4.1. Force, Energy and Momentum MCQ QP

Force, Energy and Momentum MCQ PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
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An electron has speed v. The electron’s kinetic energy is doubled.

1.
What is the new speed of the electron?
C 2v
D 4v
(Total 1 mark)
An object of mass m is accelerated from rest to a velocity v by a constant resultant force F.

2.
What is the work done on the object during this acceleration?
B Fv
C mv2
(Total 1 mark)
What is true for an inelastic collision between two isolated objects?

3.
A Both total momentum and total kinetic energy are conserved.
B Neither total momentum nor total kinetic energy is conserved.
C Only total kinetic energy is conserved.
D Only total momentum is conserved.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 1 of 22
Force, Energy and Momentum MCQ PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
P and R are uniform spheres of mass 3 kg and 4 kg respectively.
4. P and R are joined by a rod of negligible mass.
The distance between their centres is L.
The centre of mass of this system is at Q.
Which diagram shows the position of the centre of mass?
A B
C D
(Total 1 mark)
Page 2 of 22
A vehicle travels on a straight road, starting at time t = 0

5.
The graph shows how its velocity varies with time.
What is the distance of the vehicle from its start position when t = 40 s?
A 115 m
B 190 m
C 260 m
D 370 m
(Total 1 mark)
A suitcase weighing 200 N is placed on a weighing scale in a lift.

6. The scale reads 180 N when the lift is moving.
The lift is
A moving down at a constant velocity.
B moving down with a decreasing velocity.
C moving up at a constant velocity.
D moving up with a decreasing velocity.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 3 of 22
A stationary ball is free to move. The ball is hit with a bat.
7.
The graph shows how the force of the bat on the ball changes with time.
The ball has a mass of 0.044 kg.
What is the speed of the ball immediately after being hit?
A 13 m s−1
B 60 m s−1
C 80 m s−1
D 160 m s−1
(Total 1 mark)
The question below is about three spheres X, Y and Z.

8.
The relative mass and relative diameter of each sphere are given in the table.
X Y Z
relative mass 1 5 1
relative diameter 1 1 5
Page 4 of 22
Each sphere is dropped from rest and accelerates to its terminal speed.
What is true about the accelerations of the spheres at the instant they are released?
A The acceleration of X is less than that of Y.
B The acceleration of X is greater than that of Z.
C The acceleration of X is the same as that of Y.
D The acceleration of Y is less than that of Z.
(Total 1 mark)
The question below is about three spheres X, Y and Z.

9.
The relative mass and relative diameter of each sphere are given in the table.
X Y Z
relative mass 1 5 1
relative diameter 1 1 5
Each sphere is dropped from rest and accelerates to its terminal speed.
What is true about the terminal speeds?
A The terminal speed of X is greater than that of Y.
B The terminal speed of X is the same as that of Y.
C The terminal speed of Y is greater than that of Z.
D The terminal speed of X is less than that of Z.
(Total 1 mark)
The diagram shows a vector diagram of two forces acting on an object.

10. The diagram is drawn to scale.
The magnitude of the smaller force is 5.0 N.
Page 5 of 22
What is the magnitude of the resultant force on the object?
A 3.2 N
B 7.5 N
C 8.6 N
D 9.6 N
(Total 1 mark)
A uniform piece of card in the shape of the letter L is suspended freely from a horizontal pin.
11. A plumb line is also suspended from the pin.
The diagram shows the card in its equilibrium position.
What is the position of the centre of mass of the piece of card?
(Total 1 mark)
A coin is projected horizontally from the top of a desk.

12.
The diagram shows the coin at one point in its path. The air resistance is negligible.
Page 6 of 22
The arrows E, F and G represent different directions.
Which row gives the direction of the acceleration and the direction of the momentum of the coin
at this point?
Acceleration Momentum
A F F
B F E
C G F
D G E
(Total 1 mark)
A golf ball has a mass of 46 g and is initially stationary.

13. The diagram shows the variation with time of the force acting on the golf ball as it is hit with a golf
club.
What is an estimate of the kinetic energy of the golf ball immediately after it is hit?
A 5J
B 50 J
C 250 J
D 500 J
(Total 1 mark)
Page 7 of 22
A Formula 1 racing car uses up its fuel during the race, causing its lap times to decrease.
14.
The lap times decrease because
A the acceleration of the car increases.
B the drag forces on the car decrease.
C the maximum speed of the car increases.
D the tyres become worn, reducing the friction with the road.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 8 of 22
An object is in equilibrium when acted on by three coplanar forces.
15.
Which free-body diagram is correct?
Each diagram is drawn to scale.
A B
C D
(Total 1 mark)
Which quantity is represented by the area under a force–time graph?

16.
A average power
B elastic strain energy stored
C momentum change
D work done
(Total 1 mark)
Page 9 of 22
Each diagram shows two horizontal forces acting on a solid square object seen from above.
17.
All the forces have the same magnitude.
A B
C D
Which system produces a couple about any point inside the object?
(Total 1 mark)
Page 10 of 22
A uniform metre ruler of weight 2.0 N is freely pivoted at the 70 cm mark.
18.
A student holds the ruler in a horizontal position and suspends a 5.0 N weight from the 100 cm
end.
What is the magnitude of the resultant moment when the student releases the ruler?
A 0.15 N m
B 0.19 N m
C 1.1 N m
D 1.9 N m
(Total 1 mark)
Page 11 of 22
The diagram shows how the speed v of an object varies with time t.
19.
Which graph shows the variation of distance s with t for the object?
A B
C D
(Total 1 mark)
Page 12 of 22
Two ball bearings X and Y are projected from horizontal ground at the same time.
20.
X has mass 2m and is projected vertically upwards with speed u.
Y has mass m and is projected at 30° to the horizontal with speed 2u.
Air resistance is negligible.
Which statement is correct?
A X and Y have the same initial momentum.
B X and Y reach their maximum heights at different times.
C The maximum height reached by Y is half that reached by X.
D X and Y reach the ground at the same time.
(Total 1 mark)
Which row is true for an elastic collision between two objects in an isolated system?
21.
Kinetic energy Momentum
A conserved conserved
B not conserved conserved
C conserved not conserved
D not conserved not conserved
(Total 1 mark)
The drag force on a boat is kv2, where v is the speed and k = 64 kg m−1.
22.
The boat’s engine has a useful power output of 8000 W.
What is the maximum speed of the boat?
A 0.2 m s−1
B 5 m s−1
C 11 m s−1
D 125 m s−1
(Total 1 mark)
Page 13 of 22
A railway truck of mass 2000 kg travelling horizontally at 1.5 m s–1 collides with a stationary truck
23.
of mass 3000 kg.
After the collision they move together.
Which row is correct?
Speed of the trucks immediately after Effect of collision on total

collision / m s–1 kinetic energy
A 0.6 no change
B 0.6 decrease
C 1.0 no change
D 1.0 decrease
(Total 1 mark)
A body of constant mass falls freely due to gravity.

24.
The rate of change of momentum of the body is equal to its
A kinetic energy.
B mass.
C gravitational potential energy.
D weight.
(Total 1 mark)
Page 14 of 22
The graph shows how the resultant force F on a football, which is initially at rest, varies with time
25.
t.
Which graph shows how the momentum p of the football varies with time t?
(Total 1 mark)
Page 15 of 22
Objects P and Q are initially at rest at time t = 0

26.
The same resultant force F is applied to P and Q for time T.
The mass of P is 10 times greater than the mass of Q.
What is the ratio ?
A 0.1
B 1
C 10
D 100
(Total 1 mark)
A mass of 2.5 kg is released from rest at X and slides down a ramp, of height 3.0 m, to point Y as
27. shown.
When the mass reaches Y at the bottom of the ramp it has a velocity of 5.0 m s–1.
What is the average frictional force between the mass and the ramp?
A 8.5 N
B 10.6 N
C 14.7 N
D 24.5 N
(Total 1 mark)
Page 16 of 22
The graph shows how the force F applied to an object varies with time t.
28.
What is the momentum gained by the object from t = 0 to t = 10 s?
A 18 kg m s–1
B 32 kg m s–1
C 40 kg m s–1
D 58 kg m s–1
(Total 1 mark)
Page 17 of 22
Two identical balls, X and Y, are at the same height and a horizontal distance of 25 cm apart.
29.
X is projected horizontally with a velocity of 0.10 m s–1 towards Y at the same time that Y is
released from rest. Both X and Y move freely in the absence of air resistance.
What is the distance between the balls 1.0 s later?
A 0.15 m
B 0.25 m
C 2.4 m
D 4.9 m
(Total 1 mark)
Two bodies of different masses undergo an elastic collision in the absence of any external force.
30.
Which row gives the effect on the total kinetic energy of the masses and the magnitudes of the
forces exerted on the masses during the collision?
Total kinetic energy Magnitudes of forces
A remains unchanged same on both masses
B remains unchanged greater on the smaller mass
C decreases same on both masses
D decreases greater on the smaller mass
(Total 1 mark)
Page 18 of 22
The diagram shows a uniform metre ruler of weight 1.5 N pivoted 15 cm from one end for use as
31. a simple balance.
A scale pan of weight 0.5 N is placed at the end of the ruler and an object of unknown weight is
placed in the pan. The ruler moves to a steady horizontal position when a weight of 2.5 N is
added at a distance of 60 cm from the pivot as shown.
What is the weight of the object?
A 9.5 N
B 10.0 N
C 13.0 N
D 13.5 N
(Total 1 mark)
A non-uniform sign is 0.80 m long and has a weight of 18 N

32. It is suspended from two vertical springs P and Q. The springs obey Hooke’s law and the spring
constant of each spring is 240 N m–1
The top end of spring P is fixed and the top end of spring Q is adjusted until the sign is horizontal
and in equilibrium.
Page 19 of 22
What is the extension of spring Q?
A 0.014 m
B 0.038 m
C 0.049 m
D 0.061 m
(Total 1 mark)
Three coplanar forces F1, F2 and F3 act on a point object.

33.
Which combination of forces can never produce a resultant force of zero?
F1 / N F2 / N F3 / N
A 3 4 5
B 8 8 8
C 2 10 10
D 3 6 10
(Total 1 mark)
A projectile is launched with a speed of 25 m s–1 at an angle of 35° to the horizontal, as shown in
34.
the diagram.
Air resistance is negligible.
Page 20 of 22
What is the time taken for the projectile to return to the ground?
A 1.5 s
B 2.1 s
C 2.9 s
D 4.2 s
(Total 1 mark)
Page 21 of 22
The diagram shows a gas particle about to collide elastically with a wall.
35.
Which diagram shows the correct change in momentum Δmv that occurs during the collision?
(Total 1 mark)
Page 22 of 22

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Force, Energy and Momentum MCQ PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

An electron has speed v. The electron’s kinetic energy is doubled.

An object of mass m is accelerated from rest to a velocity v by a constant resultant force F.

What is true for an inelastic collision between two isolated objects?

A Both total momentum and total kinetic energy are conserved.

B Neither total momentum nor total kinetic energy is conserved.

C Only total kinetic energy is conserved.

D Only total momentum is conserved.

Which diagram shows the position of the centre of mass?

A vehicle travels on a straight road, starting at time t = 0

A suitcase weighing 200 N is placed on a weighing scale in a lift.

A moving down at a constant velocity.

B moving down with a decreasing velocity.

C moving up at a constant velocity.

D moving up with a decreasing velocity.

The ball has a mass of 0.044 kg.

What is the speed of the ball immediately after being hit?

The question below is about three spheres X, Y and Z.

A The acceleration of X is less than that of Y.

B The acceleration of X is greater than that of Z.

C The acceleration of X is the same as that of Y.

D The acceleration of Y is less than that of Z.

The question below is about three spheres X, Y and Z.

What is true about the terminal speeds?

A The terminal speed of X is greater than that of Y.

B The terminal speed of X is the same as that of Y.

C The terminal speed of Y is greater than that of Z.

D The terminal speed of X is less than that of Z.

The diagram shows a vector diagram of two forces acting on an object.

What is the position of the centre of mass of the piece of card?

A coin is projected horizontally from the top of a desk.

A golf ball has a mass of 46 g and is initially stationary.

A the acceleration of the car increases.

B the drag forces on the car decrease.

C the maximum speed of the car increases.

Each diagram is drawn to scale.

Which quantity is represented by the area under a force–time graph?

B elastic strain energy stored

Air resistance is negligible.

Which statement is correct?

A X and Y have the same initial momentum.

B X and Y reach their maximum heights at different times.

C The maximum height reached by Y is half that reached by X.

D X and Y reach the ground at the same time.

B not conserved conserved

C conserved not conserved

D not conserved not conserved

What is the maximum speed of the boat?

Which row is correct?

Speed of the trucks immediately after Effect of collision on total

A body of constant mass falls freely due to gravity.

C gravitational potential energy.

Objects P and Q are initially at rest at time t = 0

The mass of P is 10 times greater than the mass of Q.

What is the ratio ?

What is the momentum gained by the object from t = 0 to t = 10 s?

What is the distance between the balls 1.0 s later?

Total kinetic energy Magnitudes of forces

A remains unchanged same on both masses