent chance of annual occurrence ) in any 50 - year period is approxi-
mately 40 percent ( 4 in 10 ) , and , for any 90 -year period , the risk in-
creases to approximately 60 percent ( 6 in 10 ) . The analyses reported
here reflect flooding potentials based on conditions existing in the
community at the time of completion of this study . Maps and flood eleva-
tions will be amended periodically to reflect future changes .

3.1 Hydrologic Analyses

Hydrologic analyses were carried out to establish the peak discharge-

frequency relationships for floods of the selected recurrence
intervals for each flooding source studied in detail affecting
the community .

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers , Sacramento District , procedures

were adapted for the analysis of Auburn Ravine and involved :
a regional approach using an S - curve hydrograph developed for
the area ; computation of unit hydrographs for each subbasin ; formu-
lation of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Standard Project Flood
as the basis for rainfall distribution ; computation of a Standard
Project Flood for each subbasin ; and application of ratios of
the 10- , 50- , 100- , and 500 -year events to the Standard Project
event . These ratios were derived by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
as a result of regional studies .

Two streamflow gages were used in the analysis of Auburn Ravine :

U.S. Geological Survey Gage No. 11-4255.30 at the City of Lincoln ,
with years of record 1947-1962 , and U.S. Geological Survey Gage
No. 11-4255.20 near the City of Auburn , with years of record 1939
to present .

The basic procedure followed was to adopt hydrologic procedures ,

data , and recommendations of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
to compute the results and to compare them with available results
from other studies . Generally , the procedure was to compute a
Standard Project Flood for the stream and to use ratios developed
by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for application of the Standard
Project storm rainfall to storms having a runoff of other frequencies
including 500- , 100- , 50- , and 10 - year events . In all cases ,
a 3- hour storm was used .

A series of locations was selected for computation of peak - flow-

frequency curves . Standard Project Floods were computed at each
of these locations , and a computerized rainfall - runoff model (U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers Computer Program 723 - X - 6 - L2 - AFP , Unit
Hydrograph and S-Curve Computation , dated November 1976 ) was used
to analyze the data . This model uses the Unit Hydrograph method
of analysis for application of the rainfall and rainfall distribution
to each subbasin for computing peak flows and runoff hydrographs .

7
Trial unit hydrographs were synthesized using a modification of
the Snyder Method . This method uses a dimensionless S - curve unit
hydrograph in combination with a relationship that relates lag
time to various parameters . These hydrographs were subsequently
tested by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the reconstitution
of historical floods and found to give good results . In this
procedure , lag time is defined as the time required to achieve
50 percent of the ultimate discharge of the S- curve hydrograph .

645.36
Ultimate discharge ( cfs ) = x DA ( square miles )
T
LL 0.38 R
CA
L 24 n x
St
s
Where :

T = Unit Hydrograph Interval

R

DA = Drainage area in square miles

L = Length of the longest watercourse in miles

LCA = Length of watercourse from the mouth to the appropriate

center of area of the watershed in miles

S = Slope of the watercourse over its total length in

feet per mile

n = Roughness coefficient indicative of ground conditions

11

and cover in the watershed

After computation of the rainfall for the Standard Project storm ,

the results and distributions were applied to the four required
storms using indexes of 1.03 x Standard Project Storm for the
500 -year event , 0.648 for the 100 -year event , 0.545 for the 50-
year event , and 0.382 for the 10 - year event .

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers computer program HEC - 1 was used to

compute runoff for the selected rainfall based on the completed
unit hydrographs ( Reference 2 ) . Peak - flow- frequency curves were
then derived at the upstream and downstream corporate limits of
Lincoln . This approach is consistent with a number of hydrologic
studies carried out in adjoining stream basins .

Peak discharge - drainage area relationships for Auburn Ravine are

shown in Table 1 .

Downstream of the State Highway 193 crossing of Auburn Ravine ,

portions of the 50- , 100- , and 500 -year flow escape from the stream
and leave the drainage basin as shallow flooding , south of the
city .

8
 Discharges
of
Summary
Table
1.

Area
Drainage Peak
(Cubic
)Discharges
second
per
Feet
Location
and
Source
Flooding Miles
S
)( quare 10
Y
- ear 50
Y
-ear 100
Y
- ear 500
-
Year

Auburn
Ravine
Downstream
State
of
193
Highway 33.11 3110 4630 5250 7210

9
3.2 Hydraulic Analyses

Analyses of the hydraulic characteristics of the flooding sources

studied in the community were carried out to provide estimates
of the elevations of floods of the selected recurrence intervals
along each of these flooding sources .

Water -surface elevations of floods of the selected recurrence

intervals were computed through use of the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers HEC- 2 step- backwater computer program ( Reference 3 ) .

The cross sections for backwater analysis of Auburn Ravine were

obtained from aerial photographs flown on May 9 , 1979 , from a
negative scale of 1 : 4800 ( Reference 4 ) . All bridges and channel
sizes were field checked to confirm elevation data and structural
geometry .

Locations of selected cross sections used in the hydraulic analyses

are shown on the Flood Profiles ( Exhibit 1 ) . For stream segments
for which a floodway is computed ( Section 4.2 ) , selected cross
section locations are also shown on the Flood Boundary and Floodway
Map (Exhibit 2 ) .

Roughness factors (Manning's " n " ) used in the hydraulic computations

were chosen by engineering judgment and based on field observations
of the stream and flood plain area . Roughness values for the
main channel of Auburn Ravine of 0.050 and 0.060 were used , and
flood plain roughness values of 0.060 and 0.070 were used for
all floods .

Starting water - surface elevations for Auburn Ravine were determined

using the slope - area method , a subroutine of the HEC - 2 computer
program .

Flood profiles were drawn showing computed water - surface elevations

to an accuracy of 0.5 foot for floods of the selected recurrence
intervals (Exhibit 1 ) .

The hydraulic analysis for this study was based on unobstructed

flow . The flood elevations shown on the profiles are , thus , consid-
ered valid only if hydraulic structures remain unobstructed , operate
properly , and do not fail .

For approximate areas along Markham Ravine , normal depth was computed
from the Manning's equation using discharge data from a 1979 drainage
study ( Reference 5 ) .

All elevations are referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical

Datum of 1929 ( NGVD ) . Elevation reference marks used in the study
are shown on the maps .

10
4.0 FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS

The National Flood Insurance Program encourages State and local governments
to adopt sound flood plain management programs . Therefore , each Flood
Insurance Study includes a flood boundary map designed to assist communi-
ties in developing sound flood plain management measures .

4.1 Flood Boundaries

In order to provide a national standard without regional discrimina-

tion , the 100 - year flood has been adopted by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency as the base flood for purposes of flood plain
management measures . The 500 -year flood is employed to indicate
additional areas of flood risk in the community . For each stream
studied in detail , the boundaries of the 100- and 500 - year floods
have been delineated using the flood elevations determined at
each cross section ; between cross sections , the boundaries were
developed photogrammetrically , using aerial photographs at a scale
of 1 : 4800 (Reference 4 ) .

Approximate flood boundaries were delineated using topographic

maps , with 5 - foot contour intervals , enlarged to a scale of 1 : 9600
(References 5 and 6 ) .

Approximate flood boundaries in some portions of the study area

were taken from the Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood
Hazard Boundary Map ( Reference 7 ) .

Flood boundaries for the 100- and 500 - year floods are shown on
the Flood Boundary and Floodway Map ( Exhibit 2 ) . In cases where
the 100- and 500 -year flood boundaries are close together , only
the 100 - year flood boundary has been shown . Small areas within
the flood boundaries may lie above the flood elevations and , there-
fore , not be subject to flooding ; owing to limitations of the
map scale , such areas are not shown .

4.2 Floodways

Encroachment on flood plains , such as artificial fill , reduces

the flood- carrying capacity , increases the flood heights of streams ,
and increases flood hazards in areas beyond the encroachment itself .
One aspect of flood plain management involves balancing the economic
gain from flood plain development against the resulting increase
in flood hazard . For purposes of the National Flood Insurance
Program , the concept of a floodway is used as a tool to assist
local communities in this aspect of flood plain management . Under
this concept , the area of the 100 - year flood is divided into a
floodway and a floodway fringe . The floodway is the channel of
a stream plus any adjacent flood plain areas that must be kept
free of encroachment in order that the 100 - year flood may be carried
without substantial increases in flood heights . Minimum standards

11
of the Federal Emergency Management Agency limit such increases
in flood heights to 1.0 foot , provided that hazardous velocities
are not produced . The floodways in this report are presented
to local agencies as minimum standards that can be adopted or
that can be used as a basis for additional studies .

The floodway presented in this study was computed on the basis

of equal - conveyance reduction from each side of the flood plain .

Just downstream of the State Highway 193 bridge over Auburn Ravine ,
a portion of the discharge for the 50- , 100- , and 500 - year flows
escapes from the channel and flows through the surrounding lowland
in the unincorporated areas of Placer County to the next drainage
basin to the south . Once this discharge escapes from the channel ,
it does not return to Auburn Ravine within the City of Lincoln .

In the floodway analysis , the total 100 -year discharge including

the discharge that flows to the south was used in developing the
floodway limits . It was found that the entire flow could be con-
tained within the flood plain without creating excessive surcharges .

The results of these computations were tabulated at selected cross

sections for each stream segment for which a floodway was computed
(Table 2 ) .

As shown on the Flood Boundary and Floodway Map ( Exhibit 2 ) , the

floodway widths were determined at cross sections ; between cross
sections , the boundaries were interpolated . In cases where the
boundaries of the floodway and the 100 -year flood are either close
together or collinear , only the floodway boundary has been shown .

The area between the floodway and the boundary of the 100 -year
flood is termed the floodway fringe . The floodway fringe thus
encompasses the portion of the flood plain that could be completely
obstructed without increasing the water - surface elevation of the
100 -year flood more than 1.0 foot at any point . Typical relation-
ships between the floodway and the floodway fringe and their signif-
icance to flood plain development are shown in Figure 2 .

12
 BASE
FLOOD
SOURCE
FLOODING FLOODWAY
WATER
ELEVATION
SURFACE

SECTION MEAN WITHOUT WITH

1 AREA VELOCITY
REGULATORY FLOODWAY FLOODWAY INCREASE
SECTION
CROSS DISTANCE WIDTH
)(FEET S
( QUARE (FEET
PER
)
FEET SECOND
) NGVD
)F
( EET

Ravine
Auburn
2
620 800/94 2,405 2.5 134.1 134.1 134.9 0.8
2,320 .
1000/382 138.8
3,168 1.9 137.8 137.8 1.0
2 781/580 1.0
2,880 2,735 2.2 138.5 138.5 139.5
2 615
Ꭰ 4,020 2,4/38
97 5 2.4 143.1 143.1 143.5 0.4
4,540 610/20 2,164 2.7 143.9 143.9 144.3 0.4
2
5,100 625/1
2,14025 2.8 145.4 145.4 145.7 0.3
2
5,620 462/169
1,433 4.1 147.4 147.4 147.8 0.4
2
6,150 394/210 1,982 3.0 149.1 149.1 149.8 0.7
2
I 7,160 274/210 1,423 4.2 151.7 151.7 152.6 0.9
2
J 8,550 494/435 2,368 2.5 154.2 154.2 155.0 0.8
9,050 279/89 934 6.3 156.1 156.1 156.2 0.1
2
L 10,030 551/56 3,465 1.7 161.0 161.0 161.5 0.5
2
10,550 134/72 954 6.2 162.0 162.0 162.0 0.0
11,050 133/542 745 8.0 163.0 163.0 163.6 0.6
2 0.4
718/3
11,8080 4,530 1.3 166.7 166.7 167.1
2 0.4
Р 12,320 729/79 2,919 2.0 166.8 166.8 167.2
2 169.1 0.9
13,400 365/51 1,682 3.5 168.2 168.2

ABCDEFGH HUKA M N O P Q
¹Feet 2 Limits
Corporate
Within
width
Width
/
Above
Feet

AGENCY
MANAGEMENT
EMERGENCY
FEDERAL
DATA
FLOODWA Y

,CA
LINCOLN
OF
CITY
.)(PLACER
CO RAVINE
AUBURN

TABLE 2
 +
100-YEAR FLOOD PLAIN

FLOODWAY FLOODWAY
FLOODWAY
FRINGE FRINGE

STREAM
CHANNEL

FLOOD ELEVATION WHEN

CONFINED WITHIN FLOODWAY

ENCROACHMENT ENCROACHMENT
C
SURCHARGE *
B

AREA OF FLOOD PLAIN that COULD FLOOD ELEVATION

BE USED FOR DEVELOPMENT BY BEFORE ENCROACHMENT
RAISING GROUND ON FLOOD PLAIN

LINE AB IS THE FLOOD ELEVATION BEFORE ENCROACHMENT.

LINE CD IS THE FLOOD ELEVATION AFTER ENCROACHMENT.
*SURCHARGE IS NOT TO EXCEED 1.0 FOOT ( FEMA REQUIREMENT) OR LESSER AMOUNT IF SPECIFIED BY STATE .

Figure 2. Floodway Schematic

5.0 INSURANCE APPLICATION

In order to establish actuarial insurance rates , the Federal Emergency

Management Agency has developed a process to transform the data from
the engineering study into flood insurance criteria . This process includes
the determination of reaches , Flood Hazard Factors ( FHFS ) , and flood
insurance zone designations for each flooding source studied in detail
affecting Lincoln .

5.1 Reach Determinations

Reaches are defined as lengths of watercourses having relatively

the same flood hazard , based on the average weighted difference
in water- surface elevations between the 10- and 100 - year floods .
This difference does not have a variation greater than that indicated
in the following table for more than 20 percent of the reach :

Average Difference Between

10- and 100 - Year Floods Variation

Less than 2 feet 0.5 foot

2 to 7 feet 1.0 foot
7.1 to 12 feet 2.0 feet
More than 12 feet 3.0 feet

14
 The locations of the reaches determined for the flooding sources
of Lincoln are shown on the Flood Profiles ( Exhibit 1 ) and summarized
in Table 3 .

5.2 Flood Hazard Factors

The FHF is the Federal Emergency Management Agency device used

to correlate flood information with insurance rate tables . Correla-
tions between property damage from floods and their FHF are used
to set actuarial insurance premium rate tables based on FHFS from
005 to 200 .

The FHF for a reach is the average weighted difference between

the 10- and 100 - year flood water - surface elevations expressed
to the nearest one - half foot , and shown as a three - digit code .
For example , if the difference between water - surface elevations
of the 10- and 100 - year floods is 0.7 foot , the FHF is 005 ; if
the difference is 1.4 feet , the FHF is 015 ; if the difference
is 5.0 feet , the FHF is 050. When the difference between the
10- and 100 -year water - surface elevations is greater than 10.0
feet , accuracy for the FHF is to the nearest foot .

5.3 Flood Insurance Zones

After the determination of reaches and their respective FHFS ,

the entire incorporated area of Lincoln was divided into zones ,
each having a specific flood potential or hazard . Each zone was
assigned one of the following flood insurance zone designations :

Zone A: Special Flood Hazard Areas inundated

by the 100 - year flood , determined by
approximate methods ; no base flood
elevations shown or FHFS determined .

Zones A2 , A3 , and A5 : Special Flood Hazard Areas inundated

by the 100 - year flood , determined by
detailed methods ; base flood elevations
shown , and zones subdivided according
to FHFS .

Zone B : Areas between the Special Flood Hazard

Areas and the limits of the 500 - year
flood , including areas of the 500 - year
flood plain that are protected from
the 100 - year flood by dike , levee ,
or other water control structure ; also

15
 2
DIFFERENCE
ELEVATION
F
AND LOOD
BETWEEN
(100
%
1
)-Y EAR FLOOD FLOOD
BASE
1
SOURCE
FLOODING PANEL HAZARD ZONE ELEVATION
%
10 %
21 %
0.2 3
FACTOR )NGVD
F( EET
|5
Y
10
()(- 00
EAR

Ravine
Auburn
Reach
1 0004 -0.8 -0.2 0.7 010 A2 Varies
- See
Map
Reach
2 0004 -1.4 -0.2 0.2 015 A3 Varie
- s See
Map
Reach
3 0004 -2.4 -0.6 1.2 025 A5 Varies
- See
Map

22243

¹Flood 2 .
3
Rate
Panel
Map
Flood
Insurance Weigh ted
Average Nearest
to
Rounded
Foot

AGENCY
MANAGEMENT
EMERGENCY
FEDERAL
DATA
ZONE
INSURANCE
FLOOD

LINCOLN
OF
CITY
,CA
P
CO
(.) LACER
RAVINE
AUBURN

TABLE 3
 areas subject to certain types of 100-
year shallow flooding where depths
are less than 1.0 foot ; and areas subject
to 100 - year flooding from sources with
drainage areas less than 1 square mile .
Zone B is not subdivided .

Zone C : Areas of minimal flooding .

The flood elevation differences , FHFS , flood insurance zones ,

and base flood elevations for each flooding source studied in
detail in the community are summarized in Table 3 .

5.4 Flood Insurance Rate Map Description

The Flood Insurance Rate Map for Lincoln is , for insurance purposes ,
the principal result of the Flood Insurance Study . This map ( pub-
lished separately ) contains the official delineation of flood
insurance zones and base flood elevation lines . Base flood eleva-
tion lines show the locations of the expected whole - foot water-
surface elevations of the base ( 100 - year ) flood . This map is
developed in accordance with the latest flood insurance map prepara-
tion guidelines published by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency .

6.0 OTHER STUDIES

There are no other published flood studies for the Lincoln area . No
streams included in the Placer County unincorporated areas study are
in the vicinity of Lincoln .

A Flood Hazard Boundary Map has been prepared for the City of Lincoln
(Reference 7) . Some of the flood boundaries from the Flood Hazard Boundary
Map have been incorporated into this study .

This study is authoritative for the purposes of the National Flood Insur-
ance Program ; data presented herein either supersede or are compatible
with all previous determinations .

7.0 LOCATION OF DATA

Survey , hydrologic , hydraulic , and other pertinent data used in this

study can be obtained by contacting the Insurance and Mitigation Division ,
Federal Emergency Management Agency , 211 Main Street , Room 220 , San
Francisco , California 94105 .

17
8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES

1. U.S. Department of Agriculture , Soil Conservation Service , Lincoln

Area Soils Survey , 1924

2. U.S. Department of the Army , Corps of Engineers , Hydrologic Engi-

neering Center , HEC- 1 Flood Hydrograph Package , Davis , California
1973

3. U.S. Department of the Army , Corps of Engineers , Hydrologic Engi-

neering Center , Computer Program 723 - X6 - L202A HEC - 2 Water - Surface
Profiles , Davis , California , December 1968 with updates

4. Aerial Photography , Lincoln , Thomas -McKeegan -Wegener , Scale 1 : 4800 ,

Roseville , California , 1979

5. Glen F. Williams , Drainage Study , Scale 1 : 1200 , 1979 , unpublished

6. Placer County Mapping , Topographic Maps , Scale 1 : 24,000 , enlarged

to 1 : 9,600 , Contour Interval 5 feet : Lincoln , California , 1953
(Photorevised 1973 )

7. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development , Flood Hazard

Boundary Map , City of Lincoln , California , ( Placer County ) , Scale
1 : 9600 , May 24 , 1974

California Department of Water Resources , Bulletin 1 , Natural

Runoff

California Department of Water Resources , Bulletin 130 , Hydro

Data Report

California Department of Water Resources , Hydrologic Data Computation

No. 17 , Atlas of Rainfall Frequency in California , J. D. Goodridge ,
Sacramento , California , 1974

California Department of Water Resources , Simplified Watershed

Analysis , Water - Loss Depth , Duration Frequency on Selected Watersheds
in California , J. D. Goodridge , 1973

Chow , Ven T. , Handbook of Applied Hydrology , New York : McGraw-

Hill Book Company , 1964

Chow , Ven T. , Open -Channel Hydraulics , New York : McGraw- Hill

Book Company , 1959

City of Lincoln General Plan , 1976

Gill & Pulver Engineers , Inc. , Hydrologic Engineering Study , Lincoln

Flood Insurance Study

18
King , H. W. , and Brater , E. F. , King's Handbook of Hydraulics ,
5th edition , New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company , 1963

Lincoln Area Chamber of Commerce , June 1979 Community Economic

Profile for City of Lincoln , Placer County , California , June 1979

Lindsley , R. K. and J. B. Franzi , Water Resources Engineering ,

1972

Portland Cement Association , Handbook of Concrete Culvert Pipe

Hydraulics , 1964

The News Messenger , Special Supplement , Lincoln , California , August 1 ,

1974

U.S. Department of Commerce , National Climatic Center , Hourly

Precipitation Data and Climatological Data , Annual Series

U.S. Department of Commerce , National Weather Service , Precipitation-

Frequency Maps for California , prepared for U.S. Soil Conservation
Service , 1972

U.S. Department of the Interior , Bureau of Reclamation , Design

of Small Dams , 1965

U.S. Department of the Interior , Geological Survey , 7.5 -Minute

Series Topographic Maps , Scale 1 : 24,000 , Contour Interval 5 feet :
Lincoln , California ( 1953 ) , Photorevised 1973

U.S. Water Resources Council , Hydrology Committee , " Guidelines

for Determining Flood Flow Frequency , " Bulletin 17 , March 1976

19
 REACH
1
ZONE
A2
CORPORATE LIMITS
CORPORATE LIMITS

CORPORATE LIMITS

FLOOD PROFILES

AUBURN RAVINE
COINCIDE
FLOODS
YEAR
AND
100
50-
ELEVATION ( FEET NGVD )

150
140
130

FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

E

CITY OF LINCOLN, CA
120

(PLACER CO. )
LEGEND
YEAR
500
FLOOD
YEAR
100
FLOOD-
50
-
YEAR
FLOOD
10
YEAR
FLOOD-
STREAM
BED
A B CROSS
SECTION
LOCATION
400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200 3600 4000 4400 4800
0
CORPORATE
DISTANCE
STREAM
ABOVE
LIMITS
FEET
IN
01P
 312100

FLD00200060
 REACH
1
ZONE
A21
$9
STATE HIGHWAY

FLOOD PROFILES

AUBURN RAVINE
COINCIDE
YEAR
FLOODS
50-
100
AND
170
ELEVATION (FEET NGVD )

160
150

FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

140
K

CITY OF LINCOLN , CA
130

(PLACER CO. )
LEGEND
FLOOD
YEAR
500-
100
FLOOD
YEAR-
50
FLOOD
YEAR-
FLOOD
YEAR
10
-
STREAM
BED

O
G H SECTION
CROSS
LOCATION
6400 6800 7200 7600 8000 8400 8800 9200 9600 10,000
4800 5200 5600 6000
LIMITS
CORPORAT
ABOVEE
FEET
IN
DISTANCE
STREAM 02P
 312100

FLD00300090
 1
REACH REACH
2 3
REACH
AZ
ZONE ZONE
A3 ZONE
A5
NEWCASTLE HIGHWAY)

CORPORATE LIMITS
STATE HIGHWAY 193

PROFILES

AUBURN RAVINE
FLOOD
YEAR
AND
500--
50-100
ELEVATION (FEET NGVD)

COINCIDE
FLOODS
180 COINCIDE
FLOODS
YEAR
AND
100
50
170

FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

160

CITY OF LINCOLN , CA
150

(PLACER CO. )
LEGEND
FLOOD
YEAR
500
-
FLOOD
YEAR
100
-
50
FLOOD
YEAR-
140
10
FLOOD
YEAR-
STREAM
BED

O
SECTION
CROSS
LOCATION
10,000 10,400 10,800 11,200 11,600 12,000 12,400 12,800 13,200 13,600
LIMITS
CORPORAT
ABOVEE
FEET
IN
DISTANCE
STREAM 03P
CA/:
2522
1981-341-772
OFFICE
PRINTING
GOVERNMENTU.S.
 312100

FLD004000CO