Connectives

Connectives (các từ nối): and, but, because, or, so, therefore, however có chức năng nối các
từ, các mệnh đề, các câu lại với nhau.

1. And (và): dùng để thêm thông tin vào câu nói
EX: My hobbies are playing soccer and listening to music.
2. But (nhưng): dùng để nêu lên hai thông tin đối ngược nhau
EX; I want another car but I have no money.
3. Or (hoặc): dùng để giới thiệu một khả năng khác
EX: Would you like tea or coffee?
4. So (do đó, cho nên, vì vậy): dùng để chỉ kết quả, hệ quả, phía trước so luôn có dấu phẩy
ngăn cách
EX: It’s raining, so I’ll stay home and read.
5. Because (bởi vì): dùng để chỉ nguyên nhân, luôn đứng trước mệnh đề phụ thuộc
EX: I failed my exam because I didn’t study.
6. Therefore (do đó, cho nên): dùng để nêu lên kết quả của sự việc được nhắc đến trong câu
trước đó
EX: I passed the test; therefore, my parents took me to the circus.
7. However (tuy nhiên): dùng để giới thiệu một sự việc có ý nghĩa trái ngược với sự việc
được nhắc trước đó
EX: I feel sleepy, however, I must finish the report.
I. Choose the correct answer.

1. - A: Would you like to drink a cup of tea ________ coffee? - B: Tea, please.
A. and B. or C. although D. but
2. My sister plays volleyball well ________ I do not.
A. and B. but C. or D. although
3. Most people like watching comedy ________ it's very interesting.
A. because B. so C. although D. but
4. _________ Minh likes sport programmes, he watches this animal programme with his
family.
A. Because B. Although C. and D. but
5. The film is very interesting. It's both moving ________ funny.

A. and B. or C. although D. but
6. I have to go out ________ I meet my pen pal today.
A. but B. so C. because D. or
7. We decide to stay at home ________ it's raining heavily.
A. though B. so C. because D. but
8. ________ she knows that watching too much TV is a bad habit, she still watches TV
usually.
A. Because B. Although C. or D. but
II. Fill in each blank with one of the conjunctions "and/ or/ but/ so/ because" to
complete the sentences.
1. Is her child a boy ……………a girl?

2. I forgot to bring the map, ……………….I got lost.
3. He failed the examination …………………..he didn't study hard.
4. My new classmate is quite friendly …………………… sociable.
5. I don't like watching films on TV …………………….. I like watching them at the cinema.
7. She likes watching cartoons ………………………….they are colourful and funny.
8. Lan sings very well …………………..she cannot sing in front of many people.
9. The movie was very boring ……………….. we went out to go shopping.
III. Khoanh tròn vào liên từ thích hợp trong mỗi câu sau.
1. I’d love to stay (so /and / but) I have to catch my bus.
2. His hot chocolate was too hot (so / and / but) he put some cold milk in it.
3. I only passed my exam (because / but / although) you helped me.
4. They were hungry (but / because / so) they made some sandwiches.
5. We can go to the pool (and / but / or) we can go horse-riding, whichever you prefer.
6. She didn’t want him to see her (and / so / although) she hid behind a plant.
7. He’s in the town centre (so / because / but) he wants to look for shoes.
9. We can go to the shop before we go to Clare’s house (and / or / so) go to Clare’s house first
to see if she needs anything. What do you think?
Exercise 1: Add so, but, therefore, however where appropriate.
1. The wind was howling outside, _____it was warm and comfortable indoor.
2. The highway was under construction, _____we had to take a different route to work.
3. You could fly via Singapore; _____, this isn't the only way.
6. I thought the plane would be delayed; _____, I bought a lot of magazines to read.
7. Jackson was going to study all night, _____ he declined our invitation to dinner.
8. We thought the figures were correct. _____, we have now discovered some errors.
9. Cars have become more complicated.______, mechanics need more training than in the
past.
10. We arrived at the theatre late. _______, the play had not yet begun. We were quite
surprised.
11. Prices have been rising. It is unlikely, _____,that this increase will continue.
12. The bread was old and stale, _____Martha ate it anyway.
14. He failed the exam, _____ he had to do the job he didn't like.
15. They hoped to climb the mountain by August. _______bad weather could be a hindrance.
16. This is the shortest way to the city center; _____ ,it is not the only way
17. The boy was able to learn English, _____ he is very lazy.
18. He didn't attend the lesson, _____ he could not do his homework.
19. The rice is 6000 dong per kilo, _____ we bought 10 kilos.
20. Your son is heading to the right direction; _____, I think you should encourage him to
learn harder.
21. It is very late now, _____ she is still at her office.
22. It was midnight, _____ they closed the restaurant and went home.
23. They visited many stores; ___________, they could not find what they were looking for.
24. We discussed the issue all day, _____ we could not come to a final conclusion.
25. It started to rain hard; _____we decided to stay at home to watch TV.
26. The sun was warm, ____________ a cool breeze blew in from the sea.
27. I have read this book before; ____________, I do not remember the plot.
28. We opened the window, ____________ fresh air would blow into the room.
29. The bus fare is expensive; ____________, I prefer to walk.
30. I wanted to study. _____, I was too tired.
Exercise 2: Choose the best option

1. I want to work as an interpreter in the future, ________ I am studying Russian at
university.
A. but B. so C. however D. therefore
2. I am going shopping for food this evening, ________ I do not have to go at the weekend.
A. so B. but C. however D. moreover
3. We live in the same building, ________ we have hardly seen each other
A. and B. therefore C. but D. so
4. I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD, ________ the shop didn't have it.
A. and B. but C. therefore D. so
5. Anna needed some money, ________, she took a part-time job.
A. furthermore B. moreover C. however D. therefore
6. Julie has a guitar, ________ she plays it badly.

A. and B. so C. but D. therefore
7. My fingers were injured,________ my sister had to write the note for me.
A. and B. however C. so D. but
8. The concert was cancelled, ________ we went to a nightclub instead.

A. so B. however C. so on D. but
9. He is only sixteen, and ________, he is not eligible to drive a car.

A. nevertheless B. but C. therefore D. however
10. Maria tried to read a novel in French, ________ the book was too difficult for her to
understand.
A. so that B. therefore C. but D. and

Connectives

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Connectives (các từ nối): and, but, because, or, so, therefore, however có chức năng nối các

từ, các mệnh đề, các câu lại với nhau.

I. Choose the correct answer.

A. and B. or C. although D. but

2. My sister plays volleyball well ________ I do not.

A. and B. but C. or D. although

3. Most people like watching comedy ________ it's very interesting.

A. because B. so C. although D. but

A. Because B. Although C. and D. but

5. The film is very interesting. It's both moving ________ funny.

6. I have to go out ________ I meet my pen pal today.

7. We decide to stay at home ________ it's raining heavily.

A. though B. so C. because D. but

A. Because B. Although C. or D. but

1. Is her child a boy ……………a girl?

Exercise 1: Add so, but, therefore, however where appropriate.

Exercise 2: Choose the best option

6. Julie has a guitar, ________ she plays it badly.

8. The concert was cancelled, ________ we went to a nightclub instead.

9. He is only sixteen, and ________, he is not eligible to drive a car.

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